JP2018536077A - アミン系ポリマー、その製造方法、およびその用途 - Google Patents
アミン系ポリマー、その製造方法、およびその用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、機能性材料の分野に関し、特に、アミン系ポリマーに関する。本発明は、更に、当該アミン系ポリマーの製造方法及びその用途、例えば燃料油の清浄剤への用途に関する。
[背景技術]
燃料油中の不飽和オレフィン、芳香族炭化水素および少量の硫黄化合物は酸素と容易に反応してコロイド状物質を形成し、特に吸気弁、ノズル、燃焼室などの主要構造に炭素沈積物(付着物)の形成が加速し、エンジンの作動が困難になくなり、アイドルスピードが不安定であり、運転性能が悪く、加速性能が不十分であり、重大な動力損失を招くことになる。このような堆積物のエンジン内での生成を抑制するために、従来技術では、色々な清浄剤が開発されている。
[発明の概要]
本発明者らは、先行技術を深刻に検討した結果、新型のアミン系ポリマーを見出した。更に、該新型のアミン系ポリマーを利用して、清浄剤(例えば清浄剤主剤)を製造することにより、上記の技術欠点を解決できることを見出して、本発明を完成した。
1)アルケニルアルコールとエポキシドとを反応させて、ビニル基含有ポリエーテルを製造し;
2)工程1)で製造した生成物と酸化剤と反応させ;及び
3)工程2)で製造した生成物と有機アミン又は無機アンモニウム塩とを反応させ、生成物を得る。
前記エポキシドは
[技術的な効果]
本発明のアミン系ポリマーによれば、従来の技術案と比べて、アミン系ポリマーを燃料油清浄剤として使う際、沈積物生成の抑制性を向上することができる。
[図面の簡単な説明]
図1.実施例1で製造したビニル基含有ポリエーテル、エポキシ基含有ポリエーテル、ポリエーテルアミンの赤外線スペクトル比較グラフを示す。曲線A、B、Cは、上から下までの順にそれぞれビニル基含有ポリエーテル、エポキシ基含有ポリエーテル、ポリエーテルアミンの赤外線スペクトルを示す。
[発明の詳細な実施形態]
以下の詳細な実施形態を参照して、本発明について詳細に述べる。しかしながら、本発明の保護範囲はこれらの実施形態に限定されると解釈すべきではなく、添付の請求項によって決定されるべきである。
本発明によれば、式(A-I)のうち、pは1〜10の整数を示し、好ましくは1〜3の整数であり、より好ましくは1である。
なお、本発明によれば、式(A-I)のうち、p個ペンデント基
本発明によれば、式(A-III)のうち、aは1〜10の整数を示し、好ましくは1〜4の整数を示し、より好ましくは1、2又は3である。
本発明によれば、式(A-VI)のうち、基G'は、-OH(例えば前記式(A-V)で表されるビニル基含有ポリエーテルの-OH)と反応し、化合物G'Hを脱離化合物として生成しうる官能基であり、好ましくはハロゲン又はヒドロキシル基である。ここで、前記ハロゲンは、より好ましくは塩素である。
本発明によれば、工程B-1)及び工程B-2)では、反応圧力は、一般に1-5キログラムであり、好ましくは1-3キログラムであり、最も好ましくは1-2キログラムである。
本発明によれば、工程B-1)では、反応時間は、一般に3-20hであり、好ましくは3-11hである。工程B-2)では、反応時間は、一般に2-10hであり、好ましくは6-8hである。
本発明の清浄剤において、質量で、前記アミン系ポリマーは前記清浄剤の全体質量の10-70wt%を占め、好ましくは30-70wt%、最も好ましくは50-70wt%を占める。
本発明のアミン系ポリマー又は清浄剤は、燃料油組成物の調製に好適に使用することができる。当該燃料油組成物は沈積物生成の抑制に優れている。従って、本発明によれば、本発明の前記アミン系ポリマー、本発明の製造方法により製造したアミン系ポリマー又は本発明の前記清浄剤、及びベース燃料油を含む燃料油組成物をされに提供する。
本発明によれば、前記ベース燃料油は、例えば、鉛含有または鉛フリーのモーターガソリン、航空ガソリン、ディーゼルなどの燃料油など、火花点火式または圧縮着火式の内燃機関に使用されるベース燃料油を例示することができる。
[実施例]
以下の実施例及び比較例では、ポリエーテルアミンをアミン系ポリマーとして、実例で本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実例に限られない。当業者には、本発明の開示に基づいて他のアミノポリマーを調製し、燃料油清浄剤として使用することができることは明らかである。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
得られたポリエーテルは、以下の構造式を示した。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
窒素ガスの保護で、四つ口フラスコに966gポリエーテルと150g蟻酸を添加し、60℃に加温し、906g過酸化水素水溶液を2時間かけて四つ口フラスコに滴下し、2-8時間反応した。生成物をNaOHでpH=7.0になるように水洗した後、水洗を3回繰り返し、ロータリーエバポレーターで乾燥した後、エポキシ基含有ポリエーテルを製造した。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
1)ポリエーテルの製造。
Claims (12)
- アミン系ポリマーの主鎖が-O-基を介して下記式(I)で表される構造に結合することを特徴とするアミン系ポリマー。
- 下式(II)で表される構造を有する請求項1に記載のアミン系ポリマー。
- 前記主鎖は、p'個(p'は1〜10の整数を示し、好ましくは1〜3の整数であり、より好ましくは1であり)ヒドロキシル基を有するヒドロキシル基含有ポリマーから、p個(pは整数であり、1≦p≦p')ヒドロキシル基の水素原子を除いた構造を有する請求項1又は2に記載のアミン系ポリマー。
