JP2014196348A - 脳卒中を処置する方法 - Google Patents
脳卒中を処置する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014196348A JP2014196348A JP2014143197A JP2014143197A JP2014196348A JP 2014196348 A JP2014196348 A JP 2014196348A JP 2014143197 A JP2014143197 A JP 2014143197A JP 2014143197 A JP2014143197 A JP 2014143197A JP 2014196348 A JP2014196348 A JP 2014196348A
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Abstract
Description
本発明はまた、以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
被験体における脳卒中を処置する方法であって、脳卒中を処置するのに有効な量にてVLA−1アンタゴニストを上記被験体に投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目2)
被験体における脳卒中を処置する方法であって、抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片を上記被験体に投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目3)
上記脳卒中が虚血性脳卒中である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目4)
上記脳卒中が出血性脳卒中である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目5)
上記抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、ヒト、キメラ若しくはヒト化抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片である、項目2に記載の方法。
(項目6)
上記抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、ヒト化AQC2抗体又はその抗原結合断片である、項目2に記載の方法。
(項目7)
上記抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、ATCC寄託番号PTA−3274を有するハイブリドーマによって産生される、項目2に記載の方法。
(項目8)
上記被験体が哺乳動物である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目9)
上記被験体がヒトである、項目8に記載の方法。
(項目10)
上記被験体が脳卒中を起こしている、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目11)
上記抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、脳卒中の48時間以内に投与される、項目10に記載の方法。
(項目12)
上記VLA−1アンタゴニストが、静脈内又は非経口投与される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目13)
上記VLA−1アンタゴニストが、1日あたり0.1mg/kgから1日あたり5mg/kgまでの用量にて投与される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目14)
上記VLA−1アンタゴニストが、脳卒中後7日以内に少なくとも2回投与される、項目10に記載の方法。
(項目15)
上記VLA−1アンタゴニストが、別の治療薬と併用して投与される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目16)
上記別の治療薬が、抗血小板薬、血栓溶解酵素、凝集阻害剤、糖蛋白質IIb/IIIa阻害剤、グリコサミノグリカン、トロンビン阻害剤、抗凝固剤、ヘパリン、クマリン、tPA、GCSF、ストレプトキナーゼ、ウロキナーゼ、アンクロド、アセチルサリチル酸(acetylsalicyclic acid)、メラトニン及びカスパーゼ阻害剤からなる群より選択される、項目15に記載の方法。
(項目17)
ヒトにおける脳卒中を処置する方法であって、脳卒中を処置するのに有効な量にてVLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片を上記ヒトに投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目18)
