JP2012002191A - Hybrid engine using the same cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new hybrid engine that attains thermal efficiency equal to or higher than that of an internal combustion engine and having characteristics of a recirculating gas engine with high contribution to environmental protection and resource protection.SOLUTION: The hybrid engine includes an engine body section 6 in which both an internal combustion engine section and an internal pressure engine section that uses high pressure acquired by expanding a circulating gas, generate outputs in the same cylinder. The internal combustion engine section is preferably either of a diesel engine and a gasoline engine. A carbon dioxide gas, a nitrogen gas, and an argon gas can be utilized as the circulating gas of the internal pressure engine section. Thermal energy can be effectively utilized by exchanging heat between cooling water for cooling an exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine section and/or the engine body section 6 and the circulation gas introduced to the internal pressure engine section. An operation of the internal combustion engine section and an operation of the internal pressure engine section may be alternatively performed, and further, a scavenging operation for introducing and discharging air into the cylinder may be added between the operation of the internal combustion engine section and the operation of the internal pressure engine section.

Description

  The present invention relates to a new type of circulating gas hybrid engine that serves both as an internal combustion engine and a circulating gas internal pressure engine.

  From the viewpoint of saving resources and energy, and dealing with environmental problems, high-pressure circulation gas engines that use a gas medium such as nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide, and argon to obtain output have been studied. The gas medium compressed by high pressure, preferably liquefied, is heated and expanded, and an actuator such as a piston in the cylinder is operated with this expansion energy to obtain an output. Is expected to be able to provide.

  As an example, FIG. 3 shows an outline of a circulating gas engine 100 using carbon dioxide gas disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 as a gas medium. In the figure, a circulating gas engine 100 includes an initial tank 101 that stores liquid carbon dioxide, and a heat exchanger 102 that heats the liquid carbon dioxide introduced from the initial tank 101 by carbon dioxide discharged from the circulating gas engine 100 (both documents). In this case, “cooling device” for cooling the exhaust carbon dioxide side), the engine body 103 driven by adiabatic expansion of the liquid carbon dioxide gas, the pump 104 for pumping the exhaust carbon dioxide from the engine body 103, and the pumped carbon dioxide gas A recovery tank 105 to be recovered, a compressor 106 that pressurizes the recovered carbon dioxide gas after being cooled through the heat exchanger 102, a circulation tank 107 that stores the compressed carbon dioxide gas, and a pipe 108 that connects them are mainly configured. ing.

  In the operation of the circulating gas engine 100 disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 configured as described above, first, liquid carbon dioxide gas stored in the initial tank 101 (partially mixed with carbon dioxide gas) is connected to the pipe 108. Is led to the heat exchanger 102 and is heated, vaporized, and expanded by heat exchange with the exhaust carbon dioxide described later, and becomes high-pressure carbon dioxide. This high-pressure gas is introduced into the engine main body 103, an actuator such as a piston in a cylinder is operated, and an output is obtained by changing this into a rotational force in the same manner as a normal engine. The engine main body 103 may be a rotary engine. The exhaust gas (carbon dioxide gas) after driving the engine body 103 is first guided to the recovery tank 105 by the pump 104 and further sent to the heat exchanger 102 where it is communicated with the relatively low-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide gas. Heat exchange and cooling. The cooled carbon dioxide gas is sent to the compressor 106, where it is pressurized to about 40 atm and then sent to the circulation tank 107 where it is stored. In the subsequent driving of the engine body 103, the carbon dioxide stored in the circulation tank 107 mainly circulates and operates, and only the supplementary carbon dioxide gas is sent from the initial tank 101. The pump 104 and the compressor 106 are driven by the rotational driving force of the engine body 103 being transmitted via a belt or the like, as indicated by the one-dot chain line in the figure. In FIG. 3, for convenience of explanation, various switching valves, concentration sensors, oil separation devices, and the like are omitted.

