BRPI0615703A2 - building system for wall construction - Google Patents

Abstract

BUILDING SYSTEM FOR CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS. The present invention relates to a building system for building vertical walls using wooden building blocks. The parallelepiped blocks comprise on their upper and lower surface a first groove (5a) that extends over the entire length of said surfaces. The ridge between the upper surface and the outer surface of the blocks includes a chamfer (12) that folds down part of the first groove over its entire length. The system further comprises a first block alignment tab (6a) designed to be arranged horizontally between the first grooves of adjacent blocks on the wall. The first tongue includes a double panel incision. The first incision panel is engaged in the first groove, the second incision panel is pressed against the chamfers of the blocks. The surface opposite the second panel forms an oblique slope to drain water out.

Description

Report of the Invention Patent for "WALL-BUILDING DEEDIFICATION SYSTEM".

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a vertical wall-building building system comprising substantially rectangular parallelepipedal wooden building blocks which are designed to be placed substantially horizontally, one side of one another, and substantially vertically, one on top of another, on a vertical wall, and comprising an upper face, a lower face, an inner face, an outer face, and two facing faces in the wall. The upper and lower faces of each block comprise at least a first slot extending over the entire length of these faces. The system also includes at least a first block-aligning tab designed to be placed horizontally between the first adjacent block slots in the wall.

The invention relates to any type of wall comprising at least one constructed part of wood. It can be applied to house walls such as the outer walls, support walls, internal partitions. The invention can also be used to construct swimming pools, saunas, noise barrier walls, wind break walls, etc.

Previous technique

Timber constructions are known in the prior art in which the walls consist of logs or wooden beams of a size equal to the length of the walls, and arranged on top of one another.

This type of construction is relatively expensive both in terms of raw material and labor. This is because it is necessary to use long logs (meaning those with the length of the walls). In addition, hauling logs in the workplace very long, are difficult operations and difficult to perform.

In addition, these constructions have important sealing problems. This is because since wood is a working material, it is difficult to obtain logs that remain perfectly straight. In addition, through the effect of time, gaps are formed between the logs, greatly reducing the thermal, acoustic and moisture sealing of the building.

Also known in the prior art are wood constructions produced using wood bricks. Wooden bricks are easier to handle and generally easier to assemble. The cost of logging them compared to logs is much lower, since for the same amount of wood, brick making requires fewer tree trunks.

U.S. Patent 5,890,332 describes a modular building system utilizing reconstituted wood blocks. According to that patent, metal rods are fixed vertically on a slab, preferably a concrete slab. Wooden bricks that have a hole in their center slide over these rods one on top of another.

The rods serve as anchor bolts and make it possible for bricks stacked on top of one another to be fixed together by the height of the wall. Such piles of wooden bricks are laid side by side along the wall. Vertical and horizontal alignment keys, which are placed in cracks provided in the brick surface, allow adjacent bricks to be aligned in pairs. The bricks are also bonded together.

"Such a building system does not allow simple, quick and effective assembly of the various modules. This is because the building system requires the manufacture and use of numerous small parts, namely the alignment keys, thereby making the fabrication and assembly of the parts. In addition, the building system does not allow straight walls to be obtained.The use of self-aligning braces, as described in this prior art, allows adjacent bricks to be aligned only in pairs, but does not allow realignment. In addition, these rods do not hold the bricks in place against each other as bricks need to be joined together. This is an additional step in the construction of a wall whose step, moreover, It makes the building system environmentally friendly due to the use of adhesive.

It should also be noted that under the pressure of the anchor bolts that hold the bricks of a given pile together, said bricks are deformed at their center. This results in a distortion of the wall, which then does not have a straight support surface. The use of brick anchor bolts also makes any subsequent modification of the wall (opening to a window, door, etc.) difficult.

Finally, this system does not solve the problem of sealing the construction since these walls are less sealed the more the bricks are deformed under the pressure of the anchor bolts.

Australian Patent AU 2,841,577 describes a building system for building walls using wooden bricks. The bricks have longitudinal grooves on two opposite longitudinal faces. The bricks are joined together using reeds that have a length equal to the length of the wall to be constructed. The tabs are placed horizontally between the block slots. Although this system allows them to be mounted quickly to form a wall, it does not solve the problem of how to seal the building.

Summary of the Invention

An object of the invention is to provide a building system for constructing partially wooden walls that remedy the problems previously mentioned in the prior art.

A particular object of the invention is to provide a low-cost building building system, stable walls that are sealed and easy and quick to build.

