JP2009512792A - 複合革材料 - Google Patents
複合革材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2009512792A JP2009512792A JP2008536801A JP2008536801A JP2009512792A JP 2009512792 A JP2009512792 A JP 2009512792A JP 2008536801 A JP2008536801 A JP 2008536801A JP 2008536801 A JP2008536801 A JP 2008536801A JP 2009512792 A JP2009512792 A JP 2009512792A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- leather
- fibers
- latex
- composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical group N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009500 colour coating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 abstract description 41
- -1 softeners Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001824 Barex® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013051 drainage agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009816 wet lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBWBSSIUKXEALB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoethanol;2-hydroxypropanamide Chemical compound NCCO.CC(O)C(N)=O OBWBSSIUKXEALB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000270722 Crocodylidae Species 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000103 Expandable microsphere Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000270322 Lepidosauria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000289619 Macropodidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000289581 Macropus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Patent blue Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C(=CC(=CC=1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010039918 Polylysine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000283080 Proboscidea <mammal> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000271567 Struthioniformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006266 Vinyl film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHFCLYNGVLPKPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetamide;2-aminoethanol Chemical compound CC(N)=O.NCCO DHFCLYNGVLPKPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000980 acid dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEMWIYASLJTEHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;sodium;disulfate;dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZEMWIYASLJTEHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045713 antineoplastic alkylating drug ethylene imines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012237 artificial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000981 basic dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical group C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001855 mannitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013008 moisture curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C=C YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006173 natural rubber latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000656 polylysine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001739 rebound effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045136 urea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B7/00—Special leathers and their manufacture
- C14B7/06—Leather webs built up of interengaged strips or pieces, e.g. by braiding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/12—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising natural rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/045—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with vegetable or animal fibrous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L89/04—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
- C08L89/06—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin, e.g. gelatin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D101/00—Coating compositions based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