  According to the above configuration, it is possible to circulate and use the carbon dioxide gas present infinitely on the earth without being discharged into the atmosphere, and it is more environmentally friendly than conventional internal combustion engines. In addition, since no fuel is required, a power source that contributes to resource protection can be obtained. Moreover, the patent document states that an output comparable to that of an internal combustion engine can be obtained.

JP 2008-215270 A JP 2008-297756 A

  However, there is still room for improvement in the conventional circulating gas engine as shown in the above example. For example, in the method shown in FIG. 3 disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a problem at the time of starting the engine can be recalled. Even if an attempt is made to start the circulating gas engine 100 by opening the valve of the initial tank 101 and supplying carbon dioxide gas, it is still doubtful whether a smooth start is possible. At the time of start-up, heat exchange with the exhaust carbon dioxide is not sufficiently performed, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient pressure increase and expansion of the carbon dioxide necessary for engine start. In addition, it is assumed that a large amount of carbon dioxide gas needs to be supplied from the initial tank 101 immediately after start-up even when the pressurization by the compressor 106 does not provide a sufficient supply of discharged carbon dioxide gas. Both documents describe the provision of a compressor 109 (see FIG. 3) to increase the efficiency of volume expansion by supplying hot air gas to the engine body 103 by carbon dioxide compression. The drive is not sufficient, and an abundant supply of hot air gas is difficult to expect. Therefore, the engine is started only by opening the valve of the initial tank 101 when starting the engine, and it is expected that it is difficult to start smoothly. Also, even if a cell motor is used to assist this, it is considered that rotation by the cell motor alone is not sufficient, and it seems necessary to keep rotating for a considerably long time. However, problems such as the need for a powerful cell motor and a large-capacity battery are expected.

  Furthermore, in the circulation type gas engine 100 disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the heat energy on the heating side used in the heat exchanger 102 burns differently from that of the internal combustion engine even after the transition to steady operation. Only low-temperature gas obtained by simple gas expansion operation without any use can be used. For this reason, it is not necessarily efficient to vaporize and expand the carbon dioxide gas from the initial tank 101 or the carbon dioxide gas from the circulation tank 107 that is sent to the engine side during the heat exchange enough to drive the engine body 103. There is also a problem.

  These problems are not limited to the circulating gas engine 100 disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, but can be similarly applied to all circulating gas engines that have been studied in the prior art. As described above, the present invention solves the problems of the conventional circulating gas engine as described above, realizes thermal efficiency equal to or higher than that of the conventional internal combustion engine, and contributes to environmental protection and resource protection. The purpose is to provide a new hybrid technology that can realize the characteristics of a highly recirculating gas engine.

  The present invention makes use of the characteristics of a circulation type gas engine and makes a hybrid type circulation gas hybrid engine using an internal combustion engine to compensate for the weaknesses of the conventional circulation type gas engine and to solve the above problems. Specifically, the following contents are included. In general, the term “hybrid engine (engine)” means an engine related to a combination of an internal combustion engine and an electric motor that is widely used in automobiles. “Hybrid” in the present specification means a combination of the above-described circulation type gas engine and internal combustion engine unless otherwise specified.

  One aspect of the present invention is obtained by operating an actuator using explosive force obtained by burning fuel in a cylinder to obtain an output, and pressurizing and expanding a circulating gas. The internal pressure engine part that obtains output is combined by operating the actuator by introducing the high pressure that is generated into the cylinder, and the output generation operation of both the internal combustion engine part and the internal pressure engine part is performed using the same cylinder It relates to a circulating gas hybrid engine.

  The operation of the internal combustion engine part and the operation of the internal pressure engine part can be configured to be performed alternately in the same cylinder.

  During the switching from the operation of the internal combustion engine section to the operation of the internal pressure engine section, or during the switching from the operation of the internal pressure engine section to the operation of the internal combustion engine section, outside air or circulating gas is introduced into the cylinder. A scavenging operation of introducing and discharging may be further performed.

  The heat energy of exhaust gas discharged after combustion in the internal combustion engine section, the heat energy of cooling water for cooling the internal combustion engine section, or the heat energy introduced from the outside of the engine as a working medium of the internal pressure engine It may be configured to increase the operating efficiency of the internal pressure engine by using it for gas heating and expansion.

