JP2018519281A - トロンボキサン受容体アンタゴニスト - Google Patents
トロンボキサン受容体アンタゴニスト Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018519281A JP2018519281A JP2017564898A JP2017564898A JP2018519281A JP 2018519281 A JP2018519281 A JP 2018519281A JP 2017564898 A JP2017564898 A JP 2017564898A JP 2017564898 A JP2017564898 A JP 2017564898A JP 2018519281 A JP2018519281 A JP 2018519281A
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、2015年6月16日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/180,317号(この内容は、参考として本明細書に援用される)の利益および優先権を主張する。
参考文献の援用
均等物
NTP4のノーザン群改変体であるNTP42〜NTP49を、それぞれHEK.TPαおよびHEK.TPβ細胞と呼ばれる、トロンボキサン(TX)A2受容体、α(TPα)およびβ(TPβ)イソ型を過剰発現する専売のHEK293細胞を使用して、カルシウム動員アッセイによって評価した。初期スクリーニングには、IC50値を決定するための、用量応答アッセイ(使用濃度0.0001μM(TPβだけ)、0.001μM、0.1μM、1μMおよび10μM(TPαおよびTPβ))、その後、より集中的な総用量応答アッセイ(濃度範囲:0.00001〜10μM)が含まれており、TXA2模倣薬U46619(1μM)に応答して動員されたカルシウムに対する化合物の効果を、非常に重要なリード化合物TP20およびNTP4と並行比較した。結果を、図1〜4および表1(n≧4)に示す。
(A)初期試験:カルシウム動員アッセイ:用量応答カルシウム動員アッセイで決定される通り、新しい化合物NTP42〜NTP49は、TPαおよびTPβ媒介性カルシウム動員を強力に阻害し、NTP42およびNTP48は、TP20よりも高い効力を示す。さらなる詳細については、図1〜4、および表1を参照されたい。2種の細胞株における効力の序列を、以下に示す。
TPα:NTP48>NTP42>NTP43>TP20>>NTP4
TPβ:NTP48>NTP42>TP20≧NTP43>NTP4 。
(B)ex vivo血小板凝集アッセイ:PAP−8E血小板凝集計を使用して実施した予備的な血小板凝集アッセイにおいて、NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48は、U46619媒介性の血小板凝集の阻害に効力を有することが実証され、その序列は、
血小板:NTP48>NTP42>TP20>NTP43≧NTP4
となる。さらなる詳細については、図5および6、ならびに表2を参照されたい。
(C)特異性(さらなる詳細については、図7、8および11〜17を参照されたい):新しい化合物の特異性を決定するための予備的なアッセイでは、NTP42〜NTP49は、IP/シカプロストまたはEP/PGE2媒介性カルシウム動員に対する効果を示さなかった。具体的には、NTP42〜NTP49は、hIP/シカプロスト媒介性またはEP/PGE2媒介性カルシウム応答に対して効果がないことが見出された。現在まで、NTP46を除き、化合物NTP44〜NTP49を、PGI2受容体、IPおよびPGE2受容体/EPによるシグナル伝達に対するそれらの効果について試験したが、新しい化合物NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48は、TP20およびNTP4と同様に、IP媒介性、EP媒介性シグナル伝達に対して効果を示さないことが確認された。データによって、新しいリード化合物NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48が、最小限の毒性および好ましい細胞透過性を示すことが確認された。
(A)初期試験:U46619媒介性カルシウム動員に対するNTP42〜NTP49の効果
先のデータと一致して、参照化合物/リードTP20およびNTP4は、HEK.TPαおよびHEK.TPβ細胞においてU46619媒介性カルシウム動員を阻害する。同様に、新しいノーザン群の改変体(NTP42〜NTP49)は、様々な度合いだが、両方の細胞株においてU46619媒介性応答を阻害する。さらにほとんどの場合、阻害レベルは、NTP4について観測されたレベルを超える。先のデータから、最も活性な新しい化合物には、NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48が含まれる。これらの化合物を、総用量応答アッセイによってさらに調査して、阻害に関するIC50値を決定した。
先のSAR研究から、TP20およびNTP4は、非常に重要なリード化合物として同定された。このことと一致して、TP20およびNTP4は、共に、HEK.TPαおよびHEK.TPβ細胞におけるU46619媒介性カルシウム動員を強力に阻害し、TPβ媒介性応答の阻害に関するIC50値は、ナノモル濃度範囲内にあることが決定付けられた(各細胞株における化合物毎の具体的な図については、表1を参照されたい)。同様に、化合物NTP42〜NTP49は、両方の細胞株において、U46619媒介性応答を強力に阻害した。特に、化合物NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48は、最も有効であり、これらを、より詳細な分析およびIC50値の決定のために選択した。IC50値は、NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48が、NTP4よりも有効にTPαおよびTPβの応答に拮抗し、すなわち、メトキシ基を、ジ−、トリ−フルオロメトキシまたは第三級アミドで置き換えることによって、有効性が改善されたことを示している。3種の化合物、NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48を、カルシウムおよび血小板凝集アッセイの両方によって、さらに特徴付けた。
(B)U46619媒介性血小板凝集に対するNTP42〜NTP49の効果:
参照化合物TP20と同様に、新しいNTP42〜NTP49化学的実体は、ex vivoでヒト血小板のU46619媒介性凝集を強力に阻害し、NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48は、最も有効である。したがって、その後のアッセイでは、U46619媒介性血小板凝集に対するNTP42、NTP43およびNTP48、ならびに参照化合物としてのTP20およびNTP4の効果を、PAP−8E血小板凝集計を使用して並行比較した。
化合物NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48は、U46619媒介性応答を阻害し、NTP42およびNTP48は、共に、TP20またはNTP4のいずれかよりも強力であった。NTP43は、U46619媒介性応答を阻害するのにNTP4と等しい効力を示した。
(C)特異性試験:hIP媒介性およびEP3媒介性カルシウム動員に対するNTP42〜NTP49の効果