- C09D101/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D189/00—Coating compositions based on proteins; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
- C09D189/04—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
- C09D189/06—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D197/00—Coating compositions based on lignin-containing materials
- C09D197/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B7/00—Special leathers and their manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/08—Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/538—Roughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2509/00—Household appliances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2601/00—Upholstery
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2321/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
- C08J2321/02—Latex
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/18—Spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/18—Spheres
- C08L2205/20—Hollow spheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/647—Including a foamed layer or component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/696—Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous compositions, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/699—Including particulate material other than strand or fiber material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】 なし
Description
特許文献1には、革および重合体の結合剤を含む複合材料を提供する試みが開示されている。
得られた人工革素地および得られた複合材料は、特有の材料である。当該材料の特異性の例としては、限定されないが、従来の革よりも軽量の材料であること、生産効率性 (無駄を減らしながら既存の設備を使用する)および様々な最終用途の設計に応じる柔軟性が挙げられる。特定の実施形態において、当該人工革素地および得られた複合材料は、有利な音響特性、改善された柔軟性、通気性および適合性を提供し得る。
人工革素地は、革、革以外の繊維および結合剤を含む。さらに、当該素地は一または複数のさらなる構成要素を含む。これら構成要素の例は、以下に詳細に記載されている。
革は、事実上あらゆる革の供給源(処女材料、産業廃棄物および消費財廃棄物を含む)に由来し得る。消費財廃棄物および産業廃棄物の例としては、限定されないが、靴、布、家具、オフィス器具、衣類、自動車用途、運動具、RV車、建設資材、航空機、タック等が挙げられる。革の供給源としてはまた、ブルー削りくず、タンニング削りくず, 裂けた皮の廃材、規格外の革 (規格外品および二級品)、バフ粉末、型取り(pattern trim)、結合剤廃材、打ち抜き廃材および裁縫廃材が挙げられ得る。
革以外にも、上記組成物はまた、さらなる繊維(「革以外の繊維」)を含む。合成革材料がこのような革以外の繊維を含まない場合、得られた材料は最適なものではない可能性がある。このような革以外の繊維を含める目的は、複合材料に通気性、多孔性、強度、結合特性、加工可能性、難燃性および/または改善された防音特性を付与する。結合剤と同様、このような繊維はシート状製品の湿式製法において欠かせないものである。
緩衝剤は柔軟性および弾力性などの特性を材料に与えることができ、この特性は天然の革の特性に酷似する。合成革材料が壁紙、靴または他の同様の用途に用いられるものである場合、緩衝剤は必要ではないかもしれない。
結合剤は製剤中の充てん剤、繊維および他の構成要素を結合し、強度および耐久性を付与するのに役立つ。結合剤は革の構成要素と革以外の繊維間の接着をもたらし、構造特性および/または他の特性(耐水性)を複合材料および得られた産物(複合材料を含む)に付与し得る。結合剤としては、アニオン性、カチオン性および非イオン性結合剤が挙げられ、これらは通常、乾燥重量に基づいて約3〜約50重量%, 例えば、約15〜約35重量%で含まれる。
加工助剤の種類および加工が必要であるか否かは、結合剤の性質によって決まる。カチオン性重合体が用いられる場合、アニオン性加工助剤を必要とする。アニオン性重合体が用いられる場合、カチオン性加工助剤を必要とする。カチオン性加工助剤の例としては、カチオン性ポリアクリルアミド、二価/三価カチオン、金属塩、エピクロルヒドリン-アミン付加物(Kymene(登録商標)など)、ミョウバン、ポリアミン、ポリエチレンイミン、ポリリシンおよび他のカチオン性重合体が挙げられる。加工助剤は通常、湿式法に必要とされるが、その量はごくわずかで良い。その量は通常、約0.01〜約5%の範囲であり得る。
上記の革、革以外の繊維、結合剤、充てん剤等以外にも、他の添加物を用いて最終用途の製品に特定の効果を付与することができる。以下の選択的な構成要素を別個に、または湿式処理に用いられる結合剤の一部として添加することができる。いくつかの構成要素は後処理、例えば、コーティング、含浸、浸透、エンボス加工、成形等の間に最終産物に含めても良い。
架橋剤を用いてさらなる強度および耐久性を付与することができる。一例としては、フェノール成分、メラミンホルムアルデヒド (MF)および尿素ホルムアルデヒド(UF)樹脂、エポキシ、イソシアネート、エチレンイミンおよび金属塩が挙げられる。
柔軟剤および/または軟化剤を含めて、柔軟性および肌触りを製品に付与することができる。柔軟剤は約0〜約30%の範囲で用いられ、その量は企図される用途に応じて決まる。一例としては、グリセリン、シリコン、カルボン酸エステルなどの可塑剤、例えば、クエン酸エステルおよびフタル酸エステル、レシチンおよび他のリン脂質、油乳剤、脂肪、油、脂肪酸ならびに脂肪酸誘導体、例えば、エポキシ化大豆油および脂肪リカーが挙げられる。様々な保湿剤も用いることができ、そのうちのいくつかは柔軟特性を有し得る。保湿剤の例としては、限定されないが、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、グリセリン、ヘキシレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ソルビトール、マンニトール、キシリトール、尿素、ヒアルロン酸、ラクトアミドモノエタノールアミン、アセトアミドモノエタノールアミンおよびそれらの組合せが挙げられる。
これらの添加物を添加することにより、ウエットエンド法により形成される繊維/充填物凝集物の凝集体サイズを制御することができる。これらの添加物は複合材料をシート状に形成するのに役立ち、また水中に大量の残留物を残すことなくシートを形成するのに要する時間を減らすことができる。一例としては、カチオン性高分子電解質、カチオン性ラテックス、金属塩および金属イオン(例えば、ミョウバン、塩化ナトリウム等)、エピクロロヒドリン−アミン付加物などの他のカチオン性材料(例えば、Hercules製のKymene(登録商標)製品)ならびにポリエチレンイミンが挙げられる。
これらの添加物は、素地の撥水性および吸水度に関する性質を改善することができる。典型的な一例としては、ワックス、シリコン、フッ素化された材料、炭化水素添加物、油および脂肪が挙げられる。
