JP2018176344A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of simplifying a structure, and capable of restraining generation of vibration.SOLUTION: A workpiece cross-sectional shape is a shape in which one workpiece projection part C projecting outward in the radial direction from a workpiece reference inscribed circle S1 is provided in the circumferential direction, or a shape in which workpiece projection parts C are provided at unequal intervals in the circumferential direction, or a regular polygonal shape in which workpiece projection parts C are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A processing tool 60 comprises a blade surface 62 formed in an outer peripheral line shape corresponding to the workpiece cross-sectional shape on an end surface in a rotational axis L2 direction of the processing tool 60. The outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 62 is formed so that the number of blade surface recessed parts 63 recessed inward in the radial direction from a blade surface circumscribed circle S2 corresponds to that of the workpiece projection parts C. A machine tool 1 synchronously rotates the processing tool 60 with a workpiece W1 so that the blade surface recessed parts 63 come into contact with the workpiece projection parts C.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a lathe for turning a non-perfectly circular workpiece having a convex portion. In the lathe described in Patent Document 1, the X-axis feed motor and the Y-axis feed motor are controlled in synchronization with the rotation of the spindle such that the cutting edge of the cutting tool always contacts the X-axis direction maximum outer diameter portion of the workpiece.

  Further, according to Patent Document 2, the central axis of the processing tool and the central axis of the workpiece are twisted to synchronize the rotation of the workpiece with the rotation of the processing tool, and for processing the workpiece. There is disclosed a technique of creating a gear on a workpiece with a plurality of protruding tool edges provided on the outer periphery of a processing tool by causing the tool to travel straight in the central axis direction of the workpiece.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 5-237703 Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2017-19034

  When machining a workpiece using the lathe described in Patent Document 1 described above, while moving the saddle in the Z-axis direction, the cutting tool is reciprocated in the Y-axis direction so that the cutting edge of the cutting tool always contacts the workpiece The structure is complicated because it is necessary. Furthermore, the reciprocating movement of the cutting tool in the Y-axis direction causes vibrations that deteriorate the processing accuracy.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool capable of simplifying the structure and suppressing the occurrence of vibration.

  The machine tool of the present invention uses a processing tool having a rotational axis inclined with respect to a parallel line of the rotational axis of the workpiece, and rotates the processing tool in synchronization with the workpiece while rotating in the rotational axis direction of the workpiece It is a machine tool which creates the said workpiece in a desired external shape by carrying out relative feeding operation. The circle is defined as a workpiece standard inscribed circle when a circle centered on the rotation axis of the workpiece is inscribed with respect to the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis direction of the workpiece after machining . The workpiece cross-sectional shape is a shape in which one workpiece convex portion protruding radially outward from the workpiece reference inscribed circle is provided in the circumferential direction, or the workpiece convex portion is unequal in the circumferential direction. It is a shape provided at intervals, or a regular polygon shape in which the workpiece convex portions are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  The processing tool has a blade surface formed in an outer peripheral line shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece on an end face in the rotation axis direction of the processing tool. The circle is defined as a blade surface reference circumscribed circle when a circle centered on the rotation axis of the processing tool circumscribes the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface. The outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface is formed such that the number of blade surface concave portions recessed inward in the radial direction from the blade surface standard circumscribed circle corresponds to the workpiece convex portion, and the machine tool The processing tool is synchronously rotated with respect to the workpiece such that the blade surface concave portion is in contact with the convex portion.

  According to the machine tool of the present invention, the machine tool synchronously rotates the processing tool and the workpiece such that the blade surface concave portion is in contact with the workpiece convex portion. In that state, the machine tool sends the processing tool to the workpiece in the direction of the rotation axis of the workpiece. In this case, the machine tool can generate the workpiece to a desired outer shape by sending the machining tool in one direction with respect to the workpiece, so the structure of the machine tool can be simplified and vibration is generated. Can be suppressed.

