JP2010158035A - Glass antenna, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-gain and low-loss glass antenna utilizing glass as a substrate. <P>SOLUTION: The glass antenna has: a glass substrate 1 constituted as a combined glass substrate sticking two glass panes 1a, 1b via an adhesive layer 1c; an antenna pattern 2; and a ground pattern 3 which reflects a radiation radio wave of the antenna pattern 2. In the glass antenna, either of or both the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 are embedded inside the glass substrate 1 and further, a portion confronted with the antenna pattern 2 in at least either the two glass panes 1a, 1b and the adhesive layer 1c is replaced with a material 1d having an induction loss smaller than that of a portion which is not confronted with the antenna pattern 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a glass antenna using glass as a substrate and a manufacturing method thereof.

  In recent years, vehicles (moving bodies) such as automobiles are often equipped with an antenna for GPS (Global Positioning System) in a high frequency band and an antenna for receiving satellite radio waves for satellite digital broadcasting. It also transmits and receives radio waves to and from radio beacons of ETC (automatic tollgate system) that automatically collects tolls and toll road charges and VICS (road traffic information communication system) that provides road traffic information. An antenna is becoming necessary. As such an antenna, for example, a technique of configuring a patch antenna (planar antenna) using a window glass of a vehicle as a substrate is known.

  FIG. 11 is a side view showing a configuration of a glass antenna for a high-frequency automobile as a conventional planar antenna, and corresponds to FIG. In the glass antenna shown in FIG. 11, an antenna conductor 120 is formed on one surface (outside the vehicle) of a window glass plate 110 of an automobile, and at least one antenna conductor 120 is formed on the other surface (inside the vehicle) of the window glass plate 110. A reflective conductor 210 is formed to face the portion.

Here, the antenna conductor 120 has a spiral antenna pattern on the plane of the window glass plate 110 so as to satisfactorily receive a GPS signal that is a circularly polarized signal, and one end of the central portion thereof has a feeding portion 130. It is connected to the. The antenna pattern has a size of 58 mm × 46 mm, a line width of 1 mm, and a spacing of 5 mm between the spiral antenna conductors 120.
Further, the reflective conductor 210 has a size of 120 mm × 60 mm on the plane of the window glass plate 110 and is built in the leg portion 170 and the insulating box 150 made of metal fittings for attaching the insulating box 150 to the window glass plate 110. The ground of the amplifier circuit and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 180 for transmitting the output of the amplifier circuit to a receiver (not shown) are electrically connected to the ground of the receiver. Further, a feeder line is connected to a part of the antenna conductor 120 through a hole 220 provided in the window glass plate 110 by a conductive material from a feeder portion 130 electrically connected to the input portion of the amplifier circuit.

With such a configuration, in the present glass antenna for high-frequency vehicles, radio waves radiated from the antenna conductor 120 to the window glass plate 110 side are reflected by the reflective conductor 210 and radiated toward the antenna conductor 120 (outside the vehicle). Antenna gain increases.
Next, FIG. 12 is a schematic side view showing a configuration of a glass for a vehicle as another conventional planar antenna, and is a view corresponding to FIG. The vehicle glass 500 shown in FIG. 12 is a glass mounted on a vehicle in which a solar heat ray shielding film 400 is formed on the surface of the glass substrate 100, and in a region other than the region where the heat ray shielding film 400 is formed. The vehicle interior antenna 200 and the vehicle exterior antenna 300 are formed to face each other with the glass substrate 100 interposed therebetween. Thereby, even in the glass for vehicles provided with the heat ray shielding film 400 that reflects radio waves, it is possible to transmit and receive radio waves having high frequencies equal to or higher than FM waves.

  Moreover, there exists a technique described in the following patent document 3 as a technique of printing wiring on a glass plate. With this technology, a glass substrate is superimposed on a metal plate that is desirable as a conductor pattern material, and YAG laser light is irradiated from above the glass substrate in a drawing pattern corresponding to the desired conductor pattern, thereby heating or melting or evaporating the metal plate. Then, a desired conductor pattern is thermally transferred onto the glass substrate. This makes it possible to print a stable conductor pattern that does not easily peel off on a glass substrate without using chemicals or the like. As an application example of this technique, it is also disclosed that an antenna conductor pattern for FM broadcast reception is printed on a windshield of a vehicle.