この添加物は素地の吸水能を改善し得る。この添加剤は革以外の繊維の全てまたは一部の親水性繊維に加えてまたは代えて用いることができる。このような添加物の例としては、親水性材料、例えばポリアルコール(例えば、ポリエチレングリコールおよびポリビニルアルコール)親水性シリコン、ポリエーテル、ポリカルボキシレート、優れた吸収性を有する重合体等が挙げられる。
この添加物は素地を着色する。この添加物には、有機色素および染料ならびに無機色素および染料が含まれ、一例としてはフタロシアニンブルー、酸化鉄、カーボンブラック、インジゴ等が挙げられる。
これらの添加物を添加することにより、製剤中にて充てん剤および色素の湿潤状態および十分な分散状態を維持することができ、ならびに吸水性などの他の機能的有用性を付与することができる。ウエットエンド加工において、これらの添加物はシートの形成を制御し得る。一例としては、カルボキシレート、エトキシレートおよびスルホネートベースの材料、例えば、Tamol(登録商標) L, Tamol(登録商標) 731A, Morcryl(登録商標)(これら全てRohmおよびHaas製)が挙げられる。
この添加物は、ウエットエンド法において金属イオンをキレートするために用いられる。またこの添加物は凝集体のサイズを制御するのに役立ち、それによって排水および保持能に影響を与え得る。一例としては、EDTAおよびEDTA誘導体が挙げられる。
撥油剤は油、脂肪およびグリースに対する撥水性を改善するのに役立つ添加物であり、例えば、Scotch Guard(登録商標)などのフッ素化された添加物が挙げられる。
凝固剤/凝集剤をまた繊維製品に添加し、粒子が凝集するのを容易にし得る。公的なカチオン性凝固剤としては、ミョウバンおよび/または他の重合体高電荷凝固剤、例えば、ポリカチオン性(カチオン性重合体)および鉱塩、二価および三価イオン(カルシウムおよびアルミニウム塩をそれぞれ含む)が挙げられる。
材料の調製に用いられる方法は湿式積層法である。一実施形態において、単層のフォードリニア機を使用して製品を製造する。当該方法は以下に詳細に記載される。
湿式積層法は、強度、均一性および特定の用途に重要な他のシート関連特性に寄与する構成要素の混合物を含む水性スラリーから繊維性のマットまたはシートを形成することを含む。混合物中の構成要素は加工(例えば、保持性または出来上がったシートの特定の性質(多孔性、柔軟性、撥水性など))を改善すべく選択される。通常バッチ式において、全ての構成要素を当該方法中の一工程にて一度に添加するか、逐次的に添加しても良いし、また繊維性シートの形成およびその特性に関して最も望ましい効果を有するように、当該方法中の適当な時点にて特定の構成要素を添加するのを控えたり、添加したりしても良い。
いくつかの用途において、人工革素地は一または複数のトップコート層によってコーティングされている。これらの層は材料の耐久性および/または着心地の良さを改善し、材料に紫外線防護および/または色彩を付与し得る。
強化層は縫合性、強度、伸縮性および肌触りを付与し得る。強化層は、素地を所望される最終用途に十分な程補強するいずれかの材料であり得る。一例としては、スクリム、織布、ニット、非織布、固形シート、フィルム、泡等が挙げられる。強化層は合成または有機繊維、ガラス繊維、プラスチック、スチール、アルミニウムまたはスズなどの金属および他の好適な材料から形成され得る。当該層は化学的アプリケーション法、ホットメルト法またはスパンレース法を用いて、例えば、風合いおよび強度を付与するために施すことができる。裏打ちはニードルパンチまたはシートフォームなどの緩衝材であり得る。強化層の厚さおよび密度は最終産物の性質に応じて変わる。
接着剤を用いて強化層に素地を保持する。いくつかの実施形態において、強化層はそれ自体が接着剤であり、例えば、ポリオレフィンスクリムであり、この場合接着剤は必要ではない。接着剤を必要とする場合、接着剤はシート、スクリム、粉末、液体、硬化性組成物等の形状であり得る。液状の形態で提供される場合、接着剤は様々な方法、例えば、ナイフコーティング、スプレーコーティング、ドクターブレードを用いる方法等を使用して用いることができる。接着剤としては硬化性のもの(例えば、ウレタン)、アクリレート、エポキシ、熱硬化性、熱可塑性プラスチック(例えば、エチレンビニルアセテート (EVA)、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)プラスチゾルおよびポリオレフィン(例えば、ポリプロピレンおよびポリエチレン))、ホットメルト、粘着剤ならびにゴム接着剤であり得る。接着剤は100% 固体(すなわち、組成物の全ての構成要素がUV硬化性であり、そのため揮発分放出がない)、水ベースまたは溶剤ベースのものであり得る。
いくつかの実施形態において、上記材料は収縮が最小限であり、例えば、従来の革の調製法、例えばタンニング法においては40〜50 %の収縮が見られるのに対し、約5%の収縮を示す。上記革以外の繊維は再生革の収縮を抑えると考えられ、これは新しい革を用いた際の結果を上回る改善点である。いくつかの実施形態において、当該材料を充填することによって、吸音特性を付与する。
典型的な実施例の一つにおいて、素地はおよその範囲で、革 (47%)、ナイロン (10%)、アクリルラテックス (15%)およびエポキシ化大豆油 (28%)を含んで形成される。この合成革材料は比較的良好なドレープ性(drapability)および伸張強度を有し、自動車用途に用いるのに好適である。
人工革素地を用いて衣服、ガーメントおよびアクセサリー、家具、革シート、自動車用途におけるダッシュボード等、靴、事務用品、運動具および運動設備ならびに娯楽産業などの製品を製造することができる。
典型的な製品としては限定されないが、自動車用のシート、自動車用のインテリア、家、事務および小売店用の家具、ならびにアクセサリー、宝飾品類、ベルトおよびサスペンダー、時計のベルト、上着、靴、衣服、帽子、手袋、工芸品および趣向品、サドルおよびタック、ペットアクセサリー(例えばリッシュ)、壁紙および床仕上げ材、メニューのカバー、本の表紙およびカバー、アウトドアの遊具およびアクセサリー、化粧品のキット、財布、ハンドバッグ、バックパック、旅行かばん、運動用のボール、運動用のヘッドギア、他の運動具、ダッフルバッグ、運動用アクセサリー、水バッグ、双眼鏡およびメガネのケース、ゲームのピースおよびアクセサリー、カメラ用バッグおよびケース、衣装およびノベルティーならびに電気通信および電子機器用アクセサリーが挙げられる。
本明細書においては典型的な実施形態が開示されており、特定の用語が用いられているが、これらの用語は一般的および記述的な意味で用いられているのであって、限定することを目的とするものではない。手段としては、様々な他の実施形態、態様、改良体および特許請求の範囲に開示されるものの等価物があり得、それらは本明細書中の記載を考慮すれば当業者であれば、本発明の精神および本発明の範囲から離れることなく連想されることは明らかであろう。特許請求の範囲は、本出願が全ての地域において優先出願としての全ての法的要件を満たすこと、ならびにラテックス組成物、本明細書中に開示されるラテックス組成物の使用方法および当該ラテックス組成物を組み込むまたは含む製品の全範囲を示すものとして解釈されるものではないことを保証する。
Claims (64)
- 以下:
革の繊維;
結合剤;
革以外の繊維;および
緩衝剤を含んでなる、複合材料。 - 革材料が産業廃棄物または消費財廃棄物を含む、請求項1記載の複合材料。
- 結合剤がラテックスである、請求項1記載の複合材料。
- ラテックスがアクリルラテックスである、請求項3記載の複合材料。
- 革以外の繊維がセルロースを含む、請求項1記載の複合材料。
- セルロース繊維が綿繊維である、請求項5記載の複合材料。
- 緩衝剤が高分子微小気泡を含む、請求項1記載の複合材料。
- 緩衝剤が泡粒子を含む、請求項1記載の複合材料。
- 以下:
革の繊維;
ラテックス結合剤;
革以外の繊維;および
緩衝剤を含んでなる、複合材料。 - 革材料が産業廃棄物または消費財廃棄物を含む、請求項9記載の複合材料。
- 結合剤がラテックスである、請求項9記載の複合材料。
- ラテックスがアクリルラテックスである、請求項11記載の複合材料。
- 革以外の繊維がセルロースを含む、請求項9記載の複合材料。
- セルロース繊維が綿繊維である、請求項13記載の複合材料。
- 緩衝剤が高分子微小気泡を含む、請求項9記載の複合材料。
- 緩衝剤が泡粒子を含む、請求項9記載の複合材料。
- 以下:
革の繊維;
ラテックス結合剤;
革以外の繊維;および
補強基材を含んでなる、複合材料。 - 革材料が産業廃棄物または消費財廃棄物を含む、請求項17記載の複合材料。
- 結合剤がラテックスである、請求項17記載の複合材料。
- ラテックスがアクリルラテックスである、請求項19記載の複合材料。
- 革以外の繊維がセルロースを含む、請求項17記載の複合材料。
- セルロース繊維が綿繊維である、請求項21記載の複合材料。
- 補強基材がスクリム、織布または不織布製品である、請求項19記載の複合材料。