  The internal combustion engine section can be operated by either a diesel cycle or an Otto cycle. The circulating gas may be any one of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, the driving force generated by the power source is transmitted to the axle to rotate the wheels to rotate the vehicle, thereby rotating the motor by the electric power generated by the power source. The present invention relates to a vehicle that is driven and thereby obtains a driving propulsion force, wherein the power source is any one of the circulating gas hybrid engines described above.

  By implementing the present invention, it is possible to provide an engine with low fuel consumption and low exhaust gas as compared with a conventional internal combustion engine, which can contribute to resource saving and environmental protection. Further, it is possible to provide an engine having a good startability and an efficient and stable output as compared with a conventional circulating gas engine.

It is a lineblock diagram of the same cylinder circulation gas hybrid engine concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a block diagram of the same cylinder circulation gas hybrid engine which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the circulation type gas engine in a prior art.

  Hereinafter, the same cylinder hybrid engine (hereinafter referred to as “circulation gas hybrid engine”) according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which combines a circulation gas engine (hereinafter also referred to as “internal pressure engine”) and an internal combustion engine. Will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a circulating gas hybrid engine 1 according to the present embodiment. The circulating gas hybrid engine 1 according to the present embodiment includes a single-cylinder engine body portion serving as both an internal combustion engine portion and an internal pressure engine portion. 6 is provided. Of these, a four-stroke diesel engine is used in the present embodiment for an internal combustion engine, but this may be a two-stroke engine or a gasoline engine. The engine body 6 mainly includes a cylinder 13, a piston 14 that strokes in the cylinder 13, a connecting rod 16 that transmits the force of the piston 14, and a crankshaft 17 that converts the vertical movement of the connecting rod 16 into rotational movement. Is done. Further, the fuel system includes a fuel tank 11 and a fuel injection pump 12 that guides the fuel in the fuel tank 11 and injects the fuel into the cylinder 13 at a high pressure. A cooling water passage 18 is circulated around the cylinder 13, and the cooling water circulates to cool the heat generated by the combustion. These configurations are the same as those of a conventional diesel engine. Further, explanation and display of supplementary notes similar to those of the prior art including the lubrication system other than these are omitted.

  The circulating gas hybrid engine 1 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the engine main body portion 6 serving as the internal combustion engine portion described above is also used as an internal pressure engine portion. Here, the “internal pressure engine” is used as a term corresponding to the internal combustion engine, and means an engine that obtains output by gas expansion without combustion. When the engine body 6 operates as an internal pressure engine, circulating high-pressure gas is introduced into the cylinder 13. In the internal pressure engine section, heat exchange is performed between the initial tank 31 for storing liquefied gas (gas may be mixed) and the liquefied gas introduced from the initial tank 31 with cooling water described later. A heat exchanger 33 that vaporizes and expands the liquefied gas by using exhaust heat from the adjustment tank 32 and an internal combustion engine section, which will be described later, and exhaust carbon dioxide that is discharged after the piston 14 is stroked are collected and pressurized. The compressor 34 and the piping 35 which connects between these are included. For convenience of explanation, in this specification, the internal combustion engine part including the engine main body part 6 and the auxiliary machinery for the internal combustion engine is referred to as the internal pressure engine part, and the internal combustion engine part 6 and the auxiliary machinery for the internal pressure engine are referred to as the internal pressure engine part. There is.

