JP2018102597A - Pressure detection chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

A pressure detection chamber capable of efficiently extracting air from a blood chamber during priming is provided.
A pressure detection chamber 32A includes a hollow detection container 44 in which a blood chamber 34 and an air chamber 36 are provided. The detection container 44 includes a circuit connection port 56 that communicates with the blood chamber 34 and is connected to the blood circulation circuit 12, and a port that is not connected to the blood circulation circuit 12. The detection container 44 communicates with the blood chamber 34 and is connected to the blood circulation circuit 12. An air vent port 58 for venting air from the blood chamber 34 at the time of priming 12 is provided.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressure detection chamber used for pressure measurement in a blood circulation circuit.

  Conventionally, a pressure detection chamber has been used to measure the pressure in the blood circulation circuit of an extracorporeal circulation device (such as an oxygenator). As a conventional example of the pressure detection chamber, a configuration including a hollow container and a diaphragm that partitions the inside of the container into a blood chamber communicating with the blood circulation circuit and an air chamber communicating with the pressure sensor is known ( For example, see Patent Document 1 below).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-106253

  By the way, the blood circulation circuit generally performs an operation (priming) of filling the circuit with a liquid (priming liquid) such as physiological saline before use. In priming, it is necessary to fill the circuit with a priming solution using a syringe. However, in this filling operation, it is not easy to remove air (bubbles) from the blood chamber of the pressure detection chamber, and it is difficult to efficiently perform priming.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a pressure detection chamber capable of efficiently extracting air from a blood chamber during priming.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a hollow detection container and a diaphragm that partitions the inside of the detection container into a blood chamber and an air chamber, and the detection container communicates with the blood chamber. And a circuit connection port connected to the blood circulation circuit, and a port not connected to the blood circulation circuit, which communicates with the blood chamber and is used to vent air from the blood chamber when the blood circulation circuit is primed And a port for use.

  According to the pressure detection chamber of the present invention having the above-described configuration, when the priming liquid is injected into the blood circulation circuit during priming of the blood circulation circuit, the priming liquid flows into the blood chamber from the circuit connection port, and the air is vented. Discharged from the port. At this time, air (bubbles) in the blood chamber is discharged from the air vent port. For this reason, the air in the blood chamber can be easily removed during priming. Therefore, according to this pressure detection chamber, priming can be performed efficiently.

  The detection container has a blood container part in which the blood chamber is formed, and the blood container part is positioned relatively higher than other parts of the blood container part. There may be a corner portion for concentrating the air when the posture of the portion is held, and the air vent port may be provided at or near the corner portion.

  With this configuration, when the corner portion is directed upward during priming, air collects at the inflow opening of the air vent port, so that air can be vented from the blood chamber more efficiently.

  The blood container portion includes a cylindrical peripheral wall portion and a conical portion that projects from the peripheral wall portion on the opposite side to the diaphragm, and the corner portion is a connection between the peripheral wall portion and the conical portion. It may be a place.

  With this configuration, air can be favorably collected at a position where the inflow opening of the air vent port is provided at the time of priming without providing a special shape portion.

  The blood container part has a cylindrical peripheral wall part and an end wall part that is connected to the peripheral wall part on the opposite side of the diaphragm and faces the diaphragm, and the circuit connection port is tangential to the peripheral wall part The air vent port may be provided in the end wall portion.

  With this configuration, a swirl flow due to the priming liquid is formed in the blood chamber, and the air in the blood chamber can flow together with the swirl flow and be efficiently discharged from the air vent port.

  The circuit connection port and the air vent port may be provided in parallel to each other.

  With this configuration, for example, when the blood container portion is formed by injection molding, the blood container portion including the circuit connection port and the air vent port is formed without using a molding die having a complicated structure. be able to.

  The circuit connection port and the air vent port may be provided non-parallel to each other.

  Even with such a configuration, air in the blood chamber can be efficiently extracted through the air vent port during priming.

  The circuit connection port and the air vent port may protrude in opposite directions.

  Even with such a configuration, air in the blood chamber can be efficiently extracted through the air vent port during priming.

  According to the pressure detection chamber of the present invention, priming can be performed efficiently.