It is a top view of the machine tool in one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the workpiece cross-sectional shape of a workpiece. It is an enlarged view of the processing tool seen from the rotation-axis direction one side of the processing tool, and shows the outer-periphery shape of a blade surface. It is an expanded sectional view of the processing tool. It is the figure which looked at the state which processes a workpiece by the processing tool from the rotation axis direction of a workpiece. It is the figure which looked at the state which processes a workpiece by the processing tool from the IVB direction shown to FIG. 4A. It is the figure which looked at the state which processes a workpiece by the processing tool from IVC direction shown to FIG. 4A. It is a figure which shows the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece in a 1st modification. It is the figure which expanded the peripheral line shape of the blade surface of the processing tool in a 1st modification. It is the figure which looked at the state which processes a workpiece by the processing tool from Z direction. It is a figure which shows the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece in a 2nd modification. It is the figure which expanded the outer periphery line shape of the blade surface of the tool for processing in a 2nd modification. It is the figure which looked at the state which processes a workpiece by the processing tool from Z direction.

(1. Overall configuration of machine tool 1)
Hereinafter, an embodiment to which a machine tool according to the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. First, with reference to FIG. 1, the whole structure of the machine tool 1 in one embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool 1 is a compound processing machine having three rectilinear axes (X axis, Y axis and Z axis) orthogonal to one another and one rotation axis as drive axes. The machine tool 1 includes a bed 10, a headstock 20, a tailstock 30, a traverse base 41, a traverse table 42, a turntable 43, a column 51, a saddle 52, a tool spindle 53, and machining. Mainly comprises a tool 60 and a control device 100.

  Bed 10 is placed on the floor. The headstock 20 is fixed on the bed 10. The headstock 20 includes a workpiece spindle 21 that rotates about an axis parallel to the Z-axis direction, and a motor 22 that applies a driving force to rotate the workpiece spindle 21. The headstock 20 rotatably supports one end of a workpiece W1 to be processed by the workpiece spindle 21 and rotationally drives the workpiece W1 by a motor 22. The tailstock 30 is provided on the bed 10 at a position facing the headstock 20 and supports the other end of the workpiece W1.

  The traverse base 41 is provided movably in the Z-axis direction with respect to the bed 10. A screw feed mechanism 41 a for applying a driving force for moving the traverse base 41 in the Z-axis direction is provided on the upper surface of the bed 10, and the traverse base 41 is driven by the screw feed mechanism 41 a to move the Z axis Move in the direction.

  The traverse table 42 is provided movably in the X-axis direction with respect to the bed 10 and the traverse base 41. A screw feed mechanism 42a for applying a driving force for moving the traverse table 42 in the X-axis direction is provided on the upper surface of the traverse base 41, and the traverse table 42 is driven by the screw feed mechanism 42a to perform X Move in the axial direction.

  The turntable 43 is provided rotatably with respect to the traverse table 42 about an axis parallel to the Y-axis. A table motor (not shown) is provided on the bottom of the traverse table 42, and the turntable 43 is driven by the table motor to rotate about an axis parallel to the Y axis.

  The column 51 is provided on the upper surface of the turntable 43, and rotates around an axis parallel to the Y-axis as the turntable 43 rotates. That is, the column 51 is provided rotatably about an axis parallel to the Y axis with respect to the bed 10. The saddle 52 is provided movably in the Y-axis direction with respect to the side surface of the column 51. The tool spindle 53 is rotatably provided by a motor (not shown) accommodated in the saddle 52.

  The processing tool 60 is integrally rotated with the tool spindle 53 by being held by the tool spindle 53. The processing tool 60 includes a blade 61 that performs processing on the workpiece W1. The machine tool 1 processes the workpiece W1 by bringing the blade portion 61 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W1 while rotating the processing tool 60.

  The control device 100 controls the rotation of the workpiece W1 and the processing tool 60, and controls the positions of the traverse base 41, the traverse table 42 and the saddle 52, and the rotation angle of the turntable 43. The control device 100 rotates the processing tool 60 in synchronization with the workpiece W1 in a state in which the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60 is inclined with respect to the parallel line of the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1. By relatively performing the feeding operation in the direction of the rotation axis L1, the workpiece W1 is created in a desired outer shape. The control device 100 may perform the feeding operation of the workpiece W1 instead of performing the feeding operation of the processing tool 60 as an operation of performing the relative feeding operation of the processing tool 60 and the workpiece W. .