- 前記ヒドロキシル基含有ポリマーは、前記p'個ヒドロキシル基を有するポリエーテル及び前記p'個ヒドロキシル基を有するポリエステルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つであり、好ましくはp'個ヒドロキシル基を有するポリエーテルであり、特に好ましくはアルキレングリコールポリマーであり、特に好ましくは下式(III)で表されるポリエーテルである請求項3に記載のアミン系ポリマー。
- 下式(II-A)で表される構造又は下式(II-B)で表される構造を有するポリエーテルアミン、或いは下式(II-C)で表されるポリエーテルアミンにおいて、分子量Mnが600-2000であり、好ましくは1000-1500である請求項1又は2に記載のアミン系ポリマー。
- 下記の工程を有するアミン系ポリマーの製造方法。
1)任意的な、式(A-I)で表されるビニル基含有ポリマーを製造する工程、
2)前記ビニル基含有ポリマーと酸化剤(好ましくは酸素ガス、オゾン、過酸化水素、金属酸化物、金属超酸化物、二クロム酸又はその塩、過マンガン酸又はその塩、過酸又はその塩、次亜ハロゲン酸又はその塩、有機水素過酸化物及び有機過酸化物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つで、より好ましくは過酸化水素、有機水素過酸化物及び有機ペルオキソ酸(好ましくはC3-12有機ペルオキソ酸、より好ましくは過蟻酸、過酢酸、過酸化プロピオン酸、ペルオキシ酪酸、過安息香酸又はm-クロロペルオキシ安息香酸)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つ)とを酸化反応させて、前記ビニル基含有ポリマーの少なくとも一つ基
3)工程2)で得られた酸化生成物と下式(B-I)で表されるアミン化剤(好ましくはアンモニア、エチルアミン、プロピルアミン、エチレンジアミン、エタノールアミン及びトリエチレンテトラアミンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つ)とをアミン化反応させて、前記基
- 下記方式A)と方式B)のいずれか、又は二つの合わせで、前記工程1)を行う請求項6に記載の製造方法:
A)下式(A-II)で表されるヒドロキシル基含有ポリマーと下式(A-III)で表されるアルケニル化合物(好ましくはアリルアルコール、3-ブテン-1-オール、3-ブテン-2-オール、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール、4-ペンテン-1-オール、4-ペンテン-2-オール、4-ペンテン-3-オール、3-メチル-4-ペンテン-1-オール、2-メチル-4-ペンテン-1-オール、3-エチル-4-ペンテン1-オール、2-エチル-4-ペンテン-1-オール、3-イソブチル-4-ペンテン-1-オール、2-イソブチル4-ペンテン-1-オール、2,3-ジメチル-4-ペンテン1-オール、2,2-ジメチル-4-ペンテン1-オール、3,3-ジメチル-4-ペンテン-1-オール、5-ヘキセン-1-オール、4-メチル-5-ヘキセノール、3-メチル-5-ヘキセノール、2-メチル-5-ヘキセノール、3-エチル-5-ヘキセノール、5-ヘキセン-2-オール、5-ヘキセン-3-オール、5-ヘキセン-4-オール、6-ヘプテン-1-オール、2-メチル-6-ヘプテン-1-オール、3-メチル-6-ヘプテン-1-オール、4-メチル-6-ヘプテン-1-オール、5-メチル-6-ヘプテン-1-オール、2-エチル-6-ヘプテン-1-オール、3-エチル-6-ヘプテン-1-オール、4-エチル-6-ヘプテン-1-オール、5-エチル-6-ヘプテン-1-オール、2-メチル-7オクテン-1-オール、3-メチル-7オクテン-1-オール、4-メチル-7オクテン-1-オール、5-メチル-7オクテン-1-オール、6-メチル-7オクテン-1-オール、3-エチル-7オクテン-1-オール、9-デセン-1-オール、10-ウンデセン-1-オール、11-ドデセン-1-オール、アリルハライド、3-ブテン-1-ハライド、3-ブテン-2-ハライド、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-ハライド、4-ペンテン-1-ハライド、4-ペンテン-2-ハライド、4-ペンテン-3-ハライド、3-メチル-4-ペンテン1-ハライド、2-メチル-4-ペンテン1-ハライド、3-エチル-4-ペンテン1-ハライド、2-エチル-4-ペンテン1-ハライド、3-イソブチル4-ペンテン1-ハライド、2-イソブチル4-ペンテン1-ハライド、2,3-ジメチル-4-ペンテン1-ハライド、2,2-ジメチル-4-ペンテン1-ハライド、3,3-ジメチル-4-ペンテン1-ハライド、5-ヘキセン-1-ハライド、4-メチル-5-ヘキセンハライド、3-メチル-5-ヘキセンハライド、2-メチル-5-ヘキセンハライド、3-エチル-5-ヘキセンハライド、5-ヘキセン-2-ハライド、5-ヘキセン-3-ハライド、5-ヘキセン-4-ハライド、6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、2-メチル-6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、3-メチル-6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、4-メチル-6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、5-メチル-6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、2-エチル-6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、3-エチル-6