JP2009507153A - Construction system for building walls - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a construction system for constructing a vertical wall (1) using a construction wooden block (2).
A block (2) has a substantially parallelepiped shape, and a first groove (5a, 5b) extending over the entire length of these surfaces is provided on an upper surface and a lower surface. A chamfered portion (12) is provided on the pressing edge between the upper surface and the outer surface of the block. The pushing edge partially overlaps the first groove over the entire length. The system further includes a first block alignment tongue (6a) designed to be positioned horizontally between the first grooves of adjacent blocks of the wall. The first tongue has a double panel incision. The first panel of the incision is engaged with the first groove, and the second panel of the incision is pressed against the chamfered portion of the block. The surface facing the second panel forms an oblique slope for draining water.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped construction wooden block arranged side by side in a substantially horizontal direction and superposed on each other in a substantially vertical direction, and an upper surface; The present invention relates to a construction system for constructing a vertical wall including a block including a lower surface, an inner surface, an outer surface, and two abutting surfaces of the wall. The upper and lower surfaces of each block are provided with first grooves extending at least over the entire length of these surfaces. The system further includes at least a first block alignment tongue adapted to be disposed horizontally between the first grooves of adjacent blocks of the wall.

  The present invention relates to any type of wall including at least one part formed from wood. The present invention can be applied to walls of dwelling units such as outer walls, support walls, and partitions. The present invention can also be used for swimming pools, saunas, sound insulation walls, windbreak walls, and the like.

A wood structure in which a wall is formed by stacking logs or wood beams having the same size as each other is well known in the art.
This type of structure is relatively expensive in terms of both raw material costs and labor costs. This is because it is necessary to use long logs (ie, logs with wall length). Furthermore, transporting and combining very long logs to the workplace is difficult and expensive to implement.

  In addition, these structures have significant sealing problems. This is because the material to be processed is wood and it is difficult to obtain a completely straight log. Furthermore, with the passage of time, gaps are formed between the logs, so that among the characteristics of the building, among others, the thermal characteristics, the acoustic characteristics, and the moisture sealability are significantly reduced.

  In addition, wood structures manufactured using wooden bricks are well known in the art. Wooden bricks are easy to handle and are generally easy to assemble. The cost of wooden bricks is low compared to logs. This is because for the same amount of timber, less timber is needed to make the brick.

  US Pat. No. 5,890,332 discloses a modular construction system that uses reconstituted wooden blocks. According to said patent, a metal rod is fixed vertically to a slab, preferably a concrete slab. A wooden brick with a hole in the center is passed through these rods and stacked on top of each other. The rod serves as an anchor bolt and allows the bricks that are stacked on each other to be clamped together over the height of the wall. Such wooden brick stacks are arranged along the wall. Adjacent bricks can be matched in pairs by a vertical alignment key and a horizontal alignment key arranged in a groove provided on the surface of the brick. In addition, the bricks are joined together.

  Such a construction system cannot assemble various modules easily, quickly and effectively. This is because this construction system requires many "small" parts, i.e., alignment keys, to be manufactured and used. This is because it takes time and labor costs to manufacture and assemble the parts. Furthermore, with this construction system, a flat wall cannot be obtained. Using alignment keys as described in this prior art can only align adjacent bricks in pairs and not align bricks across the wall. Furthermore, these keys do not hold the bricks in place relative to each other. This is because the bricks need to be joined together. This forms an additional step in building the wall. This process makes the construction system less environmentally friendly because it uses an adhesive.

  Furthermore, it should be noted that the brick is deformed at the center by the action of the pressure of the anchor bolts holding the bricks of a given stack together. This distorts the wall, so that the wall does not have a linear support surface. Because anchor bolts are used for each stack of bricks, it is difficult to later change the walls (form openings such as windows and doors).

    Finally, this system does not solve the problem of structural sealing. This is because the more the brick is deformed by the action of the anchor bolt pressure, the lower the seal of these walls.

Australian Patent No. AU 2,841,577 describes a construction system for constructing walls using wooden bricks. The brick has longitudinal grooves on two longitudinal sides. These bricks are joined together using a tongue of a predetermined length equal to the length of the wall to be constructed. These tongues are arranged horizontally between the grooves of the block. This system does not solve the problem of how to seal the structure, although the brick cannot be quickly assembled to form the wall.
US Pat. No. 5,890,332 Australian Patent No. AU 2,841,577

One object of the present invention is to provide a construction system for forming partially timbered walls that alleviates the problems of the prior art described above.
One particular object of the present invention is to provide a construction system for forming a stable wall that is sealed and easily and quickly constructed at low cost.