脳卒中を起こしたヒトを処置する方法であって、脳卒中を処置するのに有効な量にてヒト化抗VLA−1ブロッキング抗体を脳卒中の72時間以内に上記ヒトに投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目19)
被験体における外傷性脳損傷(TBI)を処置する方法であって、TBIを処置するのに有効な量にてVLA−1アンタゴニストを上記被験体に投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目20)
被験体における外傷性脳損傷(TBI)を処置する方法であって、抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片を上記被験体に投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目21)
上記TBIが、挫傷、打撲傷、裂傷又は血腫である、項目19に記載の方法。
(項目22)
上記抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、ヒト、キメラ若しくはヒト化抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片である、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目23)
被験体における脊髄損傷(SCI)を処置する方法であって、SCIを処置するのに有効な量にてVLA−1アンタゴニストを上記被験体に投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目24)
被験体における脊髄損傷(SCI)を処置する方法であって、抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片を上記被験体に投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目25)
上記SCIが、不完全SCI、脊髄中心症候群、ブラウン・セカール症候群、脊髄前方症候群、脊髄円錐症候群及び馬尾症候群からなる群より選択される、項目23に記載の方法。
(項目26)
上記抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片が、ヒト、キメラ若しくはヒト化抗VLA−1抗体又はその抗原結合断片である、項目24に記載の方法。
(項目27)
被験体における虚血損傷を処置する方法であって、上記損傷を処置するのに有効な量にてVLA−1ブロッキング抗体又はその抗原結合断片を上記被験体に投与するステップを含む方法。
(項目28)
被験体における虚血・再灌流損傷を処置する方法であって、上記損傷を処置するのに有効な量にてVLA−1ブロッキング抗体又はその抗原結合断片を上記被験体に投与するステップを含む方法。
インテグリンは、細胞−細胞及び細胞−マトリックス接着を媒介する細胞表面受容体のスーパーファミリーである。これらの蛋白質は、発達及び組織修復時に細胞の成長、移動及び分化のための足場及びシグナルを付与することが知られている。該蛋白質は免疫及び炎症プロセスに関与している。
脳卒中を処置するため、種々の薬剤をVLA−1アンタゴニストとして用いることができる。このような薬剤には、VLA−1又はVLA−1の一部、例えば、VLA−1のα1サブユニットに対する抗体が含まれる。一部の好ましい薬剤には、2001年4月14日に申請された米国特許出願60/283,794及び2001年7月6日に申請された米国特許出願60/303,689に開示され、また、WO02/083854に開示されている抗VLA−1抗体が含まれる。これらの出願の開示内容はそれらの全体を参照して本明細書に組み込まれる。他の薬剤には、VLA−1とそのリガンド、例えば、コラーゲン又はラミニンとの相互作用を阻止し、或いはインテグリンの細胞シグナル伝達を調節し、VLA−1と関連する細胞活性又は生化学的機能を低下させる小分子が含まれる。また、本明細書で開示される方法において有用な薬剤には、例えば、遺伝子治療及びアンチセンス技術によってVLA−1の発現を低下させる薬剤が含まれる。
例示的なVLA−1アンタゴニストはVLA−1に結合する抗体を含む。一実施形態では、該抗体は、例えば、相互作用を物理的に阻止し、VLA−1及び/又はVLA−1リガンドのその対応物に対する親和性を低下させ、VLA−1複合体を崩壊又は不安定化し、VLA−1を隔離し、或いは分解のためにVLA−1を標的とすることにより、VLA−1とVLA−1リガンド(例えば、コラーゲン)との相互作用を阻害する。一実施形態では、該抗体は、VLA−1/リガンド結合面に関与する、1つ又はそれ以上のアミノ酸残基においてVLA−1に結合することができる。そのようなアミノ酸残基は、例えば、アラニンスキャニングによって特定することができる。別の実施形態では、該抗体はVLA−1/リガンド結合に関与しない残基に結合することができる。例えば、該抗体はVLA−1の構造を変化させることができ、これにより、結合親和性を低下させ、或いは該抗体はVLA−1/リガンド結合を立体的に阻害しうる。一実施形態では、該抗体はVLA−1が媒介する事象又は活性の活性化を低下させることができる。