  The circulating gas hybrid engine 1 according to the present embodiment uses a common engine body 6 for the internal combustion engine section and the internal pressure engine section, but the intake system and exhaust system are for the internal combustion engine and the internal pressure engine, respectively. Separately provided. In the illustrated example, the engine body 6 includes at least one intake valve 21 and an exhaust valve 22 for an internal combustion engine, and at least one intake valve (high pressure gas spray valve) 23 and an exhaust valve 24 for an internal pressure engine. It is provided one by one. The intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 for an internal combustion engine introduce air from the atmosphere using negative pressure and positive pressure generated by the stroke of the piston 14 in the cylinder 13 in the same manner as a normal diesel engine. The gas after combustion is discharged. For one internal pressure engine, the intake valve 23 functions to spray high-pressure gas into the cylinder 13 and the exhaust valve 24 functions to discharge and collect the expanded circulation gas from the cylinder 13. The intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 for the internal combustion engine and the intake valve 23 and the exhaust valve 24 for the internal pressure engine are configured to operate in accordance with the operation cycle of the corresponding engine section. That is, while one engine (for example, an internal combustion engine) is operating, the intake valve and exhaust valve for the engine operate, and the intake valve and exhaust valve of the other engine (same internal pressure engine) remain closed.

  The circulating gas hybrid engine 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above operates as follows. First, at the time of start-up, the internal combustion engine section 10 with good startability mainly acts, and in the illustrated example, start-up can be performed by the same operation as a normal diesel engine. That is, in an internal combustion engine section that is a diesel engine, a cell motor (not shown) is operated by removing a compression pressure by an operation of a decompression (not shown) to rotate the circulating gas hybrid engine 1, and the decompression is closed by the inertia after the rotation. The inside of the fuel tank 13 is pressurized, and fuel is injected from the fuel pump 12 into the cylinder 13 to ignite. For further improvement of startability, auxiliary devices known in the prior art such as a glow plug can be used. Once the internal combustion engine is started, the engine main body 6 starts to operate, the internal pressure engine also starts to operate using the common engine main body 6, and the internal combustion engine and internal pressure engine sections use the engine main body 6. Generate output.

  Here, the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to operate the internal combustion engine section and the internal pressure engine section alternately. That is, the internal pressure engine portion does not operate while the internal combustion engine portion operates, and conversely, the internal combustion engine portion does not operate while the internal pressure engine portion operates, and this operation is repeated alternately. When the internal combustion engine portion is a four-cycle diesel engine, the negative pressure generated by the downward stroke of the piston 14 is used, the intake valve 21 is opened to introduce outside air, and this is compressed by the next upward stroke of the piston 14 to increase the temperature. Explode the fuel in the state. Explosive gas generated by lowering the piston 14 by this explosion and generating power is discharged out of the cylinder 13 through the exhaust valve 22 opened by the rising stroke of the next piston 14. During this time, the intake valve 23 and the exhaust valve 24 for the internal pressure engine remain closed.

  In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas is guided to the heat exchanger 33 at a high temperature and is heated with the liquefied gas (or a circulating gas described later, hereinafter the same) that is also introduced into the heat exchanger 33. Used for exchange. The exhaust gas cooled after the heat exchange is then released to the atmosphere as shown. During this time, an exhaust gas purification device known in the prior art may be provided. Cooling water for cooling the engine body 6 around the engine body 6 circulates through the cooling water passage 18, and a part thereof is guided to the adjustment tank 32.

  On the other hand, when starting the internal pressure engine unit, the valve of the initial tank 31 is opened in conjunction with the start button of the circulating gas hybrid engine 1, and the stored liquefied gas is guided to the adjustment tank 32 through the pipe 35. The adjustment tank 32 is connected to the cooling water circulation path of the engine body 6 as described above, and cooling water exceeding 100 ° C. is introduced in a steady operation state. Heat exchange is performed between this high-temperature cooling water and the liquefied gas (or circulating gas), and the cooling water touches the low-temperature liquefied gas, and when the liquefied gas partially vaporizes, the heat of vaporization is taken away and cooling is performed. Then, it is circulated and sent to cool the engine body 6 again. One liquefied gas rises in temperature by high-temperature cooling water (for example, 80 ° C.), and a part thereof is pressurized by vaporization and expansion (for example, 10 MPa).

