JP2015073130A - 2つの変性層を備えた4接合型反転変性多接合太陽電池 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、米国空軍により与えられた契約書番号FA9453−06−C−0345による政府の援助を得て完成されたものである。
本出願は、2008年11月10日付けの係属中の米国特許出願一連番号12/267,812に関連する。
太陽電池とも呼ばれる光電池から得られる太陽エネルギー発電電力は、主としてシリコン半導体技術により提供されてきた。しかしながら過去数年間においては、宇宙用装置のためのIII−V族化合物半導体多接合太陽電池の大量製産により、宇宙用での使用だけでなく地上設置式太陽エネルギー発電装置の技術が加速度的に発達してきた。シリコンと比較して、III−V族化合物半導体多接合装置は、製造は一層複雑になるが、高いエネルギー変換効率及び全体的に高い放射線耐性を有する。典型的な商業用III−V族化合物半導体多接合太陽電池は、1つの太陽、空気質量0(AM0)、照度の下で、27%を越えるエネルギー効率を有するが、シリコン技術は、最も効率的なものでも、一般的には同様の条件の下で約18%の効率しか得られない。強い太陽照射の下で(例えば、500倍)、商業的に入手可能な地上設置式装置におけるIII−V族化合物半導体多接合太陽電池は(AM1.5で)、37%を越えるエネルギー効率を有する。シリコン太陽電池と比較して、III−V族化合物半導体太陽電池の高い変換効率は、部分的に、異なるバンドギャップエネルギーを有する複数の光起電性領域の使用を通じて、入射放射線のスペクトル分光を行い、各々の領域からの電流を蓄積する能力によるものである。
102 バッファー層
103 エッチストップ層
104 接触層
105 ウインドウ層
106 エミッター層
107 ベース層
108 BSF層
109 トンネルダイオード層
110 ウインドウ層
Claims (10)
- 第一バンドギャップを有する上方の第一太陽補助電池と、
前記第一太陽補助電池より下方に位置し、前記第一バンドギャップより小さい第二バンドギャップを有し、ベースとエミッタとがヘテロ接合を形成する第二太陽補助電池と、
前記第二太陽電池より下方に位置する第一上方バリア層と、
前記第一上方バリア層より下方に位置し、InGaAlAsにより構成され、前記第二バンドギャップより大きく、厚さ全体にわたって一定であるほぼ1.5eVの第三バンドギャップを有する第一の勾配中間層と、
前記第一の勾配中間層より下方に位置し、前記第二バンドギャップより小さい第四バンドギャップを有し、前記第二補助電池に対して格子非整合状態であり、ベースとエミッタとがヘテロ接合を形成する第三太陽補助電池と、
前記第三太陽補助電池より下方に位置し、InGaAlAsにより構成され、前記第四バンドギャップより大きく、厚さ全体にわたって一定であるほぼ1.1eVの第五バンドギャップを有する第二の勾配中間層と、
前記第二の勾配中間層より下方に位置し、前記第四バンドギャップより小さい第六バンドギャップを有し、前記第三補助電池に対して格子非整合状態である下方の第四太陽補助電池と、
から構成され、
前記第一上方バリア層は、前記第一の勾配中間層とは異なる組成であって、スレッドの乱れが隣接する補助電池に伝播するのを防止するのを助けるように構成され、
多接合太陽電池が少なくとも32%の効率を有し、
前記第四太陽補助電池が、約0.6〜0.8eVの範囲のバンドギャップを有し、前記第三太陽補助電池が、約0.9〜1.1eVの範囲のバンドギャップを有し、前記第二太陽補助電池が、約1.35〜1.45eVの範囲のバンドギャップを有し、前記第一太陽補助電池が、約1.8〜2.1eVの範囲のバンドギャップを有し、
前記第一の勾配中間層が、一方の側では前記第二太陽補助電池と格子整合し、他方の側では前記第三太陽補助電池と格子整合するように組成的に勾配付けされており、前記第二の勾配中間層が、一方の側では前記第三太陽補助電池と格子整合し、他方の側では前記第四太陽補助電池と格子整合するように組成的に勾配付けされている
ことを特徴とする多接合太陽電池。 - 請求項1に記載の多接合太陽電池であって、前記第一の勾配中間層と前記第三太陽補助電池との間に第一下方バリア層が設けられ、前記第一下方バリア層は、前記第一の勾配中間層とは異なる組成であって、スレッドの乱れが隣接する補助電池に伝播するのを防止するのを助けるように構成されていることを特徴とする多接合太陽電池。
- 請求項2に記載の多接合太陽電池であって、前記第一上方バリア層と前記第一下方バリア層とは互いに異なる組成であることを特徴とする多接合太陽電池。
- 請求項1に記載した多接合太陽電池であって、第一上方バリア層はInGa(Al)Pにより構成されていることを特徴とする多接合太陽電池。
- 請求項1に記載した多接合太陽電池であって、前記第三太陽補助電池と前記第二の勾配中間層との間に第二上方バリア層が設けられ、前記第二上方バリア層は、前記第二の勾配中間層とは異なる組成であって、スレッドの乱れが隣接する補助電池に伝播するのを防止するのを助けるように構成されていることを特徴とする多接合太陽電池。