- 補強材が泡層を含む、請求項19記載の複合材料。
- 以下:
革の繊維;
ラテックス結合剤;
革以外の繊維;および
トップコートおよび/または色塗層からなる、複合材料。 - 革材料が産業廃棄物または消費財廃棄物を含む、請求項25記載の複合材料。
- 結合剤がラテックスである、請求項25記載の複合材料。
- ラテックスがアクリルラテックスである、請求項27記載の複合材料。
- 革以外の繊維がセルロースを含む、請求項25記載の複合材料。
- セルロース繊維が綿繊維である、請求項29記載の複合材料。
- トップコート層が化学的にまたは機械的にエンボス加工されている、請求項29記載の複合材料。
- 以下:
革の繊維;
ラテックス結合剤;
革以外の繊維;および
無機充てん剤を含んでなる複合材料であって、該充てん剤が該複合材料に難燃性、防音性、低密度性、滑らかさの増大、水切り能の向上、耐摩耗性または剛性を付与する、上記複合材料。 - 革材料が産業廃棄物または消費財廃棄物を含む、請求項32記載の複合材料。
- 結合剤がラテックスである、請求項32記載の複合材料。
- ラテックスがアクリルラテックスである、請求項34記載の複合材料。
- 革以外の繊維がセルロースを含む、請求項32記載の複合材料。
- セルロース繊維が綿繊維である、請求項36記載の複合材料。
- 無機充てん剤が、一または複数のタルク、マイカ、クレイ、二酸化チタン、カーボンブラック、炭酸塩、色素、 セラミックミクロスフェアまたはジルコニアミクロスフェアを含む、請求項32記載の複合材料。
- 無機充てん剤が官能化されている充てん剤である、請求項32記載の複合材料。
- 無機充てん剤が第二世代の革複合材料を含む、請求項32記載の複合材料。
- 以下:
革の繊維;
ラテックス結合剤;および
革以外の繊維を含んでなる複合材料であって、機械的および/または化学的エンボス加工が施されている、上記複合材料。 - 革材料が産業廃棄物または消費財廃棄物を含む、請求項41記載の複合材料。
- 結合剤がラテックスである、請求項41記載の複合材料。
- ラテックスがアクリルラテックスである、請求項43記載の複合材料。
- 革以外の繊維がセルロースを含む、請求項41記載の複合材料。
- セルロース繊維が綿繊維である、請求項45記載の複合材料。
- さらに緩衝剤を含んでなる、請求項41記載の複合材料。
- 緩衝剤が高分子微小気泡または泡粒子を含む、請求項41記載の複合材料。
- 以下:
革の繊維;
ラテックス結合剤;および
革以外の繊維を含んでなる複合材料であって、該ラテックス結合剤は該複合材料に熱および/または紫外線防護を付与するように選択され、それによって該複合材料は日光およびおよそ華氏100度の温度に曝されても、三年間は大きな亀裂が入ることなく持ち堪えることができる、上記複合材料。 - 革材料が産業廃棄物または消費財廃棄物を含む、請求項49記載の複合材料。
- 結合剤がラテックスである、請求項49記載の複合材料。
- ラテックスがアクリルラテックスである、請求項51記載の複合材料。
- 革以外の繊維がセルロースを含む、請求項49記載の複合材料。
- セルロース繊維が綿繊維である、請求項53記載の複合材料。
- 緩衝剤をさらに含んでなる、請求項49記載の複合材料。
- 緩衝剤が高分子微小気泡または泡粒子を含む、請求項49記載の複合材料。
- 革の繊維、ラテックス結合剤および革以外の繊維を含んでなる複合材料を含んでなる製品。
- 革材料が産業廃棄物または消費財廃棄物を含む、請求項57記載の製品。
- 結合剤がラテックスである、請求項57記載の製品。
- ラテックスがアクリルラテックスである、請求項59記載の製品。
- 革以外の繊維がセルロースを含む、請求項57記載の製品。
- セルロース繊維が綿繊維である、請求項61記載の製品。
- 緩衝剤をさらに含んでなる、請求項57記載の製品。
- 緩衝剤が高分子微小気泡または泡粒子を含む、請求項63記載の製品。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US72854405P | 2005-10-20 | 2005-10-20 | |
PCT/US2006/040902 WO2007047848A2 (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2006-10-19 | Composite leather material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009512792A true JP2009512792A (ja) | 2009-03-26 |
Family
ID=37963283
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008536801A Pending JP2009512792A (ja) | 2005-10-20 | 2006-10-19 | 複合革材料 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070184742A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1948432A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2009512792A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20080058495A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101563467A (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0617689A2 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2008005226A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007047848A2 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009207748A (ja) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-17 | Toyota Boshoku Corp | 本革表皮材及び本革表皮材の成形方法 |
KR200462747Y1 (ko) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-09-28 | 삼덕상공(주) | 복합 강화 원단 |
KR102007677B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-08-06 | (주)위너스 | 고내구성 및 보온성 피혁의 제조 방법 |
CN114889296A (zh) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-12 | 东莞市科迪实业有限公司 | 一种抗折痕的环保合成革及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8782812B2 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2014-07-22 | Bha Altair, Llc | Waterproof breathable garment with tape-free seams |
KR100853546B1 (ko) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-08-21 | (주)남청 | 자동차 시트용 스플릿 가죽원단 및 그 제조방법 |
US8025751B2 (en) * | 2008-05-07 | 2011-09-27 | Dzs, Llc | Needlepunched nonwoven with centrally-located binder |
AT507040B1 (de) * | 2008-06-19 | 2013-11-15 | Lackinger Gerald Mag | Verbundkörper |
WO2010083598A1 (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-29 | Peter Barretto | Composite bonded leather material |
NL1037033C2 (nl) | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-15 | Ingenia Holding B V | Vormdeel alsmede toepassing van een dergelijk vormdeel. |
