JP2009145739A - Sound absorber, sound absorbing device and space - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology capable of absorbing sound in response to various sounds. <P>SOLUTION: A sound absorber 1 includes a plurality of protrusions 11 whose cross sections are convex shapes, and recesses 12 whose cross sections are concave shapes. A film section 20 is stuck to a plurality of upper surface sections 11A with tension applied, by an adhesive applied on the upper surface sections 11A of a base 10. An air layer 30 is formed along the protrusions 11 between the film section 20 and the base 10, by the film section 20 and the recesses 12. A resonance frequency is changed, when the tension applied on the film is changed, in a sound absorbing mechanism of a spring-mass system using the film and the air layer. Thereby, when a bending amount of the sound absorber 1 is changed by moving a mobile body 130, the tension of the film section 20 is changed and the resonance frequency is changed, and sound which is absorbed is changed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for absorbing sound.

  As a sound absorber that absorbs sound, there is a sound absorber using a film material (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). Each of the sound absorbers disclosed in these documents has an air layer behind the film material on which the sound wave enters, and the film material and the air layer constitute a spring-mass system. The spring-mass system realizes a resonance-type sound absorption mechanism, and sounds are absorbed with the resonance frequency of the sound absorption mechanism as the peak frequency of the sound absorption coefficient. If this sound absorber is arranged in the sound field, it is possible to absorb sound of a specific frequency and control the acoustic characteristics of the sound field.

JP 2002-268647 A JP 2004-264374 A JP 2006-11412 A

  In the above-described sound absorber, sound is absorbed with the resonance frequency of the spring-mass system as the peak frequency of the sound absorption coefficient. Therefore, when absorbing sound of a specific frequency in a certain sound field, the sound absorption sound is reduced. The sound absorber must be assembled by measuring the frequency and adjusting the tension of the membrane material so as to absorb the sound of the measured frequency. However, measuring the specific frequency of the sound field in this way and assembling the sound absorber in accordance with the specific frequency is very laborious and time consuming. On the other hand, it is also possible to prepare multiple types of sound absorbers with different resonance frequencies, select the sound absorber corresponding to the frequency of the sound to be absorbed, and place it in the sound field. Therefore, in this method, it is necessary to make many kinds of sound absorbers separately, which is costly and troublesome.

  The present invention has been made under the background described above, and an object thereof is to provide a technique capable of absorbing sound corresponding to various sounds.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is formed in a plate shape and is variable in shape, at least a base portion having a plurality of recesses on one surface of the plate shape, and is formed in a film shape in a variable shape. There is provided a sound absorber having a film portion that is in contact with a surface of the base portion where the concave portion is formed and covers the opening portion of the concave portion.

  Further, the present invention is formed in a plate shape and is variable in shape, and has a base portion having a plurality of columnar portions on at least one surface of the plate shape, and is formed in a film shape in a variable shape, and the plurality of columnar portions. A sound absorber having a film portion covering the surface on which the columnar portion of the base is formed.

In the present invention, there may be a filling member through which gas can pass in a space between the base and the membrane.
Moreover, in this invention, the space between the said base and the said film | membrane part may be sealed.

Further, the present invention is formed in a plate shape, has a plurality of concave portions on at least one surface of the plate shape, and a base portion that is internally connected to the plurality of concave portions and has a gas passage through which gas passes, There is provided a sound absorber having a film shape that is variable in shape and has a film portion that is in contact with a surface of the base portion where the concave portion is formed and covers the opening of the concave portion.
In the present invention, the base may be bent.

  Further, the present invention provides the above sound absorber, drive means for deflecting the sound absorber so that the film side is the outer periphery, and control means for adjusting the amount of deflection of the sound absorber by controlling the drive means. A sound absorbing device is provided.

  Further, the present invention provides the sound absorber, a space formed by a wall surface of the space where the sound absorber is installed, a surface of the sound absorber opposite to the film portion, and a gas amount in the space. There is provided a sound absorbing device having control means for adjusting.

  The present invention also provides a sound absorbing device comprising the above sound absorbing body, driving means for expanding and contracting the sound absorbing body, and control means for adjusting the amount of expansion and contraction of the sound absorbing body by controlling the driving means.

  A plate having a plurality of recesses on at least one surface of the plate and having a gas passage connected to the plurality of recesses to allow gas to pass through; A gas absorber formed in contact with the surface of the base portion where the concave portion is formed and covering the opening of the concave portion, and connected to a gas passage included in the sound absorber, and gas in the gas passage A sound absorbing device having a control means for adjusting the amount is provided.