  In addition, although it is not the technique regarding an antenna, there exists a technique (electromagnetic wave shielding film) described in the following patent document 4 as a technique which prevents the leakage or penetration | invasion of electromagnetic waves. This electromagnetic wave shielding film was laminated on both sides of a transparent base film so that the metal conductive layer of the two-dimensional line segment pattern and the printed layer of the two-dimensional line segment pattern had the target structure centered on the base film. A film or a laminated film in which a plurality of such films are laminated, and the patterns of the metal conductive layer and the printed layer are all substantially the same shape and overlap each other on the base film (the front and back sides of the base film). The metal conductive layer is hidden by the printed layer from either side. With such a structure, it is possible to realize a film having good electromagnetic shielding characteristics.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-29916 JP-A-6-247746 JP-A-6-104551 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-341093

  However, when the antenna is simply formed on the glass surface as in the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2 or using the technique of Patent Document 3, the antenna gain decreases due to the loss corresponding to the thickness of the glass. In other words, the normal plate glass has a relatively large dielectric loss of around 0.02, so the loss increases at frequencies above the UHF band. When antenna patterns (ground patterns) are applied to both surfaces of the glass, Gain is reduced by loss of glass.

In addition, in the case of applying the technique of Patent Document 4 to form an antenna by forming a conductor pattern on a film, only a linear antenna can be formed, and a high gain antenna such as a patch antenna using a reflector is used. It is very difficult to get.
The present invention has been devised in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high gain and low loss glass antenna using glass as a substrate and a method for manufacturing the same. The application target of the glass antenna of the present invention is not limited to a moving body such as a vehicle, but can be applied to an entrance / exit gate system, a security system for preventing goods theft, and the like.

  (1) As a first proposal, a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate in which two plate glasses are bonded together through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern A glass antenna provided, wherein one or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern is embedded in the glass substrate, and the antenna pattern is provided in at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer. It is possible to use a glass antenna in which the thickness of the portion opposed to the antenna pattern is thinner than the thickness of the portion not opposed to the antenna pattern.

  (2) As a second proposal, a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate in which two plate glasses are bonded together through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern In the glass substrate, either or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate, and in the at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer, A glass antenna from which a portion facing the antenna pattern is removed can be used.

  (3) Further, as a third proposal, a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate in which two plate glasses are bonded together through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects a radio wave emitted from the antenna pattern In the glass substrate, either or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate, and in the at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer, A glass antenna can be used in which the dielectric loss at the portion facing the antenna pattern is smaller than the dielectric loss at the portion not facing the antenna pattern.

  (4) As a fourth plan, an antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the first plate glass, and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern is formed on the other surface of the first plate glass. A step of bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer, the first plate glass, and the second plate glass. A method of manufacturing a glass antenna, which includes a step of making a thickness of a portion facing the antenna pattern thinner than a thickness of a portion not facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the plate glass and the adhesive layer. .

  (5) Further, as a fifth plan, an antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the first plate glass, and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern is formed on the other surface of the first plate glass. A step of bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer, the first plate glass, and the second plate glass. A method of manufacturing a glass antenna, which includes a step of removing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the plate glass and the adhesive layer, can be used.

  (6) As a sixth plan, an antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the first plate glass, and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern is formed on the other surface of the first plate glass. A step of bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer, the first plate glass, and the second plate glass. And a step of replacing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the plate glass and the adhesive layer with a material having a dielectric loss smaller than the dielectric loss of the portion not facing the antenna pattern. Can be used.

  (7) Further, as a seventh plan, an antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the first plate glass, and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio wave of the antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the second plate glass. A step of bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer; the first plate glass; Using at least one of the glass plate and the adhesive layer, a method of making a thickness of a portion facing the antenna pattern thinner than a thickness of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. it can.

  (8) As an eighth proposal, an antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the first plate glass, and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the second plate glass. A step of bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer; the first plate glass; A method for producing a glass antenna, which includes a step of removing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the plate glass 2 and the adhesive layer, can be used.

  (9) Further, as a ninth plan, an antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the first plate glass, and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio wave of the antenna pattern is formed on one surface of the second plate glass. A step of bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer; the first plate glass; And a step of replacing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the plate glass and the adhesive layer with a material having a dielectric loss smaller than a dielectric loss of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. The method can be used.

According to the present invention, a high gain antenna such as a patch antenna that can use a reflector utilizing the thickness of glass can be configured, and antenna patterns are provided on both surfaces with the same glass thickness. An antenna with lower loss than the antenna can be realized.
Furthermore, since one or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate, the embedded pattern can be protected.

  In addition, when the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are formed on both surfaces of the same plate glass, the antenna pattern and the ground pattern can be accurately aligned in the manufacturing process, and a glass antenna having a desired gain can be obtained. Can be easily obtained.

It is a typical perspective view of the glass antenna (single patch antenna) concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a typical perspective view of the glass antenna (array patch antenna) concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a typical side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the structure of the glass antenna (single patch antenna) which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a typical side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the structure of the glass antenna which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the structure of the glass antenna which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the structure of the glass antenna which concerns on the modification of 3rd Embodiment. It is a typical side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the structure of the glass antenna which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the structure of the glass antenna which concerns on the 1st modification of 4th Embodiment. It is a typical side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the structure of the glass antenna which concerns on the 2nd modification of 4th Embodiment. It is a typical side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the structure of the glass antenna which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the structure of the glass antenna for high frequency vehicles as a conventional planar antenna. It is a typical side view which shows the structure of the glass for vehicles as another conventional planar antenna.