VLA−1に結合する抗体は、免疫化、例えば、動物を用いた免疫化又はファージ提示のようなin vitro方法を含む、様々な手段によって生成することができる。VLA−1の一部又は全部を免疫原又は選択の標的として用いることができる。例えば、VLA−1又はその断片、例えば、VLA−1のα1サブユニットの全部又は一部、例えば、α1−Iドメインを免疫原として用いることができる。一実施形態では、免疫化動物は、天然、ヒト又は部分的ヒト免疫グロブリン遺伝子座を有する免疫グロブリン産生細胞を含む。一実施形態では、非ヒト動物は少なくとも一部のヒト免疫グロブリン遺伝子を含む。例えば、ヒトIg遺伝子座の大断片を用いて、マウス抗体産生に欠けるマウス株を操作することが可能である。ハイブリドーマ技術を用いて、所望の特異性を有する遺伝子由来の抗原特異的モノクローナル抗体が生成・選択されうる。例えば、XENOMOUSE(商標)、Greenら(1994)Nat.Gen.7:13−21;米国特許出願2003−0070185;米国特許第5,789,650号;及びWO96/34096を参照されたい。
本明細書で述べる抗体及び他の蛋白質は原核細胞及び真核細胞において産生されうる。一実施形態では、抗体(例えば、scFv)は、Pichia属(例えば、Powersら(2001)J.Immunol.Methods 251:123−35を参照)、Hanseula属又はSaccharomyces属のような酵母細胞において発現される。
本明細書で述べる抗体は所望の機能を果たすため、他の部分を更に含みうる。例えば、抗体は、抗体の標的とされる細胞の殺滅のための毒素部分(例えば、破傷風トキソイド又はリシン)又は放射性核種(例えば、111In又は90Y)を含みうる(例えば、米国特許第6,307,026号を参照)。抗体は簡便な分離又は検出のための部分(例えば、ビオチン、蛍光部分、放射活性部分、ヒスチジン標識など)を含みうる。抗体はその血清中半減期を延長することができる部分、例えば、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)部分も含みうる。
抗体に加え、本明細書で述べる方法において有用なVLA−1アンタゴニストは、例えば、VLA−1とその生理的リガンド、例えば、コラーゲン、例えば、コラーゲンI,III若しくはIV又はラミニンとの相互作用を遮断することにより、或いはVLA−1依存性細胞シグナル伝達を調節することにより、VLA−1の機能を阻害するポリペプチドを含む。
抗体に加え、本明細書で述べる方法において有用なVLA−1アンタゴニストは、例えば、VLA−1とその生理的リガンド、例えば、コラーゲンとの相互作用を遮断することにより、或いはVLA−1依存性細胞シグナル伝達を調節することにより、VLA−1の機能を阻害する任意の非抗体化合物を含む。これらの化合物の例は、小分子化合物、例えば、Weitz−Schmidtら、Nat.Med.7:687−692,2001)に述べられている小分子化合物である。これらの化合物は、例えば、コンビナトリアル小分子ライブラリー、コンビナトリアル抗体ライブラリー、合理的薬剤設計及び従来の有機合成、引き続いての、当該技術分野において公知の任意の方法を用いた拮抗作用に対するスクリーニングを用いて特定することができる。
VLA−1アンタゴニストを特定する別の方法は、合理的な薬剤設計のため、組換え発現VLA−1の構造を用いることである。例えば、WO01/73444を参照されたい。
一部の実施形態では、VLA−1をコードする内在性遺伝子の発現を低減するのに核酸アンタゴニストが用いられる。一実施形態では、該核酸アンタゴニストはVLA−1をコードするmRNAを標的とするsiRNAである。他のタイプのブロッキング核酸、例えば、dsRNA、リボザイム、三重らせん形成物質、アプタマー又はアンチセンス核酸も用いることができる。
アプタマーは、細胞表面蛋白質を含むほぼすべての分子を認識し、これに特異的に結合するのに用いることができる短いオリゴヌクレオチド配列である。指数的濃縮によるリガンドの系統的進化(SELEX)プロセスは強力であり、そのようなアプタマーを容易に特定するのに用いることができる。アプタマーは、治療及び診断に重要な広範な蛋白質、例えば、増殖因子及び細胞表面抗原のために作製されうる。これらのオリゴヌクレオチドは抗体と同様な親和性及び特異性によってその標的に結合する(Ulrich(2006)Handb Exp Pharmacol.173:305−26を参照)。Macugen(登録商標)は承認されたアプタマー治療法であり、一般的な眼球障害に対して承認された初の抗抗原性剤でもある。