  In this regard, the construction system according to the present invention includes a chamfered portion in which the edge between the upper surface and the outer surface of the block overlaps the first groove portion and the entire length thereof, and the first tongue has two portions extending over the entire length. Including a notch with two faces, the first face of the notch being aligned with and fitting to the first groove, the second face of the notch being designed to abut the chamfer, The opposite surface is characterized in that it forms an oblique slope for flushing away water towards the outside of the wall.

  Such a system can form walls with particularly good seals. The first tongue provides a seal between adjacent blocks in the vertical direction of the wall. This is because rainwater that flows a little along the bricks of the walls or enters between the blocks flows down along the flow-off surface formed by the slanted slope of the first batten. It is. Thus, water is removed from the wall. Furthermore, moisture-containing air contacts the walls between the blocks and condenses in droplet form. These droplets fall on the water surface of the small timber and are removed from the wall.

  With such a system, the walls can be stood very easily and very quickly and at low cost. This is because the first tongue is easily inserted into the first groove because the notch and the chamfered portion are provided.

  The first small square member performs two functions, that is, a function of aligning and holding adjacent blocks to each other and a function of a sealing part. The number of parts that are manufactured and assembled is reduced, which also reduces manufacturing, assembly, and labor costs.

  Advantageously, the first tongue is preferably formed as a single piece. Advantageously, the contour of the chamfer is constant. It may be flat or circular. The surface of the notch may be flat or circular. Advantageously, a notch with two faces forms a tongue and groove.

  Advantageously, the length of the first tongue is at least twice the length of the first groove of the block. This is because the first grooves on the upper surfaces of all the blocks arranged side by side in the wall form long and continuous grooves. Due to the length of the first tongue arranged in this long groove, these lower blocks can be aligned and held together over the entire wall surface.

Furthermore, a first groove is provided on the lower surface in the length direction of the upper block placed on the lower block. This first groove makes it easy to assemble the upper block on the lower block.
Thus, the tongue can not only align and hold the upper blocks with each other over their entire length, but also align and hold the upper blocks with respect to the lower block.

Thus, a very straight and stable wall can be constructed easily, quickly and at low cost.
Advantageously, the first grooves of any one block are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other. Preferably, the first groove is at substantially the same position for all blocks.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system that enables wall structures that provide acoustic, thermal, and water-resistant seals.
For this purpose, the construction system according to the invention is such that the relative dimensions of the first tongue with respect to the dimensions of the first groove are such that the tongue is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the grooves of adjacent blocks. It is calculated that it is characterized.

  Thus, the first tongue slightly compressed over its entire length between the first grooves forms a seal between adjacent blocks in the vertical direction. This seal forms an effective barrier that blocks the passage of both moisture and air.

  Thus, such a system can quickly and easily produce a particularly impermeable, straight and stable wall at low cost. This is because a single part, i.e. the first tongue, serves as a seal between adjacent blocks in the vertical direction, while at the same time serving as a part for aligning and holding adjacent blocks together and water from between adjacent blocks. This is because it is useful as a part for removing water.

Furthermore, such a system provides an environmentally friendly structure. This is because only renewable materials that do not cause contamination are used.
Another object of the present invention is to minimize the tensile stress acting on the surface of the block and to facilitate the assembly of the wooden block. These wooden blocks "work" and lose their original shape.

  For this purpose, a construction system according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with second grooves extending over the entire length of these surfaces on the upper and lower surfaces of the block, and between the second grooves of adjacent blocks. Including at least one second block matching tongue designed to be arranged.

  In the case of wooden blocks, in particular hardwood blocks, the two grooves provided on each of the two sides help to reduce the tensile stress acting on the block. By increasing the number of grooves, the size of cracks appearing in the block (especially the size and number of these cracks) is reduced.

  Furthermore, the density of the wood in the blocks is not uniform, especially when these blocks are formed of solid wood. Wood is deformed by an action called “core drawing”. As a result, the surfaces of these blocks swell or dent. It is difficult to assemble a block that does not have a flat contact surface. By providing the second tongue between the second grooves of the blocks, it becomes easy to stabilize adjacent blocks on the surface provided with the second grooves at the time of assembly. In particular, this eliminates “rolling” or “pitching” of the blocks with respect to each other.

  Advantageously, the length of the second tongue is at least twice the length of the second groove of the block. Thus, it is easier to align and assemble multiple blocks over a very large portion of the wall surface.

Advantageously, the relative dimensions of the second tongue with respect to the dimensions of the second groove are calculated such that the tongue is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the grooves of adjacent blocks.
Advantageously, the second grooves of a given block are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other. Preferably, the second groove is at substantially the same position for all blocks.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the first and / or second groove has a triangular cross section. A groove having such a cross section has an advantage that there is no gap between the tongue and the groove, unlike a groove having a rectangular cross section. This is because such a groove has only two surfaces in contact with the tongue.