[1] Description of the First Embodiment In some cases, an antenna is formed on glass with an emphasis on design elements.
1 and 2 are schematic perspective views of a glass antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The glass antenna shown in FIG. 1 has an antenna element [antenna pattern (conductor pattern)] on one surface of a glass substrate 1. 2 is configured as a single patch antenna, and the glass antenna shown in FIG. 2 is configured as an array patch antenna in which a plurality (two) of antenna patterns 2 are formed on one surface of the glass substrate 1.

  This glass antenna can be used as either a transmission antenna or a reception antenna. 1 and 2, reference numeral 3 is provided to face the antenna pattern 2 and functions as a reflector that reflects radio waves radiated from the antenna pattern 2 (or reflects received radio waves to the antenna pattern 2). The reference numeral 4 indicates a power supply line (conductor pattern) to the antenna pattern 2. However, in the present embodiment, the glass substrate 1 is configured as a laminated glass obtained by laminating two plate glasses, and the ground pattern 3 is provided at a bonded portion of each plate glass.

  That is, the glass antenna (single patch antenna) of the present embodiment has two plate glasses 1a and 1b as schematically shown in FIG. 3, for example, and one surface 1a of one (first) plate glass 1a. -1 is formed on the other surface 1a-2, and a ground pattern 3 that also functions as a reflector for reflecting the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern 2 is formed at a position facing the antenna pattern 2. The surface 1a- of the glass substrate 1 is bonded by bonding the surface 1a-2 on which the ground pattern 3 of the plate glass 1a is formed to one surface of the other (second) plate glass 1b through an adhesive layer 1c serving as an intermediate film. 2 has an antenna pattern 2 and an antenna structure in which a ground pattern 3 is embedded at a position facing the antenna pattern 2 in the glass substrate 1.In the following, description will be made on the premise of a structure as a single patch antenna, but the array patch antenna is also different from the following description except that a plurality of antenna patterns 2 are mainly formed. Can be configured.

  Here, the thickness of the glass substrate 1 as a whole is preferably about 10 mm. For example, the thickness of the plate glasses 1 a and 1 b is preferably about 5 mm, and the thickness of the intermediate film 1 c is preferably about 0.76 mm. As described above, since glass usually has a certain thickness, a patch antenna using the reflector 3 can be configured. For the intermediate film (adhesive layer) 1c, for example, an adhesive film such as polyvinyl butyral can be used (the same applies to the following embodiments). Furthermore, the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 can each be formed by a printing technique such as silver printing.

  The method for manufacturing the glass antenna will be described. For example, as a first step, a printing agent (a silver paste or the like, hereinafter the same) is used on the one surface 1a-2 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the ground pattern 3. Is applied, dried and fired. Next, as a second step, a printing agent is applied to the other surface 1a-1 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the antenna pattern 2, and dried and fired. And as a 3rd process, the ground pattern printing surface 1a-2 of the plate glass 1a and the plate glass 1b which has not performed printing are bonded together through the intermediate film 1c.

Thereby, the glass antenna which has the structure mentioned above can be manufactured. The order of the first step and the second step described above may be reversed, or may be performed in one step by simultaneous, that is, simultaneous printing on both sides. In this way, the manufacturing period can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
As described above, the glass substrate 1 is not a single sheet, but a laminated glass of two sheet glasses 1a and 1b having a thickness of about half, and an antenna which is a conductor pattern on both surfaces 1a-1 and 1a-2 of one sheet glass 1a. By forming the pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 respectively, the antenna pattern 2 -the ground pattern 3 compared to the case where the conductor pattern is formed on both surfaces of one glass substrate having the same thickness (for example, about 10 mm). Since a glass portion existing between them can be reduced (that is, dielectric loss can be reduced), a high-gain antenna such as a patch antenna that can use the reflector 3 by utilizing the thickness of the glass is conventionally used. Can also be realized with low loss.

  In the glass antenna of this example, since the ground pattern 3 is embedded in the glass substrate 1, the ground pattern 3 can be protected. Furthermore, since the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 are formed on both surfaces of the same plate glass 1a, the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 can be aligned with high accuracy in the manufacturing process. Therefore, a glass antenna having a desired gain can be easily obtained.

  In addition, the thickness of plate glass 1a, 1b and the intermediate film 1c is not limited to the numerical example mentioned above, It can change suitably. Moreover, the thickness of the plate glass 1a and the thickness of the plate glass 1b may be the same, and may differ. However, in order to reduce the dielectric loss due to glass, the thickness of the plate glass 1a on the side where the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 are formed is required so that the distance between the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 is as small as possible. It is preferable to make it thin as long as a sufficient gain can be secured.