  The liquefied gas containing a part of the gas component that has passed through the adjustment tank 32 is then led to the heat exchanger 33. As described above, the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine section is introduced into the heat exchanger 33 while maintaining the high temperature after combustion (depending on the operating conditions, for example, several hundred degrees Celsius). Heat exchange takes place between them. Here, the liquefied gas is vaporized and expanded to become a high-pressure gas having a high temperature of, for example, 300 to 400 ° C. and 15 MPa, and this high-pressure gas is introduced into the cylinder 13 of the engine body 6 through the intake valve 23. The introduction timing is in the vicinity where the cycle of the internal combustion engine section described above is completed and the piston 14 reaches the top dead center, and this is appropriately controlled according to the rotational speed of the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 and the like. The piston 14 is pushed down by the action of the high-pressure gas, and the force is transmitted to the crankshaft 17 through the connecting rod 16 to generate a rotational driving force. The expanded circulating gas is discharged to the outside of the cylinder 13 through the exhaust valve 24 opened by the rising stroke of the next piston 14 and circulated.

  In an internal pressure engine unit that does not accompany fuel explosion, it is not necessary to compress the gas in the cylinder 13 by the upward stroke of the piston 14. Therefore, the above-described push-down operation and exhaust operation of the piston 14 by the high-pressure gas injection can be completed by one stroke each of the piston rising and lowering, which is equivalent to a two-cycle engine in an internal combustion engine. . As a result, the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 has one crankshaft explosion during the two rotations of the crankshaft 17 and one expansion by the internal pressure engine 20 during one rotation of the crankshaft 17. 17 (output shaft) The output is generated twice by three rotations, and this cycle is repeated.

  The circulating gas that has passed through the exhaust valve 24 of the internal pressure engine section is guided to the pipe 35 and reaches the compressor 34 where it is pressurized. The compressor 34 can obtain a rotational driving force by connecting the rotary shaft of the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 with a belt 37 or the like, for example. The pressurized internal pressure working gas becomes, for example, a high temperature, high pressure gas of 300 to 400 ° C. and 10 MPa, and is led to the adjustment tank 32 in this state. As described above, the cooling water circulates in the adjustment tank 32, heat is exchanged with the cooling water, and thereafter, the cycle is repeated to circulate. During this time, the three-way valve 38 connected to the adjustment tank 31 is closed, and normally only the direction of the circulating gas is opened and circulated. However, when a shortage of circulating gas is detected by a sensor (not shown), control is performed so that the liquefied gas from the initial tank 31 is supplemented. Further, the circulating gas may return to the initial tank 31 side due to pressure. Further, the adjustment tank 32 may be bypassed when the temperature of the circulating gas is higher than the temperature of the cooling water.

  The circulating gas hybrid engine 1 continues to operate in a stable state in this way, but during this time, the internal combustion engine section functions in the same manner as a diesel engine in the prior art, and outputs power by burning fuel (light oil). On the other hand, in the internal pressure engine section, output is obtained by compression and expansion while circulating the circulating gas. When the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 is stopped, as in the conventional diesel engine, the fuel injection is stopped by operating the switch to be turned off, or the internal combustion is performed by releasing the compression pressure in the cylinder 13 by applying a decompression. The engine department stops. At the same time when the switch is turned off, the circulation of the gas is stopped by closing a valve disposed in one of the circulation gas pipes 35, and the internal pressure engine is also stopped. Although not shown in the drawings, in order to control the strength of the engine output, the internal combustion engine section adjusts the fuel introduced into the cylinder, and the internal pressure engine section regulates the circulating gas introduced into the cylinder 13. Valves are provided, and the opening degree of both valves is controlled according to the operating conditions.

  The advantage of the internal combustion engine portion of the present embodiment when compared with the diesel engine according to the prior art is that the exhaust gas has been discharged as it is to the atmosphere in the prior art, so all the heat energy in the exhaust gas was wasted. On the other hand, in the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 according to the present embodiment, this is introduced into the heat exchanger 33 for effective use, and the thermal energy of the cooling water is also led to the adjustment tank 32 for effective use. In the point. However, depending on the specifications of the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 and the type of circulating gas to be used, only the thermal energy of either the cooling water or the exhaust gas may be used.