In this regard, the building system according to the invention is characterized in that the edge between the upper and the outer face of the blocks includes a chamfer which covers part of the first groove for its entire length, and that the first tongue includes a notch which has two facets the entire length thereof, the first notch facet aligned to fit into the first slot, the second notch facet being designed to abut against the bevel and the face opposite the second facet forming an oblique inclination to the water seeps parallel to the outside of the wall.

Such a system makes it possible to build walls that are particularly tightly fenced. The first tab provides sealing between vertically adjacent blocks in the wall. This is because rainwater that runs down the bricks of a wall or seeps between the blocks runs downhill along the outward surface formed by the oblique inclination of the first batten. Water is thus extracted from the wall. In addition, moist air may condense as droplets on contact with the wall between the blocks. These droplets fall onto the flow surface outside the batten and are removed from the wall.

Such a system makes it possible to erect walls very simply and very quickly and at a lower cost. This is because the first tongue is easily housed in the first slots thanks to the notch and chamfer.

The first batten fulfills two functions, that of a batten to align and support adjacent blocks together and that of a seal part. The number of parts to be manufactured and assembled is reduced, as are the manufacturing, assembly and labor costs.

Advantageously, the first tongue is preferably made of a single piece. Advantageously the chamfer profile is constant. It can be flat or rounded. The notches facets can be flat or rounded. Advantageously the two-faceted notch consists of a recess.

Advantageously the length of the first tongue is more than twice the length of a first slot of a block. This is because the first grooves of the upper faces of all blocks placed horizontally next to one another in a wall form a long, continuous groove. A first tongue, placed in this long groove, makes it possible to align and hold together, due to their length, those lower blocks along an entire wall face.

In addition, the upper blocks to be placed over the lower blocks have a first slot in their lower longitudinal face. Thanks to this first slot it is easy to place and mount the upper blocks on the lower blocks.

The tongue thus makes it possible to align and hold together over their length not only the upper blocks but also the upper blocks with respect to the lower blocks.

This makes it possible to build very straight, stable walls that are quick and easy and at a lower cost.

Advantageously the first slots of any block are arranged symmetrically with respect to one another. Preferably the first slots are substantially in the same position for all blocks.

Another object of the invention is to provide a system that allows the construction of walls that provide an acoustic, thermal and moisture seal.

For this purpose the building system according to the invention is characterized in that the relative dimensions of the first tongue with respect to the dimensions of the first slots are calculated so that the tongue is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the adjacent block slots.

Thus, the first tongue slightly compressed between the first slots forms, over its entire length, a seal between the vertically adjacent blocks. This seal is an effective barrier that prevents both moisture and air from passing through it.

Such a system thus makes it possible to quickly and easily produce, and at a lower cost, a particularly impermeable, straight and stable inner wall. This is because a single part - the first tongue - simultaneously serves as a seal between vertically adjacent blocks, as a part for aligning and holding adjacent blocks together, and as a part for removing water between adjacent blocks.

In addition, such a system provides environmentally friendly construction since it uses only clean and new materials. Another object of the invention is to reduce the tensile stress on the surface of the blocks to a minimum and to ensure easy assembly. of wooden blocks that work and lose their original shape.

For this purpose, the building system according to one embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the lower upper faces of the blocks have a second groove extending over the entire length of these faces, and include at least a second designed block-aligning tongue. to be placed between the second adjacent block grooves.

In the case of wood blocks, especially solid wood blocks, the two grooves on each of the opposite faces serve to reduce the tensile stress on the blocks. By increasing the number of grooves the magnitude of the cracks (especially their size and number) that appear in the blocks is reduced.

In addition, the wood density of the blocks, especially when they are made of solid wood, is not uniform. Wood deforms especially under what is called "the core stretching effect". As a result, the block surfaces become curved or dish-shaped - it is difficult to assemble blocks that do not have flat contact surfaces. Having a second tongue between the second grooves of the blocks, it is easier at the time of assembly to stabilize the adjacent blocks reciprocally on the surfaces including the second grooves. In particular, this thus prevents the blocks from "rolling" or "heading" relative to each other.

Advantageously, the length of the second tongue is more than twice the length of a second slot of a block. Thus, it is even easier to align and assemble a plurality of blocks over a fairly large part of the face of a wall.

Advantageously the relative dimensions of the second tongue relative to the dimensions of the second grooves are calculated so that the tongue is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the cracks of the adjacent blocks. Advantageously, the second grooves of a given block are symmetrically arranged in relation to each other. the other. Preferably, the second slots are substantially in the same position for all blocks.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first and / or

Second slots have a triangular cross section. A cross-section groove has the advantage, unlike a rectangular cross-sectional groove, of avoiding gaps between the tongue and the groove. This is because such a groove has only two surfaces for contact with the groove.

According to another embodiment the first and / or second have a semicircular arcuate or circular arcuate cross-section.

