JP2013086063A - Cylindrical centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cylindrical centrifugal separator capable of remarkably improving separation efficiency of centrifugal separation at the same revolving speed as the conventional.SOLUTION: In the cylindrical centrifugal separator provided with a hollow rotation cylinder 1 rotating around a vertical shaft center and an interior body 2 inserted in the hollow rotation cylinder 1, the interior body 2 has a fine cylindrical part 20 comprising a lower conical face 20a, an intermediate circumferential face 20b, and an upper conical face 20c, three to six of vertical fins 21 projected from the lower conical face 20a of the fine cylindrical part 20 to the intermediate circumferential face 20b, and a plurality of circular ring-like lateral fins 23 projected on the intermediate circumferential face 20b at the same or higher projection height h as the projection height H of each of the vertical fins 21. Furthermore, a plurality of circular ring 3 facing minute gaps S with the outer peripheral end edge of each of the lateral fins 23 are projected on an inner peripheral face 11a of the hollow rotation cylinder 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cylindrical centrifuge.

A conventional cylindrical centrifuge includes a hollow rotating cylinder that rotates around a vertical axis, and an interior body that is inserted into the hollow rotating cylinder and rotates integrally with the hollow rotating body.
The interior body has four vertical fins in which strip members are arranged in a cross shape (see, for example, Patent Document 1), or three vertical fins radially arranged as shown in FIG. Some had 91.

JP-T-2002-529242

  However, in conventional interior bodies, centrifugal force is unlikely to act on the fluid to be processed in the vicinity of the vertical axis, so that it cannot be said that the separation efficiency is sufficiently high. In particular, the solid particle size is 1 μm or less ( Hereinafter, separation efficiency was extremely low in ultrafine particles).

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical centrifuge that can efficiently centrifuge ultrafine particles at the same rotational speed as conventional ones.

  In order to achieve the above object, a cylindrical centrifuge of the present invention is a cylindrical centrifuge provided with a hollow rotating cylinder that rotates around a vertical axis and an interior body that is inserted into the hollow rotating cylinder. In this case, the interior body includes a thin cylindrical portion having a lower conical surface, an intermediate circumferential surface, and an upper conical surface, and three pieces projecting from the lower conical surface of the thin cylindrical portion to the intermediate circumferential surface. -6 vertical fins, and a plurality of annular horizontal fins protruding from the intermediate circumferential surface and having a protruding height equal to or higher than the protruding height of the vertical fins, Further, a plurality of annular rings that are opposed to each other with a minute gap between the outer peripheral edges of the horizontal fins are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow rotary cylinder.

  Alternatively, in a cylindrical centrifuge provided with a hollow rotating cylinder that rotates around a vertical axis and an inner body inserted into the hollow rotating cylinder, the inner body has a lower conical surface and an intermediate circumference. A thin cylindrical portion composed of a surface and an upper conical surface, three to six vertical fins projecting from the lower conical surface of the thin cylindrical portion to the intermediate circumferential surface, and a protruding height of the vertical fins A plurality of annular lateral fins having a small protruding height and projecting from the intermediate circumferential surface.

  According to the present invention, the separation efficiency of ultrafine particles (without increasing the number of rotations) can be remarkably improved (compared to the prior art).

It is a simplified block diagram which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part sectional side view of a 1st embodiment. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a principal part expanded sectional view. It is a principal part cross-sectional side view of 2nd Embodiment. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is a graph which shows the separation efficiency of 1st Example and 2nd Example. It is a graph for comparing the separation efficiency of a 3rd Example and a prior art example. It is a principal part sectional top view for demonstrating a prior art.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the cylindrical centrifuge according to the present invention is attached to a transmission rotating shaft 9 that is rotated by the rotational force of an electric motor M in a suspended manner, and rotates around a vertical axis L. A hollow rotating cylinder 1 is provided. Then, a fluid to be treated (liquid or slurry fluid) W is introduced into the inside from the lower part of the hollow rotating cylinder 1 and separated into light and heavy specific gravity fluids by centrifugal force, and processed fluid with low specific gravity. This is a vertical type in which W ′ is discharged from the upper part of the hollow rotating cylinder 1.

