CN111989821A

CN111989821A - Vehicle glazing

Info

Publication number: CN111989821A
Application number: CN202080000612.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: V.拉梅什库马尔; G.弗朗索瓦; T.霍尔特斯蒂格
Original assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS; Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date: 2019-03-21
Filing date: 2020-03-06
Publication date: 2020-11-24
Also published as: WO2020187602A1; DE202020005488U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle glazing (1) having a first substrate (GS1), a foil (F) having at least one first electrically conductive layer (LS1) and an electronic component (EK), wherein the foil (F) has a foil thickness (h)_F) Is 100 [ mu ] m to 10 [ mu ] m, in particular 50 [ mu ] m or less, wherein the first electrically conductive layer (LS1) has a structure forming an antenna structure (ANT), a first conductive structure (GPCW1), a second conductive structure (GPCW2) and a connection region (AB), wherein an electronic Element (EK) is applied on the foil (F), wherein the antenna structure (ANT) is connected via the first conductive structure (ANT)The structure (GPCW1) is connected to an electronic component (EK), wherein the electronic component (EK) is connected to the connection region (AB) by a second conductive structure (GPCW2), wherein the foil (F) is laid around the first substrate (GS1) in such a way that the antenna structure (ANT) is arranged on a first side of the first substrate (GS1) and the connection region (AB) is arranged on a second side of the first substrate (GS1) opposite to the first side.

Description

Vehicle glazing

The present invention relates to vehicle glazing panels.

Background

Vehicles are increasingly being equipped with electrical components. In addition to classical radio devices, an increasing number of devices found in vehicles can receive or transmit high frequency signals.

For example, reference may be made herein to receiving signals of a navigation system or signals of a communication system.

The navigation system may be a satellite-assisted navigation satellite system (GNSS), for example. The system in operation is, for example, the Global Positioning System (GPS) or the global navigation satellite system (GLONASS). Other navigation systems may be based on mobile radio systems, for example.

The communication system may for example be a short range radio system for car-to-car or car-to-infrastructure, or a mobile radio communication system, such as a second/third/fourth or fifth generation mobile communication system.

Although it is possible to fix the respective antenna on the outside of the vehicle, such additional means pose problems in several respects.

An exemplary arrangement is known from publication US 20140176374 a 1.

On the one hand, the corresponding devices require notches, which are susceptible to corrosion. On the other hand, such devices often disturb the optical impression. However, such devices also typically provide a source of noise and increased air resistance. In addition, such antennas are also targeted for catastrophic failure.

Based on this, a trend of providing antennas at other positions has been developed in the past.

For example, the GNSS antenna may be disposed within a vehicle interior space, such as under a dashboard or under a windshield panel.

Here, it is difficult to find a suitable position with a suitable angle of the antenna to the GNSS satellites and at the same time avoid electromagnetic compatibility (EMV) problems due to the electrical equipment in the dashboard and to the engine of the vehicle.

In addition, conductive layers such as infrared reflective layers or low emissivity layers may prevent transmission of electromagnetic radiation through the glass sheet and block GNSS signals.

A typical GPS antenna is implemented as a flat antenna and usually as a patch antenna and is known, for example, from WO 00/22695 a1, DE 202006011919U 1 or DE 202010011837U 1. The flat metal antenna structure is arranged on one side of a printed circuit board or a ceramic carrier. A flat substrate is arranged on the opposite side as a ground plane. The antenna structure and the substrate are connected to the electrical receiving unit by electrical leads. Due to the material thickness of the printed circuit board or the ceramic carrier, the antenna has a certain thickness and is clearly visible and less aesthetically pleasing when arranged directly on the windscreen panel.

From US 9,257,747B 2 a Vivaldi antenna is known, which can be mounted on a vehicle glazing. Patch antennas are known from WO 2005/091827 a2, which can be mounted on a vehicle glazing. Cross dipole antenna arrangements are known from US 2008/0129619 a1 and from US 2006/139223 a1, which may be mounted to a vehicle glazing panel. Another antenna on a vehicle glazing is known from DE 10129664 a 1.

Antennas mounted on the surface of a glass plate have hitherto been connected to coaxial cables.

Due to many considerations, it is desirable to integrate the antennas and feed lines in the glass sheet. On the one hand, the mounting considerations are important here, and on the other hand, the considerations with regard to the electrical connection of the antenna are also important.