Advantageously, that portion of the first tongue that is designed to be accommodated in the first groove and / or the second tongue has a circular, square or diamond-shaped cross-section.

Advantageously, the tabs are made of wood (solid wood or fiber component). Wood reeds are easy and economical to produce, completely environmentally friendly and can be easily handled. In addition, wood is a relatively rigid material that accepts being slightly compressed. In a different mode the slings are made of plastic.

Another object of the invention is to provide a building system that can allow service ducts and / or pipes to pass through a wall that remains perfectly sealed.

For this purpose, the first or second tongue is a duct or service tube. Pipeline or pipe installation takes place during block assembly - no particular additional installation is required.

Advantageously, the ducts or pipes placed between the grooves of the blocks may themselves form a seal. The relative dimensions of the ducts or pipes in relation to the dimensions of the grooves are calculated, in particular, such that the duct or pipe is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the adjacent block grooves.

Advantageously, the blocks include a hole extending between the two second slots of these blocks. Thus, it is possible to make, in a simple manner, a vertical connection between ducts or horizontal pipes.

According to another particular embodiment, certain blocks have a hole extending from one of the second slots of these blocks and opening over the inner (or outer) face of these blocks. The hole allows the ducts or pipes to emerge from the wall.

These holes can be drilled prior to assembly (at the place of manufacture of the block) or at the time of assembly, depending on construction requirements. In this way, it is possible to produce very easily and quickly hidden custom duct networks or pipes, with very precise access and connection points.

Advantageously, the building system includes at least one sheath or reinforcement designed to pass through these holes to make the connections and outlets for the ducts or pipes effective and sealed.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the blocks have at least one third groove in each of their encounter faces and the system includes at least one third tongue designed to be placed between the third encounter face slots.

Preferably the relative dimensions of the third tongue with respect to the dimensions of the third slots are calculated such that the tongue is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the adjacent block slots. In this way the wall is sealed at the transverse faces of adjacent blocks.

Preferably the blocks are placed in a scaled manner, thereby ensuring that the blocks are best kept together in relation to one another. Advantageously, the third tabs are the same length as the length of the third slots or shorter than them. Advantageously, the third tabs are made of solid wood or fiber components. Advantageously, the third side face slots do not intersect with the first slots and / or second slots of the longitudinal faces, particularly so that the vertically used and horizontally do not obstruct each other.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the block meeting faces have at least one fourth groove extending substantially vertically over the full height of the meeting face, one end of said fourth groove opening over the chamfer.

These four grooves form rails between the horizontally adjacent blocks. These gutters allow air to circulate and thus provide ventilation between horizontally adjacent blocks. If air conducting moisture penetrates between the meeting faces of the blocks, it is guided through the ventilation slots. If moisture in the air condenses like droplets, the droplets fall on the sloping surface of the first immediately lower tongue and are removed from the wall.

Likewise, if air conducting moisture penetrates between the chamfer and the two-facet notch of the first batten and condenses with the droplets, they either run along the bevel or fall into the fourth groove.

Moisture is easily removed from the wall.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the block meeting faces have at least one fifth groove extending substantially vertically over the full height of the meeting face, one end of said fifth groove opening over the upper face chamfer. , and between the end of the fourth slot is the first slot, the system includes a seal assembly designed to be housed in the fifth slots.

The seal provides perfect sealing between the faces of every block in the wall. Due to the position of the ends of the fifth groove, any condensation appearing at these ends will be removed along the chamfer, the fourth block groove and the outwardly flowing surface of the tongue located immediately below the block.

Preferably the position of the fourth and fifth slots is substantially the same for each block.

Another object of the invention is to provide a building system that allows the blocks to be fixed together easily.

For this purpose, at least one block has at least one first perforated hole extending between the upper and lower faces substantially perpendicular to these faces. The system includes at least one anchor bolt designed to be slid through the first drilled hole.

The blocks also include at least a second drilled hole extending from the upper face and substantially parallel to the first drilled hole.

The anchor bolt can then be slid through the first drill hole of a first block screwed into the second drilled hole of a second block placed below the first block.

This system makes it possible for two vertically adjoining blocks to be fixed simply at all times, and thus allows the various wall components to be easily and securely fixed. In addition, such a method of assembling blocks in pairs allows subsequent modification of the wall. This is because it is easy to cut openings in a produced wall, while still preserving the retention and alignment of the wall in its entirety.

In addition, the anchor bolts apply some pressure between the vertically adjacent blocks in the wall. Thus, anchor bolts provide constant contact between the tongue and groove over the entire length of the tongue. In this way the wall is perfectly sealed.