イソプロスタンである8−イソ−プロスタグランジン(PG)F2αの作用に拮抗するNTP42、NTP43およびNTP48、ならびに参照としてのNTP4およびTP20の能力の実証。
8−イソ−PGF2α媒介性カルシウム動員に対するNTP42〜NTP48の効果
データによって、新しい非常に重要なリード化合物、すなわちNTP42、NTP43およびNTP48は、8−イソ−PGF2α媒介性カルシウム応答の強力な阻害剤であることが確認された。さらに、データ(先に提示)によって、NTP42、NTP43およびNTP48は、TP20およびNTP4よりも強力であることが確認される。各細胞株におけるTPアンタゴニストによる8−イソ−PGF2α媒介性カルシウム動員の阻害に関する序列は、以下の通りである。
TPα:NTP42>NTP48≧NTP43>TP20>NTP4
TPβ:NTP42≧NTP43>NTP48>TP20>NTP4 。
図11〜17は、さらなる特異性試験の例であり、NTP42およびNTP48のいずれも、その他のプロスタノイド受容体(すなわち、プロスタグランジン(PG)D2受容体、DP;PGE2受容体EP1、EP2、EP3およびEP4;PGF2α受容体、FP;PGI2/プロスタサイクリン受容体、IP)を介するシグナル伝達に対していかなる効果も示さなかったことを示している。
図19〜23は、ラットの肺動脈高血圧(PAH)のモノクロタリン(monocrotoline)(MCT)誘導性モデルにおけるNTP42の有効性を示す。手短には、雄性Wistar/Kyotoラットに、単回用量のMCT(60mg/kg、皮下)を与え、次に薬物ビヒクル、試験物質NTP42(0.25mg/kg/用量、BID)または参照化合物であるシルデナフィル(50mg/kg/用量、BID)またはTP20(0.25mg/kg/用量、BID)のいずれかで1日2回の用量(経口投薬)で28日間処置した。対照として、一群のラットを、未処置のままにし、すなわちMCTも治療薬物も与えなかった。MCT誘導後の28日目に、ラットを、心臓外科手術のために麻酔し、血行動態パラメータを記録した。その後、気管、心臓および肺をひとまとめに取り出し、心臓および肺の湿重量を記録し、次に肺を組織病理学のために回収し、固定し、処理した。
図29は、α−SMAのIHCによって評価したMCT誘導性PAHにおける血管再構築に対するNTP42の効果を示す。FFPE肺組織切片を、抗α平滑筋アクチン(α−SMA;上の図、褐色染色)抗体で免疫染色し、ヘマトキシリン(上の図、青色の核)で核対比染色し、その後、デジタル走査(Aperio Slide Scanner)を行った。上の代表的画像は、細動脈の周りの平滑筋層のα−SMA(褐色)免疫染色を示し、中(直径50〜100μm)細動脈における肺血管再構築の程度を示す。下の図は、Aperio製のImageScopeのPositive Pixelアルゴリズムv9.0を使用して評価した通り、陰性(青色)または陽性染色(黄色/赤色)の強度を示す。横スケールバーは、50μmに相当し、画像を、20倍の拡大率で取り込んだ。
表5は、NTP参照名と式の番号の対応である。左欄の任意の項目は、右欄の式と定義され、その逆も同様である。
Claims (47)
- ベンゼンスルホニル尿素を含む化合物であって、前記ベンゼンが、2位で置換ビフェニリルオキシ基によって置換されており、5位でニトリル基によって置換されており、
前記ビフェニリルオキシ基が、ハロゲン化アルキル基、ハロゲン化メトキシ基、第一級アミド、第二級アミド、第三級アミド、およびニトリル基からなる群より選択される1つによって置換されており、
前記尿素が、ハロゲン、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、アリール基、およびハロゲン化アリール基からなる群より選択される1つによって置換されている、化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - 式(I):
R1は、ハロゲン、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロシクロアルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、ハロゲン化シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン化アリール基、ハロゲン化ヘテロシクロアルキル基、ハロゲン化メトキシ基、エトキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、tert−ブトキシ基、ハロゲン化エトキシ基、ハロゲン化イソプロポキシ基、ハロゲン化tert−ブトキシ基、第一級アミド、第二級アミド、第三級アミド、OH、ハロゲン、CO2H、メチルケトン、ニトリル基、メチルエステル基、エチルエステル基、イソプロピルエステル基、tert−ブチルエステル基、ハロゲン化メチルエステル基、ハロゲン化エチルエステル基、ハロゲン化イソプロピルエステル基、およびハロゲン化tert−ブチルエステル基からなる群より選択され、
R2は、ハロゲン、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、アリール基、およびハロゲン化アリール基からなる群より選択される、化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - R1が、ハロゲン、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、ハロゲン化シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン化アリール基、ハロゲン化ヘテロシクロアルキル基、ハロゲン化メトキシ基、エトキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、tert−ブトキシ基、ハロゲン化エトキシ基、ハロゲン化イソプロポキシ基、ハロゲン化tert−ブトキシ基、第一級アミド、第二級アミド、第三級アミド、およびニトリル基からなる群より選択され、
R2が、ハロゲン、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、アリール基、およびハロゲン化アリール基からなる群より選択される、
請求項2に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - R1が、ハロゲン化アルキル基、ハロゲン化メトキシ基、第一級アミド、第二級アミド、第三級アミド、およびニトリル基からなる群より選択され、
R2が、3〜6個の炭素を有するアルキル基、および3〜6個の炭素を有するハロゲン化アルキル基からなる群より選択される、
請求項2に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - R1が、ジフルオロメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、ジフルオロメトキシ基、トリフルオロメトキシ基、第一級アミド、第二級アミド、第三級アミド、およびニトリル基からなる群より選択され、
R2が、6個またはそれ未満の炭素を有するアルキル基、および6個またはそれ未満の炭素を有するハロゲン化アルキル基からなる群より選択される、
請求項2に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - 式(II):