According to another embodiment, the first and / or second grooves have a semicircular or circular arc cross section.
Advantageously, the sections of the first tongue and the second tongue adapted to be received in the first groove are circular, square or rhombus.

  Advantageously, the tongue is formed of wood (hardwood or fiber component). Wooden tongues are easy to manufacture and inexpensive, are completely environmentally friendly and can be handled easily. Furthermore, wood is a relatively rigid material that can be slightly compressed. In another embodiment, the tongue is made of plastic.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction system that allows service ducts and / or pipes to pass through walls that remain completely sealed.
For this purpose, the first and second tongues are service ducts or pipes. Installation of the duct or pipe is performed during the assembly of the block, and no additional installation is required.

  Advantageously, the ducts or pipes themselves arranged between the grooves in the block form a seal. The relative dimensions of the duct or pipe with respect to the dimensions of the groove are calculated in particular such that the duct or pipe is slightly compressed within the cavity formed between the grooves of adjacent blocks.

Advantageously, the blocks have holes extending between the two second grooves of these blocks. Thus, vertical ducts or pipes can be easily connected in the vertical direction.
According to another particular embodiment, certain blocks are provided with holes that extend from one of the second grooves of these blocks and open to the inner surface (or outer surface) of these blocks. This hole allows the duct or pipe to exit the wall.

  These holes may be formed before assembly (at the block manufacturing site) or at the time of assembly, as required for construction. Thus, a custom made, concealed duct or pipe network with very precise access and connection points can be manufactured very easily and quickly.

Advantageously, the construction system includes at least one sheath or brace adapted to pass through these holes so as to effectively seal the connecting portion and outlet of the duct or pipe.
In one particular embodiment of the invention, the blocks have at least one third groove in each of the abutment surfaces of these blocks, and the system is disposed between the third grooves of the abutment surfaces. Including at least one third tongue designed as such.

  Preferably, the relative dimension of the third tongue relative to the dimension of the third groove is calculated such that the tongue is slightly compressed within the cavity formed between the grooves of adjacent blocks. In this way, the wall is sealed at the side of the adjacent block.

  Preferably, the blocks are arranged in a staggered manner. This keeps the blocks well with respect to each other. Advantageously, the length of the third tongue is the same as or shorter than the length of the third groove. Advantageously, the third tongue is formed of hardwood or fiber components.

Advantageously, the lateral third groove does not intersect the longitudinal first and / or second groove. Therefore, the tongue used in the horizontal direction and the tongue used in the horizontal direction do not interfere with each other.
In one specific embodiment of the invention, the abutment surface of the block has at least one fourth groove extending substantially vertically over the entire height of the abutment surface, and one of the fourth grooves The end is open to the chamfer.

  These fourth grooves form a gutter between adjacent blocks in the horizontal direction. These gutters allow air to circulate and thus provide ventilation between adjacent blocks in the horizontal direction. When the moisture-containing air enters between the contact surfaces of the block, it is guided to the ventilation groove. As moisture in the air condenses as droplets, the droplets fall onto the sloped surface of the first tongue just below and are removed from the wall.

  Similarly, when moisture-containing air enters between the chamfered portion and the two-faced notch of the first small square member and condenses as droplets, these droplets move along the chamfered portion or in the fourth groove. Fall into. Moisture is easily removed from the walls.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the abutment surface of the block has at least one fifth groove extending substantially vertically over the entire height of the abutment surface, and one end of the fifth groove. A portion open to the chamfer on the top surface between the end of the fourth groove and the first groove, and the system includes a set of seals designed to be inserted into the fifth groove.

  The seal provides a complete seal between the abutment surfaces of the wall block. Depending on the position of the ends of the fifth groove, the condensate is removed at these ends along the chamfer, the fourth groove of the block, and the drainage surface of the tongue located just below the block.

Preferably, the positions of the fourth groove and the fifth groove are substantially the same for each block.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction system in which blocks can be easily attached to each other.

  For this purpose, at least one block has at least one first drill hole extending between the upper and lower surfaces in a direction substantially perpendicular to these surfaces. The system includes at least one anchor bolt adapted to slide through the first drill hole.

The block further includes at least one second drill hole extending from the top surface substantially parallel to the first drill hole.
The anchor bolt can then be slid through the first drill hole in the first block and screwed into the second drill hole in the second block located below the first block.

  The system makes it possible to easily fix two vertically adjacent blocks and thus easily and securely fix the various components of the wall. Furthermore, the wall can be changed later by such a method of assembling the blocks in pairs. This is because the opening can be easily formed in the wall thus manufactured. At this time, the remaining part of the wall is kept in alignment as a whole.

  In addition, the anchor bolt applies a predetermined pressure between adjacent blocks in the vertical direction of the wall. Thus, the anchor bolt always makes contact between the tongue and the groove over the entire length of the tongue. In this way, the wall is completely sealed.

