JP2011257407A - 生物活性ナトリウム利尿ペプチドを測定するための、およびその治療可能性を向上させるための方法および組成物 - Google Patents
生物活性ナトリウム利尿ペプチドを測定するための、およびその治療可能性を向上させるための方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】生物活性ナトリウム利尿ペプチドを検出するが、ナトリウム利尿ペプチドの1種以上の生物学的不活性断片からのシグナルは少なくとも5分の1に低下し、好ましくは、これを感知できるほど検出しないアッセイを実施することを含んでなる、サンプル中のナトリウム利尿ペプチドの存在または量を検出する方法、ならびにナトリウム利尿ペプチドの分解のこれまでには未知であった経路を阻害する組成物を提供する。
【選択図】図1
Description
が、BNP79〜108からのシグナルが少なくとも5分の1に低下し、好ましくは、これを感知できるほどに検出しないアッセイ、BNP77〜108を検出するが、BNP77〜106からのシグナルが少なくとも5分の1に低下し、好ましくは、これを感知できるほどに検出しないアッセイ、および/またはBNP77〜108を検出するが、BNP79〜106からのシグナルが少なくとも5分の1に低下し、好ましくは、これを感知できるほどに検出しないアッセイを実施することを含んでなる、サンプル中のBNPの存在または量を検出する方法に関する。
CNP型CNP−22(CNP105〜126)には下線が引いてある:
(配列番号5)
式中、
r=平衡時の結合しているリガンドのモル/受容体のモル、
c=平衡時の遊離リガンド濃度、
K=平衡会合定数、および
n=受容体分子当たりのリガンド結合部位の数。
図解法によってr/cをY軸にrをX軸にプロットし、このようにしてスカッチャードプロットを得る。線の負の傾斜が親和性となる。koffは、結合している標識されたリガンドを標識されていない過剰のリガンドと競合させることによって求めることができる(例えば、米国特許第6,316,409号参照)。ターゲッティング因子の、その標的分子に対する親和性は、少なくとも約1×10-6モル/リットルであることが好ましく、少なくとも約1×10-7モル/リットルであることがより好ましく、少なくとも約1×10-8モル/リットルであることがいっそうより好ましく、少なくとも約1×10-9モル/リットルであることがさらにいっそうより好ましく、少なくとも1×10-10モル/リットルであることが最も好ましい。スカッチャード分析による抗体親和性測定は当技術分野では周知である。例えば、ヴァン・エルプ(van Erp)ら、ジャーナル・オブ・イムノアッセイ(Journal of Immunoassay)12、425〜43頁、1991、ネルソン(Neloson)およびグリズウォルド(Griswold)、コンピュータ・メソッヅ・アンド・プログラムス・イン・バイオメディシン(Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine)27、65〜8頁、1988参照。
Rj=ΣwiIi,j,
式中、iはマーカー指数であり、jは被験体指数であり、wiはマーカーiの重み係数であり、Iは被験体jの、それに対してマーカーのマーカーレベルがマッピングされる指標値であり、Σはすべての候補マーカーiにわたる合計である。
以下の実施例は本発明を例示するものである。これらの実施例は、決して本発明の範囲を限定しようとするものではない。
血液は、指先穿刺、足底面穿刺、耳たぶ穿刺なども小容量には十分であり得るが、20ゲージのマルチ−サンプルニードルおよび真空管を用いて静脈穿刺によって採取することが好ましい。全血採取用には、血液検体を訓練された研究員によってEDTA含有血液採取チューブに採取する。血清採取用には、血液検体を訓練された研究員によってトロンビン含有血液採取チューブに採取する。血液を5〜10分間凝固させ、遠心分離によって血清を不溶性物質から分離する。血漿採取用には、血液検体を訓練された研究員によってクエン酸塩含有血液採取チューブに採取し、≧12分間遠心分離する。サンプルは使用まで4℃で維持するか、長期間の保存には−20℃以下で凍結させればよい。全血は凍結しないことが好ましい。
抗原でのマウスの免疫化とマウス脾臓由来RNAの精製
マウスを、抗体をコードするmRNAの最適な回収のための脾臓採取のタイミングの経験に基づいて、以下の方法によって免疫化する。2種のマウスを用いる:Balb/c(チャールズ・リバー・ラボラトリーズ(Charles River Laboratories)、マサチューセッツ州、ウィルミントン)およびA/J(ジャクソン・ラボラトリーズ(Jackson Laboratories)、メイン州、バー・ハーバー)。10個体のマウス各々を、フロイントの完全アジュバント中の50μgタンパク質を用いる抗原で、0日目および28日目に腹腔内免疫化する。後眼窩洞の穿刺によってマウスの試験出血を採取する。ストレプトアビジンによって固定化されるビオチン化抗原を用いるELISAによって力価を試験することによって、高いと思われる場合は、マウスを50μgのタンパク質で、70、71および72日目にブーストし、続いて、77日目に屠殺し、脾臓を摘出する。抗体の力価が十分でないと考えられる場合は、マウスを50μgの抗原で56日目にブーストし、63日目に試験出血を採取する。十分な力価が得られる場合には、動物を50μgの抗原で98、99および100日目にブーストし、105日目に脾臓を採取する。通常、1:3200以上の試験出血希釈で、十分であると考えられる、最大半量のELISA応答が得られる。
前記のように精製した全RNAを、cDNAの調製のための鋳型として直接用いる。RNA(50μg)を滅菌水で100μLに希釈し、10μL−130ng/mLオリゴdT12を加える。サンプルを70℃で10分間加熱し、次いで、氷上で冷却する。40μL 5×第一鎖バッファー(ギブコ(Gibco)/BRL、メリーランド州、ゲイサーズバーグ)、20μL 0.1Mジチオスレイトール(ギブコ/BRL、メリーランド州、ゲイサーズバーグ)、10μL 20mMデオキシヌクレオシドトリホスフェート(dNTP、ベーリンガー・マンハイム、インディアナ州、インディアナポリス)、および10μLの水を氷上で加える。次いで、サンプルを37℃で2分間インキュベートする。10μLの逆転写酵素(スーパースクリプト(Superscript)TM II、ギブコ/BRL、メリーランド州、ゲイサーズバーグ)を加え、37℃で1時間インキュベーションを続ける。cDNA産物をポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)に直接用いる。