VLA−1の発現を調節するために人工転写因子を用いることもできる。人工転写因子は、VLA−1をコードする内在性遺伝子における配列、例えば、調節領域にて、例えば、プロモーターに結合する能力のために、設計或いはライブラリーから選択することができる。例えば、人工転写因子は、in vitro(例えば、ファージ提示を用いる、米国特許第6,534,261号)又はin vivoでの選択により、或いは認識コードに基づく設計により(例えば、WO00/42219及び米国特許第6,511,808号を参照)、調製することができる。特に、多様なジンクフィンガードメインのライブラリーを作製する方法については、例えば、Rebarら(1996)Methods Enzymol 267:129;Greisman及びPabo(1997)Science 275:657;Isalanら(2001)Nat.Biotechnol 19:656;並びにWuら(1995)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA 92:344を参照されたい。
虚血とは組織への血液供給の低下又は消失をいう。本明細書で述べる方法は虚血と関連する損傷、即ち、「虚血損傷」を処置するのに用いることができる。虚血損傷は、例えば、腎臓、肝臓、肺、膵臓、骨格筋、腸、心臓及び脳に対する損傷を含みうる。虚血損傷は、例えば、急性心筋梗塞、選択的血管形成術、冠状動脈バイパス移植、心臓バイパス又は組織若しくは臓器移植を伴う手術(例えば、心臓移植)、移植後の組織拒絶反応、移植片対宿主病、脳卒中、頭部外傷、溺水、敗血症、心停止、ショック、アテローム性動脈硬化、高血圧、コカイン誘発性心疾患、喫煙誘発性心疾患、心不全、肺高血圧、出血、毛細血管漏出症候群(例えば、小児及び成人呼吸窮迫症候群)、多臓器系不全、低膠質浸透圧状態(例えば、飢餓、神経性無食欲症又は血清蛋白質の産生低下を伴う肝不全)、アナフィラキシー、低体温、寒冷傷害(例えば、低体温灌流又は凍傷に起因する)肝腎症候群、振戦譫妄、挫滅外傷、腸間膜不全、末梢血管障害、跛行、熱傷、感電、過剰薬剤誘発性血管拡張、過剰薬剤誘発性血管収縮、放射線暴露(例えば、蛍光透視又は放射線画像検査時)或いは高エネルギーへの暴露、例えば、レーザー光への暴露と関連し、或いはそれらによって引き起こされうる。過剰薬剤誘発性血管拡張は、例えば、ニトロプルシド、ヒドララゾン(hydralazone)、ジアゾキサイド(dyazoxide)、カルシウムチャンネル遮断薬又は全身麻酔薬によって引き起こされうる。過剰薬剤誘発性血管収縮は、例えば、ネオシネフリン、イソプロテレノール、ドーパミン、ドブタミン又はコカインによって引き起こされうる。
「虚血再灌流損傷」とは、一時的な血流停止後、身体領域への血流の再構築(再灌流)から生じる損傷をいう。例えば、虚血再灌流損傷は、大動脈瘤の修復及び臓器移植のような一部の外科的処置時に生じうる。臨床的に、虚血再灌流損傷は、合併症、例えば、成人呼吸窮迫症候群を含む肺機能障害、腎機能障害、血小板減少症、微小血管内へのフィブリン沈着及び播種性血管内凝固障害を含む消費性凝固障害、一過性及び持続性脊髄損傷、不整脈及び急性虚血性事象、急性肝細胞障害及び壊死を含む肝機能障害、出血及び/又は梗塞を含む消化管機能障害並びに多臓器不全(MSOD)或いは急性全身性炎症痛症候群(acute systemic inflammatory distress syndromes)(SIRS)により明らかとなりうる。該損傷は、血液供給が遮断された身体部において生じ得、或いは虚血期中に血液を十分に供給されている体部において生じうる。
脳卒中は血管の疾患又は損傷から生じる急性脳損傷に対する一般的用語である。脳卒中は少なくとも2つの主要カテゴリー:出血性脳卒中(正常血管の外部への血液の漏出から生じる)及び虚血性脳卒中(血液供給不足による脳虚血)に分類することができる。虚血性脳卒中を引き起こしうる一部の事象には、血栓、塞栓及び全身性低循環(結果的に虚血及び低酸素を伴う)が含まれる。
脳卒中処置は、1つ又はそれ以上の脳卒中処置と組み合わせて用いることができる、1つ又はそれ以上のVLA−1アンタゴニストの使用を伴いうる。該処置は同時に施行することができるが、別個の時間に、例えば、所定の間隔内の別個の時間に、例えば、同じ48,24,12,6,2又は1時間以内に施行することもできる。更に、該処置は明確な投与様式を用いて施行することができる。
脳卒中のリスク因子を用いて、予防的用量のVLA−1アンタゴニストを付与されうる被験体又はVLA−1アンタゴニストによる処置が必要とされる更なる兆候をモニタリングすべき被験体を特定することができる。場合により、被験体は、2,3若しくは4つ又はそれ以上のリスク因子、例えば、下記一覧の因子を有する場合、処置される。
脳卒中を有し、或いは脳卒中のリスクがある被験体を処置するVLA−1アンタゴニストの能力は、例えば、様々な基準を用いて主観的又は客観的に評価することができる。多くの評価ツールが評価することに利用できる。