US20130065468A1 (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2013-03-14 | Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. | Ink/dye receptive films, papers, and fabrics |
ITVI20100181A1 (it) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-30 | Texim Srl | Cuoio rigenerato e metodo atto a realizzare tale cuoio rigenerato. |
US9428817B2 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2016-08-30 | Nike, Inc. | Footwear and other products incorporating cultured leather |
US20130192412A1 (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2013-08-01 | Yui Sekiya | Conductive leather and steering wheel |
US10035325B2 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2018-07-31 | Milliken & Company | Leather cushion back covering material for planar surfaces |
CN103158416A (zh) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-06-19 | 吴聪裕 | 皮/革制品的真空吸塑加工方法 |
CN103194546A (zh) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-07-10 | (株)辉权洋行 | 鳄鱼皮加工方法 |
EP2966218B1 (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2024-08-28 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Artificial leather substrate, grain-finished artificial leather, artificial leather substrate manufacturing method, and artificial leather substrate modifying agent |
EP2808462A1 (de) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-03 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Holzwerkstoffplatte mit Lederpartikeln oder bedruckter Schicht aus Lederpartikeln und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
KR101584171B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-01-11 | (주)아코플레닝 | 습식-건식 제조방식을 이용한 재생가죽 제조기술을 기초로 한 패션소재용 시트소재 제조방법 |
CN103535952A (zh) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-01-29 | 吴江市森豪纺织品有限公司 | 一种多功能防皱面料 |
KR102098178B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-28 | 2020-04-07 | 코오롱글로텍주식회사 | 자동차 시트 표면의 온도 저감용 인조가죽 적층체 |
US10400105B2 (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2019-09-03 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Extruded starch-lignin foams |
WO2017053433A1 (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-30 | Modern Meadow, Inc. | Fiber reinforced tissue composites |
KR101885339B1 (ko) | 2015-11-25 | 2018-09-11 | 송종호 | 천연 소재와 재활용 소재를 이용한 혼방 원단의 실리콘수지 코팅방법 |
WO2017142892A1 (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-24 | Modern Meadow, Inc. | Method for biofabricating composite material |
KR101752176B1 (ko) | 2016-03-10 | 2017-07-04 | (주)아코플레닝 | 가죽섬유를 이용한 재생 가죽시트의 제조 방법 |
WO2018009591A1 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-11 | Worthen Industries | Radiation curable primer adhesive |
CN106351076B (zh) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-12-04 | 福建永盛皮革制品有限公司 | 一种利用含铬皮屑制作模塑品的方法 |
EP3661734B1 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2024-07-03 | Tyre Tuft Pty Ltd | A plug |
AU2018253595A1 (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2019-05-30 | Modern Meadow, Inc. | Biofabricated leather articles having zonal properties |
KR101974951B1 (ko) * | 2018-03-15 | 2019-05-03 | 박영한 | 방수 및 오염방지용 복합체 |
KR101996175B1 (ko) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-07-03 | 주식회사 이앤알 | 안전화 갑피용 경량 발포 재생 피혁의 제조방법 |
GB2576377A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-19 | Joryl Logic Ltd | Sheet material |
FR3085302B1 (fr) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-09-11 | Faurecia Automotive Seating Llc | Stratifie |
US20210332527A1 (en) * | 2018-10-20 | 2021-10-28 | Nuvi Releaf Gmbh | Layer composite for use as imitation leather |
CN109594355B (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-11-12 | 安徽安利材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种高强度无溶剂聚氨酯再生皮及其制备方法 |
CA3121853A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-23 | Modern Meadow, Inc. | Layered collagen materials and methods of making the same |