  Further, the advantage of the internal pressure engine portion according to the present embodiment when compared with the internal pressure engine according to the prior art disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is not heat exchange with the circulating gas that remains at a low temperature, but diesel. It is possible to exchange heat with the high-temperature fluid using the exhaust heat energy of the engine, which makes it possible to make the circulating gas at a higher temperature and higher pressure, and high output due to the high expansion pressure in the internal pressure engine section It is in the point where it becomes possible to obtain. Further, the warm-up operation time can be shortened by the heat quantity of the internal combustion engine section.

  Further, when the same cylinder hybrid type circulating gas hybrid engine 1 combining the internal combustion engine part and the internal pressure engine part according to the present embodiment is compared with the prior art, the startability of the engine having only the internal pressure engine is poor. Inefficiency can be greatly improved, and fuel (light oil or gasoline) consumption can be greatly reduced (about half) for a single-cylinder engine with only an internal combustion engine, saving resources. In addition, the amount of carbon dioxide, nitrogen compounds, dust, etc. contained in the exhaust gas will be greatly reduced (about half). The circulating gas hybrid engine 1 according to the present embodiment includes an engine body portion except that it requires a two-system power source supply system for supplying fuel to the internal combustion engine portion and supplying circulating gas to the internal pressure engine portion. 6 can be implemented with only a slight modification of the conventional diesel engine. With this configuration, for example, even when one of the internal combustion engine and the internal pressure engine stops for some reason, the output can be continuously obtained by using the other engine. Alternatively, it is possible to intentionally stop the internal combustion engine during operation in order to save fuel. However, at this time, since the energy of the exhaust gas and the cooling water of the internal combustion engine is reduced, the efficiency of the internal pressure engine is inevitably lowered.

  The initial tank 31 is composed of a pressure-resistant gas cylinder. For example, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder has been conventionally used, and can basically be handled in the same manner. However, in order to maintain a stable state even when the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 is stopped, it is also desirable to accommodate the cylinder in a heat insulating container and to maintain a constant temperature using a battery as necessary.

  Several variations and modifications are conceivable for the circulating gas hybrid engine 1 of the present embodiment according to the above contents. First, as described above, the internal combustion engine section is not limited to a diesel engine, but may be a gasoline engine, and both of them may be either two-cycle or four-cycle. Alternatively, a rotary engine (Bankel type or the like) can be used instead of the reciprocating engine. In this case, the “cylinder” in the above description means the configuration of the combustion chamber corresponding to one rotor. Furthermore, the “cylinder” at the time of fuel injection and circulation gas discharge means a combustion chamber in a compression process among combustion chambers formed between the rotor and the rotor housing.

  As the “circulation gas” used in the internal pressure engine, an inert gas is generally used, and typical examples include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon. Since these gases have respective characteristics, there are differences in conditions depending on the gas regarding the pressurized pressure, temperature, expansion, and the like during circulation. The temperature and pressure in the above description are the outlines when carbon dioxide gas is used. However, the temperature, pressure, etc. vary depending on the state of use. It is not limited to use.

  In the above-described embodiment, the internal pressure engine is cycled immediately after the cycle by the internal combustion engine. As a modification, the two strokes immediately after the operation by the internal combustion engine (lowering and raising of the piston 14) are performed by both engines. Without being operated, it is possible to perform a scavenging operation of temporarily introducing outside air using the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 of the internal combustion engine section and discharging the outside air. If the circulating gas spraying operation of the internal pressure engine is started immediately after exhausting in the internal combustion engine (especially diesel cycle), the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine slightly remaining in the cylinder 13 of the internal pressure engine may be mixed into the circulating gas. Can happen. Since the circulating gas is circulated and operated as described above, the efficiency of the cooling and expansion cycle may be reduced due to the mixing of impurities. Inclusion of a scavenging cycle after operation as an internal combustion engine produces an effect of eliminating such harmful effects. The scavenging cycle can be entered after the operation of the internal pressure engine, or in any case, the scavenging cycle (twice) can be performed over four strokes of the piston.