  Further, in order to further reduce the dielectric loss between the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 and to reduce the loss, the thickness of the plate glass 1a sandwiched between the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 is reduced, or The portion may be removed and replaced with a material having a lower loss than that of the plate glass 1a such as ceramic, plastic, or quartz glass (or left as it is).

Furthermore, the locations where the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 are formed are not limited to the positions shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 and can be appropriately changed (the same applies to the following embodiments).
[2] Description of Second Embodiment FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing the structure of the glass antenna according to the second embodiment of the present invention in an exploded manner. The glass antenna shown in FIG. Compared to the glass antenna, the glass substrate 1 is configured by bonding the plate glass 1b to the formation surface 1a-1 of the antenna pattern 2 of the plate glass 1a through the adhesive layer 1c serving as an intermediate film. That is, in this example, not the ground pattern 3 but the antenna pattern 2 is embedded in the glass substrate 1. In FIG. 4, members having the same reference numerals as those described above are the same or similar members as those described above unless otherwise specified.

  Here, the manufacturing method of the glass antenna of this example will be described. For example, as a first step, first, a printing agent is applied to one surface 1a-2 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the ground pattern 3, Dry and fire. Next, as a second step, a printing agent is applied to the other surface 1a-1 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the antenna pattern 2, and then dried and fired. And as a 3rd process, the antenna pattern printing surface 1a-1 of the plate glass 1a and the plate glass 1b which has not performed printing are bonded together through the intermediate film 1c.

Thereby, the glass antenna which has the structure mentioned above can be manufactured. Also in this example, the order of the first step and the second step may be reversed, or may be performed in one step by simultaneous, that is, simultaneous printing on both sides.
With such a structure, an effect of collecting the radiation electric field in the radiation direction of the antenna pattern 2 (the direction away from the surface 1a-1 on which the antenna pattern 2 is formed) is obtained. That is, in this case, since the antenna pattern 2 is embedded in the glass substrate 1 having a relatively large relative dielectric constant (about 7), the dielectric loss is slightly smaller than that of the glass antenna having the structure described above with reference to FIG. Although it becomes larger, the directivity of the radiated radio wave can be slightly improved. Moreover, since the antenna pattern 2 is embedded in the glass substrate 1, the antenna pattern 2 can also be protected.

[3] Description of Third Embodiment FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic side view showing the structure of a glass antenna according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The glass antenna shown in FIG. Based on the antenna structure of the second embodiment, the intermediate film 1c is removed only in the portion where the antenna pattern 2 exists, and the portion is replaced with a low-loss material 1d such as ceramic having a low dielectric loss, polypropylene, plastic or the like. It has become. In FIG. 5 as well, members denoted by the same reference numerals as those described above are the same or similar members as described above.

  Here, the manufacturing method of the glass antenna in this example will be described. As a first step, first, a printing agent is applied to one surface 1a-2 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the ground pattern 3, and is dried. Firing is performed. Next, as a second step, a printing agent is applied to the other surface 1a-1 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the antenna pattern 2, and then dried and fired. Further, as a third step, the contact portion of the intermediate film 1c to which the glass sheets 1a and 1b are bonded is partially cut according to the shape thereof, and the low loss material 1d is embedded in the cut portion. And as a 4th process, the antenna pattern printing surface 1a-1 of the plate glass 1a and the plate glass 1b which has not performed printing are bonded together via the intermediate film 1c which embedded the low-loss material 1d.

Thereby, the glass antenna which has a structure as shown in FIG. 5 can be manufactured. In addition, the order of said 1st-3rd process is not ask | required. Further, the first and second steps described above may be performed at the same time, that is, in one step by simultaneous duplex printing.
With the antenna structure as in this example, the dielectric loss in the radiation direction of the antenna pattern 2 can be further reduced, so that a glass antenna with a lower loss than in the second embodiment can be realized. In this example, a part of the intermediate film 1c (the part where the antenna pattern 2 exists) is removed, but the thickness of the intermediate film 1c in that part is made thinner than the other parts without removing it. The gain loss can be reduced even if the structure is replaced with the low-loss material 1d.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6, not only the intermediate film 1c but also the plate glass 1b, the thickness of at least the portion facing the antenna pattern 2 is made thinner (or removed) than the other portions, If the portion is replaced with a low-loss material 1e having a lower loss than the dielectric loss of the plate glass 1b, such as ceramic, plastic, or quartz glass, the gain can be further reduced. Note that the low-loss material 1e may be used only for the plate glass 1b as shown in FIG. Further, in either of the antenna structures shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the removed or thinned portion may be left as it is without being replaced with the low-loss materials 1d and 1e.