  In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the hollow rotary cylinder 1 has a processing chamber (housing chamber) 11 formed by an internal cylindrical space, and a fluid W to be processed is provided in the processing chamber 11. And an interior body 2 that is rotated at the same speed as the hollow rotary cylinder 1 is inserted.

  The interior body 2 protrudes from the lower conical surface 20a of the narrow cylindrical portion 20 to the intermediate circumferential surface 20b. The narrow cylindrical portion 20 is tapered at both ends, and is composed of an upper conical surface 20c, an intermediate circumferential surface 20b, and a lower conical surface 20a. A plurality of (four) strip-like vertical fins 21 provided and a plurality of annular plate-like projections arranged on a horizontal plane (a plane perpendicular to the vertical fins 21) and projecting from the intermediate circumferential surface 20b It has (three) horizontal fins 23.

  In the thin cylindrical portion 20, the outer diameter D20 of the intermediate circumferential surface 20b is set to 55% to 95% of the inner diameter D1 (of the processing chamber 11) of the hollow rotating cylinder 1. More preferably, it is set to 60% or more and 90% or less. If it is less than the lower limit value, the flow of the fluid to be processed W cannot be formed near the inner peripheral surface 11a (of the processing chamber 11) of the hollow rotary cylinder 1, and sufficient centrifugal force does not act on the fluid to be processed W, which is high. There is a possibility that the separation efficiency cannot be obtained. If the upper limit is exceeded, the fluid W to be processed does not flow smoothly without resistance, and the efficiency may decrease.

  The horizontal fins 23 are formed so that the protruding height h from the intermediate circumferential surface 20b is equal to or higher than the protruding height H of the vertical fins 21. Specifically, the protruding height h (h1) of the horizontal fins 23 is formed in a size of 100% or more and 150% or less of the protruding height H (H1) of the vertical fins 21.

A plurality (three) of annular rings 3 facing the outer peripheral edge (outer peripheral surface) of each horizontal fin 23 are provided on the inner peripheral surface 11 a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1. That is, the positions of the horizontal fins 23 and the annular ring 3 in the vertical axis L direction (vertical direction) are substantially matched (substantially the same position). Note that “substantially coincident (substantially the same position)” means a state in which the outer peripheral surface corresponding to 30% or more of the vertical thickness dimension E23 of the horizontal fin 23 faces the inner peripheral surface of the annular ring 3.
Further, the vertical thickness dimension E3 of the annular ring 3 is preferably set to 50% to 300% of the vertical thickness dimension E23 of the lateral fin 23.

That is, a minute gap S is formed between the outer peripheral edge of each lateral fin 23 and the inner peripheral surface of the annular ring 3. The minute gap dimension S1 of the minute gap S is set to 0.5 to 3.0 mm. That is, the inner diameter D3 of the annular ring 3 is formed to be 1.0 to 6.0 mm larger than the outer diameter D23 of the lateral fin 23.
The outer diameter D23 of the horizontal fin 23 is formed to be 60% or more and 99% or less of the inner diameter D1 of the hollow rotary cylinder 1. More preferably, it is 65% or more and 95% or less.

Further, the vertical fin 21 has a bulging portion 21a at the lower end portion that protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral edge and abuts against the inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 to generate a contact friction force. ing. The vertical fin 21 forms a gap J with the inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 except for the bulging portion 21a. The gap J is formed with a gap dimension J1 larger than the minute gap dimension S1.
Further, the vertical fin 21 extends to the upper end portion above the upper end edge of the intermediate circumferential surface 20b, contacts the ceiling surface 11d of the hollow rotary cylinder 1, and generates a contact frictional force. 21b.

  Due to the contact frictional force generated by the bulging portion 21a and the extending portion 21b, the rotational force of the hollow rotating cylinder 1 is transmitted to the interior body 2, and the interior body 2 rotates in the same direction as the hollow rotating cylinder 1 at approximately the same rotational speed. It is provided as follows. Further, the downward sliding (positional deviation) of the interior body 2 is prevented by the contact frictional force of the bulging portion 21a.

  Next, in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the interior body 2 housed in the hollow rotary cylinder 1 is a thin cylinder composed of a lower conical surface 20a, an intermediate circumferential surface 20b, and an upper conical surface 20c. Portion 20, a plurality of (four) vertical fins 21 projecting from the lower conical surface 20a of the thin cylindrical portion 20 to the intermediate circumferential surface 20b, and a horizontal plane that projects from the intermediate circumferential surface 20b A plurality of (three) horizontal fins 23 are provided.