  The present invention also provides a space in which any of the above sound absorbing devices is disposed.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to absorb sound corresponding to various sounds.

FIG. 1 is an external view of a sound absorber 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a side surface of the sound absorber 1. As shown in the figure, the sound absorber 1 is formed of a base portion 10 and a film portion 20.
The base 10 is formed in a plate shape by a material that can be freely bent (curved), and bends and deforms when a force is applied from the outside. Further, the base portion 10 has a plurality of convex portions 11 having a convex cross section and a plurality of concave portions 12 having a concave cross section. In the base part 10, each convex part 11 and each recessed part 12 are extended | stretched in the direction orthogonal to the cross section of each shape. Further, in each of the convex portions 11 and the concave portions 12, the upper side portion 11A of the convex portion 11 and the bottom side portion 12A of the concave portion 12 are both flat.
The film part 20 is formed in a thin film shape, and is formed of a material that expands and contracts when a force is applied from the outside. The film part 20 is bonded in a state where tension is applied to the plurality of upper side parts 11 </ b> A by an adhesive applied to the upper side part 11 </ b> A of the base part 10. Then, an air layer 30 along the convex portion 11 is formed between the film portion 20 and the base portion 10 by the film portion 20 and the concave portion 12. In the present embodiment, the film portion 20 is bonded to the upper side portion 11A in a state where tension is applied, but may be bonded to the upper side portion 11A without applying tension, and the concave portion 12 is formed. It is bonded only to the upper side part 11A at both ends in the direction in which it is arranged, and may not be bonded to the other upper side part 11A. In short, it is only necessary that when the base portion 10 is bent, the tension of the film portion 20 is changed by expanding and contracting as the base portion 10 is bent. Further, in the present embodiment, the film shape is a thin state that can be deformed into an arbitrary surface shape when a force is applied from the outside, although it is not deformed by its own weight when standing on a horizontal plane.

  Next, FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a sound absorbing device 100 using the sound absorbing body 1. In the sound absorbing device 100, the sound absorbing body 1 has one end thereof (the end along the side surface having the convex shape and the concave shape, in which the convex portions 11 and the concave portions 12 are alternately arranged. : End 1A in FIG. 1 is fixed to the end of plate-like member 110 having a rectangular opening, and the other end (end 1B in FIG. 1) is attached to moving member 130. It is fixed.

  The guide rail 150, the lead screw 140, the moving member 130 and the motor 120 are drive mechanisms for deforming the sound absorber 1 and are driven by the control unit 200. The lead screw 140 is a shaft-like member for moving the moving member 130, and a screw thread (not shown) is provided on the peripheral surface thereof. The guide rail 150 is a shaft-shaped member, and is a shaft-shaped member for guiding the moving member 130. The lead screw 140 and the guide rail 150 are supported by an instruction member 160 provided on the plate-like member 110. The motor 120 rotates in response to a signal from the control unit 200 and rotates the lead screw 140.

  The moving member 130 has a cubic shape, and is provided with a hole through which the lead screw 140 passes and a hole through which the guide rail 150 passes. In the hole through which the lead screw 140 passes, a thread that engages with the thread provided on the lead screw 140 is provided. The moving member 130 moves along the guide rail 150 when the lead screw 140 is rotated in a state in which the lead screw 140 and the guide rail 150 are penetrated.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 200 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 210, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 220, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 230, a first button 241 and a second button operated by the user. An operation unit 240 provided with 242 is provided. The ROM 220 stores a control program for controlling the deformation of the sound absorber 1. When the control program is executed by the CPU 210, a function of controlling the deformation amount (deflection amount) of the sound absorber 1 according to the user's operation is realized.

  When the user operates the first button 241 in a state where this function is realized, the rotation of the motor 120 is controlled by the control unit 200, the lead screw 140 rotates, and the moving member 130 moves in the direction of arrow A in FIG. To do. When the moving member 130 moves in the direction of arrow A, for example, from the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 3 to the position shown by the two-dot chain line, the sound absorber 1 fixed to the moving member 130 is shown in FIG. It will bend as shown by the two-dot chain line. When the sound absorber 1 is bent, the surface constituting the outer curved surface of the sound absorber 1 is expanded, the distance between the adjacent upper side portions 11A is increased, and the film portion 20 is pulled and fixed to the upper side portion 11A. The tension applied to the film part 20 increases. In the sound absorbing mechanism using the membrane and the air layer, when the tension applied to the membrane is changed, the resonance frequency changes. Therefore, the moving body 130 is moved in the direction of arrow A to increase the amount of bending of the sound absorbing body 1. When the tension of the portion 20 is increased, the resonance frequency is increased, and a sound different from that when the amount of bending is small is absorbed.