Antennas integrated in glass are known from the prior art, for example from US 5,760,744, WO 2016/162251 a1 and european patent EP 0608180B 1.

However, due to the framework conditions, integration is difficult to achieve. Here, obstacles are available to construct space to integrate such antennas and their feed lines.

In particular in the case of composite glass panes, this construction space is limited. If there is introduced such an arrangement between two substrate layers, the distance between the two substrate layers cannot be too large to be integrated into a conventional system. In addition, such systems are also prone to lamination defects, e.g., imperfections, in the area of the antenna/feed line and/or substrate cracking may occur in the area of the antenna/feed line.

This is due to the fact that the systems hitherto have a stack formed by a feed line and an antenna structure. The feed lines have (structured) copper foils, a protective layer being applied to the copper layers by means of an adhesive. The antenna structure in turn has its own (structured) copper foil, on which a protective layer is applied by means of an adhesive. Electrical connections must be established in place between the copper foil of the feed line and the copper foil of the antenna structure.

Such an antenna form is known, for example, from US 5,534,879, in which feed lines provided on a strip are connected to separately provided antenna elements by means of solder. The production of such structures is critical, since the temperature must be carefully regulated during the production of the composite glass pane in order to reliably ensure a soldered connection. Furthermore, problems arise with regard to the long-term stability of the soldered connection.

It is also known to amplify high-frequency signals by means of an amplifier device before possible processing. Here, the amplifiers are usually provided only in the respective receiving device.

In particular, in the case of weak signals or signals which are strongly attenuated in the antenna line, it is often the case that the effective signal is strongly attenuated between the reception of the signal by the antenna and the amplification in the receiving device.

Although back-tuning can be achieved by amplifiers with high amplification levels, it has been found that amplifiers with high amplification levels tend to oscillate inherently and appear very sensitive to interfering signals.

However, especially in the environment of a vehicle, there may be many sources of interfering signals.

Providing such an amplifier and providing a filter for suppressing interfering signals is complex and cost intensive and generally provides only a slight improvement.

It is known from DE 60306719T 2 to provide electronic components in a housing on a glass plate. However, problems with placement arise here.

Starting from this, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved vehicle glazing panel in which one or more of the problems from the prior art are avoided.

Brief description of the invention

The object is achieved by a vehicle glazing panel having a first substrate, a foil having at least one first electrically conductive layer and at least one electronic element, wherein the foil has a foil thickness of 100 μm to 10 μm, in particular 50 μm or less, wherein the first electrically conductive layer has a structure forming an antenna structure, a first conductive structure, a second conductive structure and a connection area, wherein the electronic element(s) is applied on the foil, wherein the antenna structure is connected to the electronic element(s) by the first conductive structure, wherein the electronic element(s) is connected to the connection area by the second conductive structure, wherein the foil is laid around the first substrate such that the antenna structure is arranged on a first side of the first substrate and the connection area is arranged on a second side of the first substrate, opposite the first side.

This means that with the invention it is provided to mount electronic components, such as filters or amplifiers, in close spatial proximity. In this case, the signal-to-noise ratio can be influenced positively early. Furthermore, the foil may be prefabricated together with the structure and the electronic components, so that a cost-effective integration is provided.

In one embodiment of the invention, the vehicle glazing has a ground potential plane on the side opposite it in the region of the antenna structure.

This means that the invention also allows the use of glass plates with printed/evaporated metal surfaces.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, a ground plane is alternatively or additionally provided on the second conductive layer.

This means that the invention also allows the integration of a ground potential plane on the foil.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the ground potential plane is provided as a conductive layer on the first substrate.

This means that the invention also allows other antenna shapes to be provided as well as providing special waveguide structures.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the antenna structure has dipole properties and/or broadband properties.

By means of the dipole properties, antennas with excellent preferred directions, such as dipole antennas or yagi antennas, can be realized particularly easily. For example, signals with a preferred direction, for example vertically or horizontally polarized signals, can thus be received particularly sensitively. On the other hand, when such an antenna structure with a preferred direction is suitably coupled by a delay line, the circular polarization can also be received particularly well. Such circularly polarized signals are often present in satellite assisted systems.