1 is an overall schematic diagram of an extracorporeal circulation device. It is sectional drawing of the pressure detection chamber which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the pressure detection chamber. It is a schematic explanatory drawing at the time of priming of the blood circulation circuit. It is sectional drawing explaining the state in the said pressure detection chamber at the time of priming. It is sectional drawing of the pressure detection chamber which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the pressure detection chamber which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the pressure detection chamber which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a plurality of preferred embodiments of the pressure detection chamber according to the present invention will be described and described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  An extracorporeal circulation apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 is an apparatus that performs extracorporeal circulation of blood of a patient P. The extracorporeal circulation device 10 is configured as an oxygenator, and blood does not circulate in the heart of the patient P. Therefore, gas exchange (addition of oxygen to the blood and / or removal of carbon dioxide from the blood) is performed in the body of the patient P. If this is not possible, the extracorporeal circulation device 10 can circulate blood and exchange gas for blood. The extracorporeal circulation apparatus 10 can also assist blood circulation when blood circulates in the heart of the patient P and gas exchange can be performed in the lungs of the patient P.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the extracorporeal circulation device 10 removes blood from a vein (vena cava) of a patient P, exchanges gas in the blood to perform oxygenation of the blood, and then returns the blood to the patient P again. The blood circulation circuit 12 is provided to return to the artery (aorta). The blood circulation circuit 12 includes a blood removal tube 14, a centrifugal pump 16 (blood pump), an artificial lung 18, and a blood supply tube 20.

  The blood removal tube 14 is connected to a venous catheter 22 (blood removal side catheter). The venous catheter 22 is inserted into the vein (femoral vein) of the patient P. The centrifugal pump 16 is connected to the venous catheter 22 via the blood removal tube 14. The centrifugal pump 16 sends the blood removed from the blood through the blood removal tube 14 to the oxygenator 18.

  The centrifugal pump 16 is rotationally driven by a drive motor 24. The operation (rotation speed) of the drive motor 24 is controlled by the control device 26. In addition, as a blood pump, pumps other than a centrifugal type may be used.

  The artificial lung 18 is disposed between the centrifugal pump 16 and the blood delivery tube 20 and performs a gas exchange operation (blood oxygenation) on the blood removed through the blood removal tube 14. As the oxygenator 18, for example, a hollow fiber membrane oxygenator is used.

  The blood supply tube 20 returns the blood whose gas has been exchanged by the artificial lung 18 to the patient P via the artery side catheter 28 (blood supply side catheter). The artery side catheter 28 is inserted into the artery (femoral artery) of the patient P. The blood supply tube 20 is provided with a priming branch tube 30 for injecting the priming liquid L into the blood circulation circuit 12 during priming described later.

  In order to detect whether or not the pressure of the blood flowing through the blood circulation circuit 12 is abnormal, the blood detection circuit 32A according to the first embodiment of the present invention is connected to the blood circulation circuit 12. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the blood detection tube 20 is provided with a pressure detection branch tube 38, and the pressure detection chamber 32 </ b> A is connected to the pressure detection branch tube 38. The pressure detection chamber 32 </ b> A is a diaphragm type detection chamber having a blood chamber 34 and an air chamber 36.

  The blood chamber 34 of the pressure detection chamber 32A communicates with the blood circulation circuit 12 via a pressure detection branch tube 38. A pressure sensor 42 is connected to the pressure detection chamber 32 </ b> A via a connecting tube 40. The extracorporeal circulation device 10 can measure the pressure in the blood circulation circuit 12 (in the example shown in FIG. 1, in the blood feeding tube 20) by detecting the pressure in the air chamber 36 with the pressure sensor 42.

  Note that the pressure detection branch tube 38 may be provided in another part of the blood circulation circuit 12, for example, the blood removal tube 14. The pressure detection branch tube 38 may be provided on the upstream side (blood removal tube 14) and the downstream side (between the centrifugal pump 16 and the oxygenator 18) of the centrifugal pump 16, respectively. The pressure detection branch tube 38 may be provided on the upstream side (between the centrifugal pump 16 and the artificial lung 18) and the downstream side (the blood feeding tube 20) of the oxygenator 18.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure detection chamber 32 </ b> A includes a hollow detection container 44, and a diaphragm 46 that partitions the inside of the detection container 44 into a blood chamber 34 and an air chamber 36.