[4] Description of Fourth Embodiment FIG. 7 is a schematic side view showing an exploded structure of a glass antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The glass antenna shown in FIG. , 1b, an antenna pattern (conductor pattern) 2 is formed on one surface 1a-2 of each surface 1a-1, 1a-2 of one plate glass 1a, and each surface of the other plate glass 1b A ground pattern (conductor pattern) 3 that functions as a reflector on one surface 1b-1 of 1b-1 and 1b-2 is opposed to the antenna pattern 2 when the plate glasses 1a and 1b are integrated as a glass substrate 1. The glass plates 1a and 1b are bonded to each other through the intermediate film (adhesive layer) 1c in such a direction that the conductor patterns 2 and 3 face each other. It has an antenna structure in which the pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 are embedded facing each other. In FIG. 7, members having the same reference numerals as those described above are the same or similar members as those described above unless otherwise specified.

  Here, also in this example, the thickness of the plate glasses 1a and 1b is preferably about half (about 5 mm) of the thickness of one glass substrate 1, but the thickness of the intermediate film (adhesive layer) 1c is about the antenna. Since it is necessary to secure a distance necessary for the ground pattern 3 to function as a reflector between the pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3, such a thickness is required, for example, about 2 to 3 mm. Is preferred. In this case, for example, the intermediate film 1c may be formed by stacking several sheets of the adhesive film (usually having a thickness of about 0.76 mm) by the required thickness. Also in this example, the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 can each be formed by a printing technique such as silver printing.

  The manufacturing method of the glass antenna of this example will be described. For example, as a first step, first, a printing agent is applied to one surface 1a-2 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the ground pattern 3, and then dried and fired. To do. Next, as a second step, a printing agent is applied to the other surface 1a-1 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the antenna pattern 2, and then dried and fired. Further, as a third step, the contact portion of the intermediate film 1c to which the glass sheets 1a and 1b are bonded is partially cut according to the shape thereof, and the low loss material 1d is embedded in the cut portion.

Next, as a fourth step, a part (or all) of the portion corresponding to the antenna pattern 2 of the plate glass 1b is removed, and the low-loss material 1e is embedded therein. And as a 5th process, the surface where the low loss material 1e of the plate glass 1b was embedded, and the antenna pattern printing surface 1a-1 of the plate glass 1a are bonded together via the intermediate film 1c which embedded the low loss material 1d.
As described above, a glass antenna having a structure as shown in FIG. 6 can be manufactured. In addition, the order of said 1st-4th process is not ask | required. Also, the first and second steps described above may be performed at the same time, that is, in one step by simultaneous duplex printing.

By adopting such an antenna structure, only the intermediate film 1c having a thickness smaller than that of the glass plates 1a and 1b exists between the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3, so that the antenna structure can be compared with the antenna structure described above. The distance between the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 is shortened, the reflection effect by the ground pattern 3 is improved, and the gain can be improved.
Also in this example, the antenna pattern 2 is formed on the surface 1a-2 in contact with the intermediate film 1c and embedded in the glass substrate 1 as in the antenna structure of the second embodiment described above. The effect of collecting the radiation electric field in the radiation direction of the antenna pattern 2 (the direction away from the surface 1a-1 opposite to the surface 1a-2 on which the antenna pattern 2 is formed) is obtained. That is, also in this case, since the antenna pattern 2 is embedded in the glass substrate 1 having a relatively large relative dielectric constant (about 7), the dielectric loss is slightly increased, but the directivity of the radiated radio wave is slightly improved. Can do.

Moreover, since both the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 which are conductor patterns are embed | buried in the glass substrate 1, both of these conductor patterns 2 and 3 can also be protected.
In this example, as in the antenna structure described above with reference to FIG. 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the portion of the intermediate film 1c facing the antenna pattern 2 is removed (or made thinner) and the portion is replaced. If it is replaced with a low-loss material 1d such as a ceramic having a low dielectric loss, polypropylene, plastic or the like, the loss can be further reduced. Also, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, as shown in FIG. Further, not only the intermediate film 1c but also the plate glass 1a, the thickness of at least the portion facing the antenna pattern 2 is made thinner (or removed) than the other portions, and the portion is made of ceramic, plastic, quartz glass. If the low loss material 1e having a lower loss than the dielectric loss of the plate glass 1a is used, the loss can be further reduced. It is possible.