本明細書で述べるVLA−1アンタゴニストは外傷性脳損傷を処置するのに用いることができる。物理的力による脳に対する損傷は外傷性脳損傷(TBI)と広義に称される。TBIの結果としての作用は、脳の構造及び/又は機能の変化に起因する、正常な脳プロセスの変化を引き起こす。脳損傷には開放性頭部損傷と閉鎖性頭部損傷の2つの基本的なタイプがある。開放性頭部損傷では、弾丸のような物体が頭蓋骨を貫通し、脳組織を損傷させる。通常、閉鎖性頭部損傷は、脳が前後に煽られ、頭蓋骨の内側に跳ね返る間の頭部の急激な動きによって引き起こされる。閉鎖性頭部損傷はこの2つ中で最も一般的であり、自動車又は転落に関わる事故から生じることが多い。閉鎖性頭部損傷では、蛮力又は強力な振動が脳を損傷させる。この急激な動きの圧迫は神経線維又は軸索を引き裂いて引き伸ばし、脳の異なる部分の間の結合を破壊する。ほとんどの場合、結果として生じる凝血塊又は血腫が脳又はその周囲を押し付け、頭部内圧を上昇させる。開放性及び閉鎖性頭部損傷は脳に重度の損傷を引き起こし、早急な治療を必要とすることになりうる。
本明細書で述べるVLA−1アンタゴニストは脊髄損傷を処置するのに用いることができる。脊髄損傷(SCI)は脊髄に対する損傷であり、その正常な運動、感覚又は自律神経機能の一時的或いは恒久的変化をもたらす。臨床試験及び実験的試験では、急性SCI後、脊髄が一次性及び二次性損傷を被ることを立証している。一次性SCIは、機械的破裂、離断、硬膜外損傷又は神経要素の逸れから生じる。通常、この損傷は脊椎の骨折及び/又は脱臼で生じる。しかし、一次性SCIは脊椎の骨折又は脱臼の非存在下で生じうる。弾丸又は武器による貫通性損傷も一次性SCIを引き起こしうる(Burneyら、Arch Surg 128(5):596−9(1993))。より一般的には、変位した骨片が貫通性の脊髄又は分節脊髄神経損傷を引き起こす。硬膜外損傷も一次性SCIを引き起こしうる。脊髄硬膜外血腫又は膿瘍は急性脊髄圧迫及び損傷を引き起こす。転移性疾患由来の脊髄圧迫は一般的な腫瘍の救急事態である。屈曲又は伸長の有無に関わらない脊柱の縦方向の逸れは、脊椎の骨折又は脱臼を伴わない一次性SCIをもたらしうる。VLA−1アンタゴニストを用いて一次性脊髄損傷を処置することができる。
本明細書で述べるようないずれの分類のSCI又はその症状を処置するのに、本明細書で述べるVLA−1アンタゴニストを用いることができる。VLA−1アンタゴニストは単独で、或いは別の既知のSCI治療法と組み合わせて用いることができる。
VLA−1アンタゴニスト(例えば、抗VLA−1抗体)は、例えば、脳卒中、TBI又はSCIを処置するための被験体への投与のための医薬組成物として製剤化することができる。通常、医薬組成物は医薬的に許容可能な担体を含む。本明細書で用いられるように、「医薬的に許容可能な担体」は、生理的に適合する、ありとあらゆる溶媒、分散媒、被覆剤、抗菌剤及び抗真菌剤、等張剤及び吸収遅延剤などを含む。該組成物は医薬的に許容可能な塩、例えば、酸付加塩又は塩基付加塩を含みうる(例えば、Berge,S.M.ら(1977)J.Pharm.Sci.66:1−19を参照)。
本明細書で述べるVLA−1アンタゴニスト(例えば、抗VLA−1抗体)は、被験体、例えば、ヒト被験体に種々の方法によって投与することができる。多くの用途では、投与経路は、静脈内注射若しくは注入(IV)、皮下注射(SC)、腹腔内(IP)又は筋肉内注射の1つである。場合により、投与はCNS内、例えば、鞘内、脳室内(ICV)、脳内又は頭蓋内に直接行われうる。該アンタゴニストは固定用量として、或いはmg/kg用量にて投与することができる。
VLA−1アンタゴニスト(例えば、抗VLA−1抗体)を含む医薬組成物は、医療デバイスを用いて投与することができる。該デバイスは、例えば、未熟な被験体又は当該分野の救急スタッフが救急事態において使用でき、医療施設及び他の医療装置に移動させることができるように、可搬性、室温保存及び使用容易性のような特徴を持たせて設計することができる。該デバイスは、例えば、VLA−1アンタゴニストを含む医薬調製物を収納するための1つ又はそれ以上の収容部を含み得、1又はそれ以上の単位用量の該アンタゴニストを送達するように構成されうる。
(プロトコル)
Charles River Lab社から得た体重18〜20gのC57B6雌マウスを本試験に用いた。以下の条件で概述される二試験群にマウスを分類した。
1,右前足を伸ばすことができない(軽度)
2,対側への旋回(中等度)
3,歩行及び右側反射の喪失(重度)
両群においてMCA閉塞後の虚血損傷の体積を測定した。2時間のMCAO後の再灌流の24時間後、断頭によりマウスを殺処分し、脳を速やかに取り出し、マウス脳マトリックスを用いて6つの1mm厚冠状断面にスライスした。次に、暗所にて脳切片を室温で30分、2%2,3,5−塩化トリフェニルテトラゾリウム(TTC,Sigma社)中で染色し、次に、一晩、10%中性緩衝ホルマリンに入れた。イメージスキャナ上で脳薄片を直接スキャンした。各切片の後面上で損傷を測定した(NIH Image 1.61、米国国立衛生研究所(US National Institutes of Health))。皮質及び線条体における梗塞領域の直接測定を行い、次に、これを浮腫の影響を排除するために以下の式を用いて補正した。