  The detection container 44 has a blood container part 48 in which a blood chamber 34 is formed, and an air container part 50 in which an air chamber 36 is formed. The blood container portion 48 and the air container portion 50 are coupled to each other by an annular coupling member 52. The blood container part 48 and the air container part 50 are comprised by hard resin, such as a polycarbonate, for example. It is preferable that the blood container part 48 and the air container part 50 are comprised with the material which has transparency so that the inside can be observed.

  The blood container portion 48 includes a cylindrical (cylindrical) peripheral wall portion 48 a and an end wall portion 48 b continuous from the peripheral wall portion 48 a on the side opposite to the diaphragm 46. The air container part 50 has a cylindrical (cylindrical) peripheral wall part 50 a and an end wall part 50 b that is continuous with the peripheral wall part 50 a on the side opposite to the diaphragm 46.

  End wall portions 48b and 50b of blood container portion 48 and air container portion 50 face diaphragm 46, respectively. In FIG. 2, the end wall portion 48b of the blood container portion 48 has a form of a conical portion 49 that projects in a tapered manner in a direction opposite to the side on which the air container portion 50 is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the blood container portion 48 is provided with a circuit connection port 56 and an air vent port 58. The circuit connection port 56 communicates with the blood chamber 34 and is connected to the blood circulation circuit 12 (pressure detection branch tube 38).

  In the first embodiment, the circuit connection port 56 is provided at the top portion (central portion) of the cone portion 49. Specifically, the circuit connection port 56 protrudes along the axis a of the detection container 44 from the top of the cone portion 49 in the direction opposite to the side where the air chamber 36 is provided. The circuit connection port 56 may protrude in a direction intersecting the axis a of the detection container 44.

  The air vent port 58 is a port that is not connected to the blood circulation circuit 12 and communicates with the blood chamber 34 and is a port for venting air from the blood chamber 34 when the blood circulation circuit 12 is primed. In the first embodiment, the air vent port 58 is provided at a corner portion 60 (corner portion) that is a connection portion between the peripheral wall portion 48 a and the cone portion 49.

  Specifically, the air vent port 58 protrudes in parallel with the circuit connection port 56 from the outer peripheral portion of the end wall portion 48b. Note that the air vent port 58 may protrude in a direction inclined with respect to the circuit connection port 56 (a direction intersecting the axis a of the detection container 44), as indicated by a virtual line in FIG.

  In FIG. 2, the end wall part 50b of the air container part 50 has the shape of the cone part which protruded from the surrounding wall part 50a like the end wall part 48b of the blood container part 48 in a taper shape. A pressure detection port 51 is provided on the end wall portion 50 b of the air container portion 50. The pressure detection port 51 protrudes from the end wall portion 50 b to the side opposite to the diaphragm 46 and is connected to the connecting tube 40.

  The diaphragm 46 is a circular film-shaped member configured to have appropriate elasticity. The outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 46 is sandwiched between a flange portion 48 c provided in the blood container portion 48 and a flange portion 50 c provided in the air container portion 50.

  During the operation of the extracorporeal circulation device 10 (FIG. 1) (when blood flows through the blood circulation circuit 12), the diaphragm 46 is deformed to the air chamber 36 side by the pressure of blood. Accordingly, the volume of the air chamber 36 decreases, the air pressure increases, and an equilibrium state is reached. Therefore, the pressure in the blood circulation circuit 12 can be measured by detecting the air pressure at that time with the pressure sensor 42 (FIG. 1).

  As a preparatory work before using the extracorporeal circulation device 10 configured as described above, priming for filling the blood circulation circuit 12 with a liquid such as physiological saline (priming liquid L) and removing air from the circuit is performed. Done. At the time of priming, the blood removal tube 14 and the blood supply tube 20 are connected to each other via connectors 62 and 64 as shown in FIG. In this state, an injection device 66 such as a syringe filled with the priming liquid L is connected to the branch tube 30 for priming, and a syringe or the like is sucked into the air vent port 58 of the pressure detection chamber 32A via the relay tube 68. The device 70 is connected.