  The machine tool 1 may be a horizontal machining center or a vertical machining center. Then, the machine tool 1 additionally provides a drive axis orthogonal to either the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1 or the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60, whereby the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1 and the processing tool The relative angle with the 60 rotation axis L2 may be adjustable. Furthermore, the machine tool 1 may be provided with a tool exchange device for exchanging the processing tool 60 in accordance with the processing step (rough processing step, finish processing step, etc.).

(2. Shapes of the workpiece W1 and the processing tool 60)
Next, the shape of the workpiece W1 to be processed in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the workpiece W <b> 1 is a cam including a portion (cam portion) protruding radially outward. Further, in the present embodiment, the case where one cam portion is provided on the workpiece W1 will be described as an example, but even in the case where two or more cam portions are provided according to the specification of the product (workpiece after processing) It is possible to apply the present invention.

  Here, a virtual circle centered on the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1, which is inscribed with respect to the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis direction of the workpiece W1 after machining It is defined as a circle S1. In this case, the machine tool 1 (see FIG. 1) has the workpiece convex portion C projecting radially outward from the workpiece standard inscribed circle S1 of the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W1 which is a cam. It is regarded as one provided in the circumferential direction of.

  Subsequently, the shape of the blade portion 61 of the processing tool 60 used for processing the workpiece W1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B. As shown to FIG. 3A, the blade part 61 of the processing tool 60 is equipped with the blade surface 62 formed in the outer-periphery part of the end surface which faces one side of the rotation axis L2 direction of the processing tool 60. As shown in FIG. The blade surface 62 is a portion that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W1 when processing the workpiece W1 (see FIG. 2), and the peripheral length of the outer peripheral shape of the blade surface 62 is that of the workpiece W1 after processing. It is set to twice the perimeter of the workpiece cross-sectional shape. Further, the blade surface 62 is formed in an outer peripheral line shape corresponding to the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W1, and in the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 62, the blade surface corresponding to the workpiece convex portion C (see FIG. 2) Recesses 63 are included.

  Here, it is a virtual circle centered on the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60 and is a circle that circumscribes the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 62 seen from the direction of the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60 Is defined as "blade surface standard circumscribed circle S2". In this case, the blade surface recess 63 is a portion of the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 62 that is recessed radially inward from the blade surface reference circumscribed circle S2. In addition, since the peripheral length of the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 62 is set to twice the peripheral length of the workpiece cross sectional shape of the workpiece W 1, the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 62 is two blade surface concave portions 63 It becomes a shape including (the blade surface recessed part 63 twice the workpiece convex part C).

  Moreover, as shown to FIG. 3B, the outer peripheral surface of the blade part 61 of the tool 60 for processing is formed in the shape parallel to the rotation axis L2 direction of the tool 60 for processing. That is, no flank is formed in the processing tool 60. In addition, a rake surface may be formed on the end face of the blade portion 61 facing the rotational axis L2 direction one side of the processing tool 60. Further, the rake surface may have a shape in which the side of the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60 is recessed, or may be formed as a part of the outer peripheral line of the blade surface 62.

(3. Operation mode at the time of processing)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4C, operation modes of the workpiece W1 and the processing tool 60 at the time of processing will be described. A virtual plane (YZ plane) passing through the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1 and a predetermined reference point P0 on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W1 is defined as a reference plane I. Further, in the workpiece W1 before machining, a machining allowance is left on the outer peripheral surface of a portion to be machined by the machining tool 60.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, when viewed from the direction of the rotation axis L1 (Z-axis direction) of the workpiece W1, the processing point P of the processing tool 60 for the workpiece W1 is set at a position offset from the reference point P0. Be done. In other words, the processing point P is set at a position where the reference point P0 is out of phase by a predetermined angle (offset angle α) around the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, when viewed from the direction (X-axis direction) orthogonal to the reference plane I, the workpiece W1 and the processing tool 60 are for processing with the projection line of the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1 It is arrange | positioned so that the projection line of the rotation axis L2 of the tool 60 may become parallel.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4C, the workpiece W1 and the processing tool 60 are in a direction (Y-axis direction) orthogonal to a plane (ZX plane) including the rotational axis L1 of the workpiece W1 and the rotational axis L2 of the processing tool 60. ), The projection line of the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1 and the projection line of the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60 are arranged to intersect with each other on the side where the blade surface 62 faces.