PCRを用いて実質的にすべてのHおよびL鎖遺伝子を増幅するために、実質的にすべての公開配列に対応するプライマーを選択する。HおよびLのアミノ末端のヌクレオチド配列は相当な多様性を含むため、米国20030104477に記載されたように、33種のオリゴヌクレオチドを合成し、H鎖の5’プライマーとして用い、29種のオリゴヌクレオチドを合成し、κL鎖の5’プライマーとして用いる。5’プライマーは、以下の基準にしたがって作製する。第1に、L鎖の2番目および4番目のアミノ酸ならびに重鎖の2番目のアミノ酸を保存する。抗体のアミノ酸配列を変更するミスマッチは他のどの位置でも可能とする。第2に、各プライマーの5’側にM13ウラシル鋳型に相補的な20ヌクレオチドの配列を合成する。この配列はHおよびL鎖プライマー間で異なり、L鎖プライマーについてはpelBシグナル配列、H鎖プライマーについてはアルカリホスファターゼシグナル配列の3’側の20ヌクレオチドに対応している。定常領域ヌクレオチド配列には、H鎖およびκL鎖各々に対し、1種の3’プライマーしか必要でない(図2)。各5’および3’プライマーの各対に対し、別個にPCRによる増幅を実施した。各プライマー対に対し、50pmolの5’プライマー、50pmolの3’プライマー、0.25μL TaqDNAポリメラーゼ(5ユニット/μL、ベーリンガー・マンハイム、インディアナ州、インディアナポリス)、3μLのcDNA(実施例2に記載)、5μL 2mM dNTP、5μL MgCl2を含む10×TaqDNAポリメラーゼバッファー(ベーリンガー・マンハイム、インディアナ州、インディアナポリス)、および50μLまでのH2Oを含む50μLの反応を実施する。増幅はGeneAmp(登録商標)9600サーマルサイクラー(パーキン・エルマー(Perkin Elmer)、カリフォルニア州、フォスター・シティー)を用い、以下のプログラムを用いて行う:94℃で1時間、94℃で20秒、55℃で30秒、および72℃で30秒の30サイクル、72℃で6分間、4℃。
体ファージの力価は約2×1012PFU/mLおよび1.7×1012である)。ファージに抗原−ビオチン(10μL、10-6M保存濃度)を加え、2〜8℃で一晩ファージをインキュベートする。抗体ファージ力価プレート上のニトロセルロースフィルターを、前述したように、ヤギ抗−マウスκAPを用いて発現させる。第2ラウンド抗体ファージを、前述したようにアビジン磁性ラテックスを用いて取り出す。ラテックスをパニングバッファーで洗浄した後、ラテックスを1mL TBSに再懸濁し、1.5mLの管に移す。ラテックスのアリコートを、前述したように、100mm LBアガープレートにプレーティングし、機能的陽性を調べ、ラテックスの残りを150mm LBアガープレートにプレーティングして第3ラウンド抗体ファージを作製する。抗体ファージを滴定し、ファージをパニングバッファーに希釈し、抗原−ビオチンを加え、ファージを2〜8℃で少なくとも16時間インキュベートし、ファージをアビジン磁性ラテックスで取り出し、磁性ラテックスをプレーティングするというこの基本手順を、10ラウンドのパニング継続する。前述したものからの変更は、結合している抗体のアフィニティーを高めるために抗原−ビオチン濃度がより低いということ、および取り出されるファージの数が1010と108の間であるということだけである。
標準的なイムノアッセイ技術を用いてBNPを測定する。これらの技術は、タンパク質標的と特異的に結合する抗体の使用を含む。N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドビオチン(NHS−ビオチン)を抗体あたり約5のNHS−ビオチン成分の割合で用いて、BNPに対する抗体をビオチン化する。次いで、標準アビジン384ウェルマイクロタイタープレートのウェルにビオチン化した抗体を加え、プレートに結合していないビオチン化抗体を除去する。これによって、マイクロタイタープレートに抗−BNP固相が形成される。別の抗BNP抗体を、標準技術を用い、SMCCおよびSPDP(ピエルス、イリノイ州、ロックフォード)を用いてアルカリホスファターゼにコンジュゲートする。イムノアッセイをTECANジェネシス(Genesis)RSP200/8ワークステーションで実施する。試験サンプル(10μl)をピペットでマイクロタイタープレートのウェルに入れ、60分間インキュベートする。次いで、このサンプルを除去し、ウェルを、150mM NaCl、0.1%アジ化ナトリウム、および0.02%Tween−20を含有する20mMホウ酸塩(pH7.42)からなる洗浄バッファーで洗浄する。次いで、ウェルにアルカリホスファターゼ−抗体コンジュゲートを加え、さらに60分間インキュベートし、その後、抗体コンジュゲートを除去し、洗浄バッファーでウェルを洗浄する。ウェルに基質(アットフォス(AttoPhos)(登録商標)、プロメガ(Promega)、ウィスコンシン州、マディソン)を加え、蛍光産物の形成度を試験サンプル中のBNPの濃度と関連付ける。
3μLの抗体溶液(ホウ酸緩衝生理食塩水pH8.0(「BBS」)中、0.25mg/mLの抗BNPモノクローナル抗体)を、PS10プロテインチップアレイ(サイファージェン(Ciphergen)、カタログ番号C553−0044)の適当なスポットにアプライし、このチップを加湿チャンバー中に入れ、20℃で3時間穏やかに攪拌する。抗体溶液を除去し、アレイスポットを3μLの1.5mg/mL BSA/0.1%TritonX−100/0.5M Tris−HCl pH8.0で2回洗浄する。2回目の洗浄で、チップを加湿チャンバー中に、攪拌せずに20℃で3時間入れる。この洗浄の後、アレイを5mM HEPES pH7.5中に浸漬し、過剰のバッファーを除去する。
BIOMECロボットピペッティングステーション(ベックマン・インストルメンツ(Beckman Instruments))を用いて、アレイを150μLのBBS中、1%TritonX−100で10分間、150μLのBBS中、10%PEG300/0.1%TritonX−100で10分間、および150μLのBBS中、0.2%Triton X−100で各5分間を3回にて、洗浄する。40μLのBBS中、0.2%TritonX−100および40μLの脱グリコシル化サンプル(または対照サンプル)をアプライし、穏やかに攪拌しながら4℃で一晩インキュベートする。