  Furthermore, the construction system allows for almost complete inspection and adjustment of wall block alignment. By tightening the anchor bolt that joins the first block to the second block large or small, the alignment and horizontal position of the second block can be completely controlled. The linearity of the second block may be inspected using a laser. This technique allows the construction of perfectly straight walls that can be individually inspected for block positions.

  This construction system makes it possible to construct walls that must be absolutely completely sealed (for example, walls for constructing swimming pools, saunas, etc.). For this purpose, additional seals may be placed between adjacent surfaces of the block and / or between the second face of the notch and the edge of the block's chamfer. In a preferred embodiment, these seals are formed of a hydrophobic rubber, such as closed cell rubber. Rubber is an environmentally friendly material.

  The construction system can form support walls for building components. For this purpose, certain blocks are made narrower than other blocks. As a result, these blocks arranged side by side on the wall form a recess in the wall for supporting building components. This recess in the wall forms a support surface for receiving building components such as joists to support the floor, rafters, purlins, or purlin beams to support the roof. Thus, dwelling units can be constructed easily and inexpensively by reducing the number of parts or components that are manufactured and assembled.

Advantageously, the block is formed of hardwood, and the system according to the present invention allows the formation of a wall for a dwelling that serves as both an inner wall and an outer wall.
Hardwood has a well-known thermal insulation selected for forming the outer wall. The cost of forming such a dwelling unit is small. This is because such a wall for the interior wall of a dwelling unit does not need to be covered for both thermal insulation and aesthetics. Furthermore, walls with some pattern can be formed by selecting bricks formed from different colored wood. In another example, the block may be formed from a fiber component (eg, cured laminate or shielded MDF or laminated wood, etc.).

Another object of the invention includes parts formed using the construction system according to the invention.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a building block for use in a construction system according to the present invention.

These and other features of the present invention will become apparent upon reading the detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The accompanying drawings are not to scale. In the accompanying drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a wall under construction formed using a construction system according to the present invention.
The wall 1 includes a rectangular parallelepiped construction wooden block 2. These blocks are arranged side by side and stacked on top of each other in a staggered manner. These blocks are preferably made of hardwood. However, these blocks may be formed of fiber components. On the upper surface in the horizontal length direction of the block 2, there are provided two grooves 5a and 5b parallel to the longer side of the surface. These grooves extend along the entire length of this surface. Similarly, two grooves 5c and 5d parallel to the longer side portion of this surface are provided on the lower surface of the block 2 in the horizontal length direction. These grooves extend along the entire length of this surface. Preferably, the two grooves 5a and 5b on the upper surface are arranged symmetrically with the two grooves 5c and 5d on the lower surface.

  A chamfered portion 12 is provided at the edge near the intersection between the upper surface and the outer surface of the block 2. The contour of the chamfer 12 is constant and flat. The contour may be rounded or may have a predetermined shape. The chamfered portion 12 overlaps the portion of the first groove 5b over its length.

  The first tongue 6 a having a trapezoidal cross section includes a tongue and groove groove 60. The first tongue 6 a includes a first portion 61 having a substantially square cross section, and a second portion 62 having a substantially trapezoidal cross section connected to the first portion 61. The tongue and groove groove 60 has a first surface 62c that rests on the first groove 5a. The tongue and groove groove 60 has a second surface 62a that rests on the chamfered portion 12 of the block 2 on the lower side. This surface forms a surface complementary to the contour of the chamfer 12. Since the second surface 62a of the tongue 6a is complementary to the contour of the chamfered portion 12, the gap and spacing between these two surfaces is minimal. A seal (not shown) may be placed between these two surfaces. The surface 62b opposite to the second surface 62a forms a water flow-off surface 62b for allowing water to flow away.

  The first portion 61 of the first tongue 6 a is disposed between the grooves 5 a and 5 b of the block 2 over the entire length of the wall 1. Due to the first part 61 of the tongue 6a, the blocks 2 of a given stage arranged side by side in the horizontal direction can be held and aligned in place over the entire length of the wall 1. Furthermore, the two-stage blocks 2 arranged so as to overlap each other can be held in place and aligned.

  When the first portion 61 of the first tongue 6 a is disposed between the grooves 5 a and 5 c of the adjacent block 2, the water discharge surface 62 b of the first tongue 6 a stops on the outer vertical surface of the block 2. The water leaving surface 62b may further extend just slightly beyond the outer vertical surface of the block 2. The water leaving surface 62b can remove water from the wall 1 and thus prevent moisture from entering the wall 1.

  A second tongue 6b is arranged between the grooves 5b and 5d of the block over the entire length of the wall 1. This tongue 6b enhances the retention and alignment of the blocks 2 provided by the first tongue 6a with respect to each other.