  The control device 100 rotates the workpiece W1 and the processing tool 60 in synchronization with the workpiece W1 while arranging the workpiece W1 and the processing tool 60 in the positional relationship illustrated in FIGS. 4A to 4C. Thus, the processing tool 60 is fed in the direction of the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W1.

  Here, the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 62 of the processing tool 60 is formed in an outer peripheral line shape corresponding to the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W1. Then, the machine tool 1 rotates the processing tool 60 with respect to the workpiece W1 while rotating the processing tool 60 and the workpiece W1 synchronously so that the blade surface concave portion 63 contacts the workpiece convex portion C. It sends in the direction of the rotation axis L1 of W1. As described above, the machine tool 1 can perform machining continuously and efficiently by machining by feeding the machining tool 60 in one direction with respect to the workpiece W1. Furthermore, since the machine tool 1 can create the workpiece W1 into a desired outer shape using one processing tool 60, the structure of the machine tool 1 can be simplified. Further, in this case, the machine tool 1 can suppress the occurrence of vibration as compared to the case where the workpiece W is processed while reciprocating the processing tool 60.

  Furthermore, the machine tool 1 can change the workpiece W1 and the processing tool 60 in FIGS. 4A to 4C with respect to the crossing angle between the rotational axis L1 of the workpiece W1 and the rotational axis L2 of the processing tool 60 and the offset angle α. By arranging in the positional relationship as shown in the above, at the processing point P, a clearance angle can be formed between the outer peripheral surface of the processing tool 60 and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W1. That is, the machine tool 1 can provide a clearance angle (a flank) even if the flank 61 is not formed on the blade 61. Therefore, since the machine tool 1 does not need to separately provide a drive shaft for forming a clearance angle, the structure can be simplified.

  In addition, since the outer peripheral surface of the processing tool 60 is formed in a shape parallel to the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60, the processing tool 60 has the blade surface 62 when the blade portion 61 is repolished. It is possible to prevent the deformation of the outer peripheral line shape. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can maintain the processing accuracy with respect to the workpiece W1 even when the blade portion 61 of the processing tool 60 is re-polished. As a result, the machine tool 1 can extend the life of the processing tool 60.

  Here, since the number of the blade surface concave portions 63 provided on the blade surface 62 is set to twice that of the workpiece convex portion C provided on the workpiece W 1, the processing tool 60 is rotated when the processing tool 60 is rotated. The movement of the center of gravity of the tool 60 can be suppressed. As a result, since the machine tool 1 can suppress the rotational runout of the processing tool 60 at the time of processing, the processing accuracy for the workpiece W1 can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, one workpiece convex portion C is provided in the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W1, and two blade surface concave portions 63 are provided on the blade surface 62 of the processing tool 60. Although the above has been described by way of example, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the number of the blade surface concave portions 63 provided on the blade surface 62 may be an integral multiple of twice or more of the number of the workpiece convex portions C provided on the workpiece cross-sectional shape. Also in this case, since the machine tool 1 can suppress the movement of the center of gravity of the processing tool 60 when the processing tool 60 is rotated, the processing accuracy with respect to the workpiece W1 can be improved.