  Then, the injection device 66 is operated to inject the priming liquid L into the blood circulation circuit 12. At that time, the priming liquid L is sufficiently circulated in the blood circulation circuit 12 and air is ventilated by shaking each device. In order to make a proper pressure measurement, it is important to sufficiently remove air from the blood chamber 34 of the pressure detection chamber 32A.

  In this case, according to the pressure detection chamber 32A according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the detection container 44 has a circuit connection port that communicates with the blood chamber 34 and is connected to the blood circulation circuit 12. 56 and a port that is not connected to the blood circulation circuit 12 and that communicates with the blood chamber 34 and that vents air from the blood chamber 34 when the blood circulation circuit 12 is primed.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when the priming liquid L is injected into the blood circulation circuit 12 during priming of the blood circulation circuit 12, the priming liquid L flows into the blood chamber 34 from the circuit connection port 56. When the suction device 70 is operated, the priming liquid L is discharged from the air vent port 58 and sucked to the suction device 70 through the relay tube 68. At this time, air (bubbles) in the blood chamber 34 is discharged from the air vent port 58. For this reason, the air in the blood chamber can be easily removed during priming. Therefore, according to the pressure detection chamber 32A, priming can be performed efficiently.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, when the posture of the blood container 48 is held such that the blood container 48 is positioned relatively higher than other parts of the blood container 48. A corner 60 for concentrating the air Ar is provided, and an air vent port 58 is provided at or near the corner 60. With this configuration, when the corner portion 60 is directed upward during priming, air Ar (bubbles) collects in the inflow opening 58a of the air vent port 58, so that air can be vented from the blood chamber 34 more efficiently.

  In the first embodiment, the blood container portion 48 includes a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 48 a and a conical portion 49 that projects from the peripheral wall portion 48 a on the opposite side to the diaphragm 46. The corner portion 60 is a connection point between the peripheral wall portion 48 a and the cone portion 49. For this reason, air Ar can be favorably collected at the position where the inflow opening 58a of the air vent port 58 is provided at the time of priming without providing a special shape portion.

  In the first embodiment, the circuit connection port 56 and the air vent port 58 are provided in parallel to each other. Therefore, for example, when the blood container portion 48 is formed by injection molding, the blood container portion 48 including the circuit connection port 56 and the air vent port 58 is provided without using a molding die having a complicated structure. Can be molded.

  In the pressure detection chamber 32A, the arrangement of the circuit connection port 56 and the air vent port 58 may be reversed. In this case, the air vent port 58 is provided at the top of the cone portion 49 of the blood container portion 48, and at the time of priming, the top portion of the cone portion 49 is directed upward to collect air at the inflow opening 58a of the air vent port 58. Can do. Therefore, even in this case, air can be efficiently vented from the blood chamber 34.

  It should be noted that the blood removal tube 14 and the blood supply tube 20 connected at the time of priming are separated after priming and are used for extracorporeal circulation of blood as shown in FIG. Connected to. The blood removal tube 14 and the blood supply tube 20 may be a single continuous tube in the initial state. In this case, at the time of priming, the one tube is used as it is, and after priming, it is cut by an appropriate cutting tool and used as a blood removal tube 14 and a blood feeding tube 20.

  After the priming is completed, the flow path of the relay tube 68 is closed by a clamp or the like so that the liquid is not discharged from the air vent port 58. Alternatively, a stopcock that opens and closes the flow path may be provided in the relay tube 68. Alternatively, a plug (cap) may be attached to the air vent port 58.

  In the first embodiment described above, the air vent port 58 protrudes from the end wall portion 48b. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and from other parts of the detection container 44 as illustrated below. It may be protruding.

  In the pressure detection chamber 32 </ b> B according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the air vent port 58 protrudes radially outward (in a direction orthogonal to the axis a of the detection container 44) from the peripheral wall portion 48 a. Even with such a configuration, the air in the blood chamber 34 can be efficiently extracted through the air vent port 58 during priming. In this case, the air vent port 58 is preferably arranged so that the inflow opening is located closer to the circuit connection port 56 than the diaphragm 46 so as not to hinder the movement of air to the air vent port 58.