The tongues 6a and 6b having the same length as the wall 1 are used. The first and second tongues 6a, 6b are advantageously chamfered at the edges.
It is well known to those skilled in the art that a hardwood part is difficult to maintain its original shape. The density of the wood in the blocks, especially blocks made of hardwood, is not uniform, and the wood deforms in various ways, including what is called “core drawing”. This phenomenon occurs when the blocks 2 are formed of hardwood, and the surfaces of these blocks swell or dent. By providing two grooves (5a, 5b) and (5c, 5d) for each contact surface between the blocks 2, the blocks placed on top of each other are more effectively stabilized. In this way, “pitching” or “rolling” for the lower block 2 on the upper block 2 is eliminated.

  Furthermore, the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d serve as a means for reducing the internal tensile stress of the wooden block 2. Increasing the number of grooves reduces the size (number and size, etc.) of cracks that appear in the wood.

  The block 2 forming the first stage of the wall 1 is fixed to the foundation in a conventional manner (not described here). The foundation includes a first foundation (not shown) made of concrete, on which a concrete enclosure (not shown) is placed. The first stage block 2 is attached to the enclosure.

  Each contact surface of the block 2 is provided with a vertical groove 7 extending between the upper surface and the lower surface in the length direction. A tongue 8 is arranged in the groove 7 between the blocks 2 adjacent in the horizontal direction. The tongue 8 allows the horizontally adjacent paired blocks 2 to be held in place and aligned.

  The groove 7 preferably has a circular arc-shaped cross section. This circular arc is equal to or shorter than the semicircle. The tongue 8 having a circular cross section is held over the entire height of the blocks 2 at a predetermined position between the grooves 7 of the two blocks 2 adjacent in the horizontal direction. The tongue 8 is slightly compressed in the space formed by the groove 7 to ensure contact between the tongue 8 and each surface of the groove 7. Thus, the wall is sealed at the abutment surface of the block 2.

  Each contact surface of the block 2 is further provided with two vertical grooves 71 and 72 opened to the chamfered portion 12. The vertical groove 71 close to the outer surface of the block forms a ventilation gutter between the contact surfaces of adjacent blocks. When moisture in the air comes into contact with the gutter and condenses, the water flows along the groove 71 and then along the water leaving surface 62b. Thus, moisture is kept away from the interior of the wall 1. A tongue (not shown) or a seal is disposed in the groove 72.

  The blocks 2 are attached in pairs using anchor bolts 14. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each block 2 has four drill holes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d extending between the horizontal lengthwise upper surface and the horizontal lengthwise lower surface of the block 2. Block 2 is placed on a row of blocks 2 that are already joined together. The anchor bolt 14 is passed through the drill holes 4a, 4c of the block 2 to be attached, and screwed into one of the two drill holes 20a, 20c of the two blocks 2 arranged below. Similarly, the anchor bolt 14 is passed through the drill holes 4b and 4d of the block 2 to be attached, and screwed into one of the two drill holes 20b and 20d of the other block 2 disposed below the anchor bolt. By tightening the anchor bolts 14 arranged in the drill holes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d large or small, the levelness of the block 2 to be mounted can be checked, in particular using a “laser level”.

In another embodiment (not shown), any other similar means for assembling wooden pegs, nails, or blocks can be used instead of anchor bolts.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of two stacked blocks according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

  The block 2 a is arranged on the block 2 b of the wall 1. The blocks 2a and 2b are provided with grooves 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d having the same right triangle cross section. In one block, the grooves 5a and 5b are arranged symmetrically with respect to the grooves 5c and 5d, and the grooves 5a and 5b are symmetrical with respect to the grooves 5c and 5d.

  The tongue 6b having a square cross section is held in a slightly compressed state over the length of the wall 1 between the respective grooves 5b and 5d of the blocks 2b and 2a. The square cross section of the first part 61 of the tongue 6a is held in contact with the grooves 2a and 5c of the blocks 2b and 2a in a slightly compressed state over the length of the wall 1. .

  The cross-sectional area of the second tongue 6b (and the first portion 61 of the first tongue 6a) is equal to or slightly larger than the cross-section of the space formed by the grooves 5b and 5d (and the grooves 5a and 5c). The length of the side of the tongue 6b (and the first portion 61 of the first tongue 6a) is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the side of the grooves 5b and 5d (and the grooves 5a and 5c).

  The tongues 6a, 6b that hold and align the block 2 in place are formed of a material such as wood that is not completely rigid so that it can be compressed between the grooves 5b, 5d and 5a, 5c. The tongues 6a and 6b are held in a compressed state by anchor bolts 14 that hold the blocks 2a and 2b together. Thus, there is a contact line between the tongues 6a, 6b and the respective surfaces of the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d of the blocks 2a, 2b over the entire length of these grooves. Further, the second portion 62 of the tongue 6a is held in contact with the chamfered portion 12 of the block 2b over the length of the wall 1.