  On the other hand, when the user operates the second button 242, the rotation of the motor 120 is controlled by the control unit 200, the lead screw 140 rotates, and the moving member 130 moves in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 3. When the moving member 130 moves in the arrow B direction, for example, from the position of the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3 to the position of the solid line, the amount of bending of the sound absorber 1 fixed to the moving member 130 decreases. When the amount of bending of the sound absorber 1 is reduced, the distance between the adjacent upper side portions 11A in the sound absorber 1 is reduced, the film portion 20 is contracted, and the tension applied to the film portion 20 fixed to the upper side portion 11A is reduced. . When the moving body 130 is moved in the direction of arrow B to reduce the amount of bending of the sound absorbing body 1 and the tension of the film portion 20 is decreased, the resonance frequency is lowered and a sound different from that when the amount of bending is large is absorbed. Is done.

  If the sound absorbing device 100 according to the present invention is arranged in various rooms such as a concert hall, a movie theater, an audio room, etc., it is possible to absorb sound corresponding to various sounds. Without dividing, sound absorption can be performed corresponding to sounds of various frequencies. The place where the sound absorbing device 100 is disposed is not limited to the room where the music is viewed as described above, and may be disposed inside the vehicle. Further, the sound absorbing device 100 may be arranged in the vicinity of a device that emits a specific frequency.

[Modification]
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, It can implement with another various form. For example, the present invention may be implemented by modifying the above-described embodiment as follows.

In the present invention, the base 10 may be formed of an elastic material or a flexible material.
In the present invention, the upper side portion 11A of the convex portion 11 and the bottom side portion 12A of the concave portion 12 may be curved as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the top of the convex portion 11 may be a flat surface and the bottom of the concave portion 12 may be a curved surface, and the top of the convex portion 11 may be a curved surface and the bottom of the concave portion 12 as shown in FIG. It may be a flat surface. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the side wall portion connecting the upper side portion 11A and the bottom side portion 12A may be perpendicular to the upper side portion 11A and the bottom side portion 12A.
In the present invention, the base 10 may have a shape in which a plurality of upright plate-like members 13 are provided in parallel on a flat plate, as shown in FIG. In this configuration, the film portion 20 is bonded to the end portion of the plate-like member 13.
Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of upright plate-like members 13 may be provided so as to cross the base portion 10, and a plurality of rectangular recesses may be formed in the base portion 10 in a planar shape. . And you may adhere | attach the film | membrane part 20 to the base 10 so that this recessed part may be block | closed.
Further, in the present invention, the base 10 may have a shape having a plurality of columnar columnar portions 14 as shown in FIG. In this configuration, the film part 20 is bonded to the end face of the columnar part 14 and the end face of the plate-like member 13, and the air layer 30 is formed by the film part 20, the base 10 and the plate-like member 13.
In the present invention, a plurality of hemispherical concave portions may be formed in the base portion 10 and the film portion 20 may be bonded to the base portion 10 so as to close the concave portions.

In the above-described embodiment, the air layer 30 formed by the film portion 20 and the recess 12 is open on the side surface of the sound absorber 1, but in the present invention, the air layer 30 is blocked by closing the opening portion. It may be sealed. When the opening is sealed, a resonance system is formed by using the air layer 30 as a spring. When the opening is not blocked, the resonance system is formed only by the film portion 20.
In the present invention, the air layer 30 may be filled with a porous material through which air made of a nonwoven fabric or a collection of fine fibers passes. The member (filler) packed in the air layer 30 may be a member other than a nonwoven fabric or a cotton-like body as long as it is a member that resists air when air passes through the member.
In the present invention, a porous layer 21 of a porous member may be further provided on the surface of the film unit 20 on which sound is incident as shown in FIG.
In the above-described embodiment, the base 10 and the film part 20 are bonded. However, in the present invention, the film part 20 is bonded only at the edge part of the base part 10 and the other part is attached to the film part 20. It is not necessary to bond.