The outer diameter D20 of the intermediate circumferential surface 20b is formed to be 55% or more and 90% or less of the inner diameter D1 of the hollow rotary cylinder 1. More preferably, it is formed in a range of 60% to 85%.
Further, the horizontal fin 23 is formed so that the protruding height (dimension) h is smaller than the protruding height (dimension) H of the vertical fin 21. Specifically, the protruding height h (h2) of the horizontal fins 23 is formed to be 60% to 99% of the protruding height H (H2) of the vertical fins 21.

Here, the outer end edge of the vertical fin 21 is provided so as to contact (contact) the inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1. The inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 and the outer peripheral edge of each lateral fin 23 are opposed to each other with a minute gap S. The minute gap dimension S2 of the minute gap S is set to 0.5 to 3.0 mm.
In other words, a minute step portion T is formed between the horizontal fin 23 and the vertical fin 21, and the minute step size T2 is set to 0.5 to 3.0 mm.

Further, the outer peripheral edge of the vertical fin 21 abuts on the inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 to generate a contact friction force. Further, the vertical fin 21 has, at the upper end portion, a contact extending portion 21b that contacts the ceiling surface 11d and generates a frictional force.
That is, the vertical fins 21 are formed along the lower conical surface 20a and continuously from the lower end edge to the upper end edge of the intermediate circumferential surface 20b, and further, the upper end edge of the intermediate circumferential surface 20b. It has the extending | stretching part 21b which protruded upwards.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the processing chamber 11 in the hollow rotary cylinder 1 is a plurality of (four) small processing chambers divided in the vertical direction by three horizontal fins 23. 19 (19a, 19b, 19c, 19d) is formed. The small processing chambers 19 communicate with each other in the vertical direction via the minute gap S.
Further, the hollow rotary cylinder 1 has an introduction path 13 for allowing the fluid W to be processed to flow into the small processing chamber 19a at the lowest position in the direction of the vertical axis L at the lower part, and is centrifuged at the upper part. A discharge path 14 for discharging the fluid (processed fluid) W ′ from the uppermost small processing chamber 19d is provided.
The hollow rotary cylinder 1 includes a covered cylindrical case member 10 into which the interior body 2 is inserted, and a bottom cover member 12 that is detachably screwed into a lower opening of the case member 10.
The inner body 2 is detachably incorporated into the hollow rotary cylinder 1 by contact friction force (fitting force), and can be removed from the case member 10 by removing the bottom cover member 12. That is, cleaning of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 and recovery and maintenance of the separated object are facilitated.

Although not shown, two or four or more horizontal fins 23 may be provided, but preferably three or more. The pitch dimension P of the horizontal fins 23 is preferably 100% or more and 150% or less of the inner diameter dimension D1 of the hollow rotating cylinder 1.
Further, as shown in the figure, the horizontal fins 23 are arranged in the shape of a cross in a plan view as shown in the figure, or in the circumferential direction around the vertical axis L, three pieces are arranged radially, or 5 It is good also as a sheet or six sheets.

In the present invention, the design can be changed, and a cylindrical or cloth-like sheet member for collecting (attaching) a solid component (ultrafine particle) having a large specific gravity that has been centrifuged is attached to the case member 10. You may interiorize cylindrically along an internal peripheral surface. That is, in the present invention, in the case where the case member 10 is internally provided with the recovery sheet member as the hollow rotary cylinder 1, the processing chamber 11 is surrounded by the cylindrically arranged sheet member. The inner circumferential surface 11a of the hollow rotating cylinder 1 is an inner circumferential surface of a sheet member disposed in a cylindrical shape on the case member 10, and the inner diameter dimension D1 of the hollow rotating cylinder 1 is cylindrical. The inner diameter dimension of the sheet member.
Further, the number of the introduction paths 13 and the discharge paths 14 and the shape of the flow path may be other than those illustrated.

Next, the operation of the cylindrical centrifuge of the present invention will be described.
When the motor M is driven, the hollow rotating cylinder 1 rotates together with the transmission rotating shaft 9. The inner body 2 rotates integrally with the hollow rotary cylinder 1 (at the same rotational speed) by the contact frictional force with the vertical fins 21.

First, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, when the fluid W to be processed flows into the hollow rotary cylinder 1 from below along the vertical axis L, the small processing chamber 19a at the lowest position is provided. In the inside, it is guided along the lower conical surface 20a in the direction of the inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 (radially outward). Furthermore, the intermediate circumferential surface 20b flows in the vicinity of the inner circumferential surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 (at a position away from the vertical axis L).
The to-be-processed fluid W receives a large (strong) centrifugal force, and as shown in FIG. 4, a solid component (substance to be separated) Q to be separated adheres to the inner peripheral surface 11a.

  Furthermore, the to-be-processed fluid W (Wa) flowing along the inner peripheral surface 11 a flows through the minute gap S so as to get over the annular ring 3. At this time, the annular ring 3 serves as a weir to prevent the fluid Wa along the inner peripheral surface 11a from conveying the separation object Q to the next (upper position) small processing chamber 19.

  Further, the horizontal fin 23 guides the fluid Wb to be processed in the vicinity of the intermediate circumferential surface 20 b to the inner circumferential surface 11 a side and sends it to the minute gap S between the annular ring 3 and the lateral fin 23. That is, the fluid Wb on the intermediate circumferential surface 20b side that has not been subjected to the centrifugal force from the fluid Wa to be treated on the inner peripheral surface 11a side (not sufficiently separated) It moves to the surface 11a side, and a strong centrifugal force is applied in the next small processing chamber 19.

  Further, when the fluid W to be processed flowing through the minute gap S flows from the small processing chamber 19 at the lower position into the next small processing chamber 19, the fluid W flows in an obliquely upward direction toward the radial outward direction due to the centrifugal force, and the orifice Separation efficiency can be improved by increasing the flow velocity and pressure due to the effect.

Then, in the upper part of the small processing chamber 19d at the uppermost position, the processed fluid W ′ smoothly flows to the discharge path 14 with low resistance along the upper conical surface 20c.
Further, in the processing chamber 11, the vertical fin 21 is configured so that the fluid W to be processed rotates together to receive a sufficient centrifugal force.

  In the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the fluid W to be processed flows near the inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 by the lower conical surface 20a and the intermediate circumferential surface 20b. Furthermore, by passing through the minute gap S between the inner peripheral surface 11a and the outer peripheral edge of the horizontal fin 23, the fluid W to be processed can be stably sent along the inner peripheral surface 11a, and the stronger centrifugal The separation efficiency is improved by sending the force upward while applying force.

  Here, regarding the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the separation efficiency between the first example in which the minute gap dimension S1 is 3 mm and the second example in which the minute gap dimension S1 is 0.5 mm is shown. 7 shows. As is clear from FIG. 7, an object to be separated having a particle size of 0.7 μm or more can be separated by 80% or more even at a low rotation speed (10000 rpm). It is clear that sufficient separation efficiency can be obtained without increasing the rotational speed. Although not shown in the figure, in the conventional interior body 90 and the hollow rotary cylinder 80 as shown in FIG. 9, 12000 rpm or more is required to separate 80% or more of an object having a particle size of 0.7 μm or more. Met. Further, when the minute gap dimension S1 was less than 0.5 mm or more than 3 mm, the efficiency was better than that of the prior art, but the efficiency was lower than that of the first and second embodiments.

Next, the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 is a third example, and the three vertical fins 91 illustrated in FIG. 9 are equally distributed radially in the circumferential direction around the vertical axis L. FIG. 8 shows a graph comparing the separation efficiencies using a technology using the interior body 90 as a conventional example. The hollow rotary cylinder 1 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 and the hollow rotary cylinder 80 shown in FIG. 9 are the same.
As is apparent from FIG. 8, when separation is performed at the same rotational speed, the third embodiment is more efficient. That is, it can be said that the same separation efficiency can be obtained with a smaller number of rotations than in the prior art. In particular, the difference in efficiency is clear when separating a separation object having a particle size of 0.7 μm or less, and it can be said that it is effective for the separation of such a very small separation object.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the design can be freely changed. In FIG. 2, FIG. It is also preferable to fix (project) the outer peripheral surface of the thin cylindrical portion 20.