KR102139536B1 (ko) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-07-29 | 주식회사 노비아레텍 | 경량화 발포 은면피혁의 제조 방법 |
US20210094207A1 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2021-04-01 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Interior trim panel for a vehicle and method of forming an interior trim panel for a vehicle |
DK180600B1 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-10-14 | Beyond Leather Mat Aps | Non-woven textile from upcycled fruit and vegetable waste |
PT117073B (pt) * | 2021-02-18 | 2025-04-02 | Jose Manuel Resende Sa | Composto de couro, polímeros termoplásticos e nanocompósitos constituídos de grafeno |
DE102021109087A1 (de) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-10-13 | Nuvi Releaf Gmbh | Neuartiger Schichtverbund zur Verwendung als Lederimitat |
IT202100009206A1 (it) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-10-13 | Chiorino Tech S P A | Tessuto non tessuto da scarti di pelle conciata e metodo per la sua produzione |
DE102021119799A1 (de) | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-02 | Nabore GmbH | Thermoplastisches Verbundmaterial |
DE102021119798A1 (de) | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-02 | Nabore GmbH | Verbundmaterial |
US20250010599A1 (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2025-01-09 | Rhenoflex Gmbh | Planar Structure of a Polymer Matrix and Textile Particles Embedded Therein |
CN118525117A (zh) * | 2022-01-07 | 2024-08-20 | 香港纺织及成衣研发中心有限公司 | 制备皮革复合材料及其产品 |
WO2024100595A1 (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-05-16 | Humgremet Lda | Process for the production of sound-absorbing and heat-insulating panels starting from recovered materials from the construction field, wool and waste from leather and hide processing |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4912265U (ja) * | 1972-05-09 | 1974-02-01 | ||
JPH0889675A (ja) * | 1994-09-22 | 1996-04-09 | New Oji Paper Co Ltd | 嵩高な再生皮革 |
JPH09309176A (ja) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-12-02 | Showa Denko Kk | 積層体およびその成形品 |
Family Cites Families (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3051612A (en) * | 1962-08-28 | Substitute leathers and the manufacture thereof | ||
US2598297A (en) * | 1950-12-23 | 1952-05-27 | E P Reed & Co | Insole with a laminated cushion forepart |
US3116200A (en) * | 1957-01-08 | 1963-12-31 | Swift & Co | Reconstituted leather product and method of making |
US3436303A (en) * | 1965-09-16 | 1969-04-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Water-laid leather substitute containing leather fibers,staple fibers and polyurethane aqueous slurry and method for making same |
AU3764668A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1969-11-20 | Collagen Corp | Fibrous sheet material and method of making same |
US3505169A (en) * | 1966-12-05 | 1970-04-07 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Reconstituted leather and method for producing it |
US3634184A (en) * | 1968-06-06 | 1972-01-11 | Tenneco Chem | Elastomeric film and products therefrom |
GB1287299A (en) * | 1968-11-18 | 1972-08-31 | Thermo Weave Inc | Method of producing non-woven products and non-woven products produced thereby |
US3730679A (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1973-05-01 | Brueckner Apparatebau Gmbh | Process for wet treatment and subsequent drying of a textile web |
US3708333A (en) * | 1970-10-08 | 1973-01-02 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Process for producing on impregnated waterlaid sheet and resultant product |
US3940532A (en) * | 1972-01-28 | 1976-02-24 | The Fiberwoven Corporation | Needled textile fabric with a thin polymeric coating thereon |
US3756909A (en) * | 1972-09-26 | 1973-09-04 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Waterlaid leather substitute sheet and method for preparing the sheet |
