JP2016512437A - 多重メチル化特異的増幅システムおよび方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本技術の理解を容易にするために、多くの用語および語句は、以下に定義される。さらなる定義は、詳細な説明の全体にわたって記載されている。
本明細書の開示は特定の例示された実施形態を指すが、これらの実施形態は、例としてであって限定として提示されるものではないことを理解すべきである。
幾つかの実施形態では、本開示は、メチル化DNAを検出するためのシステムおよび方法を提供する(例えば、多重化された検出)。例示的なメチル化特異的検出および増幅する方法が以下に記載される。
幾つかの実施形態では、メチル化分析は、亜硫酸水素塩変換またはメチル化感受性制限酵素(MSRE)を利用する。亜硫酸水素塩変換方法は、配列決定、プライマー−プローブ、プライマー−ゲル、またはプライマー−アレイ分析を利用する。
幾つかの実施形態では、メチル化特異的検出に続いてまたは同時に、核酸が増幅される。核酸増幅技術の例示的で非限定的な例としては、これらに限定されないが、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)、逆転写ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(RT−PCR)、転写媒介増幅(TMA)、リガーゼ連鎖反応(LCR)、鎖置換増幅(SDA)、および核酸配列に基づく増幅(NASBA)が挙げられる。当業者は、特定の増幅技術(例えばPCR)は、RNAが増幅の前にDNAに逆転写される必要があり(例えば、RT−PCR)、他方、他の増幅技術は直接RNA(例えば、TMAおよびNASBA)を増幅することを、認識するであろう。
幾つかの実施形態では、増幅された核酸は、核酸への標識プローブの結合によって検出される。幾つかの実施形態では、検出はリアルタイム検出(例えば、増幅と同時)である。「リアルタイム」での増幅工程の評価は、増幅反応の間に連続的または定期的に反応混合物中のアンプリコンの量を決定し、決定された量を用いてサンプル中に最初に存在する標的配列の量を計算することを含む。リアルタイム増幅に基づくサンプル中に存在する初期標的配列の量を決定するための種々の方法は、当該技術分野で良く知られている。これらとしては、米国特許第6,303,305号および第6,541,205号に開示されている方法が挙げられ、これらのそれぞれの全体が本明細書に参照により組み込まれる。リアルタイム増幅に基づくものではないが、サンプル中に最初に存在する標的配列の量を決定するための別の方法が米国特許第5,710,029号に開示されており、この全体が本明細書に参照により組み込まれる。
幾つかの実施形態では、コンピュータに基づく分析プログラムを用いて、検出アッセイ(例えば、核酸のメチル化レベル)によって生成された生データをエンドユーザ(例えば、医療従事者)のための予測値のデータに変換される。ユーザは、任意の適切な手段を用いて予測データにアクセスすることができる。このように、幾つかの好ましい実施形態では、本発明は、遺伝学や分子生物学の訓練を受けた可能性が高くないユーザが生データを理解する必要がないというさらなる利益を提供する。データは、この最も有用な形でエンドユーザに直接提示される。ユーザは、次いで、有用な情報(例えば、医療診断、研究またはスクリーニングにおける。)を決定するために情報をすぐに利用することができる。
幾つかの実施形態では、本発明は、核酸の増幅および/または分析のためのキットおよびシステムを提供する。幾つかの実施形態では、キットは、必要十分な、または分析のために有用であり、メチル化核酸の分析および検出に必要十分な、または有用な検出試薬(例えば、プライマー、プローブ、固体支持体、試薬、対照、説明書など)を含む。例えば、幾つかの実施形態では、キットは、標的の複数のアンプリコンの増幅のためのプライマーペアを含む。幾つかの実施形態では、キットは、複数の標識されたプローブ(例えば、同じまたは異なる標識を含む。)を含む。幾つかの実施形態では、キットは、メチル化特異的検出のための試薬(例えば、亜硫酸水素塩試薬)を含む。幾つかの実施形態では、システムは、自動化されたサンプルおよび試薬ハンドリング装置(例えば、ロボット)を含む。
本明細書に記載されるシステムおよび方法は、様々な研究、スクリーニングおよび診断用途に使用できることが分かっている。幾つかの実施形態では、上記した多重メチル化特異的増幅法は、対象者における疾患に対する体質を予測するために、対象者における疾患を診断するために、対象者における疾患の再発の可能性を予測するために、疾患を有する対象の予後を提供するために、または特定の療法での治療のための疾患を有する対象を選択するために、利用される。これらの工程は、好ましくは、対象者からのゲノムDNAサンプルを準備すること、および上記した工程によって、ゲノムDNAサンプルの所定領域のメチル化状態を検出することを含む。幾つかの実施形態では、ゲノムDNAの所定領域の5−ヒドロキシメチルシトシンおよび/または5−メチルシトシンのメチル化の基準メチル化状態へのレベルの変化(例えば、より高いまたはより低いレベル)は、対象者の疾患に対する体質の指標、対象者が疾患を持っていることの指標、対象者における疾患の再発の可能性の指標、対象者の生存の指標、および対象者が特定の療法での治療のための候補者であることの指標からなる群から選択される指標を提供する。
Claims (24)