  The scavenging operation can also be performed using an internal pressure engine section instead of the internal combustion engine section. That is, after the cycle by the internal combustion engine portion is completed and the piston 16 reaches top dead center and exhaust gas exhaust is completed, the intake valve 23 of the internal pressure engine portion is opened to introduce the circulating gas, and the piston 16 is lowered. Then, the cylinder 13 may be filled with a circulating gas, and when the piston 16 is subsequently raised, the exhaust valve 22 of the internal combustion engine is opened to discharge the scavenged gas. In this case, the circulating gas is discharged to the outside, but the exhausted gas can be suppressed to a minimum by restricting the amount of gas ejection to a much smaller amount than when operating as an internal pressure engine during scavenging. Alternatively, the scavenging operation may be performed by opening the exhaust valve 24 of the internal pressure engine unit.

  As a further modification, in the above-described embodiment, the operation of the internal combustion engine portion and the operation of the internal pressure engine portion are alternately performed. Instead, the operation of the internal pressure engine portion is performed once for every two operations of the internal combustion engine portion. It is not always necessary to operate the two engine parts at a ratio of 1: 1, for example, or vice versa. An appropriate cycle can be configured according to the required performance of the engine. At this time, the scavenging cycle may be arbitrarily included. Furthermore, by appropriately controlling the exhaust and intake valves, switching such as increasing the ratio of the internal combustion engine at low speed and increasing the ratio of the internal pressure engine at high speed can be arbitrarily performed.

  In addition, the use of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine part in the above-described embodiment for heat exchange is preferable as an effective use of exhaust heat. For example, it is not a vehicle but a stationary engine for power generation. For example, it is possible to use other energy for heat exchange of the circulating gas instead of or in combination with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine section. Other energy at this time is due to natural energy such as solar heat and geothermal heat, or if part of the plant is installed, it can be used to extract part of the thermal energy of the boiler or furnace or to cool other equipment. It is conceivable to use various heat energy that matches the environment around the engine, such as circulating high-temperature cooling water (liquid).

  Next, a circulating gas hybrid engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the above-described embodiment, the number of cylinders of the engine is 1, which means the smallest unit as the engine. The name of the present invention is “same cylinder hybrid engine”, but this does not necessarily mean a so-called “single cylinder” engine. It is only necessary that at least one cylinder that operates the internal combustion engine and the internal pressure engine is included in the same cylinder. For example, a multi-cylinder engine in which several cylinders are connected may be used. It is preferable to increase the number of cylinders so that the engine can be rotated more smoothly.

  FIG. 2 shows a circulating gas hybrid engine 2 including an engine main body 8 composed of two cylinders as an example of the multi-cylinder circulating gas hybrid engine according to the present embodiment. Except for the engine body 8, the circulating gas and fuel supply system is the same as that shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the circulating gas hybrid engine 2 according to the present embodiment is composed of two cylinders called No. 1 and No. 2 from the left in the drawing. This is merely an example, and the number of cylinders may be 4 cylinders, 8 cylinders, or more. Further, the cylinders need not be arranged in series, and may be configured by facing, V-shaped, or star-shaped as known in the prior art.

  First, the first cylinder is the same as the previous embodiment, and the second cylinder is added, but the configuration is the same as the first cylinder. Even if the first and second cylinders have the same configuration, the timing of the strokes of both pistons 14 and the operation timing of the internal combustion engine and the internal pressure engine can be different. This difference can be arbitrarily arranged so that the output can be maintained in a most balanced manner. For example, during the cycle of “suction (internal combustion) -explosion (internal combustion) -suction (scavenging) -spraying (internal pressure)” in the descending stroke of the piston 14 of the first cylinder, the piston 14 of the second cylinder is synchronized with this. The cycle of the internal combustion engine and the internal pressure engine is shifted between No. 1 and No. 2 by “spraying (internal pressure) −inhalation (internal combustion) −explosion (internal combustion) −inhalation (scavenging)” in the lowered stroke. The output can be generated once per rotation of the crankshaft 17, and a relatively good balance can be maintained. If four cylinders are used, one output can be obtained for every half rotation of the crankshaft 17, which is half of this.