  Here, in processing the workpiece W by the processing tool 60, chips are generated. In this regard, the machine tool 1 may be provided with a cylindrical cover portion S2 (details are not shown) covering the outer peripheral line shape of the processing tool 60. In this case, since the machine tool 1 can guide the generated chips between the processing tool 60 and the cover portion S2 and can discharge the chips, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of defects due to the chips. Further, the cover portion S2 may include two cylindrical members having different outer diameters, and the small diameter cylindrical member may be disposed inside the large diameter cylindrical member. In this case, the processing tool 60 is disposed inside the small diameter cylindrical member, and the generated chips are guided between the large diameter cylindrical member and the small diameter cylindrical member and discharged.

  Moreover, the machine tool 1 may be equipped with the laser irradiation apparatus which irradiates the laser beam for cutting the produced | generated chip. In this case, the machine tool 1 monitors the rotational state of the processing tool 60 and the workpiece W and the generation state (position, size, etc.) of chips with a non-contact sensor (optical sensor or infrared sensor) or the like. And machine tool 1 irradiates a laser beam to chips, when a fault by chips is likely to occur. Thereby, the machine tool 1 can cut a chip short or add a cut to the chip that facilitates cutting.

(4. Modification)
Next, the external shape of another workpiece which is different in shape from the workpiece W1 in the above-described embodiment and can be processed using the machine tool 1 will be described by way of an example.

(4-1: first modification)
A first modification will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 6. As shown to FIG. 5A, the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W2 in a 1st modification is non-perfect circle. In this case, in the machine tool 1, the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W2 is such that two workpiece convex portions C protruding radially from the workpiece reference inscribed circle S1 are not equally spaced in the circumferential direction of the workpiece W2 It is regarded as the provided shape. Then, in a state where the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 260 is inclined with respect to the parallel line of the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W2, the control device 100 rotates the processing tool 260 in synchronization with the workpiece W2. By relatively performing the feeding operation in the direction of the rotation axis L1 of W2, the workpiece W1 is created in a desired outer shape.

  As shown to FIG. 5B, the blade surface 262 of the processing tool 260 in a 1st modification is formed in the outer periphery line shape corresponding to the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W2. Further, a circle circumscribing the outer peripheral line shape is referred to as a blade surface standard circumscribed circle S2. The peripheral length of the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 262 is set to be equal to the peripheral length of the workpiece cross sectional shape of the workpiece W2, and the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 262 has two blade surface recesses 263 (workpiece convex portion C The shape includes the same number of blade surface recesses 263).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the machine tool 1 rotates the processing tool 260 and the workpiece W2 in synchronization with each other so that the processing tool 260 rotates one turn each time the processing tool 260 rotates one turn. In contrast, the processing tool 260 is sent in the direction of the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W2. Thereby, the machine tool 1 can maintain the state in which the blade surface 262 of the processing tool 260 and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W2 are in contact, and can create the workpiece W2 into a desired outer shape. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can simplify the structure and can suppress the occurrence of vibration.

  In the first modification described above, the workpiece W2 including two workpiece convex portions C provided at irregular intervals in the circumferential direction is described as an example of the workpiece cross-sectional shape after machining. It is not limited to this. That is, the machine tool 1 can perform machining also on other workpieces in which three or more workpiece convex portions C are provided at unequal intervals in the workpiece cross-sectional shape after machining.

(4-2: second modification)
Subsequently, a second modification will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 8. As shown to FIG. 7A, the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W3 in a 2nd modification is a regular hexagon. In this case, the machine tool 1 regards the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W3 as a shape in which six workpiece convex portions C are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the workpiece W3.

  As shown to FIG. 7B, the blade surface 362 of the processing tool 360 in a 2nd modification is formed in the outer periphery line shape corresponding to the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W3. Further, the peripheral length of the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 362 is set to 1⁄2 of the peripheral length of the workpiece cross sectional shape of the workpiece W3, and the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface 362 has three blade surface recesses 363 (machining It becomes a shape including the blade surface recessed part 363 of 1/2 of the object convex part C.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the machine tool 1 rotates the processing tool 360 and the workpiece W3 in synchronization with the workpiece W3 so that the workpiece W3 rotates once every three rotations of the processing tool 360. In contrast, the processing tool 360 is sent in the direction of the rotation axis L1 of the workpiece W3. Thereby, the machine tool 1 can maintain the state in which the blade surface 362 of the processing tool 360 and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W3 are in contact, and can create the workpiece W3 into a desired outer shape. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can simplify the structure and can suppress the occurrence of vibration. Furthermore, since the number of the blade surface concave portions 363 is set to one half of the number of the workpiece convex portions C, the machine tool 1 can be miniaturized.

