JP2008093808A - lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

A spindle moving type automatic lathe capable of driving a plurality of blade devices with a simple configuration and control is provided.
An automatic lathe moves in a Y-axis direction, that is, a vertical direction, a main shaft 30 that moves in the Z-axis direction and moves in the Z-axis direction and transports a workpiece W, a Y slide 70, and a Y slide. A Y-axis motor 72 to be moved, a turret device 50 disposed on a Y slide 70 and attached with a plurality of tools for machining a workpiece, and a comb-tooth cutter device 60 are configured. As the Y slide 70 moves, the turret device 50 and the comb blade device 60 move together. The turret device 50 and the comb blade device 60 move independently in the X direction. During the processing of the workpiece by the comb-tooth blade device 60, the turret device 50 preliminarily calculates a tool to be used in the next step. The automatic lathe can also use the turret device 50 and the comb blade device 60 simultaneously to process a workpiece.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a spindle movement type automatic lathe, and more particularly to a spindle movement type automatic lathe provided with a plurality of blade devices.

2. Description of the Related Art A spindle-moving automatic lathe in which a spindle that grips a material gives rotational driving to the material and moves in a machining axis direction on a bed is widely used as a machining apparatus.
This type of spindle-moving automatic lathe is responsible for feeding the material in the machining axis direction, while the tool takes care of the feed in the cutting direction. As a result of the spindle performing everything from gripping to feeding the material when machining a large number of workpieces continuously, efficient continuous machining becomes possible.

  Of the main spindle moving type lathes, the turret type need not move the tool in the direction of the machining axis on the bed. For this reason, the turret provided with a large number of tools can be firmly positioned and held. Therefore, the vibration etc. at the time of the process seen in a tool movement type | mold can be suppressed.

Furthermore, in order to increase the processing capability, there are some in which two or more turrets are arranged.
For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a spindle moving type automatic lathe in which two turrets are arranged. Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a spindle moving type automatic lathe in which two comb tooth turrets are arranged.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-16804 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-47936 JP 2005-88142 A

  The spindle movement type automatic lathe disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not have a function of moving both turrets in the Y-axis direction, and is often inconvenient in processing. In the spindle moving type automatic lathe disclosed in Patent Document 2, one of the two turrets has a function of moving in the Y-axis direction, while the other has no function of moving in the Y-axis direction.

  Moreover, in the spindle moving type automatic lathe disclosed in Patent Document 3, two comb tooth turrets share the Y axis. For this reason, when a certain tool is indexed to a processing point, both tool rests simultaneously index in the same direction, so there are processing restrictions. Further, during machining with one tool post, the opposite tool is indexed with the other tool post, and the tool cannot be indexed freely. For this reason, there is a restriction in that a tool to be used next is indexed and prepared during processing with another cutter during processing with a certain cutter or with a certain cutter.

  In order to solve such problems, it is also possible to provide a Y-axis movement function for each of the two tool rests. However, simply disposing the Y-axis movement function on the two tool rests makes the structure complicated, the apparatus becomes larger, the control becomes complicated, and the cost increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spindle movement type automatic lathe capable of driving a plurality of blade devices with a simple configuration and control.

In order to achieve the above object, a lathe according to the present invention provides:
A spindle whose axis is oriented in the Z-axis direction;
Spindle moving means for moving the spindle in the Z-axis direction;
A support member;
Y-axis direction moving means for moving the support member in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction;
A plurality of blade devices arranged on the support member, including at least one turret, to which a plurality of tools for processing a workpiece held on the spindle are attached;
X-axis direction moving means for independently moving the plurality of blade devices in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction;
It is characterized by providing.

  For example, the plurality of blade devices are constituted by a turret device and a comb blade device that are arranged with the axis of the main shaft interposed therebetween. In this case, an indexing means for indexing the next tool to be used by the turret device may be provided while the workpiece is being processed by the comb tooth blade device.

  For example, the plurality of blade devices are configured by a plurality of turret devices arranged with the axis of the main shaft interposed therebetween. In this case, an indexing means for indexing a tool to be used next in the other turret device while the workpiece is processed by the one turret device may be provided.

  You may provide the 2nd main axis | shaft which an axial center turns to the said Z-axis direction, and is directed with the said main axis, and the 2nd main axis | shaft moving means to move the said 2nd main axis | shaft to the said Z-axis direction. Furthermore, a means for moving the second main axis in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction may be provided.

  According to the present invention, since the plurality of blade devices are arranged on the support member, the movement in the Y-axis direction can be performed collectively, and the configuration of the moving mechanism in the Y-axis direction can be simplified. In addition, since each of the workpieces can be moved in the X-axis direction, various processing can be performed on the workpiece. Further, since the turret is included, it is possible to determine the next tool to be used when the turret is in an empty state, and the cycle time can be shortened.