このインキュベーションの後、アレイを150μLの1M尿素/0.1%CHAPS/0.3M KCl/50mM Tris−HCl pH7.5で各1分間、3回洗浄し、300μLの5mM HEPES pH7.5で各3秒間、3回洗浄する。過剰のバッファーを除去し、光沢が全く見えなくなるまでアレイを風乾させる。低分子量の解析には(M/Z<6000)、エネルギー吸収マトリックス(「EAM」)のように適当なスポットに1μLの、0.5%トリフルオロ酢酸(ピエルス、カタログ番号28904)/50%アセトニトリル(ピエルス、カタログ番号20062)中、20%α−シアノ−4−ヒドロキシ桂皮酸(CHCA、サイファージェン、カタログ番号C300−0001)をアプライする。高分子量解析には(M/Z≧6000)、EAMのように適当なスポットに、1μLの、0.5%トリフルオロ酢酸/50%アセトニトリル中、50%シナピン酸(SPA、サイファージェン、カタログ番号C300−0002)をアプライする。スポットを風乾させ、適当なEAMの2回目の1μLの液滴をアプライする。
Claims (45)
- 被験体から得たサンプル中の、注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドの存在または量を検出する方法であって、1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドが共有結合している糖鎖残基を含んでなり、
注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドから1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基を除去することと、
前記サンプルをアッセイして前記サンプル中の注目する前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドの存在または量と関連するアッセイ結果を得ること
とを含んでなる、方法。 - 前記の1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基を酵素処理によって除去する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素処理が、N−結合型糖鎖残基を除去する1種以上の酵素での処理を含んでなる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素処理が、O−結合型糖鎖残基を除去する1種以上の酵素での処理を含んでなる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素処理が、N−結合型とO−結合型糖鎖残基の双方を除去する1種以上の酵素での処理を含んでなる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記の1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基を非酵素的化学処理によって除去する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドから糖鎖残基の少なくとも80%が除去される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 被験体がヒトである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- サンプルが血液、血清および血漿からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アッセイステップが、前記の注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドを、注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドと特異的に結合するよう選択された抗体と接触させることを含んでなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アッセイステップがイムノアッセイを実施することを含んでなる、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記アッセイステップが質量分析を実施することを含んでなる、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記アッセイステップが質量分析を実施することを含んでなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記の注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドが、BNP、1種以上のBNP関連断片、またはBNPと1種以上のBNP関連断片の双方を含んでなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記の1種以上のBNP関連断片がBNPl〜76、BNP1〜108、BNP3〜76、およびBNP3〜108からなる群から選択される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記除去ステップの不在下で前記アッセイステップを実施することと比較して、前記方法が注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドの検出を増加させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- サンプル中の注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドの存在または量を検出する方法であって、1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドが共有結合している糖鎖残基を含んでなり、