  In addition, although the case where the workpiece cross-sectional shape after processing is a regular hexagon was mentioned as an example and demonstrated in the above-mentioned 2nd modification, it is not restricted to this. That is, the machine tool 1 can perform machining also on other workpieces in which the workpiece cross-sectional shape after machining is a regular polygon other than a regular hexagon. Further, in the second modification described above, six workpiece convex portions C are provided in the workpiece cross sectional shape of the workpiece W3, and three blade surface concave portions 263 are provided on the blade surface 362 of the processing tool 360 Although the case where it is provided has been described as an example, it is not limited thereto. That is, when the workpiece cross-sectional shape after processing is a regular hexagon, the number of the blade surface recesses 363 may be a divisor of the number of the workpiece convex portions C. Then, the machine tool 1 sets the number of the blade surface concaves 363 to a value that is two or more and a divisor of the number of the workpiece convex portions C, whereby the rotational runout of the processing tool 60 during processing is performed. Can be suppressed, so that the processing accuracy for the workpiece W3 can be improved.

  As described above, in the machine tool 1, the workpiece cross-sectional shape of the workpieces W1, W2, and W3 after machining has a shape in which one workpiece convex portion C is provided, or the workpiece convex portion C is circumferential Machining can be performed in the case where the shapes provided at unequal intervals in the direction or the regular convex shapes where the workpiece convex portions C are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  The machining tools 60, 260, 360 are formed such that the number of the blade surface concave portions 63, 263, 363 corresponds to the workpiece convex portion C in the outer peripheral surface shape of the blade surfaces 62, 262, 362. Just do it. Thereby, the machine tool 1 rotates the processing tools 60, 260, 360 to the workpieces W1, W2, W3 while synchronously rotating the processing tools 60, 260, 360 and the workpieces W1, W2, W3. A state in which the blade surfaces 62, 262, 362 of the processing tools 60, 260, 360 contact the outer peripheral surfaces of the workpieces W1, W2, W3 by sending them in the direction of the rotational axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2, W3. It can be maintained and the workpieces W1, W2, W3 can be created to the desired profile. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can simplify the structure and can suppress the occurrence of vibration.

(5. Other)
As mentioned above, although the present invention was explained based on each above-mentioned embodiment, the present invention is not limited at all by the above-mentioned each form, and various modification improvement is possible within the range which does not deviate from the meaning of the present invention It can be easily guessed.

  In each embodiment described above, the outer peripheral surface of the processing tool 60, 260, 360 is formed in a shape parallel to the direction of the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60, 260, 360, and escapes to the blade portion 61, 261, 361. Although the case where a surface is not provided is mentioned as an example and explained, it is not necessarily limited to this, and a flank may be provided in blade parts 61, 261, and 361. In this case, the machine tool 1 may set the reference point P0 as the processing point P. In each of the above-described embodiments, the twisting angles of the processing tools 60, 260, 360 are set based on the crossing angles with the workpieces W1, W2, W3.

(6. Effect)
As described above, the machine tool 1 of the present invention uses the processing tool 60, 260, 360 having the rotation axis L2 inclined with respect to the parallel line of the rotation axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2, W3 for processing The workpieces W1, W2 and W3 are desired by relatively feeding in the direction of the rotational axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2 and W3 while synchronously rotating the tools 60, 260 and 360 with the workpieces W1, W2 and W3. Machine tool 1 created on the outer shape of