In addition, the building system makes it possible for the alignment of the wall blocks to be checked and adjusted almost perfectly. By tightening a anchor bolt that joins a first block to a second block to a greater or lesser extent, it is possible that the alignment and horizontal apposition of the second block will be perfectly controlled. Second block hardness can be checked using a laser. This technique makes it possible to construct perfectly straight walls in which the position of the blocks can be checked individually.

The building system allows the construction of walls which must be absolutely perfectly sealed (eg for the construction of swimming pools or saunas). For this purpose additional seals may be placed between the adjacent surfaces of the blocks and / or between the second facet of the notch and the chamfered edge of the blocks. In a preferred embodiment, these seals are made of hydrophobic rubber, for example, closed cell rubber. Rubber is an environment friendly material.

The building system allows the construction of non-supporting walls for building components. For this purpose certain blocks are narrower than others, so that these blocks placed next to one another in the wall form a recess in the wall designed to support building components. This wall recess creates a support surface to accommodate building components such as vices, to support a floor or rafters, purlins or ridges to support a roof. This makes it possible to build housing easily and at a lower cost, reducing the number of parts and components to be manufactured and assembled.

Advantageously, the blocks are made of solid wood, the system according to the invention makes it possible to construct housing walls which serve both interior and exterior walls at the same time.

Solid wood has well-known insulation properties that make it a material of choice for building exterior walls. The cost of building such a dwelling is smaller, since it is unnecessary to cover the interior wall of the dwelling at the same time with regard to insulation and aesthetics. In addition, by choosing bricks made of wood of different colors, it is possible to build walls that are designed. Alternatively, the blocks may also be made of fiber components (eg, plywood or sealed MDF or laminated wood, etc.).

Another object of the invention is to provide a wall including a part constructed using a building system according to the invention.

Another object of the invention is to provide building blocks as used in the building system according to the invention.

Brief Description of the Figures

These aspects, along with others of the invention, will be clarified in the detailed description of particular embodiments of the invention, with reference to the drawings of the figures, in which:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an example of a wall under construction, made using the building system according to the invention;

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional representation of two overlapping blocks according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Figure 3 shows a representation of a building wall, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, seen from above and having horizontally adjacent blocks in a given row;

Figure 4 shows a perspective representation of a building wall according to a preferred embodiment of the invention having service space for the passage of pipes or ducts;

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a corner formed between two walls under construction, made using the accordion system as a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Figure 6 shows a perspective representation of the building wall, according to another embodiment of the invention, which has a service space allowing the passage of pipes and ducts;

Figure 7 shows a perspective view of a wall having a support for building components constructed using the system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Figure 8 shows a longitudinal section of a wall constructed using the system according to the preferred embodiment of the invention; e Figure 9 shows a perspective view of a cross section of the wall including a pocket.

The figures were not drawn to scale. In general, similar components are indicated by similar references in the figures.

Detailed Description of Particular Modalities

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an example of a wall in construction made using the building system according to the invention.

Wall 1 comprises rectangular parallelepiped wooden building blocks 2, which are placed side by side and on top of one another in a stepped manner. The blocks are preferably made of solid wood. However, they can also be made of fiber components. The upper horizontal longitudinal face of the blocks 2 includes two slots 5a, 5b parallel to the longest side of the face and running along the entire length of this face. Likewise, the lower horizontal longitudinal face of the blocks 2 includes two slots 5c and 5d parallel to the longest side of the face and running along the entire length of this face. Preferably the two upper face slots 5a and 5b are arranged symmetrically with the two lower face slots 5c and 5d.

The edge near the intersection between the upper face and the outer face of block 2 has a chamfer 12. The chamfer profile 12 is constant and flat. It can also be rounded or patterned. The chamfer12 covers part of the first slot 5b over its entire length.

A first tongue 6a which is of a trap-zoidal cross-section includes a recess 60. The first tongue has a first substantially square cross-sectional part 61 and a second substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional part 62 connected to the first part 61. The recess 60 has a first facet 62c which rests on first slot 5a. The recess 60 has a second facet 62a which rests on the shoulder 12 of the lower blocks 2 and forms a complementary surface to the profile of the chamfer 12. Since the second facet 62a of the tongue 6a is complementary to the profile of the chamfer 12, the clearance and space between them two surfaces are reduced to a minimum. A fence (not shown) may be placed between these two surfaces. The surface 62b opposite the second facet 62a forms an outwardly flowing surface 62b for water to flow away.

The first part 61 of the first tongue 6a is placed between the notches 5a and 5c of the blocks 2 over the entire length of the wall 1. The first part 61 of the tongue 6a makes it possible to hold in place and align the horizontally placed blocks 2 along the length of the wall 1. next to each other in a given row. It also makes it possible to hold and align the blocks 2 placed on top of each other in two rows.