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、4-エチル-6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、5-エチル-6-ヘプテン-1-ハライド、2-メチル-7オクテン-1-ハライド、3-メチル-7オクテン-1-ハライド、4-メチル-7オクテン-1-ハライド、5-メチル-7オクテン-1-ハライド、6-メチル-7オクテン-1-ハライド、3-エチル-7オクテン-1-ハライド、9-デセン-1-ハライド、10-ウンデセン-1-ハライド、11-ドデセン-1-ハライド、5-クロロ-1,3-ペンタジエン、6-クロロ-1,3-ヘキサジエン、5-クロロ-1,3-ヘキサジエン、6-クロロ-2,4-ヘキサジエン及び5-クロロ-2,4-ヘキサジエンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つ)を反応させ、前記式(A-I)で表されるビニル基含有ポリマーを製造し、
B)前記式(A-II)で表されるヒドロキシル基含有ポリマーを製造する際、前記式(A-III)で表されるアルケニル化合物を開始剤とする。 - 以下工程のように前記方式B)を行う請求項7に記載の製造方法。
B-1)前記式(A-III)で表されるアルケニル化合物と下式(A-IV)で表されるアルキレンオキシドの少なくとも一つ(好ましくはエチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、ブチレンオキシド、ペンテンオキシドおよびヘキシレンオキシドからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つで、より好ましくはエチレンオキシド及びプロピレンオキシドからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つ)とを反応させ、下式(A-V)で表されるビニル基含有ポリエーテルを製造し、及び
B-2)任意的には、前記工程B-1)を行う中又は行った後、下式(A-VI)で表される化合物及び前記式(A-III)で表されるアルケニル化合物から選択される少なくとも一つブロッキング剤と前記式(A-V)で表されるビニル基含有ポリエーテルを反応させ、ビニル基含有ポリエーテルの少なくとも一部を下式(A-VII)で表されるビニル基含有ポリエーテル又は下式(A-VIII)で表されるビニル基含有ポリエーテルに転化させ、
G'-R'0 (A-VI)
但し、基G'は、-OH基と反応して、化合物G'Hを脱離化合物として生成しうる官能基であり、好ましくはハロゲン(より好ましくは塩素)又はヒドロキシル基であり;基R'0は任意的に置換されるC1-50ヒドロカルビル基から選択される基であり、好ましくはC1-20直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基、一つ以上のC1-20直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基で置換されるC6-10アリール基及び一つ以上のC1-20直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基で置換されるC3-20シクロアルキル基から選択される基であり、更に好ましくはC5-15直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基、及び一つ以上のC5-15直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基で置換されるフェニルー基から選択される基である。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のアミン系ポリマー又は請求項6に記載の製造方法により製造したアミン系ポリマーの燃料油清浄剤への用途。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のアミン系ポリマー又は請求項6に記載の製造方法により製造したアミン系ポリマーと、任意的なポリオレフィン、鉱物基油及びポリエーテルから選択される一つ以上の希釈剤とを含有する燃料油清浄剤。
- 質量で、前記アミン系ポリマーは前記燃料油清浄剤の総質量の10-70wt%を占め、好ましくは30-70wt%、最も好ましくは50-70wt%を占める請求項10に記載の燃料油清浄剤。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のアミン系ポリマー、請求項6に記載の製造方法により製造したアミン系ポリマー或いは請求項10に記載の燃料油清浄剤と、ベース燃料油とを含む燃料油組成物において、
前記燃料油組成物の全質量に対して、アミン系ポリマー換算で、前記アミン系ポリマー又は前記燃料油清浄剤の添加量は30-2000mg/kgであり、好ましくは50-2000mg/kgであり、より好ましくは50-1000mg/kgである燃料油組成物。
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EP3385299A1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
SG11201804679RA (en) | 2018-08-30 |
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EP3385299B1 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
US20180362710A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 |
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