By applying this principle to all blocks 2 of the wall 1, a perfect seal against sound, heat and moisture is formed between the blocks 2a and 2b.
In one particular embodiment, the tongues 6a, 6b may be joined by grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d. The tongues 6a and 6b can be formed from various materials such as wood, rubber, and plastic.

  The blocks 2a, 2b are provided with grooves or drips 13 arranged along the lower surface between the outer edge of the lower surface and the grooves 5a, 5b. The drip 13 blocks water that tends to move toward the inside of the wall 1 along the lower surface of the block 2a. The drip 13 of the block 2a is disposed above the water discharge surface 62b of the first tongue 6a. The water blocked at the drip 13 thus falls on the water leaving surface 62 b and flows away toward the outside of the wall 1.

  A seal 16 may be disposed between the upper and lower surfaces of the blocks 2a and 2b over the entire length of the wall 1. Furthermore, a seal (not shown) may be disposed between the contact surfaces of the blocks 2 that are paired adjacent in the horizontal direction. The seal is formed of a hydrophobic material such as closed cell rubber.

  FIG. 8 is a front view of a wall formed using a system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Block 2a is mounted on block 2b and is attached using anchor bolts 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d. Block 2a has two drill holes 4a and 4b slightly larger in diameter than anchor bolts 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and two drill holes to embed the anchor bolt head and compression washer (see FIG. 2). 4c and 4d (not shown). The drill holes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d extend vertically between the upper and lower surfaces of the block 2a and are preferably formed during the manufacture of the block 2a.

  The block 2b has two drill holes 20a and 20b extending vertically from the upper surface of these blocks 2b, and two drill holes 20c and 20d (not shown). The diameters of the drill holes 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d are smaller than the diameters of the anchor bolts 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d. The length of the drill holes 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d is determined by the size of the anchor bolts 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, and is smaller than the height of the block 2b so as not to penetrate the block. After the anchor bolts 14a and 14b are inserted into the drill holes 4a and 4b of the block 2a, they are screwed into the drill holes 20a and 20b of the block 2b, and the block 2a is attached to the block 2b on which the block 2a is mounted. Drill holes 20a and 20b are preferably formed using drill holes 4a and 4b during assembly to ensure that these drill holes 20a and 20b are correctly aligned with drill holes 4a and 4b. The drill holes 4a and 4b in the block 2a are provided so that the drill holes 20a and 20b in the block 2b do not deviate from being aligned with the drill holes 4a and 4b in the block 2b to be assembled. And 4b.

The anchor bolts 14a and 14b may be tightened tightly or loosely so as to check the level of the block 2a at the wall.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the wall under construction of a preferred embodiment of the present invention with horizontally adjacent blocks stacked on a given stage.

  The length of the tongue is preferably equal to the length of the wall 1. However, for large walls (particularly long walls), it is difficult to use only one tongue 6a, 6b as shown in FIGS. In this case, two tongues 6a1 and 6a2 which are abutted against each other are arranged in the groove 5a of the block 2 which is horizontally adjacent to a given step of the wall 1. Similarly, the tongues 6b1 and 6b2 are disposed in the groove 5b of the block 2 adjacent in the horizontal direction of the same step of the wall with the end portions facing each other.

  In order not to lose the wall seal at the joint between the tongues, the ends 17c, 17d and 17b and 17a of the tongues 6a1, 6a2, and 6b1, 6b2 are slanted to form a diagonal joint. It has been cut. Furthermore, the tongues 6a1 and 6a2 are assembled on different blocks 2, and preferably on a block that is not adjacent to the block 2, on which the tongues 6b1 and 6b2 are assembled. Thus, even when the tongues 6a1, 6a2, and 6b1, 6b2 are set back, the seal is maintained at the junction of the tongues 6a1, 6a2, and 6b1, 6b2.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the wall under construction of a preferred embodiment of the present invention with a service space through which pipes and ducts can pass.
The groove 5a of the block 2 adjacent in the horizontal direction of one step of the wall forms a service space in which the duct 9a is arranged. The duct 9a acts as an alignment-holding tongue. Block 2c has a central hole 90 extending from groove 5a. A horizontal hole 91 connected to the vertical hole 90 is provided on the inner surface of the block 2 c, and this hole provides a link between the vertical hole 90 and the outside of the wall 1. The holes 90 and 91 are preferably formed when the wall 1 is assembled, for example using a crown saw.

  The vertical hole 90 extends between the upper surface of the block 2 c and the horizontal hole 91. A vertical hole extending over the entire height of the block may be formed so that the horizontal service spaces can be connected in the vertical direction.