Here, also in this example, the low-loss material 1e may be used only for the plate glass 1a as shown in FIG. 9, and any of the antenna structures shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is removed or thinned. These parts may be left as they are without being replaced by the low-loss materials 1d and 1e.
[5] Description of Fifth Embodiment FIG. 10 is an exploded schematic side view showing the structure of a glass antenna according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The glass antenna shown in FIG. , 1b, an antenna pattern (conductor pattern) 2 is formed on one surface 1a-1 of each surface 1a-1, 1a-2 of one plate glass 1a, and each surface of the other plate glass 1b The back side of the antenna pattern 2 when a ground pattern (conductor pattern) 3 functioning as a reflecting plate is integrated on one surface 1b-1 of 1b-1 and 1b-2 as the glass substrate 1 with the respective plate glasses 1a and 1b. The glass plates 1a and 1b are bonded to each other through the intermediate film (adhesive layer) 1c so that the surfaces 1a-2 and 1b-1 face each other. table The antenna pattern 2 is formed on the surface 1 a-1, and the antenna structure has a ground pattern 3 embedded in the glass substrate 1.

  That is, the antenna structure shown in FIG. 10 is the ground pattern 3 formed on one surface (surface in contact with the intermediate film 1c) 1a-2 of the glass sheet 1a in the antenna structure of the first embodiment described above with reference to FIG. Corresponds to a structure formed on the surface 1b-1 in contact with the intermediate film 1c of the other plate glass 1b. In FIG. 10, members having the same reference numerals as those described above are the same or similar members as those described above unless otherwise specified.

  Here, in this example as well, as in the first embodiment, the overall thickness of the glass substrate 1 is preferably about 10 mm. However, the distance between the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 should be as short as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to make the thickness of the plate glass 1a on which the antenna pattern 2 is formed thinner than the thickness of the plate glass 1b on which the ground pattern 3 is formed. Also in this example, for the intermediate film (adhesive layer) 1c, for example, an adhesive film such as polyvinyl butyral can be used, and the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 are respectively a printing technique such as silver printing. Can be formed.

  The manufacturing method of the glass antenna in this example will be described. For example, as a first step, first, a printing agent is applied to one surface 1a-1 of the plate glass 1a using a screen mesh plate for the antenna pattern 2 and dried. Firing is performed. Next, as a second step, a printing agent is applied to one surface 1b-1 of the plate glass 1b using a screen mesh plate for the ground pattern 3, followed by drying and baking. And as a 3rd process, the surface 1a-2 which has not printed the antenna pattern 2 of the plate glass 1a, and the ground pattern printing surface 1b-1 of the plate glass 1b are bonded together via the intermediate film 1c.

Thereby, the glass antenna which has the structure mentioned above can be manufactured. Also in this example, the order of the first step and the second step may be reversed, or may be performed in one step by simultaneous, that is, simultaneous printing on both sides.
As described above, in this embodiment as well, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, compared to the case where conductor patterns are formed on both surfaces of one glass substrate having the same thickness (for example, about 10 mm), the antenna Since the glass portion existing between the pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 can be reduced (that is, the dielectric loss can be reduced), a high gain like a patch antenna that can use the reflector 3 by utilizing the thickness of the glass. This antenna can be realized with a lower loss than in the prior art. Further, since the ground pattern 3 is embedded in the glass substrate 1, the ground pattern 3 can be protected.

  Also in this example, in order to further reduce the dielectric loss between the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 and to reduce the loss, a portion of the plate glass 1a sandwiched between the antenna pattern 2 and the ground pattern 3 and the middle The thickness of the film 1c may be reduced, or the portion may be removed and replaced with a low-loss material such as ceramic, plastic, or quartz glass (or left as it is).

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[6] Appendix (Appendix 1)
One or both of an antenna pattern and a ground pattern that reflects the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern are embedded in a glass substrate.

(Appendix 2)
The antenna pattern is provided on one surface of the glass substrate,
The glass antenna according to appendix 1, wherein the ground pattern is embedded in the glass substrate.
(Appendix 3)
The glass substrate is configured as a laminated glass substrate in which two plate glasses are bonded via an adhesive layer,
The antenna pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
The glass antenna according to appendix 2, wherein the ground pattern is provided on the bonding surface of the plate glass.

(Appendix 4)
The glass substrate is configured as a laminated glass substrate in which two plate glasses are bonded via an adhesive layer,
The antenna pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
The glass antenna according to appendix 2, wherein the ground pattern is provided on an adhesive surface of the other plate glass.

(Appendix 5)
The ground pattern is provided on one surface of the glass substrate,
2. The glass antenna according to appendix 1, wherein the antenna pattern is embedded in the glass substrate.
(Appendix 6)
The glass substrate is configured as a laminated glass substrate in which two plate glasses are bonded via an adhesive layer,
The ground pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the bonding surface of one of the above plate glasses, and
The glass antenna according to appendix 5, wherein the antenna pattern is provided on the adhesive surface of the plate glass.