- a)標的核酸を、メチル化特異的検出試薬で処理することと、
b)前記標的核酸内の複数の核酸セグメントを同時に増幅して、複数のアンプリコンを生成することと、
c)前記複数のアンプリコンを検出することと
を含む方法。 - 前記標的核酸が、遺伝子のプロモーター領域である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記メチル化特異的検出試薬が、亜硫酸水素塩である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記同時増幅を、単一反応容器で実施する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記標的核酸が、GCリッチである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記標的核酸が、CpGアイランドを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 亜硫酸水素塩が、非メチル化シトシン残基と反応し、その後、ウラシル残基に変換する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 亜硫酸水素塩が、非メチル化シトシン残基と反応せず、これらを5−メチルシトシンとして残す、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記増幅がPCRである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記検出が、前記アンプリコンを複数の核酸プローブと接触させることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記核酸プローブが、検出可能な標識を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の核酸プローブが同じ標識を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記標識が蛍光標識である、請求項11または12に記載の方法。
- 前記増幅および検出が、リアルタイムPCR増幅および検出を含む、請求項4から13のいずれかに一項に記載の方法。
- 前記検出が、質量分析、配列決定およびハイブリダイゼーションからなる群から選択される核酸検出技術を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記複数のアンプリコンが少なくとも5つのアンプリコンを含む、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記複数のアンプリコンが少なくとも10個のアンプリコンを含む、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 核酸を増幅する方法であって、
a)メチル化特異的検出試薬で処理した標的核酸内の複数の核酸セグメントを同時に増幅して、複数のアンプリコンを生成することと、
b)前記複数のアンプリコンを検出することと
を含む、核酸を増幅する方法。 - a)メチル化特異的検出試薬で標的核酸を処理することと、
b)前記標的核酸内の複数の核酸セグメントを同時に増幅して、複数のアンプリコンを生成することと、
c)前記アンプリコンを複数の核酸プローブと接触させて、前記複数のアンプリコンを検出することと
を含む方法。 - a)標的核酸の増幅のための複数のプライマーペアと、
b)前記複数のプライマーペアで増幅されたアンプリコンに特異的に結合する複数の核酸プローブと、
c)メチル化特異的検出試薬と
を含むキット。 - 検出可能な標識を含む、請求項20に記載のキット。
- 前記複数の核酸プローブは同じ標識を含む、請求項21に記載のキット。
- 前記標識が蛍光標識である、請求項20または21に記載のキット。
- 前記メチル化特異的試薬が亜硫酸水素塩である、請求項18に記載のキット。
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US201361782370P | 2013-03-14 | 2013-03-14 | |
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US20170306395A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
CN105378107A (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
JP2019076100A (ja) | 2019-05-23 |
EP2971171A4 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
WO2014160117A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
US9701999B2 (en) | 2017-07-11 |
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US20140274735A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
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