When the first part 61 of the first tongue 6a is placed between the slots 5a and 5c of the adjacent blocks 2, the outwardly flowing water surface 62 of the first tongue 6a breaks at the outer vertical face of the blocks 2. The outflow 62 may also extend very slightly beyond the outer vertical face of the blocks 2. The outward flow surface 62b allows water to be drawn away from wall 1, thereby preventing moisture from penetrating wall 1.

A second tongue 6b is placed between the slots 5b and 5d of the blocks over the entire length of the wall 1. The tongue 6b reinforces the retention and alignment of the block 2 relative to one another provided by the first tongue 6a.

Tabs 6a, 6b are used, as long as possible, preferably with a length equal to the length of the wall 1. The first and second tabs 6a, 6b may advantageously be chamfered at their edges.

It is well known to those skilled in the art that parts made of solid wood have difficulty maintaining their original shape. The density of block wood, especially those made of solid wood, is not uniform, and wood deforms under various effects including that called "core stretching". This phenomenon can occur in solid wood blocks, and the faces of these blocks can become bulged or plate-shaped. Having two slots (5a, 5b) and (5c, 5d) contact face between blocks 2 provides more effective stabilization of blocks placed on top of one another. In this way the upper blocks 2 are prevented from "heading" or "rolling" relative to the lower blocks 2.

In addition, the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d serve as a means of reducing internal tensile stresses in the wooden blocks 2. By increasing the number of grooves, the magnitude (number, size, etc.) of cracks that appear in the wood is reduced.

The blocks 2 constituting the first row of wall 1 are fixed to foundations in a conventional manner not described herein. The foundations may consist of a first foundation (not shown) concrete form upon which rests a concrete strap (not shown). The blocks 2 of the first row are attached to this strap.

The blocks 2 have on each of the encounter faces a vertical crack 7 extending between the upper and lower longitudinal faces. Tabs 8 are placed between horizontally adjacent blocks 2 in slots 7. Do slots 8 make it possible to hold and align horizontally adjacent blocks? in pairs.___

The grooves 7 preferably have a circularly arcuate cross-section, the circular arc being equal to or shorter than a semicircle. Tabs 8 of circular cross-section are kept between slots 7 of two horizontally adjacent blocks 2, above the height of these blocks 2. Tabs 8 are slightly compressed in the space created by slots 7 to ensure contact between tabs 8 and 8. each surface of the slots 7. Thus, the wall is sealed at the meeting faces of the blocks 2.

The blocks 2 also have on each face of two vertical grooves 71 and 72 which open over a chamfer 12. The vertical grooves 71, closest to the outer face of the blocks, form ventilation channels between the meeting faces of the adjacent blocks. When moisture in the air condenses on contact with the gutters, water flows away along the grooves 71 and then along the water flow surface outwardly 62b. Moisture is thus far from the inside of the wall 1. Tabs (not shown) or seals are placed in the slots 72.

The blocks 2 are fixed in pairs using anchor bolts 14.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each block 2 has four perforated holes 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d that extend vertically between the lower and upper horizontal longitudinal faces of block 2. A block 2 is placed in a row of already joined blocks 2. together. An anchor 14 is slid through the perforated holes 4a, 4c of block 2 to be secured and is screwed into the two perforated holes 20a ^ 20c in one of the two blocks 2 placed below. Likewise, an anchor 14 is slid through the perforated holes 4b, 4d of block 2 to be fixed and then screwed into the two perforated holes 20b, 20d in the other block 2 placed below. By tightening the anchor bolts 14 placed in the drilled holes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d to a greater or lesser extent it is possible to check the level of block 2 to be fixed, especially using a "laser level".

In another embodiment (not shown) it is possible to use bolts, nails, or any other similar devices to mount blocks.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional representation of two overlapping blocks according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Block 2a is placed on top of block 2b in wall 1. Blocks 2a and 2b have identical right angle triangular cross-section slots 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d. In one block, the slots 5a, 5b are placed symmetrically with respect to the slots 5c, 5d and the slots 5a, 5c are symmetrical with respect to the slots 5b, 5d.

A tongue 6b of square cross section is kept slightly compressed in contact about the length of the wall 1 between the notches 5b and 5d of blocks 2b and 2a, respectively. The first part 61 of a square cross-section tongue 6a is held in contact, slightly compressed over the length of the wall 1 between the grooves 5a and 5c of blocks 2b and 2a, respectively.