US4011130A (en) * | 1974-09-09 | 1977-03-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Leather-like waterlaid sheets containing particulate fillers |
IT1055914B (it) * | 1976-02-26 | 1982-01-11 | Montedison Spa | Materiali simili a cuoio e procedimento per la loro preparazione |
US4086319A (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1978-04-25 | Jones Bradford H | Recovery of chromium from tannery waste |
US4857148A (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1989-08-15 | Hoechst Fibers Industries | Staple fiber, finish therefor and process for use of same |
US4294883A (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1981-10-13 | Hoechst Fibers Industries, Div. Of American Hoechst Corporation | Staple fiber, finish therefor and process for use of same |
US4100154A (en) * | 1977-04-22 | 1978-07-11 | A. L. Gebhardt Company | Process for recovery and separation of nutritious protein hydrolysate and chromium from chrome leather scrap |
FR2451962A1 (fr) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-10-17 | Ato Chimie | Materiau composite a base de fibres de cuir et procede pour sa fabrication |
US4325236A (en) * | 1980-02-11 | 1982-04-20 | Tsui Yu Ming | Process for manufacturing regenerated leather |
US4288498A (en) * | 1980-05-06 | 1981-09-08 | Collagen Corporation | Method of making leather fiber insulation by drying-case hardening and product thereof |
US4380474A (en) * | 1980-12-01 | 1983-04-19 | Seton Company | Polyisocyanate reaction products |
DE3128873A1 (de) * | 1981-07-22 | 1983-02-10 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von bindefasern aus polymersatdispersionen |
US4464428A (en) * | 1981-12-09 | 1984-08-07 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Closed cell foamed material having interior canals filled with substances |
IL74480A (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1988-12-30 | Wyler Adolf | Thermoplastic leather material and its preparation |
US4834762A (en) * | 1986-08-07 | 1989-05-30 | Ein (America) Inc. | Animal protein resin-plastic compositions and manufactures incorporating animal skins and/or leather and/or gelatin powder therein, the powder therein, and method of producing the same |
US4810329A (en) * | 1987-09-08 | 1989-03-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composite flooring felt for vinyl flooring containing latexes and an activator |
US5616384A (en) * | 1990-03-05 | 1997-04-01 | International Paper Company | Recyclable polymeric label paper |
US5731418A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1998-03-24 | Jain; Manoj J. | Collagen-based sorbent polymer and method of preparing same |
US5369861A (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1994-12-06 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Process for recycling denim waste |
US5471720A (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1995-12-05 | Burlington Industries, Inc. | Use of at least forty percent recycled denim waste |
GB9410460D0 (en) * | 1994-05-25 | 1994-07-13 | Arco Chem Tech | Manufacture of low density products containing recycled foam |
AU7480896A (en) * | 1995-12-04 | 1997-06-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Abrasive article back up pad with foam layer |
US5958554A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1999-09-28 | Mat, Inc. | Reconstituted leather product and process |
US6264879B1 (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 2001-07-24 | Mat, Inc. | Reconstituted leather product and process |
JPH11172581A (ja) * | 1997-10-01 | 1999-06-29 | Oji Paper Co Ltd | 抗菌性再生皮革紙 |
EP1193338B1 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2008-04-09 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Denim-like article of clothing and method of producing the same |
DE10063985A1 (de) * | 2000-11-07 | 2002-05-29 | Freudenberg Carl Kg | Textiles Flächengebilde |
US6378179B1 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-04-30 | Gary F. Hirsch | System and method for reconstituting fibers from recyclable waste material |