(Appendix 7)
The glass antenna according to appendix 5 or 6, characterized in that at least a part or all of the portion of the adhesive layer facing the antenna pattern is made of a material having a loss lower than the dielectric loss of the adhesive layer. .
(Appendix 8)
Any one of appendixes 5 to 7, characterized in that at least part or all of the portion of the other plate glass facing the antenna pattern is made of a material having a loss lower than the dielectric loss of the plate glass. The glass antenna described in 1.

(Appendix 9)
The glass antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded so as to oppose each other so as to have at least a reflection distance capable of reflecting the radiated radio wave inside the glass substrate.
(Appendix 10)
The glass substrate is configured as a laminated glass substrate obtained by bonding two plate glasses through an adhesive layer having a thickness of at least the reflection distance,
The antenna pattern is provided on an adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
The glass antenna according to appendix 9, wherein the ground pattern is provided on the other adhesive surface of the plate glass.

(Appendix 11)
11. The glass antenna according to appendix 10, wherein at least part or all of a portion of the adhesive layer facing the antenna pattern is made of a material having a loss lower than a dielectric loss of the adhesive layer.
(Appendix 12)
12. The glass antenna according to appendix 10 or 11, wherein at least part or all of a portion of the one plate glass facing the antenna pattern is made of a material having a lower loss than the dielectric loss of the plate glass. .

(Appendix 13)
Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on the other surface of the first plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
A method for producing a glass antenna, comprising a step of bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer.

(Appendix 14)
The method further includes the step of removing at least part or all of the portion of the adhesive layer facing the antenna pattern and embedding a material having a lower loss than the dielectric loss of the adhesive layer in the removed portion. 13. A method for producing a glass antenna according to 13.
(Appendix 15)
Removing at least part or all of the portion of the second glass plate facing the antenna pattern, and embedding a material having a lower loss than the dielectric loss of the second glass plate in the removed portion. The manufacturing method of the glass antenna of Additional remark 13 or 14.

(Appendix 16)
The method for manufacturing a glass antenna according to any one of appendices 13 to 15, wherein the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are formed on the first plate glass by simultaneous double-sided printing.
(Appendix 17)
Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on one surface of the second plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
A process for producing a glass antenna, comprising the step of bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer. Method.

(Appendix 18)
When the one surface of the first plate glass and the one surface of the second plate glass are bonded together, each of the plate glasses is formed by the adhesive layer having a reflection distance that can reflect at least the radiated radio wave. The method for manufacturing a glass antenna according to appendix 17, characterized in that:

(Appendix 19)
The method further includes the step of removing at least part or all of the portion of the adhesive layer facing the antenna pattern and embedding a material having a lower loss than the dielectric loss of the adhesive layer in the removed portion. The manufacturing method of the glass antenna of 17 or 18.
(Appendix 20)
Removing at least part or all of the portion of the first plate glass facing the antenna pattern, and embedding a material having a lower loss than the dielectric loss of the first plate glass in the removed portion. The manufacturing method of the glass antenna of any one of Additional remarks 17-19.

(Appendix 21)
A glass antenna comprising a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate obtained by laminating two plate glasses through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects a radiated radio wave of the antenna pattern,
One or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate,
In at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer, a thickness of a portion facing the antenna pattern is thinner than a thickness of a portion not facing the antenna pattern.

(Appendix 22)
A glass antenna comprising a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate obtained by laminating two plate glasses through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects a radiated radio wave of the antenna pattern,
One or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate,
A glass antenna, wherein a portion facing the antenna pattern is removed from at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer.

(Appendix 23)
A glass antenna comprising a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate obtained by laminating two plate glasses through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects a radiated radio wave of the antenna pattern,
One or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate,
A glass antenna, wherein a dielectric loss of a portion facing the antenna pattern is smaller than a dielectric loss of a portion not facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer.

(Appendix 24)
The antenna pattern is provided on one surface of the glass substrate,
The glass antenna according to any one of appendices 21 to 23, wherein the ground pattern is embedded in the glass substrate.
(Appendix 25)
The antenna pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
25. The glass antenna according to appendix 24, wherein the ground pattern is provided on the bonding surface of the plate glass.

(Appendix 26)
The antenna pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
25. The glass antenna according to appendix 24, wherein the ground pattern is provided on an adhesive surface of the other plate glass.
(Appendix 27)
The ground pattern is provided on one surface of the glass substrate,
24. The glass antenna according to any one of appendices 21 to 23, wherein the antenna pattern is embedded in the glass substrate.

(Appendix 28)
The ground pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the bonding surface of one of the above plate glasses, and
28. The glass antenna according to appendix 27, wherein the antenna pattern is provided on the adhesive surface of the plate glass.
(Appendix 29)
Any one of appendices 21 to 23, wherein the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded so as to oppose each other so as to have at least a reflection distance capable of reflecting the radiated radio wave inside the glass substrate. The glass antenna according to item.