The cross-sectional area of the second tongue 6b (and the first part 61 of the first tongue 6a respectively) is equal to or slightly larger than that of the cross-sectional space formed by the grooves 5b, 5d (and the grooves 5a , 5c, respectively) .Ό length of the tongue sides 6b (and the first part 61 of the first tongue 6a, respectively) is equal to or slightly greater than the length of the sides of the slots 5b, 5d (and 5a, 5c respectively). .

The tabs 6a, 6b which ensure that the blocks 2 are held in place and aligned are made of a non-rigid material such as wood so as to be able to be compressed between the grooves 5b, 5d and 5a, 5c. The tongues 6a, 6b are held compressed by the anchor bolts 14 holding the blocks 2a and 2b together. There is thus a contact line between the tabs 6a, 6b and each surface of the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d of the blocks 2a, 2b over the entire length of these grooves. In addition, the second portion 62 of the tongue 6b is thus kept in contact with the chamfer 12 of the block 2b by the length of the wall 1.

Applying this principle to all blocks 2 of wall 1, a perfect acoustic thermal and moisture seal is produced between blocks 2a, 2b.

In a particular embodiment, the tabs 6a, 6b may be attached to the slots 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d. Reeds 6a, 6b can be made of various materials, such as wood, rubber, plastic.

The blocks 2a, 2b have along the lower face a groove or groove 13 placed between the outer edge of this face and the grooves 5a, 5b.

The gutter 13 blocks water that could have a tendency to run along the underside of block 2a towards the inside of wall 1. The gutter 13 of block 2a is placed above the outwardly flowing surface 62b of the first batten 6a. Blocked water in the gutter 13 thus falls over the outwardly flowing surface 62b and flows away towards the outer wall 1.

A seal 16 may be placed between the upper and lower face of the blocks 2a, 2b over the entire length of the wall 1. A seal (not shown) may also be placed between the facing faces of the horizontally adjacent blocks 2 in pairs. . The seal is made of a hydrophobic material, such as a closed cell rubber.

Figure 8 shows a front view of a wall constructed using the system according to the preferred embodiment of the invention. Block 2a rests on and is secured to blocks 2b using anchor bolts 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d. Block 2a has two perforated holes 4a and 4b and two perforated holes 4c and 4d (not shown) slightly larger in diameter than that of anchor bolts 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d for embedding anchor bolt heads and compression washers ( see also figure 2). Perforated holes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d extend vertically between the upper face and the lower face of block 2a, and are preferably produced during fabrication of block 2a.

Blocks 2a have two perforated holes 20a and 20b and two perforated holes 20c and 20d (not shown) extending vertically from the upper face of blocks 2b. The diameter of the drilled holes 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d is smaller than the diameter of the anchor bolts 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d. The length of the drilled holes 20a, 20b, 20c ^ 20d depends on the size of the anchor bolts 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d and is smaller than the height of the blocks 2b so as not to pass through these blocks. Anchor bolts 14a, 14bs are inserted into the perforated holes 4a and 4b of block 2a and are then screwed into the perforated holes 20a, 20b of blocks 2b so as to secure block 2a to blocks 2b on which block 2a rests. The perforated holes 20a and 20b are preferably drilled at the time of assembly using perforated holes 4a, 4b as guides to ensure that the perforated holes 20a and 20b are aligned correctly with the perforated holes 4a and 4b. The perforated holes 4a and 4b of block 2a are positioned such that the perforated holes 20a and 20b of blocks 2b are out of alignment with the perforated holes 4a and 4b of blocks 2b to which the block 2a is to be mounted.

The anchor bolts 14a and 14b can be tightened to a greater or lesser extent to check the level (horizontally) of the block 2a in the wall.

Figure 3 shows a representation of the wall under construction in a preferred embodiment of the invention, viewed from above and having horizontally adjacent blocks in a given row.

The tabs preferably have a length equal to that of wall 1. However, for large walls (especially long ones) it may be difficult to use only a single tab 6a, 6b as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In this case, placed in slots 5a of horizontally adjacent blocks 2 in a given row of wall 1, there are two lugs 6a1 and 6a2 which meet together. Likewise, tabs 6b1 and 6b2 are placed end to end in horizontally adjacent block slots 5b in a wall row.

To prevent a loss of wall sealing at the junction between the ends of the tabs 17c, 17d, 17a and 17b of the tabs 6a1, 6a2 and 6b1, 6b2 respectively, they are chamfered to form a joint. In addition, the tabs 6a1 and 6a2 are mounted in a different block 2 and preferably one that is not adjacent to block 2, where the tabs 6b1 and 6b2 are provided even if the tabs 6a1, 6a2 and 6b1, 6b2 are fitted. , seal is maintained at the tongue joints 6a1, 6a2 and 6b1, 6b2.