When the duct 9a can be slightly compressed, the duct 9a provides a sealing function in the same manner as the tongue 6a. A brace or sheath 9b may be placed in the holes 90 and 91.
FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a wall under construction according to another embodiment of the present invention having a service space through which pipes and ducts can be passed.

  A semi-cylindrical groove 5e that provides a link between the groove 5a of the block 2c and the outside of the wall 1 is provided on the upper surface of the block 2c. Similarly, the same groove 5f as the groove 5e is provided on the lower surface of the block 2a to be assembled on the block 2c. This groove 5f provides a link with respect to the groove 5c.

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a corner formed between two walls under construction, formed using a system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The block 2f of the wall 1a is assembled with the blocks 2h and 2g of the wall 1b in a different manner. The corner block 2g has an additional groove 5e on the upper and lower surfaces. The groove 5e is parallel to the short side of the surface. Similarly, the block 2g has an additional chamfered portion 12b at one edge portion of the short side portion of the upper surface. The tongue 6a of the wall 1a can be arranged between the corner block 2f of the wall 1a and the corner block 2g of the wall 1b by the chamfered portion 12b and the additional groove 5e. The inner tongue 6b disposed between the two grooves 5a and 5c of the corner block 2f of the wall 1a is cut at the intersection with the corner blocks 2f and 2g of the wall 1b.

The corner blocks 2f, 2g, 2h are thus easy to stack and hold one another. The tongue 6a continues to seal the walls 1a and 1b even at the corners.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a wall with a building component support formed using a system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

  The wall 1 comprises a series of half blocks 2n adjacent in the horizontal direction in one or more steps. The width of the half block 2n is half of the other blocks of the wall 1 and forms a recess 19 in the wall 1. The block 2m arranged below the block 2n forms a bearing surface on the recess 19 on which the joists 23 adapted to support the floor are placed. Recess 19 serves as a support for any building component, such as a rafter, purlin, or purlin beam to support the roof.

  The recess 19 is filled with a set of half blocks 2p having the same width as the half block 2n. Half blocks 2n and 2p have a set of grooves, holes, drill holes and chamfers so that they can be assembled and secured to other blocks of the wall. A groove (not shown) extending along the length of the groove of the half block 2p is provided on each of the upper surface and the lower surface of the joist 23. The second small square members inserted into the grooves of these half blocks 2p are also inserted into the joist grooves. Thus, the seal is maintained at the joists, and there is no need to cut the second small square member. Further, the joist 23 can be held at a predetermined position on the wall by the second small square member so as not to slip out from the recess 19.

  Returning to FIG. 8, a window frame attaching pocket 21 is provided in the wall 1. The block 22 serves as a window lintel, has the same cross section as the other blocks 2 and has a length greater than the width of the window. FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the cross section of the pocket 21 of the wall 1.

  Beneath the lintel 22 is a block 23 which serves as an opening lining for mounting a window or door frame support 100. An opening lining 23 having substantially the same cross section as that of the other block 2 is assembled and fixed to the wall 1 in the same manner as the other block 2. The opening lining 23 preferably comprises three wooden profiles. These profiles are joined together in a conventional manner, for example using adhesives and / or screws. The opening lining 23 thus has an upper profile 23a with the same width as the other blocks 2 of the wall and two horizontal profiles 23c, 23b with tongue and groove. The width of the lower shape members 23c and 23b is smaller than half of the width of the upper shape member 23a, and the opening 24 and the cavity 25 into which the frame support 100 can be inserted are formed. The wall 24 a of the opening 24 is substantially adjacent to the wall 100 a of the frame support 100 inserted into the opening 24. The width of the cavity 25 is larger than the width of the opening 24. The inner walls 24b and 24d of the lower shape members 23b and 23c form a support surface on which the rail 26 is placed. The rail 26 is fixed to the frame support 100, whereby the assembly of the frame support 100 can be assembled to the opening lining 23.

  It is well known to those skilled in the art that a compressive force is naturally applied to wood over time. The compression effect is further enhanced by the pressure applied to the wall block, thereby reducing the height of the cavity 25 over time. Accordingly, the frame support 100 is compressed, which causes deformation and tends to make it difficult to open and close the window. In order to eliminate such a problem, the height of the cavity 25 is larger than the height of the rail 26, and a space is formed between the upper wall of the rail 26 and the lower wall of the upper shape member 23a. The lintels 22 and the opening lining 23 can be deformed without deforming the frame support 100. Preferably, the height of the space (hR) is equal to the decrease in the height (hC) of the cavity 25 due to the compression of the wood calculated for the height of the cavity 25. The radial shrinkage (x) of the wood is 0.8% to 1.2%. A seal 27 made of a compressible material (rubber, synthetic foam, etc.) is disposed in the space between the rail 26 and the profile 23a.

