JP2021531376A - 統合されたガス化と電気分解のプロセス - Google Patents
統合されたガス化と電気分解のプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021531376A JP2021531376A JP2021501029A JP2021501029A JP2021531376A JP 2021531376 A JP2021531376 A JP 2021531376A JP 2021501029 A JP2021501029 A JP 2021501029A JP 2021501029 A JP2021501029 A JP 2021501029A JP 2021531376 A JP2021531376 A JP 2021531376A
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- Prior art keywords
- gasifier
- methanation
- oxygen
- zone
- methane
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C07C1/0485—Set-up of reactors or accessories; Multi-step processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/12—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
- C10K3/06—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by mixing with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
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- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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Abstract
Description
この出願は2018年7月13日に出願された米国仮出願第62/697,540号の優先権を主張する。当該出願はその全体が参照によって組み込まれる。
本発明の態様は、再生可能天然ガス(RNG)を製造するためのガス化プロセスに関し、そのプロセスは酸素及び水素の供給を提供するための電気分解と統合されている。
本発明の例示的な実施形態及びその利点のより完全な理解は、添付の図(同一の特徴を特定するために同一の参照番号が使用される)を考慮して以下の説明を参照することによって得ることができる。
「重量%(wt%)」及び「モル%(mol%)」という表現は、本明細書では、それぞれ重量パーセント及びモルパーセントを示すために使用される。「重量ppm(wt ppm)」及び「モルppm(mol ppm)」という表現は、それぞれ重量及びモル百万分率を示す。理想気体の場合、「mol%」と「mol ppm」は、それぞれ体積パーセントと体積百万分率に等しくなる。
Claims (21)
- 以下の工程を含むメタンを生成するためのプロセス:
ガス化装置において、炭素質供給物を酸素含有ガス化装置供給物と接触させて、CO、CO2及びH2を含むガス化装置放出物を提供する工程;
メタン化反応器において、電解槽から得られる電解水素を、ガス化装置放出物中のCO及び/又はCO2の少なくとも一部と反応させて、メタンを形成する工程;
電解水素の補給量に応じて、プロセスの操作を調整し、メタン化反応器インレットのCO濃度又はメタン化反応器インレットのCO2濃度に影響を与える工程。 - メタン生成物をメタン化反応器放出物として得ること、又はメタン生成物をメタン化反応器放出物から回収することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- メタン化反応器インレットのCO濃度又はメタン化反応器インレットのCO2濃度に影響を与えるプロセスの操作が(i)プロセスにおいてCOもしくはCO2を消費もしくは生成する、又は(ii)プロセス中のCOもしくはCO2を追加もしくは除去する、請求項1又は2に記載のプロセス。
- メタン化反応器インレットのCO濃度又はメタン化反応器インレットのCO2濃度に影響を与えるプロセスの操作が、プロセスでCOを消費しCO2を生成するサワーシフト操作、又はプロセスでCO及びCO2を除去する酸性ガス除去操作である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 操作が、該操作への供給物の少なくとも一部をバイパスすることによって調整される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 約0.7〜約1.5のメタン化反応器インレット比[H2]/(3・[CO]+4・[CO2])を得るために操作を調整する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 炭素質供給物が石炭又はバイオマスを含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 酸素含有ガス化装置供給物が電解槽から得られる電解酸素を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 酸素含有ガス化装置供給物が空気分離ユニットから得られるASU酸素をさらに含む、請求項8に記載のプロセス。
- 電解酸素及びASU酸素が、炭素質供給原料の補給量に基づいて少なくとも部分的に決定される酸素の補給量を提供する、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 酸素含有ガス化装置供給物がさらにH2O及び/又はCO2を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- ガス化装置の下流、且つ、メタン化反応器の上流の1つ以上の操作をさらに含み、該1つ以上の操作がガス化装置放出物に対してそれぞれ1つ以上の処理工程を実行し、該処理工程が、タール変換、熱の回収、濾過/スクラビング、追加の洗浄、及び硫黄除去からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 再生可能天然ガスを製造するための統合されたガス化、メタン化、及び電気分解プロセスであって、以下の工程を含み:
ガス化ゾーンのガス化装置において、バイオマスを、電解槽内での水の電気分解から得られる電解酸素を含む酸素含有ガス化装置供給物と接触させて、CO、CO2及びH2を含むガス化ゾーン放出物を提供する工程;
メタン化ゾーンのメタン化反応器において、ガス化ゾーン放出物中のCO及び/又はCO2の少なくとも一部をメタンに変換する工程;及び、
再生可能天然ガスをメタン化ゾーン放出物として得る、又は再生可能天然ガスをメタン化ゾーン放出物から回収する工程;
ガス化ゾーン又はメタン化ゾーンが、CO濃度又はCO2濃度に影響を与える少なくとも1つの操作を含み、
さらに電解槽から得られる電解水素の補給量に応じて操作を調整する工程を含む、プロセス。 - ガス化ゾーンが、ガス化装置に加えて、タール変換操作、ガス化装置熱回収操作、ガス濾過/スクラビング操作、及び追加の洗浄操作からなる群から選択される1つ以上の操作を含む、請求項13に記載のプロセス。
- メタン化ゾーンが、メタン化反応器に加えて、サワーシフト操作、硫黄除去操作、酸性ガス除去操作、及びメタン化反応器熱回収操作からなる群から選択される1つ以上の操作を含む、請求項13又は14に記載のプロセス。
- CO濃度又はCO2濃度に影響を与える少なくとも1つの操作が、サワーシフト操作、又は酸性ガス除去操作である、請求項15に記載のプロセス。
- ガス化ゾーン放出物の少なくとも一部を電解槽から得られる電解水素と合わせてメタン化ゾーンで反応させ、メタン化ゾーン放出物中のメタンの少なくとも一部を提供することをさらに含む、請求項13〜16のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 電解水素が、バイオマス中に存在する炭素に基づくメタン収率を、電解水素が添加されないで実行されるベースラインプロセスと比較して、少なくとも約10%増加させる、請求項17に記載のプロセス。
- メタン化ゾーン放出物として得られる、又はメタン化ゾーン放出物から回収される再生可能天然ガスが、パイプライン品質の天然ガスである、請求項13〜18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 以下の工程を含むメタンを生成するためのプロセス:
炭素質供給原料をガス化して、CO、CO2、及びH2を含むガス化装置放出物を提供する工程;
補給量の水素をメタン化反応器又はメタン化反応器の上流に導入して、補給水素の少なくとも一部をガス化装置放出物中のCO及び/又はCO2の少なくとも一部と反応させてメタンを形成する工程;及び、
水素の補給量に応じてプロセスの動作を調整する工程。 - ガス化装置放出物の処理工程である、サワーシフト又は酸性ガスの除去のうち少なくとも1つの処理工程を除外する、請求項20に記載のプロセス。
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GB2599967B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-12-14 | Velocys Tech Ltd | Gasification process |
US20220340419A1 (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-10-27 | Fluor Technologies Corporation | Production of ammonia, methanol, and synthesis products from one or more gasification products |
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