Figure 4 shows a perspective representation of the wall under construction in a preferred embodiment of the invention, and with a service space allowing the passage of pipes and ducts.

The slots 5a of horizontally adjacent blocks 2 in a wall edge constitute a service space in which a duct 9a is located. Duct 9a acts as an alignment and retention tab. Block 2c has a vertical hole 90 extending from slot 5a. On an internal face, block 2c has a horizontal hole 91 which is connected to vertical hole 90 and provides the connection between vertical hole 90 and the exterior of wall 1.

The holes 90 and 91 are preferably drilled when mounting the wall 1, for example using a crown saw. The vertical hole 90 lies between the upper face of the block 2c and the horizontal hole 91. It is also possible to produce vertical holes that extend -tops over the full height of the blocks so as to be able to vertically connect the horizontal service spaces.

Duct 9a offers the possibility of being slightly

pressed, it can, just like a tongue 6a, provide a sealing function. Clamps or sheaths 9b may be placed in holes 90 and 91.

Figure 6 shows a perspective representation of the wall in construction according to another embodiment of the invention, and which has a service space that allows the passage of pipes or ducts.

Block 2c has on its upper face a semi-cylindrical slot 5e which provides the connection between slot 5a of block 2c and the outside of network 1. Similarly, block 2a, which is designed to be mounted on top of block 2c, It has on its inner surface a groove 5f and identical to groove 5b, and which provides the connection with groove 5c.

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a corner formed between two walls under construction, made using the arrangement systems with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Wall 1a block 2f is mounted in a stepwise manner with wall 1b blocks ~ 2h, 2g. Corner block 2g has an additional slot 5e on the upper and lower surfaces. The groove 5e is parallel to the short edge of the faces. Likewise, block 2g has an additional chamfer 12b on the edge of one short side of the upper surface. The chamfer12b and the additional grooves 5e allow the tabs 6a of wall 1 to be placed both between the corner blocks 2f of wall 1a, and the corner blocks 2g of wall 1b. The inner tabs 6b placed between the 2a 5a, 5c of the corner blocks 2f of wall 1a are cut at the intersection with the corner blocks 2f, 2g of wall 1b.

Corner blocks 2f, 2g, 2i can thus easily be stacked and held together. Tabs 6a continue to seal walls 1a, 1b, even at the corners. Figure 7 shows a perspective view of a wall having a support for building components constructed using the system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Wall 1 has a series of horizontally adjacent half blocks 2n in one or more wall rows. The width of the half blocks 2n is half that of the other blocks of wall 1 so as to form a recess 19 in wall 1. The blocks 2m placed below the blocks 2n form a support surface in recess 19, on which lies a pathway. -23 drop designed to support a floor. The recess 19 may serve as a support for any building component, such as crib, third ridge ears to support a roof.

The recess 19 is filled with a set of half blocks 2p having a width equal to those of half blocks 2n. The half blocks 2ne and 2p have a set of slots, holes, perforated holes and chamfers so that they can be mounted and fixed to the other wall blocks. The beam 23 has on each of its upper and lower faces a groove (not shown) which extends along the grooves of the two blocks 2p. The second stops housed in the grooves of these half-blocks 2b may also be housed in the grooves of the stud. Thus, sealing is kept in effect; It is unnecessary to cut the second battens. In addition, the second battens make it possible to keep the beam 23 in place on the wall preventing it from slipping out of the recess 19.

Turning to figure 8, wall 1 has a pocket 21 for securing a window frame. Block 22 serves as the window's Iintel and has a cross-section identical to the other blocks 2 and longer than the width of the window. Figure 9 shows a perspective view of a cross section of a wall 1 in a pocket 21.

Placed below Iintel 22 is a block 23 which serves as the opening frame for securing a window frame support or door 100. The opening frame 23 of cross section substantially identical to the cross section of the other blocks 2 is mounted and fixed to the wall. 1 like the other blocks 2. Opening frame 23 consists of three sections preferably made of wood and joined together in a conventional manner, for example using adhesive and / or screws. Opening frame 23 thus has an upper section 23a of width i-identical to the other blocks 2 of the wall, and 2 side sections 23c, 23b with a recess. The width of the lower sections 23b, 23c is less than half the width of the upper section 23a so as to form an opening 24 allowing the insertion of the frame support 100 and a cavity 25. The walls 24a of opening 24 are substantially adjacent. to the walls 100a of the frame support 100 inserted into the opening 24. The width of the cavity 25 is larger than that of the opening 24. The inner walls 24b, 24d of the lower sections 23b, 23c thus form a support surface upon which one trod 26 rests. . The rail 26 is fixed to the frame holder 100 allowing mounting of the frame holder 100 to the opening frame 23.