注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドから1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基を除去した後に得られるアッセイ結果の約2倍以内である、前記の、注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドからのアッセイ結果が得られるよう選択された1種以上の抗体を用いて前記サンプルでイムノアッセイを実施すること
を含んでなる、方法。 - 前記の、注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドからの1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基の除去によって、質量分析による注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドの検出が増加する、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記の、注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドからの1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基の除去によって、注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドから糖鎖残基の少なくとも80%が除去される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- サンプルがヒト由来である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- サンプルが血液、血清および血漿からなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記の注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドがBNP、1種以上のBNP関連断片、またはBNPと1種以上のBNP関連断片の双方を含んでなる、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記の1種以上のBNP関連断片が、BNPl〜76、BNP1〜l08、BNP3〜76、およびBNP3〜108からなる群から選択される、請求項22に記載の方法。
- アッセイに用いる1種以上の抗体を選択する方法であって、
共有結合している糖鎖残基を含んでなる注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドから得られた第1のアッセイ結果を、注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドから1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基を除去した後に前記の注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドから得られる第2のアッセイ結果と比較することによって、前記の1種以上の抗体をスクリーニングすることと、
ここで、前記第1および第2のアッセイ結果は、前記の注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドと、スクリーニングされる前記の1種以上の抗体との結合に応じて変わり、
前記の第2のアッセイ結果の約2倍以内である前記の第1のアッセイ結果が得られる1種以上の抗体を選択すること
とを含んでなる、方法。 - 前記の選択された抗体を用いる前記のアッセイを構築することをさらに含んでなる、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体が抗体発現ライブラリーから選択される、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記の、注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドからの1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基の除去によって、質量分析による注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドの検出が増加する、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記の、注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドからの1種以上の共有結合している糖鎖残基の除去によって、注目する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドから、糖鎖残基の少なくとも80%が除去される、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記の注目する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドが、BNP、1種以上のBNP関連断片、またはBNPと1種以上のBNP関連断片の双方を含んでなる、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記の1種以上のBNP関連断片が、BNPl〜76、BNPl〜l08、BNP3〜76、およびBNP3〜l08からなる群から選択される、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 水性媒質中の、最後から2番目のアミノ末端プロリン残基を含んでなる1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドの分解を阻害する方法であって、