US20030175497A1 (en) * | 2002-02-04 | 2003-09-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flame retardant foams, articles including same and methods for the manufacture thereof |
US20050202268A1 (en) * | 2002-06-01 | 2005-09-15 | Hp-Chemie Pelzer Research And Developement Ltd | Three-dimensional shaped bodies having a leather-like surface |
-
2006
- 2006-10-19 CN CNA2006800442566A patent/CN101563467A/zh active Pending
- 2006-10-19 JP JP2008536801A patent/JP2009512792A/ja active Pending
- 2006-10-19 KR KR1020087011819A patent/KR20080058495A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2006-10-19 WO PCT/US2006/040902 patent/WO2007047848A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-10-19 BR BRPI0617689-5A patent/BRPI0617689A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-10-19 EP EP06836398A patent/EP1948432A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-10-19 MX MX2008005226A patent/MX2008005226A/es unknown
- 2006-10-19 US US11/583,677 patent/US20070184742A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4912265U (ja) * | 1972-05-09 | 1974-02-01 | ||
JPH0889675A (ja) * | 1994-09-22 | 1996-04-09 | New Oji Paper Co Ltd | 嵩高な再生皮革 |
JPH09309176A (ja) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-12-02 | Showa Denko Kk | 積層体およびその成形品 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009207748A (ja) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-17 | Toyota Boshoku Corp | 本革表皮材及び本革表皮材の成形方法 |
KR200462747Y1 (ko) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-09-28 | 삼덕상공(주) | 복합 강화 원단 |
KR102007677B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-08-06 | (주)위너스 | 고내구성 및 보온성 피혁의 제조 방법 |
CN114889296A (zh) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-12 | 东莞市科迪实业有限公司 | 一种抗折痕的环保合成革及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1948432A4 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
BRPI0617689A2 (pt) | 2011-08-02 |
US20070184742A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
KR20080058495A (ko) | 2008-06-25 |
CN101563467A (zh) | 2009-10-21 |
WO2007047848A3 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
WO2007047848A2 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
MX2008005226A (es) | 2008-10-17 |
EP1948432A2 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP2009512792A (ja) | 複合革材料 | |
CN1289747C (zh) | 仿麂皮人造革及其制造方法 | |
TW410243B (en) | Leather-like sheet | |
US11566101B2 (en) | Curative | |
US8021503B2 (en) | Method for making flexible automobile interior material and sheet for the construction and its product made therefrom | |
CN113748014B (zh) | 合成树脂表皮材料及其制造方法 | |
US20130089718A1 (en) | Cut-to-size format | |
KR101755837B1 (ko) | 통풍 시트용 인조가죽 원단 및 이의 제조방법 | |
JP6163422B2 (ja) | 皮革様シート及びその製造方法 | |
JP6210713B2 (ja) | プリント不織布 | |
US20050202268A1 (en) | Three-dimensional shaped bodies having a leather-like surface | |
JP2018058448A (ja) | 内装用表皮材 | |
JP2016191160A (ja) | 表皮材用布帛 | |
JPH03167359A (ja) | 車輛用表皮材及びその製造法 | |
JPWO2018221301A1 (ja) | 銀付調人工皮革及び銀付調人工皮革の製造方法 | |
Sakthivel et al. | Development of Technical Textiles for Automotive Applications Using Reclaimed Fibers. | |
US11760836B2 (en) | Curative | |
JP7028412B2 (ja) | 樹脂層付人工皮革及び靴 | |
JP7220036B2 (ja) | 表皮材 | |
JP7430052B2 (ja) | 不織布及び自動車内装用表皮材 | |
KR20190027339A (ko) | 표피재 | |
WO2018203494A1 (ja) | 人工皮革基材及び銀付調人工皮革 | |
JP2003127317A (ja) | 壁装材およびその製造方法 | |
TWI886461B (zh) | 固化劑 | |
CN117136100A (zh) | 固化剂 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20090609 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20090609 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090717 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20090831 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20111115 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20111122 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20120717 |