By means of the broadband properties, antennas can be provided particularly easily, for example multiband dipole, Vivaldi antennas for a plurality of frequency ranges, so that a plurality of different devices can be handled by one antenna. For example, signals for a navigation system and/or a radio reception and/or mobile radio system can thus be received by means of the antenna arrangement ANT.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the height of the first conductive layer is 10 μm to 75 μm. Also, the height of the second conductive layer may be 10 to 75 μm. Preferably, the height of the first and second conductive layers is about 35 μm. On the first conductive layer and/or on the second conductive layer, an adhesion promoting layer may optionally be applied. The height of the adhesion promotion layers may be, for example, about 15 μm each.

This enables a thin assembly which can also be integrated into the composite glass sheet or can also be adapted to curved surfaces.

In particular, the dielectric foil F may have at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyurethane, polymethylenemethacrylic acid (ä ure), polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, FR6, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide.

According to another embodiment of the invention, at least a part of the electronic components is arranged on the side of the antenna structure.

This means that, with a suitable dimensional ratio, the electronic components can be arranged in the intermediate layer, for example also in the case of a composite glass pane.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, at least a part of the electronic components is arranged on the side of the turn-on area.

This means that, independent of the size ratio, the electronic components can be provided close to the antenna, but also close to the switch-on area.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the vehicle glass pane is a composite glass pane, wherein the vehicle glass pane further has a second substrate, wherein the foil (with the further layer) is introduced between the first substrate and the second substrate.

This means that the foil can be introduced both on the outer side of the glass pane and between the glass layers of the composite glass pane.

The second substrate may be, for example, a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. Essentially all electrically insulating substrates are suitable as substrates, which are thermally and chemically stable under the conditions of manufacture and use of the vehicle glazing according to the invention.

The glass plate preferably comprises a glass substrate, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass or clear plastic, preferably a rigid clear plastic, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.

According to another embodiment of the invention, a vehicle, in particular a land, sea, aviation or aerospace vehicle, is provided having a glass sheet according to the invention.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the glass plate according to the invention is used for receiving signals for satellite-assisted navigation, in particular GNSS signals of the navigation satellites GPS, galileo, glonass, beidou, Navic, QZSS. Alternatively or additionally, the glass pane according to the invention is used for receiving signals of a mobile communication system, in particular of a second, third, fourth or fifth generation mobile communication system.

Without limiting generality, the vehicle glass panel may be a windshield panel, a rear glass panel, a side glass panel, or a roof glass panel.

Brief Description of Drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples. The drawing is schematic and not true to scale. The drawings in no way limit the invention.

Wherein:

figure 1 shows a schematic overview for illustrating the arrangement of the foil and the substrate layer(s) according to prior art and aspects of the present invention,

figure 2 shows a schematic cross section through a foil with a conductive layer in an embodiment of the invention,

figure 3 shows a schematic perspective view of an antenna structure in an embodiment of the invention,

figure 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a conductive structure in an embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 5 shows a schematic top view from a first side looking towards the antenna structure and the conductive structure in an embodiment of the invention, and

fig. 6 shows a schematic top view from the second side looking towards the antenna structure and the conductive structure in the embodiment of the invention according to fig. 5.

Detailed Description

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted here that different aspects are described, which can be used individually or in combination. This means that various aspects may be used with different embodiments of the invention, unless explicitly described as a pure alternative.

Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, below only one entity is usually involved in the following. The invention may also have a plurality of the entities involved in each case, unless explicitly stated otherwise. In this regard, the use of the terms "a," "an," and "an" should only be construed to imply the use of at least one entity in a simple embodiment.

If a method is described below, the various steps of the method can be arranged in any order and/or combined unless something different is clear from the context. These methods may also be combined with each other, unless explicitly indicated otherwise.

The description by numerical values should generally not be understood as precise values, but also include tolerances of +/-1% to +/-10%.

If nomenclature, specifications, etc. are known in the present application, at least always reference is made to the applicable standards, specifications, etc. at the filing date. This means that the invention is also applicable to standards/specifications, etc., if they are updated or replaced by a later version.

In which different embodiments are shown.

The vehicle glazing 1 according to the invention has a first substrate GS1, a foil F, at least one first electrically conductive layer LS1 and at least one electronic element EK. The term foil is understood here to mean the thickness h of the foil F_FIs small compared to its size in terms of area. Typical foil thickness h_FIs between 100 [ mu ] m and 10 [ mu ] m, in particular 50 [ mu ] m or less.

