JP2009082120A - Method for decreasing photorespiration, and increasing carbon fix rate of photosynthesis - Google Patents
Method for decreasing photorespiration, and increasing carbon fix rate of photosynthesis Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009082120A JP2009082120A JP2007280964A JP2007280964A JP2009082120A JP 2009082120 A JP2009082120 A JP 2009082120A JP 2007280964 A JP2007280964 A JP 2007280964A JP 2007280964 A JP2007280964 A JP 2007280964A JP 2009082120 A JP2009082120 A JP 2009082120A
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- photorespiration
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- 230000005097 photorespiration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- ACFIXJIJDZMPPO-NNYOXOHSSA-N NADPH Chemical compound C1=CCC(C(=O)N)=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)O)O1 ACFIXJIJDZMPPO-NNYOXOHSSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- YAHZABJORDUQGO-NQXXGFSBSA-N D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(=O)COP(O)(O)=O YAHZABJORDUQGO-NQXXGFSBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004020 Oxygenases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000417 Oxygenases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 methane gas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010627 oxidative phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006670 oxygenase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、光呼吸の低減と光合成の炭素固定率の増大方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for reducing photorespiration and increasing the carbon fixation rate of photosynthesis.
光呼吸とは植物が光照射下において通常の呼吸（酸化的リン酸化）と異なる方法で酸素を消費し二酸化炭素を生成することである。 Photorespiration means that plants consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide under light irradiation in a manner different from normal respiration (oxidative phosphorylation).
光呼吸は、低酸素下では二酸化炭素の放出は減少し、光呼吸は減少する。また高い二酸化炭素下では光合成による炭素固定の効率が良くなる。 Photobreathing reduces the release of carbon dioxide and hypoxia under hypoxia. In addition, the efficiency of carbon fixation by photosynthesis is improved under high carbon dioxide.
なお本発明に関する公知技術として次の非特許文献２を、挙げることが出来る。 In addition, the following nonpatent literature 2 can be mentioned as a well-known technique regarding this invention.
光呼吸は光合成の明反応で生じるＡＴＰとＮＡＤＰＨの一部を無駄に消費しているので、光呼吸は全く物質生産には貢献しない。Ｃ３植物は特に顕著で光合成は２０％〜５０％程度も阻害されているといわれる。光呼吸は光合成による生産性を低減させている。 Since photorespiration consumes part of ATP and NADPH generated by the light reaction of photosynthesis, photorespiration does not contribute to substance production at all. C3 plants are particularly prominent, and photosynthesis is said to be inhibited by about 20% to 50%. Photorespiration reduces the productivity of photosynthesis.
植物は古生代（シルル紀）に、地球大気組成の酸素が減少する中で誕生し、古生代に低い酸素（推定２％）、高い二酸化炭素（推定０．２％）下で最大の生物量となった。その後の地球環境の変化により、現在の大気組成は高い酸素（２１％）、低い二酸化炭素（０．０４％）下にある。なぜ光呼吸が存在するのか、進化の歴史上において、地球環境の変化（白亜紀からの高い酸素組成）に対応する何らかの必要性があり、生物学的な意味があるという考え方もある。光呼吸を必要とする現在の大気組成は、必ずしも植物の好適環境ではない。 Plants were born in the Paleozoic (Silurian) in the midst of a decrease in oxygen in the Earth's atmospheric composition. It was. Due to subsequent changes in the global environment, the current atmospheric composition is under high oxygen (21%) and low carbon dioxide (0.04%). There is also the notion that photorespiration exists, and that there is some need to deal with changes in the global environment (high oxygen composition from the Cretaceous) in the history of evolution, and there is also a biological significance. The current atmospheric composition that requires light respiration is not necessarily the preferred environment for plants.
上述の課題を解決する為、本発明は、現在の地球大気組成と区分される空間内の大気組成を植物が誕生し大繁茂した古生代の大気組成である低い酸素、高い二酸化炭素状態を作り出し、光呼吸を低減し、光合成による炭素固定率を増大させる。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention creates a low oxygen, high carbon dioxide state, which is an atmospheric composition of the Paleozoic period in which plants were born and prospered in the atmospheric composition in the space separated from the current global atmospheric composition, Reduce photorespiration and increase carbon fixation by photosynthesis.
古生代の大気組成である低い酸素、高い二酸化炭素状態を作り出す方法として、現在の地球大気組成と区分された空間内で炭化水素等を燃焼（酸化）させる。例えばメタンガス（ＣＨ４）を燃焼（酸化）させると酸素（Ｏ２）が消費され二酸化炭素（ＣＯ２）が発生する。これにより低い酸素、高い二酸化炭素状態を作り出す。As a method of creating low oxygen and high carbon dioxide states that are Paleozoic atmospheric compositions, hydrocarbons and the like are burned (oxidized) in a space separated from the current global atmospheric composition. For example, when methane gas (CH 4 ) is burned (oxidized), oxygen (O 2 ) is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is generated. This creates a low oxygen, high carbon dioxide state.
メタンガス等の炭化水素は石油、天然ガス等の地下資源や有機物のメタン生成菌等による発酵による。 Hydrocarbons such as methane gas are produced by fermentation using petroleum, natural gas and other underground resources, and organic methanogens.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、低い酸素、高い二酸化炭素状態の大気組成において、光呼吸の低減、光合成の炭素固定の増大が見られる。それにより植物の物質生産量が増える。またメタンガスを二酸化炭素に変換し、植物に固定することにより、温暖化ガスの低減ともなる。 As described above, according to the present invention, a reduction in photorespiration and an increase in carbon fixation during photosynthesis are observed in the atmospheric composition of low oxygen and high carbon dioxide. This increases plant material production. In addition, by converting methane gas to carbon dioxide and fixing it to plants, it also reduces greenhouse gases.
本発明は、現在の地球大気組成と区分された空間である低い酸素、高い二酸化炭素状態を作り出すことにより上述の効果を発揮させる方法であり、様々な形態が考えられる。メタンガス等の炭化水素を様々な燃焼（酸化）方法、器具を用いる方法等がある。 The present invention is a method for producing the above effects by creating a low oxygen and high carbon dioxide state, which is a space separated from the current global atmospheric composition, and various forms are conceivable. There are various combustion (oxidation) methods for hydrocarbons such as methane gas, and methods using equipment.
施設園芸などの農業分野での利用が考えられる。 It can be used in the field of agriculture such as institutional horticulture.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007280964A JP2009082120A (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2007-10-01 | Method for decreasing photorespiration, and increasing carbon fix rate of photosynthesis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2007280964A JP2009082120A (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2007-10-01 | Method for decreasing photorespiration, and increasing carbon fix rate of photosynthesis |
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| JP2009082120A true JP2009082120A (en) | 2009-04-23 |
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| JP2007280964A Pending JP2009082120A (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2007-10-01 | Method for decreasing photorespiration, and increasing carbon fix rate of photosynthesis |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110628810A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-12-31 | 浙江大学 | Method for improving plant photosynthetic efficiency |
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- 2007-10-01 JP JP2007280964A patent/JP2009082120A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110628810A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-12-31 | 浙江大学 | Method for improving plant photosynthetic efficiency |
| CN110628810B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2022-06-28 | 浙江大学 | A kind of method to improve plant photosynthetic efficiency |
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