  Various modifications and improvements can be considered in this embodiment. In the above example, two cylinders of the same cylinder hybrid are provided, but one cylinder can be left as it is, and the other cylinder can be combined with only an internal combustion engine or an internal pressure engine. Alternatively, a three-cylinder engine including these cylinders may be used. In particular, when the number of cylinders increases, the combination is arbitrary, and the combination may be considered according to the desired performance.

  Furthermore, the circulating gas hybrid engine according to the combination of the internal combustion engine and the internal pressure engine according to the present invention can be used in place of the internal combustion engine in a so-called conventional hybrid engine using a motor. Of the combination of an internal combustion engine and an electric motor in a conventional hybrid engine, a new type hybrid that takes advantage of the advantages of the motor, the internal combustion engine, and the internal pressure engine by replacing the internal combustion engine with the circulating gas hybrid engine according to the present invention. You can get an engine.

  Alternatively, the circulating gas hybrid engine according to the present invention is used for steady-state operation (for constant speed rotation) with good fuel efficiency and easy setting, thereby generating electric power, and rotating the motor with the generated electric power. Therefore, it may be used as a power source for an electric vehicle.

  In addition, the present invention includes a vehicle that uses the above-described circulating gas hybrid engine as a power source. That is, the vehicle according to the present invention transmits the driving force generated by the power source to the axle to rotate the wheels, thereby generating the driving propulsion force, or generating power using the power source, and using the electric power. A vehicle that obtains a driving propulsion force by driving a motor, the power source of which is one of the circulating gas hybrid engines described above. By implementing the present invention, it is possible to provide an environment-friendly vehicle with low fuel consumption and low exhaust gas. The circulating gas hybrid engine according to the present invention can be used as other industrial engines including a stationary type.

  The circulating gas hybrid engine according to the present invention can be widely used in the automobile industry or other industrial fields that utilize rotational output.

1,2. Circulating gas hybrid engine 7,8. Engine body part, 13. Cylinder, 14. Piston, 16. Connecting rod, 17. Crankshaft, 18. Cooling water channel, 21. 21. intake valve (for internal combustion engine) Exhaust valve (for internal combustion engine), 23. Intake valve (for internal pressure engine), 24. Exhaust valve (for internal pressure engine), 31. Initial tank, 32. Adjustment tank, 33. Heat exchanger, 34. Compressor, 35. Piping.

Claims (8)

  The internal combustion engine part that obtains output by operating the actuator using the explosive force obtained by burning fuel in the cylinder and the high pressure obtained by pressurizing and expanding the circulating gas are introduced into the cylinder. A circulating gas hybrid engine characterized by combining an internal pressure engine unit that operates an operating element to obtain an output, and performs output generation operations of both the internal combustion engine unit and the internal pressure engine unit using the same cylinder.   The circulating gas hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the operation of the internal combustion engine section and the operation of the internal pressure engine section are alternately performed in the same cylinder.   Outside air or circulating gas is introduced into the cylinder during at least one of the operation of the internal pressure engine unit and the operation of the internal pressure engine unit or the operation of the internal pressure engine unit and the operation of the internal combustion engine unit. The recirculation gas hybrid engine according to claim 1, further performing a scavenging operation for discharging the exhaust gas.   The heat energy of exhaust gas discharged after combustion in the internal combustion engine section, the heat energy of cooling water for cooling the internal combustion engine section, or the heat energy introduced from the outside of the engine as a working medium of the internal pressure engine The circulating gas hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the circulating gas hybrid engine is used for gas heating and expansion.   The circulating gas hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine section operates by either a diesel cycle or an Otto cycle.   The circulating gas hybrid engine according to claim 1, wherein the circulating gas is any one of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon.   A circulating gas hybrid engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, wherein at least one of the plurality of cylinders is the circulating gas hybrid engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The driving force generated by the power source is transmitted to the axle and the wheels are rotated to drive the vehicle, thereby driving the vehicle, and the motor is driven to rotate by the electric power generated by the power source. In the vehicle to be obtained, the power source is the circulating gas hybrid engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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