The substrate may be, for example, a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. Essentially all electrically insulating substrates are suitable as substrates, which are thermally and chemically stable under the conditions of manufacture and use of the vehicle glazing according to the invention.

The glass substrate particularly preferably comprises flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass or clear plastic, preferably rigid clear plastic, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.

The electronic component EK may be, for example, an active amplifier, a discretely designed filter, etc.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the conductor layers LS1, LS2 have silver and/or copper and/or gold and/or aluminum and/or indium and/or graphene. It should be noted here that the conductor layers LS1, LS2 may have different materials. However, they are preferably of the same material. This means that the conductor structure can also be adapted to electrical and/or thermal and/or mechanical boundary conditions.

In another embodiment of the invention the foil is of at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyurethane, polymethylene methacrylic acid, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, FR6, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide.

Structures forming, for example, an antenna structure ANT, a first conductive structure GPCW1, a second conductive structure GPCW2, and a turn-on region AB are provided in the first conductive layer LS 1.

The electronic element(s) EK are applied by suitable methods to the foil F or the structure of the conductive layer LS1 or LS 2.

The antenna structure ANT is connected to at least one of the electronic components EK via a first conductive structure GPCW 1. At least one electronic component EK is connected to the connection region AB by a second conductive structure GPCW 2.

The foil F is laid around the first substrate GS1 such that the antenna structure ANT is arranged on a first face of the first substrate GS1 and the switch-on area AB is arranged on a second face of the first substrate GS1 opposite to the first face. This means that, in terms of production technology, the antenna structure ANT and the access area AB are arranged substantially on one side of the foil F.

This means that by the invention it is provided to mount electronic components, such as filters or amplifiers, in close spatial proximity. In this case, the signal-to-noise ratio can be influenced positively early. Furthermore, the foil may be prefabricated together with the structure and the electronic components, so that a cost-effective integration is provided.

In one embodiment of the invention, the vehicle glazing 1 has a ground potential plane GP on the side opposite it in the region of the antenna structure ANT.

This means that the invention allows, for example, a so-called patch antenna as an antenna structure ANT, as shown for example in fig. 3.

In one embodiment, the ground potential plane GP is provided on the second conductive layer LS 2.

This means that the invention also allows the integration of a ground potential plane on the foil. This is exemplarily shown in fig. 3.

In an alternative or additional embodiment, the ground potential plane GP is provided as a conductive layer on the first substrate GS 1. This is exemplarily shown in fig. 1.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the antenna structure ANT has a dipole characteristic or a broadband characteristic. Such an exemplary antenna structure ANT is shown in fig. 5 based on first structured conductive layer LS1, while the bottom surface is shown in fig. 6 based on second structured conductive layer LS 1.

By means of the dipole properties, antennas can be realized particularly easily, such as dipole antennas or yagi antennas with an excellent preferred direction. For example, signals with a preferred direction, for example vertically or horizontally polarized signals, can thus be received particularly sensitively. On the other hand, when such an antenna structure with a preferred direction is suitably coupled by a delay line, the circular polarization can also be received particularly well. Such circularly polarized signals are often present in satellite assisted systems.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the height of first conductive layer LS1h_LS1Is 10 to 75 mu m. Also, a second conductive layer LS2 may be optionally provided. Height h of the second conductive layer LS2_LS2May be 10 to 75 μm. Preferably, the height of the first and second conductive layers is about 35 μm. On the first conductive layer and/or on the second conductive layer, an adhesion promoting layer may optionally be applied. The height of the adhesion promotion layers may be, for example, about 15 μm each.

In one embodiment of the invention, the foil F has at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyurethane, polymethylene methacrylic acid, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, FR6, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide.

According to another embodiment of the invention, at least one electronic component EK is arranged on the side of the antenna structure ANT.

This means that, with a suitable dimensional ratio, the electronic components can be arranged in the intermediate layer VF, for example, also in the case of a composite glass pane.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one electronic component EK is arranged (alternatively or additionally) on the side of the connection region ANT.

This means that, independently of the size ratio, the electronic component EK may be provided close to the antenna configuration ANT, but also close to the switch-on area AB.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the vehicle glass pane is a composite glass pane, wherein the vehicle glass pane 1 further has a second substrate GS2, wherein the foil F (with other layers) is introduced between the first substrate GS1 and the second substrate GS 2.

This means that the foil F can be introduced both on the outer side of the glass pane and between the substrate layers of the composite glass pane.