The opening lining 23 is formed of three shape members 23a, 23b, and 23c. Of course, it may be formed as a single part or may be formed of five parts.
In another embodiment (not shown) of the present invention, the first portion 61 of the first tongue 6a and the second tongue 6b has a circular cross section. The diameter of the cross section of the tongues 6a and 6b is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the side portions of the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d.

  In another embodiment of the invention (not shown), the block 2 has grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d having a truncated triangular shape, ie a trapezoidal cross section. The first portion 61 of the first tongue 6a and the second tongue 6b thus has a regular hexagonal cross section that is equal to or slightly larger than the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d. In another aspect, the cross section of the tongue is circular.

  In another embodiment (not shown) of the present invention, the block 2 has grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d having a semicircular cross section. In this case, the first portions 61 of the first tongue 6a and the second tongue 6b have a circular cross section whose diameter is equal to or slightly larger than the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d. In another aspect, the first portion 61 of the first tongue 6a and the second tongue 6b has a square cross section. The length of the side of the square is equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d.

  It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments specifically disclosed and described above. The present invention includes all novel features and each combination of these features. Reference numerals appearing in the claims are not intended to limit the scope of protection. The terms “comprising”, “including”, and terms related to these terms do not exclude the presence of components other than those listed in a claim. Even when there is no indication that there is a plurality, it does not exclude the presence of a plurality of the constituent elements.

  Although the invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments illustrating the invention, the invention is not limited to these embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a wall under construction formed using a construction system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of two stacked blocks according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view from above of a wall under construction according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which adjacent blocks are arranged horizontally in a given step. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a wall under construction according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention with a service space for pipes and ducts. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a corner formed between two walls under construction formed using a system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a wall under construction according to another embodiment of the present invention having a service space for pipes and ducts. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a wall having a building component support formed using a system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a wall formed using a system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a cross section of a wall having pockets.

Claims (12)

A construction system for constructing a vertical wall (1),
A substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped construction wooden block arranged on the vertical wall (1), arranged side by side in a substantially horizontal direction and superposed on each other in a substantially vertical direction. (2) including an upper surface, a lower surface, an inner surface, an outer surface, and two abutting surfaces of the wall, and the upper surface and the lower surface of each of the blocks extend over the entire length of these surfaces. A block provided with at least one first groove (5a, 5c) extending;
At least one first block alignment tongue (6a) configured to be disposed horizontally between first grooves in adjacent blocks of the wall;
In the construction system, including
The edge portion between the upper surface and the outer surface of the block includes a chamfered portion (12) that overlaps with a portion of the first groove over the entire length thereof,
The first tongue includes a notch (60) with two faces (62a, 62c) over its entire length, and the first face (62c) of the notch is aligned with the first groove. The second surface (62a) of the notch is designed to contact the chamfered portion, and the surface (62b) opposite to the second surface allows water to flow outside the wall. A construction system characterized in that it forms an oblique slope for running away. The construction system according to claim 1,
The upper and lower surfaces of the block have second grooves (5b, 5d) extending over the entire length of these surfaces, and the system is disposed between the second grooves of adjacent blocks. A construction system characterized in that it comprises at least one second block matching tongue (6b) designed in such a way. In the construction system according to claim 1 or 2,
The relative dimensions of the first and / or second tongue with respect to the dimensions of the first and / or second groove are such that the tongue is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the grooves of adjacent blocks. A construction system characterized by being calculated as follows. In the construction system according to claim 1 or 2,
The construction system according to claim 1, wherein a length of the first and / or second alignment tongue is not less than twice a length of the first and / or second groove. In the construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The construction system characterized in that the tongue is a service duct or a pipe. In the construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The construction system characterized in that the tongue is formed of hardwood or fiber components. In the construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The block has at least one third groove (7) in each of the abutment surfaces of these blocks, and the system is arranged between the third grooves of the abutment surface A construction system, characterized in that it comprises at least one designed third tongue (8). The construction system according to claim 7,
The relative dimension of the third tongue with respect to the dimension of the third groove is calculated such that the tongue is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the grooves of adjacent blocks. A featured construction system. In the construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The contact surface of the block has at least one fourth groove (71) extending in a substantially vertical direction over the entire height of the contact surface, and one end of the fourth groove is A construction system characterized by opening toward the chamfer. The construction system according to claim 11,
The abutment surface of the block has at least one fifth groove (72) extending in a substantially vertical direction over the entire height of the abutment surface, and one end of the fifth groove has the first end. Opening to the chamfered portion of the upper surface between the end of the four grooves and the first groove, the system includes a set of seals designed to be inserted into the fifth groove. , A construction system characterized by that. In the construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The construction system characterized in that the block is formed of hardwood or fiber components.   12. A wall characterized in that the wall portion is formed using the construction system according to any one of claims 1-11.

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