(Appendix 30)
The adhesive layer has a thickness of at least the reflection distance;
The antenna pattern is provided on an adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
29. The glass antenna according to appendix 29, wherein the ground pattern is provided on the other bonding surface of the plate glass.

(Appendix 31)
Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on the other surface of the first plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
And at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer, including a step of making a thickness of a portion facing the antenna pattern thinner than a thickness of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A method for manufacturing a glass antenna.

(Appendix 32)
Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on the other surface of the first plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
And a step of removing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer.

(Appendix 33)
Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on the other surface of the first plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
A step of replacing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer with a material having a dielectric loss smaller than a dielectric loss of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A method for manufacturing a glass antenna, comprising:

(Appendix 34)
Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on one surface of the second plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
And at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer, including a step of making a thickness of a portion facing the antenna pattern thinner than a thickness of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A method for manufacturing a glass antenna.

(Appendix 35)
Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on one surface of the second plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
And a step of removing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer.

(Appendix 36)
Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on one surface of the second plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
A step of replacing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer with a material having a dielectric loss smaller than a dielectric loss of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A method for manufacturing a glass antenna, comprising:

  As described above in detail, according to the present invention, an antenna with higher gain and lower loss than the conventional one using glass as a substrate can be realized, so a vehicle GPS antenna, an entry / exit gate system, a security system, etc. It is considered extremely useful in the technical field using radio waves.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Glass substrate 1a, 1b Plate glass 1a-1, 1a-2 Surface of plate glass 1b-1, 1b-2 Surface of plate glass 1d, 1e Low-loss material 1c Intermediate film (adhesion layer)
2 Antenna pattern (conductor pattern)
3 Ground pattern (conductor pattern)
4 Power supply line (conductor pattern)

Claims (16)

A glass antenna comprising a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate obtained by laminating two plate glasses through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects a radiated radio wave of the antenna pattern,
One or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate,
In at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer, a thickness of a portion facing the antenna pattern is thinner than a thickness of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A glass antenna comprising a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate obtained by laminating two plate glasses through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects a radiated radio wave of the antenna pattern,
One or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate,
A glass antenna, wherein a portion facing the antenna pattern is removed from at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer. A glass antenna comprising a glass substrate configured as a laminated glass substrate obtained by laminating two plate glasses through an adhesive layer, an antenna pattern, and a ground pattern that reflects a radiated radio wave of the antenna pattern,
One or both of the antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded in the glass substrate,
A glass antenna, wherein a dielectric loss of a portion facing the antenna pattern is smaller than a dielectric loss of a portion not facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the two plate glasses and the adhesive layer. The antenna pattern is provided on one surface of the glass substrate,
The glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ground pattern is embedded in the glass substrate. The antenna pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
The glass antenna according to claim 4, wherein the ground pattern is provided on the bonding surface of the plate glass. The antenna pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
The glass antenna according to claim 4, wherein the ground pattern is provided on an adhesive surface of the other plate glass. The ground pattern is provided on one surface of the glass substrate,
The glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the antenna pattern is embedded in the glass substrate. The ground pattern is provided on the surface opposite to the bonding surface of one of the above plate glasses, and
The glass antenna according to claim 7, wherein the antenna pattern is provided on the bonding surface of the plate glass.   The antenna pattern and the ground pattern are embedded so as to face each other so as to have at least a reflection distance capable of reflecting the radiated radio wave inside the glass substrate. The glass antenna according to item 1. The adhesive layer has a thickness of at least the reflection distance;
The antenna pattern is provided on an adhesive surface of one of the plate glasses, and
The glass antenna according to claim 9, wherein the ground pattern is provided on an adhesive surface of the other plate glass. Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on the other surface of the first plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
And at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer, including a step of making a thickness of a portion facing the antenna pattern thinner than a thickness of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A method for manufacturing a glass antenna. Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on the other surface of the first plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
And a step of removing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer. Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on the other surface of the first plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
A step of replacing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer with a material having a dielectric loss smaller than a dielectric loss of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A method for manufacturing a glass antenna, comprising: Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on one surface of the second plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
And at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer, including a step of making a thickness of a portion facing the antenna pattern thinner than a thickness of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A method for manufacturing a glass antenna. Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on one surface of the second plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
And a step of removing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer. Forming an antenna pattern on one surface of the first plate glass and forming a ground pattern on one surface of the second plate glass to reflect the radiated radio waves of the antenna pattern;
Bonding the one surface of the first plate glass or the other surface and the one surface of the second plate glass with an adhesive layer;
A step of replacing a portion facing the antenna pattern in at least one of the first plate glass, the second plate glass, and the adhesive layer with a material having a dielectric loss smaller than a dielectric loss of a portion not facing the antenna pattern. A method for manufacturing a glass antenna, comprising:

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