  As indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 6, the air vent port 58 may protrude from the peripheral wall portion 48 a in a direction inclined with respect to the axis a of the detection container 44.

  In the pressure detection chamber 32C according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the circuit connection port 56 is provided in the tangential direction of the peripheral wall 48a. Specifically, the circuit connection port 56 protrudes in the tangential direction of the peripheral wall 48a from the vicinity of the end of the blood container 48 on the air container 50 side. On the other hand, the air vent port 58 is provided in the end wall portion 48b. Specifically, the air vent port 58 is provided at the top of the cone portion 49.

  According to the pressure detection chamber 32C configured in this way, during priming, the priming liquid L flows into the blood chamber 34 from the tangential direction of the peripheral wall 48a via the circuit connection port 56. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 7, the priming liquid L moves toward the end wall portion 48 b while forming the swirl flow Ls in the blood chamber 34, and is discharged through the air vent port 58. Therefore, the air (bubbles) in the blood chamber 34 can flow together with the swirl flow Ls and can be efficiently discharged from the air vent port 58.

  In the pressure detection chamber 32C, the arrangement of the circuit connection port 56 and the air vent port 58 may be reversed.

  In the pressure detection chamber 32D according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the circuit connection port 56 and the air vent port 58 protrude in opposite directions. Specifically, the end wall portion 48 b of the blood container portion 48 is provided with a connecting tube portion 74 that extends perpendicularly to the axis “a” of the detection container 44. A circuit connection port 56 and an air vent port 58 extend from both sides of the connecting pipe portion 74.

  Also by the pressure detection chamber 32D configured as described above, the priming liquid L flows into the blood chamber 34 from the circuit connection port 56 and is discharged from the air vent port 58 during priming. At this time, the air in the blood chamber 34 is discharged from the air vent port 58. For this reason, the air in the blood chamber 34 can be removed easily and priming can be performed efficiently.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Extracorporeal circulation apparatus 12 ... Blood circulation circuit 32A-32D ... Pressure detection chamber 34 ... Blood chamber 36 ... Air chamber 44 ... Detection container 46 ... Diaphragm 48 ... Blood container part 48a, 50a ... Peripheral wall part 48b, 50b ... End wall part DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 50 ... Air container part 56 ... Circuit connection port 58 ... Air venting port 60 ... Corner | angular part

Claims (7)

A hollow detection container;
A diaphragm that partitions the inside of the detection container into a blood chamber and an air chamber;
The detection container includes a circuit connection port that communicates with the blood chamber and is connected to the blood circulation circuit, and a port that is not connected to the blood circulation circuit and communicates with the blood chamber and is connected to the blood circulation circuit. An air vent port is provided for venting air from the blood chamber during priming,
A pressure detection chamber. The pressure detection chamber of claim 1.
The detection container has a blood container part in which the blood chamber is formed,
The blood container part has a corner part for concentrating the air when the posture of the blood container part is maintained so as to be relatively high with respect to other parts of the blood container part,
The air vent port is provided at or near the corner.
A pressure detection chamber. The pressure detection chamber of claim 2,
The blood container part has a cylindrical peripheral wall part, and a conical part that projects in a tapered manner from the peripheral wall part on the side opposite to the diaphragm,
The corner is a connection point between the peripheral wall and the cone.
A pressure detection chamber. The pressure detection chamber according to claim 1 or 2,
The blood container portion has a cylindrical peripheral wall portion, and an end wall portion that is continuous with the peripheral wall portion on the side opposite to the diaphragm and faces the diaphragm,
The circuit connection port is provided in a tangential direction of the peripheral wall portion,
The air vent port is provided in the end wall portion,
A pressure detection chamber. The pressure detection chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The circuit connection port and the air vent port are provided in parallel to each other.
A pressure detection chamber. The pressure detection chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The circuit connection port and the air vent port are provided non-parallel to each other,
A pressure detection chamber. The pressure detection chamber according to claim 1 or 2,
The circuit connection port and the air vent port protrude in opposite directions,
A pressure detection chamber.

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