  The method of bending the sound absorber 1 is not limited to the method of the above-described embodiment. For example, the sound absorber 1 may be bent with the configuration shown in FIG. In the configuration shown in FIG. 13, the base portion 10 is made of an elastic material, and the end portions of each side of the film portion 20 of the sound absorber 1 are all fixed to the plate-like member 110. The plate-like member 110 is provided with a hole 111 penetrating the plate-like member 110, and a valve 131 is provided in the vicinity of the opening of the hole 111. The valve 131 is a valve that opens and closes the hole 111 and is driven according to a signal from the control unit 200 to open and close the hole 111. In the plate-like member 110, a pipe 141 is located on the opposite side of the surface on which the sound absorber 1 is attached. In this tube 141, one end is attached to the plate-like member 110 so that the opening of the hole 111 is located inside the inner diameter of the tube 141, and the other end is connected to the pump 121. ing. The pump 121 is a device that exhausts / inhales gas, and exhausts gas into the tube 141 or inhales gas inside the tube 141 in accordance with a signal from the control unit 200.

  In this configuration, when the user operates the first button 241 of the control unit 200, the valve 131 is controlled by the control unit 200 and the hole 111 is opened. Moreover, the pump 121 is controlled by the control unit 200, and the gas is discharged from the pump 121 into the pipe 141. Then, the gas discharged from the pump 121 passes through the pipe 141 and the hole 111 and is sent into a sealed space between the plate-like member 110 and the sound absorber 1. For example, when the sound absorber 1 is in the state indicated by the solid line in FIG. 13, if gas is sent into this space, the sound absorber 1 expands due to the pressure of the gas, and the sound absorber 1 is deformed to deform in FIG. 13. It will bend as shown by the two-dot chain line. When the sound absorber 1 bends, in the sound absorber 1, the distance between the upper side portions 11A increases, the film portion 20 is pulled, the tension applied to the film portion 20 fixed to the upper side portion 11A increases, and the amount of bending is increased. Sounds that are different from when sound is small are absorbed. When the user stops operating the first button 241, the valve 131 is controlled by the control unit 200 to close the hole 111, and the sound absorber 1 is a gas in the space between the plate-like member 110 and the sound absorber 1. The shape is maintained by the pressure of.

On the other hand, when the user operates the second button 242, the valve 131 is controlled by the control unit 200, and the hole 111 is opened. Further, the pump 121 is controlled by the control unit 200, and gas is sucked into the pump 121 from the pipe 141. Then, the gas in the space between the plate member 110 and the sound absorber 1 is sucked into the pump 121 through the pipe 141 and the hole 111. For example, when the sound absorber 1 is in a state indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 13, if the pump 121 sucks gas, the sound absorber 1 contracts and the sound absorber 1 is bent as indicated by a solid line in FIG. 13. The amount decreases. When the amount of flexure of the sound absorber 1 decreases, the distance between the upper side portions 11A in the sound absorber 1 decreases, the tension applied to the film portion 20 fixed to the upper side portion 11A also decreases, and the amount of flexure is large. A sound different from that is absorbed. When the user stops operating the second button 242, the valve 131 is controlled by the control unit 200 to close the hole 111, and the sound absorber 1 is a gas in the space between the plate-like member 110 and the sound absorber 1. The shape is maintained by the pressure of.
As described above, according to this modified example, it is possible to absorb sound corresponding to sounds of various frequencies.

  The method of changing the tension of the film unit 20 is not limited to the method described in the above-described embodiment. For example, the tension of the film unit 20 may be changed using the configuration described below. FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a cross section of a sound absorber 1A according to a modification of the present invention. The base portion 10A is a plate-like member and has a plurality of hemispherical concave portions 12 on one surface side. Further, inside the base portion 10A, a gas passage 40 that is connected to the bottom portions of the plurality of recesses 12 and through which gas passes is provided. Further, in the base portion 10A, the film portion 20 is bonded to the surface on which the concave portion 12 is provided. The hemispherical recess 12 may be a plurality of independently in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 14 or may form a single cavity extending in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. Good.

The gas passage 40 is connected to a pump 121 that exhausts / inhales gas, and the amount of gas in the air layer 30 formed by the recess 12 and the film unit 20 is controlled by the pump 121 and the control unit 200. When the pump 121 discharges air to the gas passage 40, the pressure in the air layer 30 increases and the film unit 20 expands to the opposite side to the recess 12. In the sound absorbing body 1A, the membrane portion 20 is pulled, and the tension applied to the membrane portion 20 increases, so that the resonance frequency increases, and a sound different from that when the tension is low is absorbed.
On the other hand, when the pump 121 sucks air from the gas passage 40, the pressure in the air layer 30 decreases, the tension applied to the film unit 20 decreases until the film unit 20 contracts and the film unit 20 becomes flat. Therefore, the resonance frequency is lowered and a sound different from that when the tension is large is absorbed.
In this modification, air may be sucked from the gas passage 40 by the pump 121 and tension may be applied to the film part 20 so that the film part 20 is pulled toward the concave part 12 side. In this modification, the shape of the recess is not limited to a hemispherical shape, and may be, for example, a cubic shape.
Further, in this modification, the base portion 10A may also be formed of a material having elasticity or a material having flexibility.