Like the first substrate GS1, the second substrate GS2 may be, for example, a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. Essentially all electrically insulating substrates are suitable as substrates, which are thermally and chemically stable under the conditions of manufacture and use of the vehicle glazing according to the invention.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, one or more through-holes (durchkongtaktierrng) VIA are arranged at least between the side conductor L1 and the opposite conductor ground potential plane GP in relation to the foil F, as shown in fig. 4. These through holes VIA may be arranged at a predetermined distance. Furthermore, the through-hole VIA can likewise also be provided on the basis of the second side conductor L2 and the opposite ground potential plane GP. The distance may depend on the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted. Furthermore, the wave resistance of the connection structures GCPW1, GCPW2 can be adapted by such VIAs VIA. By means of the VIAs VIA, an improved potential equality is furthermore achieved by the dimensions of the assembly, so that the high-frequency performance can be further improved.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the connection structure GCPW2 shown in fig. 1 has a connection region AB for the electromechanical high-frequency connection element S. The high-frequency connection element S may in particular have an SMA socket. The SMA socket may, for example, have an angular arrangement such that a small build height is provided in the switch-on region. Typically, the vehicle glazing is equipped with electromechanical high frequency connection elements S as mounting/replacement parts to achieve quick mounting and reliable contact.

This means that, unlike the prior art, the antenna and the one or more electronic components can now be brought closer to each other. This advantageously influences the signal-to-noise ratio early.

In particular, the possibility of using so-called grounded coplanar waveguides GPCW1, GPCW2 allows low interference and/or low loss transmission.

List of reference numerals

GS1, GS2 basal layer

LS1 and LS2 conductor layers

ANT antenna structure

GCPW1 connection structure

GCPW2 connection structure

ML middle conductor

L1, L2 side conductor

GP ground potential plane

F foil

h_FThickness of

h_LS1、h_LS2Height

VIA VIA

S-machine high-frequency connecting element

VF intermediate layer

KL adhesive

AB turn-on region

EK electronic components.

Claims

1. Vehicle glazing (1) having a first substrate (GS1), a foil (F) having at least one first electrically conductive layer (LS1) and at least one electronic component (EK), wherein the foil (F) has a foil thickness (h)_F) Is 100 [ mu ] m to 10 [ mu ] m, in particular 50 [ mu ] m or less, wherein the first electrically conductive layer (LS1) has a structure forming an antenna structure (ANT), a first conductive structure (GPCW1), a second conductive structure (GPCW2) and a connection region (AB), wherein an electronic Element (EK) is applied on the foil (F), wherein the antenna structure (ANT) is connected to the electronic Element (EK) via the first conductive structure (GPCW1), wherein the electronic Element (EK) is connected via the second conductive structure (GPCW1)The two conductive structures (GPCW2) are connected with the connection Area (AB), wherein the foil (F) is laid around the first substrate (GS1) such that the antenna structure (ANT) is arranged on a first face of the first substrate (GS1) and the connection Area (AB) is arranged on a second face of the first substrate (GS1) opposite to the first face.

2. Vehicle glazing (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the vehicle glazing (1) has a ground potential plane (GP) on a face opposite thereto in the region of the antenna structure (ANT).

3. Vehicle glazing (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that a ground potential plane (GP) is provided on the second electrically conductive layer (LS 2).

4. Vehicle glazing (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that the ground potential plane (GP) is provided as a conductive layer on the first substrate (GS 1).

5. Vehicle glazing (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that the antenna structure (ANT) has a dipole or broadband characteristic.

6. Vehicle glazing (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the antenna structure (ANT) is a Vivaldi antenna.

7. Vehicle glazing (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the height (h) of the first electrically conductive layer (LS1)_LS1、h_LS2) Is 10 to 75 mu m.

8. Vehicle glazing (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the foil (F) is of polyimide.

9. Vehicle glazing (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electronic component (EK) is arranged on the side of the antenna structure (ANT).

10. Vehicle glazing (1) according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the electronic components (EK) are arranged on the side of the access Area (AB).

11. Vehicle glazing (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the antenna structure is configured for receiving high frequency signals.

12. Use of a vehicle glazing (1) according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 10 for receiving signals for satellite assisted navigation, in particular GNSS signals of the navigation satellites GPS, galileo, glonass, beidou, Navic, QZSS.