A person skilled in the art knows that wood suffers from natural pressure over time. The compression effect is accentuated by the pressure to which the blocks in the wall are subjected. It follows that the height of cavity 25 decreases over time. Frame support 100 is therefore compressed in turn and tends to deform, making it difficult to open the doors and windows ^ To avoid this problem, the height of the cavity 25 is greater than the height of the rail 26 to form a space between the upper walls of the rail 26 and the lower wall of the upper section 23a. Iintel 22 and aperture frame 23 may deform without correspondingly deforming frame support 100. Preferably, the height of the space (hR) is equal to the reduction in height of the cavity 25 (hC) due to the compression of the wood calculated to cavity height 25. The radial shrinkage (x) of the wood is between 0.8% and 1.2%. A seal 27 of compressible material (rubber, synthetic foam, etc.) is placed in the space between the rail 26 and section 23a.

The opening frame 23 is made of three sections 23a 23b, 23c.Naturally it can be made as a single part or consist of five sections.

In another embodiment of the invention (not shown) the first part 61 of first tabs 6a and second tabs 6b have a circular cross-section. The cross-sectional diameter of the tabs 6a, 6b is equal to or slightly larger than the length of the sides of the slots 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d.

In another embodiment of the invention (not shown) the blocks 2 comprise slots 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d which have a cross-section in the form of a triangle with a truncated vertex, which means the shape of a trapeze. The first part 61 of the first tabs 6a and the second tabs 6b, therefore, have a hexagonalregular cross section equal to or slightly larger than that of the slots 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d. Alternatively, the cross section of the tongues is circular.

In another embodiment of the invention (not shown) the blocks 2 include slots 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d having a semi-circular cross section. The first part 61 of the first tongues 6a and the second tongues 6b then have a circular cross section of diameter slightly larger than that of the slots 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d. Alternatively, the first part 61 of the first tongues 6a and the second tongues 6b have a square cross section, the length of the square side being equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the grooves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d.

It would be obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention is not limited to what has been particularly disclosed and is described above. The invention is in the presentation of all innovative aspects and in each combination of these aspects. The use of the words "understand, contain or include" and their conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of components which differ from those enumerated in the claims. a, one, one "in front of a component does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such components.

The present invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments which are an illustration of the invention but should not be construed as restrictive.

Claims (12)

1. Building system for building vertical walls (1), comprising: substantially rectangular parallelepiped wooden building blocks (2), which are designed to be placed substantially horizontally next to one another and in substantially vertical ways one on top of another on a vertical wall, and comprising an upper face, a lower face, an inner face, an outer face, and two faces meeting on the wall, the upper and lower faces of each block comprising at least one first groove (5a, 5c) extending over the entire length of these faces; Not least a first block alignment tab (6a) designed to be placed horizontally between the first adjacent block slots in the wall, characterized in that: the edge between the upper face and the outer face of the blocks includes a chamfer (12) which covers part of the first slot over its entire length; and the first tongue includes a notch (60) having two facets (62a, 62c) over its full length, the first notch (62c) aligned to fit into the first slot, the second facet (62a) being designed to support against the chamfer, and the side face 62b opposite the second facet forming an oblique inclination for water to flow away from the outside of the wall. Building system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower faces of the blocks have a second slot (5b, 5d) extending over the entire length of these faces and the system includes in the A second block aligning tab (6b) is designed to be placed between the second adjacent block slots. Building system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the relative dimensions of the first and / or second tongues relative to the dimensions of the first and second grooves are calculated such that the tongue is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the grooves. of the adjacent blocks. Building system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the length of the first and / or second alignment tabs is more than twice the length of the first and / or second grooves. Building system according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tongue is a service duct or pipe. Building system according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tabs are made of solid wood or fiber components. Building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blocks have at least a third slot (7) on each of their meeting faces, and that the system includes, in the minimum, a third tongue (8) designed to be placed between the third grooves of the encounter faces. Building system according to claim 7, characterized in that the relative dimensions of the third tongue relative to the dimensions of the third grooves are calculated so that the groove is slightly compressed in the cavity formed between the grooves of the adjacent blocks. Building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the block meeting faces have at least a fourth slot (71) which extends substantially vertically over the entire height of the block. encounter face, one end of said fourth slot opening over the bevel. Building system according to Claim 11, characterized in that the block encounter faces have at least one fifth groove (72) extending substantially vertically over the entire height of the encounter face. , one of said groove ends opening over the upper face chamfer between the fourth groove end and the first groove, and the system includes a seal assembly designed to be housed in the fifth grooves. Building system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blocks are made of solid wood or fiber components. Wall, characterized in that part of the wall is constructed using a system as defined in one of claims 1 to 11.