JP2014505758A - 燃料のブレンドに関する改良 - Google Patents
燃料のブレンドに関する改良 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014505758A JP2014505758A JP2013545425A JP2013545425A JP2014505758A JP 2014505758 A JP2014505758 A JP 2014505758A JP 2013545425 A JP2013545425 A JP 2013545425A JP 2013545425 A JP2013545425 A JP 2013545425A JP 2014505758 A JP2014505758 A JP 2014505758A
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- fuel
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000359 diblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 63
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002633 Kraton (polymer) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- -1 hydroxy, carbonyl Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N Carbon-14 Chemical compound [14C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000016444 Benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000016427 familial adult myoclonic epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004730 levulinic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003900 succinic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1658—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/165—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aromatic monomers
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/0438—Middle or heavy distillates, heating oil, gasoil, marine fuels, residua
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
- C10L2200/0476—Biodiesel, i.e. defined lower alkyl esters of fatty acids first generation biodiesel
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
- C10L2200/0492—Fischer-Tropsch products
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
以下の実施例においては、次の成分を用いた。
・SV150(登録商標):ポリスチレン−ポリイソプレンジブロックコポリマー;Infineumから;
・SV260(登録商標):スチレン−ポリイソプレン星形コポリマー;Infineumから。
・約20%m/mの芳香族含量の見積値、及び表1に示す特性を有する、Shellから入手した石油由来の中間留分軽油(ディーゼル)。
・ShellからのShellSol A150:表3に示す特性を有するC9〜C10の範囲の芳香族化合物の混合物。
・ADMから入手した、表4に示す特性を有する、菜種メチルエステル(RME)、大豆メチルエステル(SME)、及び牛脂メチルエステル(TME)の形態の脂肪酸メチルエステル(FAME)。
以下の実施例のそれぞれにおいて、VI向上ポリマーをガラスビン中に秤量投入し、示されている量の溶媒を加えた。全ての材料が溶解するまで、25℃において膨潤と撹拌の繰り返しサイクルを行なって均一な溶液を得た。
石油由来の中間留分軽油、フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導中間留分軽油、及びShellSol A150のそれぞれの中における5%w/wのSV150(登録商標)及びSV260(登録商標)の溶解性を試験した。
酸素化物、即ち脂肪酸メチルエステル(FAME)、具体的には菜種メチルエステル(RME)、大豆メチルエステル(SME)、及び牛脂メチルエステル(TME)中における種々の濃度のSV150(登録商標)の溶解性を試験した。
ShellSol A150、及び種々の量の石油由来の中間留分軽油又はフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導中間留分軽油(GTL)を含む溶媒混合物中における5%w/wのSV150(登録商標)の溶解性を試験した。
種々の量の石油由来の中間留分軽油と組み合わせたShellSol A150又はFAME(RME)を含む溶媒混合物中における10%w/wのSV150(登録商標)の溶解性を試験した。
10%w/wのSV150(登録商標)、及び石油由来の中間留分軽油、ShellSol A150、及びFAME(RME)の混合物を含む異なる3成分ブレンドを調製することによって、溶媒組成物の更なる最適化を達成した。
Claims (15)
- 少なくとも3%w/wの粘度指数(VI)向上ポリマー;並びに、10〜85%v/vの範囲の中間留分軽油と、少なくとも15%v/vの芳香族炭化水素及び酸素化物から選択される1種類以上の成分とを含む溶媒混合物;を含む、燃料とブレンドするための添加剤組成物。
- 溶媒混合物が、170〜370℃の範囲の沸点を有する芳香族炭化水素成分を含む、請求項1に記載の添加剤組成物。
- 芳香族炭化水素成分が、溶媒混合物の全体積を基準として
15〜60%v/v;又は
25〜50%v/v;又は
30〜40%v/v;
の量で溶媒混合物中に存在する、請求項1又は2に記載の添加剤組成物。 - 溶媒混合物が脂肪酸アルキルエステルから選択される酸素化物成分を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物。
- 酸素化物成分が、溶媒混合物の全体積を基準として
2〜60%v/v;又は
3〜25%v/v;又は
4〜10%v/v;
の量で溶媒混合物中に存在する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物。 - 酸素化物成分が、それに添加剤組成物を加えるか又は加える予定である燃料組成物中の酸素化物成分に関連する濃度閾値以下の濃度で存在する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物。
- VI向上ポリマーが芳香族モノマーを含むブロックコポリマーを含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物。
- VI向上ポリマーがポリスチレン−ポリイソプレンジブロックコポリマーを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物。
- 中間留分軽油が、EN−ISO−3104によって測定して1.0〜3.0mm2/秒の範囲のVK40、及びIP−391又はEN−12916によって測定して15〜30%m/mの範囲の芳香族含量を有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物。
- 芳香族モノマーを含む5〜15%w/wの範囲のVI向上コポリマーを含み、溶媒混合物が、溶媒混合物の全体積を基準として
40〜75%v/vの中間留分軽油;
10〜50%v/vの芳香族炭化水素;及び
3〜10%v/vの脂肪酸アルキルエステル;
を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物。 - 組成物が400mm2/秒未満の40℃における動粘度を有する、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物。
- VI向上ポリマーを燃料中に含ませる目的のための、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の添加剤組成物の使用。
- 少なくとも3%v/vのVI向上ポリマーを、10〜85%v/vの範囲の中間留分軽油と、少なくとも15%v/vの芳香族炭化水素及び酸素化物から選択される1種類以上の成分とを含む溶媒混合物と混合して添加剤組成物を形成し;添加剤組成物を燃料組成物とブレンドする;ことを含む、VI向上ポリマーを燃料組成物中に含ませる方法。
- 燃料組成物及び添加剤組成物がそれぞれ一定濃度の酸素化物を含み、添加剤中の酸素化物の濃度が燃料中の酸素化物の濃度以下である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 燃料成分濃度又はそれに関連する濃度閾値を有する燃料組成物;並びに、粘度指数(VI)向上添加剤と、芳香族炭化水素及び酸素化物から選択される1種類以上の成分とを含む溶媒又は溶媒混合物を含み、かつ、一定濃度の燃料成分を含む、添加剤組成物;を含み、添加剤組成物中の燃料成分の濃度は、燃料組成物中の燃料成分の濃度又はそれに関連する濃度閾値以下である、燃料組成物と添加剤組成物のパッケージ。
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PCT/EP2011/073916 WO2012085263A1 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-23 | Improvements relating to blending fuels |
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JP2022501492A (ja) * | 2018-10-05 | 2022-01-06 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイShell Internationale Research Maatschappij Besloten Vennootshap | 燃料組成物 |
JP2022519057A (ja) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-03-18 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | 燃費に関する改善 |
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EP2738240A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-04 | Schepers Handels- en domeinnamen B.V. | Use of a Gas-to-Liquids gas oil in a lamp oil composition or fire lighter |
EP3078728A1 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-12 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Viscosity index improvers in fuel compositions |
US10782711B2 (en) | 2017-10-23 | 2020-09-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | System and method for round robin product blending |
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CA2822108A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
AU2011347156A1 (en) | 2013-07-11 |
US8968427B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
JP5937616B2 (ja) | 2016-06-22 |
PH12013501350B1 (en) | 2018-03-07 |
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CN103339238B (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
EP2655572B1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
RU2013134482A (ru) | 2015-01-27 |
BR112013016233A2 (pt) | 2016-09-27 |
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MY171793A (en) | 2019-10-29 |
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