前記サンプル中に存在する1種以上の前記ナトリウム利尿ペプチドからの前記プロリン残基の喪失を阻害するよう選択された条件下で、前記水性媒質を、1種以上のジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤と接触させることを含んでなる、方法。 - 前記接触ステップが、BNPからの最後から2番目のアミノ末端プロリン残基の喪失を阻害する、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 1種以上の前記のジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤が小分子阻害剤である、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 1種以上の前記のジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤が抗体である、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記水性媒質が血液、血清または血漿である、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記水性媒質のすべてまたは一部に存在する1種以上のナトリウム利尿ペプチドについてアッセイを実施することをさらに含んでなる、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 被験体において循環BNPの半減期を延長する方法であって、
循環BNPの半減期を延長するよう選択された条件下で、前記被験体に1種以上のジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤を投与することを含んでなる、方法。 - 1種以上の前記ジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤が小分子阻害剤である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 1種以上の前記ジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤が抗体である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、脳卒中、うっ血性心不全、心虚血、全身性高血圧、および急性心筋梗塞からなる群から選択される診断に基づいて、前記の1種以上のジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤を投与されるよう選択される、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体が、前記投与ステップの前に少なくとも80pg/mLの血漿BNPレベルを有することに基づいて、前記の1種以上のジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤を投与されるよう選択される、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体にBNPまたはその類似体を投与することをさらに含んでなる、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体に中性エンドペプチダーゼの阻害剤を投与することをさらに含んでなる、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記被験体にBNPまたはその類似体と中性エンドペプチダーゼの阻害剤とを投与することをさらに含んでなる、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 1種以上のジペプチジルペプチダーゼの阻害剤とナトリウム利尿ペプチドとを含んでなる薬剤組成物。
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JPH05310664A (ja) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-11-22 | Ciba Geigy Ag | ビアリール置換4−アミノ酪酸アミド |
JPH0741428A (ja) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-10 | Teijin Ltd | ペプチド、蛋白質性薬物経鼻・経肺製剤 |
JP2000143699A (ja) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-26 | Shionogi & Co Ltd | 補体依存性細胞障害を抑制するモノクローナル抗体 |
JP2000515500A (ja) * | 1996-06-28 | 2000-11-21 | トラスティーズ オブ タフツ カレッジ | 受容体を架橋する多価化合物及びその利用 |
JP2000327689A (ja) * | 1999-05-17 | 2000-11-28 | Microbial Chem Res Found | スルフォスチン類縁体、並びにスルフォスチン及びその類縁体の製造方法 |
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2004
- 2004-08-19 AT AT04781634T patent/ATE550656T1/de active
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05310664A (ja) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-11-22 | Ciba Geigy Ag | ビアリール置換4−アミノ酪酸アミド |
JPH0741428A (ja) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-10 | Teijin Ltd | ペプチド、蛋白質性薬物経鼻・経肺製剤 |
JP2000515500A (ja) * | 1996-06-28 | 2000-11-21 | トラスティーズ オブ タフツ カレッジ | 受容体を架橋する多価化合物及びその利用 |
JP2000143699A (ja) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-26 | Shionogi & Co Ltd | 補体依存性細胞障害を抑制するモノクローナル抗体 |
JP2000327689A (ja) * | 1999-05-17 | 2000-11-28 | Microbial Chem Res Found | スルフォスチン類縁体、並びにスルフォスチン及びその類縁体の製造方法 |
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