JP2009026605A - 燃料電池システム及び移動体 - Google Patents
燃料電池システム及び移動体 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 100
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 54
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 54
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
- B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/34—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/60—Navigation input
- B60L2240/66—Ambient conditions
- B60L2240/662—Temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
【解決手段】燃料電池2と、燃料電池2に燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給系22と、燃料電池2に酸化ガスを供給する酸化ガス供給系11と、を備えた燃料電池システム1であって、燃料電池システム1の運転終了処理の開始時に、燃料電池2に供給する燃料ガスの流量を、燃料電池システム1の温度環境に基づいて決定される所定量だけ増加させる。
【選択図】図3
Description
1.本発明の実施の形態にかかる燃料電池システムの全体構成
2.本発明の実施の形態にかかる燃料電池システムの運転終了処理
3.本発明の実施の形態にかかる燃料電池システムの変形例
尚、各図面において、同一の部品には同一の符号を付している。
本実施形態においては、本発明を燃料電池車両(移動体)の車載発電システムに適用した例について説明することとする。
続いて、燃料電池システム1の運転を終了し発電を停止させる際の動作(以下、単に「運転終了処理」という)を説明する。
がなされることで開始される。この指令は、例えば車両の運転手によるイグニッションスイッチのOFF操作等によってなされる。制御部7は、この運転終了指令が制御部7に入力されたか否かを判断(S1)し、入力されたと判断した場合(S1:YES)運転終了処理を開始する。運転終了指令が入力されていないと判断した場合は(S1:NO)、制御部7は、通常運転を継続させる。
以上本発明の実施形態を示したが、本発明はこの実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において様々な態様での実施が可能である。例えば以下のような変形例が可能である。
11……空気供給流路(酸化ガス供給系)
12……排気流路
13……フィルタ
14……コンプレッサ
15……加湿器
16……背圧調整弁
2 ……燃料電池
21……水素供給源
22……水素供給流路(燃料ガス供給系)
23……循環流路
24……水素ポンプ
25……排気排水流路
26……遮断弁
27……レギュレータ
28……インジェクタ
3 ……酸化ガス配管系
30……気液分離器
31……排気排水弁
4 ……燃料ガス配管系
41……冷媒流路
42……冷却ポンプ
5 ……冷媒配管系
6 ……電力系
61……DC/DCコンバータ
62……バッテリ
63……トラクションインバータ
64……トラクションモータ
7 ……制御部
Claims (6)
- 燃料電池と、前記燃料電池に燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給系と、前記燃料電池に酸化ガスを供給する酸化ガス供給系と、を備えた燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃料電池システムの運転終了処理の開始時に、前記燃料電池に供給する燃料ガスの流量を、燃料電池システムの温度環境に基づいて決定される所定量だけ増加させる燃料電池システム。 - 前記温度環境が所定温度以下である場合、前記所定量は少なくとも、運転終了処理の終了時に前記燃料電池内に燃料ガスを残留させるのに必要な第1の燃料ガス流量と、運転終了処理中に燃料電池内の水分を外部に排出させるのに必要な第2の燃料ガス流量との合算値に基づいて決定される請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記所定量は、前記第1および前記第2の燃料ガス流量に、運転終了処理時の機器の動作に必要な電流を燃料電池が運転終了処理中に出力するために必要な第3の燃料ガス流量をさらに加えた合算値に基づいて決定される請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記温度環境が所定温度より高い場合、前記所定量は、前記第1の燃料ガス流量に基づいて決定される請求項2または請求項3に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料ガス供給系に設けられたインジェクタにより前記燃料ガスの供給圧力を増加させることで、前記燃料ガスの流量を増加させる請求項1から請求項4に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 請求項1から請求項5に記載の燃料電池システムを備えた移動体。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007188529A JP4993293B2 (ja) | 2007-07-19 | 2007-07-19 | 燃料電池システム及び移動体 |
CN2008800252927A CN101755357B (zh) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-08 | 燃料电池系统及移动体 |
US12/669,627 US8192884B2 (en) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-08 | Fuel cell system and mobile object |
DE112008001877.4T DE112008001877B4 (de) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-08 | Brennstoffzellensystem und dessen Verwendung |
PCT/JP2008/062657 WO2009011324A1 (ja) | 2007-07-19 | 2008-07-08 | 燃料電池システム及び移動体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP2007188529A JP4993293B2 (ja) | 2007-07-19 | 2007-07-19 | 燃料電池システム及び移動体 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2009026605A true JP2009026605A (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
JP4993293B2 JP4993293B2 (ja) | 2012-08-08 |
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JP2007188529A Active JP4993293B2 (ja) | 2007-07-19 | 2007-07-19 | 燃料電池システム及び移動体 |
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Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8192884B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4993293B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101755357B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112008001877B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009011324A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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JP2014026914A (ja) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-02-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの停止制御方法 |
WO2014104057A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-03 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 調圧装置及び燃料電池システム |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2013545649A (ja) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-12-26 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | 航空機燃料電池システム |
EP2530780B1 (fr) * | 2011-06-01 | 2015-03-11 | Belenos Clean Power Holding AG | Procédé de gestion du fonctionnement d'un système hybride |
FI125987B (fi) * | 2011-06-30 | 2016-05-13 | Convion Oy | Menetelmä ja järjestely suojakaasujen tarpeen minimoimiseksi |
CN102522582B (zh) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-06-18 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | 一种车载燃料电池发电系统的关机吹扫系统和吹扫方法 |
JP5591854B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-19 | 2014-09-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 移動体及びその燃料充填システム |
US8948947B2 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2015-02-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Moving body |
KR101592736B1 (ko) | 2014-07-15 | 2016-02-15 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료 전지 시스템의 운전 제어 방법 |
JP6102893B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-03-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池搭載車両 |
WO2017104213A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
CN110112438A (zh) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-09 | 浙江泓林新能源科技有限公司 | 一种燃料电池喷轨减压控制方法 |
CN111224134A (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-06-02 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | 燃料电池开关机保护方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质 |
KR20210143357A (ko) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-11-29 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지의 응축수 배출 제어시스템 및 제어방법 |
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JP2014026914A (ja) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-02-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システムの停止制御方法 |
WO2014104057A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-03 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 調圧装置及び燃料電池システム |
JP2014126198A (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-07 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 調圧装置及び燃料電池システム |
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CN101755357A (zh) | 2010-06-23 |
CN101755357B (zh) | 2013-03-20 |
US20100203411A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
WO2009011324A1 (ja) | 2009-01-22 |
JP4993293B2 (ja) | 2012-08-08 |
US8192884B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 |
DE112008001877B4 (de) | 2014-10-09 |
DE112008001877T5 (de) | 2010-07-15 |
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