  When a circle centered on the axis of rotation L1 of the workpieces W1, W2 and W3 is inscribed with respect to the workpiece cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the direction of the axis of rotation L1 of the workpieces W1, W2 and W3 after machining It defines as a workpiece standard inscribed circle S1. The workpiece cross-sectional shape is a shape in which one workpiece convex portion C protruding radially outward from the workpiece reference inscribed circle S1 is provided in the circumferential direction, or the workpiece convex portion C is unequal in the circumferential direction. It has a shape provided at intervals, or a regular polygon shape in which workpiece convex portions C are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  The processing tools 60, 260, 360 have blade surfaces 62, 262, 362 formed in the outer peripheral line shape corresponding to the workpiece cross-sectional shape on the end face of the processing tools 60, 260, 360 in the direction of the rotational axis L2. . A circle is defined as a blade surface reference circumscribed circle S2 when a circle centered on the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60, 260, 360 circumscribes the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surfaces 62, 262, 362. The outer peripheral line shapes of the blade surfaces 62, 262, 362 are formed such that the number of blade surface recesses 63, 263, 363 recessed inward in the radial direction from the blade surface reference circumscribed circle S2 corresponds to the workpiece convex portion C. The machine tool 1 synchronously rotates the processing tools 60, 260, 360 with respect to the workpieces W1, W2, W3 so that the blade surface concave portions 63, 263, 363 contact the workpiece convex portions C.

  According to this machine tool 1, the blade surfaces 62, 262, 362 of the processing tools 60, 260, 360 are formed in the outer peripheral line shape corresponding to the workpiece cross-sectional shape. Then, the machine tool 1 synchronously rotates the processing tools 60, 260, 360 and the workpieces W1, W2, W3 so that the blade surface concave portions 63, 263, 363 contact the workpiece convex portions C. In that state, the machine tool 1 sends the processing tools 60, 260, 360 to the workpieces W1, W2, W3 in the direction of the rotation axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2, W3. In this case, the machine tool 1 can generate the workpieces W1, W2, W3 into desired shapes by sending the processing tools 60, 260, 360 in one direction with respect to the workpieces W1, W2, W3. As it is possible, the structure of the machine tool 1 can be simplified and the occurrence of vibration can be suppressed.

  In the machine tool 1 described above, the outer peripheral surfaces of the processing tools 60, 260, 360 are formed in a shape parallel to the direction of the rotation axis L2 of the processing tools 60, 260, 360. A plane passing through the rotation axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2 and W3 and a predetermined reference point P0 on the outer peripheral surface of the workpieces W1, W2 and W3 is defined as a reference plane I. When viewed from the direction orthogonal to the reference plane I, the projection line of the rotation axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2, W3 and the projection line of the rotation axis L2 of the processing tools 60, 260, 360 are arranged in parallel Ru. The processing point P of the processing tools 60, 260, 360 for the workpieces W1, W2, W3 is set at a position offset from the reference point P0 when viewed from the direction of the rotational axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2, W3. Be done.

  Projection of the rotation axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2, W3 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to a plane including the rotation axis L1 of the workpieces W1, W2, W3 and the rotation axis L2 of the processing tools 60, 260, 360 The line intersects with the projection line of the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60, 260, 360 on the side where the blade faces 62, 262, 362 face.

  According to this machine tool 1, the outer peripheral surface of the processing tool 60, 260, 360 is formed in a shape parallel to the rotation axis L2 of the processing tool 60, 260, 360. Therefore, the processing tool 60, 260, 360 When re-grinding is performed, it is possible to prevent the deformation of the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surfaces 62, 262, 362. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can maintain the processing accuracy for the workpieces W1, W2 and W3 even when the processing tools 60, 260 and 360 are re-polished.

  Further, the machine tool 1 can form a clearance angle between the outer peripheral surface of the processing tool 60, 260, 360 and the outer peripheral surface of the workpieces W1, W2, W3 at the processing point P. In this case, even if the machine tool 1 does not form a flank on the processing tool 60, 260, 360, there is no need to separately provide a drive shaft for forming a clearance angle, so the structure can be simplified. .