Further, when changing the tension of the film part 20, the base 10 may not be deformed, and the tension applied to the film part 20 may be changed by pulling only the film part 20 by the driving mechanism.
Further, when changing the tension of the film part 20, the tension of the film part 20 is changed by extending or contracting the sound absorber 1 in the extending direction of the film part 20 by a drive mechanism, instead of bending the sound absorber 1. May be.

In the configuration according to the present invention, in the configuration in which the air layer 30 is sealed and the tension of the film unit 20 is varied by adjusting the pressure of the air in the air layer 30, the sound absorber 1 is divided into a plurality of regions, The pressure in the air layer 30 may be varied for each region, and the frequency of sound to be absorbed may be varied for each region.
In addition, the sound absorbing device in the present embodiment can be disposed in various acoustic chambers that control acoustic characteristics. Here, the various acoustic rooms include a soundproof room, a hall, a theater, a listening room for audio equipment, a room such as a conference room, a space for various transport equipment such as vehicles, and a housing for speakers and musical instruments.

1 is an external view of a sound absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view of the side surface of the sound absorber. It is the figure which showed the structure of the sound absorbing device which concerns on the same embodiment. It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the control part which concerns on the same embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the side surface of the sound absorber which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the side surface of the sound absorber which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the side surface of the sound absorber which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the side surface of the sound absorber which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the side surface of the sound absorber which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is a perspective view of the base 10 which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is a perspective view of the base 10 which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the side surface of the sound absorber which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the sound absorbing device which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the section of the sound absorber concerning a modification of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sound-absorbing body, 10 ... Base, 11 ... Convex part, 12 ... Concave part, 13 ... Plate-shaped member, 14 ... Columnar part, 20 ... Film part, 21. ..Porous layer, 30 ... air layer, 110 ... plate member, 111 ... hole, 120 ... motor, 121 ... pump, 130 ... moving member, 131 ... Valve, 140 ... lead screw, 150 ... guide rail, 160 ... support member, 200 ... control unit, 210 ... CPU, 220 ... ROM, 230 ... RAM, 240 ..Operation unit, 241 ... first button, 242 ... second button

Claims (11)

A base that is formed in a plate shape and is variable in shape, and has a plurality of concave portions on at least one surface of the plate shape;
A sound absorber having a film shape that is variable in shape and is in contact with a surface on which the concave portion of the base is formed and covers the opening of the concave portion. A base portion that is formed in a plate shape and is variable in shape, and has a plurality of columnar portions on at least one surface of the plate shape; and
A sound absorber having a film shape that is variable in shape and formed in a film shape and covers a surface on which the columnar portions of the base are formed in contact with the plurality of columnar portions. The sound absorber according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a filling member through which gas can pass in a space between the base portion and the film portion.   The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a space between the base portion and the film portion is sealed. A base having a plurality of recesses on at least one plate-like surface, and a gas passage connected to the plurality of recesses and through which gas passes;
A sound absorber having a film shape that is variable in shape and is in contact with a surface on which the concave portion of the base is formed and covers the opening of the concave portion.   The sound absorber according to claim 1, wherein the base portion is bent. A sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Driving means for bending the sound absorber so that the film side becomes the outer periphery;
A sound-absorbing device comprising: control means for controlling the driving means to adjust the amount of bending of the sound-absorbing body. A sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A space formed by a wall surface of the space in which the sound absorber is installed and a surface of the sound absorber opposite to the film portion;
A sound-absorbing device comprising: control means for adjusting an amount of gas in the space. A sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Driving means for expanding and contracting the sound absorber;
And a control means for adjusting the expansion / contraction amount of the sound absorber by controlling the driving means. A sound absorber according to claim 5;
A sound absorbing device connected to a gas passage of the sound absorbing body and having a control means for adjusting the amount of gas in the gas passage.   A space in which the sound absorbing device according to any one of claims 7 to 10 is disposed.

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