対側皮質の間接梗塞領域(%)=[(対側領域−同側非外傷領域)/対側領域]×100
総梗塞体積は、皮質及び線条体を含む連続梗塞領域の数値積分により計算した。以前の処置に関して観察者が盲検化されるように、該切片をコード化した後に測定を行った。対側無傷半球と比較した虚血半球サイズの増大(%)として浮腫を定量化した。
MCAOを受けた対照抗体処置マウスは、脳の皮質及び皮質下領域全体にわたり、広範な損傷を保持した。虚血半球は著しく肥大し、有意な行動欠陥が認められた(例えば、回旋及び肢麻痺をもたらす不全片麻痺;図1A参照)。
これらのデータは、マウスでの可逆性中大脳動脈閉塞モデルにおける、VLA−1阻害の神経保護及び抗炎症作用を示す。このモデルの病理は、ヒト脳卒中の病状並びに他のCNS虚血損傷、例えば、TBI及びSCIを臨床的に表し、本データは、VLA−1の阻害剤がこれら及び他の虚血関連疾患の処置において有意な利益となりうることを示唆している。
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CA2652815A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
DK2034830T3 (da) | 2014-10-27 |
AU2007267579A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
MX2008014793A (es) | 2008-12-02 |
CN101494978A (zh) | 2009-07-29 |
JP2013082732A (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
CN105381459A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
JP2017222719A (ja) | 2017-12-21 |
PT2034830E (pt) | 2014-10-14 |
BRPI0712607A2 (pt) | 2012-08-14 |
US20100233159A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
US20190101546A1 (en) | 2019-04-04 |
JP2016138147A (ja) | 2016-08-04 |
EP2034830B1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
EP2034830A4 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
BRPI0712607A8 (pt) | 2019-06-04 |
EP2034830A1 (en) | 2009-03-18 |
ES2509878T3 (es) | 2014-10-20 |
US10119979B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 |
WO2007140249A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
ES2685802T3 (es) | 2018-10-11 |
EP2839843B1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
HK1207576A1 (en) | 2016-02-05 |
US20210018519A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
JP6445997B2 (ja) | 2018-12-26 |
JP5801281B2 (ja) | 2015-10-28 |
JP2009538346A (ja) | 2009-11-05 |
JP5970027B2 (ja) | 2016-08-17 |
AU2007267579B2 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
PL2034830T3 (pl) | 2015-04-30 |
JP5496658B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
EP2839843A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
CA2652815C (en) | 2015-12-15 |
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