  As described above, the cylindrical centrifuge of the present invention includes the hollow centrifuge 1 that rotates about the vertical axis L and the interior centrifuge 2 that is inserted into the hollow centrifuge 1. In this case, the interior body 2 protrudes from the lower conical surface 20a of the thin cylindrical portion 20 to the intermediate circumferential surface 20b. The thin cylindrical portion 20 includes the lower conical surface 20a, the intermediate circumferential surface 20b, and the upper conical surface 20c. Three to six vertical fins 21 provided, and a plurality of annular fins having a protrusion height h that is equal to or higher than the protrusion height H of the vertical fin 21 and protruding from the intermediate circumferential surface 20b Further, a plurality of annular rings 3 are provided on the inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 so as to be opposed to each other with a minute gap S between the outer peripheral edges of the horizontal fins 23. As a result, the fluid W to be treated is present closer to the radially outer side of the hollow rotary cylinder 1 and a strong centrifugal force acts. Thus, centrifugation can be performed with high separation efficiency. Moreover, the interior body 2 can be reduced in weight while increasing the proportion of the interior body 2 in the hollow rotary cylinder 1 as compared with the prior art. The resistance from the inflow to the discharge of the fluid W to be processed can be reduced, and the portion closer to the inner peripheral surface 11a of the hollow rotary tube 1 can be sent smoothly and stably.

  Further, in the cylindrical centrifuge provided with the hollow rotating cylinder 1 rotating around the vertical axis L and the inner body 2 inserted into the hollow rotating cylinder 1, the inner body 2 has a lower conical surface 20a. A thin cylindrical portion 20 composed of an intermediate circumferential surface 20b and an upper conical surface 20c, and three to six vertical fins 21 projecting from the lower conical surface 20a of the thin cylindrical portion 20 to the intermediate circumferential surface 20b; A plurality of annular horizontal fins 23 having a projection height h smaller than the projection height H of the vertical fins 21 and projecting from the intermediate circumferential surface 20b. A strong centrifugal force acts on the cylinder 1 on the radially outward side. As a result, the separation efficiency can be remarkably improved even with ultrafine particles. In addition, the interior body 2 can be made lighter while the proportion of the interior body 2 in the hollow rotary cylinder 1 is larger than that of the prior art. The flow from the inflow to the discharge of the fluid W to be processed can be reduced and the flow can be smoothly performed.

1 hollow rotating cylinder 2 interior body 3 annular ring
11a Inner peripheral surface
20 Thin cylindrical part
20a Lower conical surface
20b Middle circumferential surface
20c upper conical surface
21 Vertical fin
23 Horizontal fin H Projection height of vertical fin h Projection height of horizontal fin L Vertical axis S Small gap

Claims (2)

In a cylindrical centrifuge provided with a hollow rotating cylinder (1) rotating around a vertical axis (L) and an interior body (2) inserted into the hollow rotating cylinder (1),
The interior body (2) includes a thin cylindrical portion (20) composed of a lower conical surface (20a), an intermediate circumferential surface (20b), and an upper conical surface (20c), and the lower conical portion of the thin cylindrical portion (20). 3 to 6 vertical fins (21) projecting from the surface (20a) to the intermediate circumferential surface (20b), and a protrusion height (H) of the vertical fin (21) equal to or more than A plurality of annular lateral fins (23) having a projection height (h) and projecting from the intermediate circumferential surface (20b),
Furthermore, a plurality of annular rings (3) facing each other with a minute gap (S) between the outer peripheral edges of the horizontal fins (23) are provided on the inner peripheral surface (11a) of the hollow rotary cylinder (1). A cylindrical centrifuge characterized by protruding. In a cylindrical centrifuge provided with a hollow rotating cylinder (1) rotating around a vertical axis (L) and an interior body (2) inserted into the hollow rotating cylinder (1),
The interior body (2) includes a thin cylindrical portion (20) composed of a lower conical surface (20a), an intermediate circumferential surface (20b), and an upper conical surface (20c), and the lower conical portion of the thin cylindrical portion (20). Three to six vertical fins (21) projecting from the surface (20a) to the intermediate circumferential surface (20b), and a protrusion height smaller than the protrusion height (H) of the vertical fin (21) A cylindrical centrifuge having (h) a plurality of annular lateral fins (23) projecting from the intermediate circumferential surface (20b).

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