- 請求項5に記載した多接合太陽電池であって、前記第二の勾配中間層と前記第四太陽補助電池との間に第二下方バリア層が設けられたことを特徴とする多接合太陽電池。
- 請求項5に記載した多接合太陽電池であって、前記第二上方バリア層はGaInPから構成されたことを特徴とする多接合太陽電池。
- 請求項1に記載した多接合太陽電池であって、開放回路電圧が3.625ボルト、短絡回路電圧が16.26mA/cm2、充填係数82%であり、前記第二太陽補助電池がヘテロ接合を形成するベース及びエミッタを有し、前記第三太陽補助電池がヘテロ接合を形成するベース及びエミッタを有することを特徴とする多接合太陽電池。
- 第一基板を準備し、
前記第一基板に、第一バンドギャップを有する上方の第一太陽補助電池を形成し、
前記第一太陽補助電池に隣接して、前記第一バンドギャップより小さい第二バンドギャップを有する第二太陽補助電池を形成し、
前記第二太陽補助電池に隣接して、前記第二バンドギャップより大きく、厚さ全体にわたって一定である第三バンドギャップを有する、InGaAlAsからなる第一の勾配中間層を形成し、
前記第一の勾配中間層に隣接して、前記第二バンドギャップより小さい第四バンドギャップを有し、前記第二補助電池に対して格子非整合状態の、InGaPからなるエミッタ層とInGaAsからなるベース層とを有する第三太陽補助電池を形成し、
前記第三太陽補助電池に隣接して、前記第四バンドギャップより大きい第五バンドギャップを有し、該バンドギャップが厚さ全体にわたって一定の約1.1eVであり、InGaAlAsからなる第二の勾配中間層を形成し、
前記第二の勾配中間層に隣接して、前記第四バンドギャップより小さい第六バンドギャップを有し、前記第三補助電池に対して格子非整合状態の下方の第四太陽補助電池を形成し、
第四太陽補助電池の上部に代りの基板を取り付けて、
前記第一基板を取り除く、
段階からなり、
前記第一の勾配中間層が、一方の側では前記第二太陽補助電池と格子整合し、他方の側では前記第三太陽補助電池と格子整合するように組成的に勾配付けされており、前記第二の勾配中間層が、一方の側では前記第三太陽補助電池と格子整合し、他方の側では前記第四太陽補助電池と格子整合するように組成的に勾配付けされており、
前記第四太陽補助電池が、約0.6〜0.8eVの範囲のバンドギャップを有し、前記第三太陽補助電池が、約0.9〜1.1eVの範囲のバンドギャップを有し、前記第二太陽補助電池が、約1.35〜1.45eVの範囲のバンドギャップを有し、前記第一太陽補助電池が、約1.8〜2.1eVの範囲のバンドギャップを有する
ことを特徴とする太陽電池の製造方法。 - 請求項7に記載した太陽電池の製造方法であって、前記第一太陽補助電池は、InGaPからなるエミッタ層と、InGaPからなるベース層とを有し、前記第二太陽補助電池は、InGaPからなるエミッタ層と、GaAsからなるベース層とを有し、前記第四太陽補助電池は、InGaAsからなるエミッタ層と、InGaAsからなるベース層とを有し、前記第一基板はガリウムの砒化物又はゲルマニウムからなり、前記代わりの基板はサファイア、GaAs、Ge又はSiからなることを特徴とする太陽電池の製造方法。
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CN101740647B (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
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EP2187451B1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
CN101740647A (zh) | 2010-06-16 |
EP3333905A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
EP3333905B1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
EP2187451A2 (en) | 2010-05-19 |
TW201027777A (en) | 2010-07-16 |
JP2010118667A (ja) | 2010-05-27 |
US9691929B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
EP3331033A1 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
US20170243997A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
EP2187451A3 (en) | 2014-04-23 |
US20100122724A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
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