  In the machine tool 1 described above, the number of the blade surface recesses 63 is an integral multiple of twice or more the number of the workpiece convex portions C. The machine tool 1 can suppress movement of the center of gravity of the processing tool 60 when the processing tool 60 is rotated. Therefore, since the machine tool 1 can suppress the rotational runout of the processing tool 60 at the time of processing, the processing accuracy for the workpiece W1 can be improved.

  In the machine tool 1 described above, the workpiece cross-sectional shape is a regular polygonal shape in which the workpiece convex portions C are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the number of blade surface concave portions 363 is two or more, and It is a divisor of the number of workpiece convex portions C. The machine tool 1 can suppress movement of the center of gravity of the processing tool 360 when the processing tool 360 is rotated. Therefore, since the machine tool 1 can suppress the rotational runout of the processing tool 360 at the time of processing, the processing accuracy with respect to the workpiece W1 can be improved.

  The machine tool 1 described above is provided with a cover portion S2 that covers the outer peripheral line shape of the processing tools 60, 260, 360. According to this machine tool 1, the generated chips can be guided between the processing tool 60 and the cover portion S2 and discharged, so that the machine tool 1 can prevent the occurrence of a defect due to the chips.

  1: Machine tool, 60, 260, 360: Tool for processing, 62, 262, 362: Blade face, 63, 263, 363: Blade face recess, C: Workpiece convex part, I: Reference plane, L1: Workpiece Axis of rotation, L2: Axis of rotation of the processing tool, P: Machining point, P0: Reference point, S1: Workpiece reference inscribed circle, S2: Cutting face reference circumscribed circle (cover part), W1, W2, W3: Workpiece

Claims (5)

Using the processing tool having a rotational axis inclined with respect to the parallel line of the rotational axis of the workpiece, relatively feeding operation in the direction of the rotational axis of the workpiece while synchronously rotating the processing tool with the workpiece A machine tool for creating the workpiece into a desired outer shape by
The circle is defined as a workpiece standard inscribed circle when a circle centered on the rotation axis of the workpiece is inscribed with respect to the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece orthogonal to the rotation axis direction of the workpiece after machining. ,
The workpiece cross-sectional shape is a shape in which one workpiece convex portion protruding radially outward from the workpiece reference inscribed circle is provided in the circumferential direction, or the workpiece convex portion is unequal in the circumferential direction. A shape provided at intervals, or a regular polygon shape in which the workpiece convex portions are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction,
The processing tool has a blade surface formed in an outer peripheral line shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece on an end surface of the processing tool in the rotational axis direction,
The circle is defined as a blade surface reference circumscribed circle when a circle centered on the rotation axis of the processing tool circumscribes the outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface,
The outer peripheral line shape of the blade surface is formed such that the number of blade surface concave portions recessed inward in the radial direction from the blade surface standard circumscribed circle corresponds to the workpiece convex portion,
The machine tool synchronously rotates the processing tool with respect to the workpiece such that the blade surface concave portion is in contact with the workpiece convex portion. The outer peripheral surface of the processing tool is formed in a shape parallel to the rotation axis direction of the processing tool,
A plane passing through the rotation axis of the workpiece and a predetermined reference point on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece is defined as a reference surface,
When viewed from the direction orthogonal to the reference plane, the projection line of the rotation axis of the workpiece and the projection line of the rotation axis of the processing tool are arranged in parallel,
The processing point of the processing tool for the workpiece is set at a position offset from the reference point when viewed from the rotational axis direction of the workpiece.
When viewed from a direction orthogonal to a plane including the rotation axis of the workpiece and the rotation axis of the processing tool, the projection line of the rotation axis of the workpiece and the projection line of the rotation axis of the processing tool are The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the blade faces intersect at a side to which the blade face faces.   The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the blade surface concaves is an integral multiple of 2 or more of the number of the workpiece convexes. The workpiece cross-sectional shape is a regular polygonal shape in which the workpiece convex portions are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction,
The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the blade surface concaves is two or more and a divisor of the number of the workpiece convexes.   The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the machine tool includes a cover that covers an outer peripheral line shape of the processing tool.

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