- R1が、ハロゲン、アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、ハロゲン化シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン化アリール基、ハロゲン化ヘテロシクロアルキル基、ハロゲン化メトキシ基、エトキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、tert−ブトキシ基、ハロゲン化エトキシ基、ハロゲン化イソプロポキシ基、ハロゲン化tert−ブトキシ基、第一級アミド、第二級アミド、第三級アミド、およびニトリル基からなる群より選択され、
R2が、2〜6個の炭素を有するアルキル基、および2〜6個の炭素を有するハロゲン化アルキル基からなる群より選択される、
請求項6に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - R1が、ハロゲン化メトキシ基および第三級アミドからなる群より選択され、
R2が、3〜5個の炭素を有するアルキル基である、
請求項6に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - R1が、ジフルオロメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、ジフルオロメトキシ基、トリフルオロメトキシ基、第一級アミド、第二級アミド、第三級アミド、およびニトリル基からなる群より選択され、
R2が、3〜5個の炭素を有するアルキル基、および3〜5個の炭素を有するハロゲン化アルキル基からなる群より選択される、
請求項6に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - 式(III):
- (IV)、(V)、(VI)、(VII)、(VIII)、(IX)、(X)、および(XI):
- (IV)、(V)、および(X):
- 式(IV):
- 式(V):
- 式(X):
- ヒトトロンボキサン(TX)A2受容体/Tプロスタノイド受容体/TPが役割を果たすヒトの疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- ヒトTPのレベルの発現が変わるヒトの疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- TXA2のレベルが上昇するヒトの疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- ヒトTPを介して作用する他の生化学的実体/リガンド(例えば、PGG2/PGH2、20−HETEまたは8−イソPGF2αを含むイソプロスタン)のレベルが上昇するヒトの疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 8−イソ−PGF2αなどの、ヒトTPを介してシグナル伝達する非酵素的なフリーラジカル由来のイソプロスタンのレベルが上昇するヒトの疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 肺動脈高血圧(PAH)の処置において使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 肺動脈高血圧(PAH)の処置に承認されている他の1種または複数種の薬物と併用される、PAHの処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物が、肺動脈圧を測定するための埋込式センサーと併用するためのものであり、このような化合物の治療的な投与または治療的な投薬が、測定されたこのような肺動脈圧の変化に対して最適化または調整される、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 血栓症の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 微小血管血栓症の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 心血管疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 1型または2型真性糖尿病と関連する心血管疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 過度の血小板凝集と関連するアテローム血栓症の防止に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 虚血性脳卒中の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 一過性虚血発作(TIA)の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 急性冠症候群の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 肺疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 喘息の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 腎疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 前立腺疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 良性前立腺肥大(BPH)の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 炎症性疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 新生物疾患の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- がんの処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 脳卒中の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- がんを処置するための免疫調節薬と併用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 平滑筋細胞機能の調節不全の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 高血圧の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 外科ステント留置後の再狭窄の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 内皮細胞機能の調節不全の処置に使用するための、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の化合物を含む埋込式医療デバイス。
- ステント、バルーン、ステントグラフト、人工弁、シャント(shut)、および腹部大動脈弁からなる群より選択される1つを含む、請求項46に記載のデバイス。
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US10966994B2 (en) | 2021-04-06 |
CA2989271A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
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