  FIG. 1 is a front view of a spindle moving automatic lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the spindle moving type automatic lathe shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the turret device and the comb blade device in FIG. 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spindle moving type automatic lathe includes a bed 10, a spindle 30 that grips a workpiece W, a direction spindle 40, a turret device 50, a comb blade device 60, and a Y slide. 70 and a control unit 80.

  The main shaft 30 holds and rotates the workpiece W. The main shaft 30 includes a chuck 36 that grips a workpiece. A spindle stock 31 that supports the spindle 30 is placed on a pedestal 32. The pedestal 32 is disposed on the bed 10 and formed with rails 33 and 34 extending in the Z1 axis direction. The headstock 31 is mounted on rails 33 and 34, and is configured to reciprocate in the Z1 axis direction along the rails 33 and 34 by driving a Z1 axis motor 35 (Z1 axis A mechanism for reciprocating the headstock 31 by rotation of the motor 35 is connected (the same applies hereinafter). The spindle stock 31 has a built-in motor for rotating the workpiece. The spindle 30 is formed with a hole through which the workpiece W passes. The workpiece W is rotated (chucked) by the chuck 36 provided on the spindle 30 and is further reciprocated in the axial direction. Let

  The opposing main shaft 40 is disposed so as to face the main shaft 30, holds the workpiece W with a chuck 58 provided on the main shaft 40, and rotates as necessary. An opposing spindle stock 41 that supports the opposing spindle 40 is placed on a pedestal 42. The pedestal 42 is formed with rails 43 and 44 extending in the Z2 axis direction parallel to the Z1 axis. The counter spindle stock 41 is mounted on rails 43 and 44, and is configured to reciprocate in the Z2 axis direction along the rails 43 and 44 by a Z2 axis motor 45.

  Further, the pedestal 42 is placed on the pedestal 46. The pedestal 46 is disposed on the bed 10 and formed with rails 47 and 48 extending in the X3 axis direction perpendicular to the Z2 axis. The pedestal 42 is mounted on rails 47 and 48, and is configured to reciprocate in the X3 axis direction along the rails 47 and 48 by the X3 axis motor 49.

  Due to the functions and configurations of the pedestals 42 and 46, the opposed main shaft 40 is configured to be reciprocally movable in the Z2 axis and X3 axis directions.

  The counter spindle stock 41 has a built-in motor for rotating the workpiece. The counter spindle 40 is formed with a hole through which the workpiece W passes. The workpiece W is rotated (chucked) by the chuck 58 provided in the counter spindle 40, and further, the counter spindle 40 is rotated in the axial direction. Move back and forth.

  Note that the same workpiece W can be gripped by the main shaft 30 and the opposed main shaft 40 by adjusting the position of the opposed main shaft 40 in the X3 axis direction so that the main shaft 30 and the opposed main shaft 40 are opposed to each other.

The Y slide 70 is placed on a frame 71 fixed to the bed 10. The Y slide 70 supports a plurality of blade devices for workpiece processing, and can be reciprocated (slided) in the Y axis direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to the Z1, Z2 and X3 axes by the rotation of the Y axis motor 72. It is configured. The Y slide 70 is formed with a through hole for allowing the work W to pass therethrough.
Further, a guide bush 73 for supporting the workpiece W is disposed in the vicinity of the Y slide 70 and in the vicinity of the processing position of the workpiece W.

  A turret device 50 and a comb blade device 60 are disposed on the Y slide 70 as opposed to each other across the axis of the main shaft 30 as a blade device.

  The turret device 50 includes a turret tool post 51. The turret tool post 51 is disposed on a rail that extends in the horizontal direction of the Y slide 70 and is disposed so as to be reciprocally movable in the X1 axis direction (horizontal direction) parallel to the X3 axis. A turret device 50 is disposed on the turret tool post 51. The turret device 50 holds a plurality of tools 52 and 53 for processing the workpiece W, and includes a turret 54 as shown in FIG. Tools 52 and 53 are attached to the turret 54, and the tools 52 and 53 corresponding to the rotation angle of the turret 54 are determined (selected).

  An X1-axis motor 55 is disposed on the Y slide 70. The X1-axis motor 55 is configured to reciprocate the turret tool post 51 in the X1-axis direction by its rotation. Further, a turret indexing motor 56 and a tool driving motor 57 are arranged on the turret tool post 51. The turret indexing motor 56 is configured to rotate the turret 54 and index desired tools 52 and 53 to the machining position. The tool drive motor 57 is configured to rotationally drive the tool when the indexed position tool is a rotary tool (drill or the like) 53.

The comb tooth tool device 60 includes a comb tooth tool base 61 and tools 62 and 63 arranged in a comb tooth shape on the comb tooth tool base 61.
The comb-tooth tool rest 61 is disposed on a rail that extends in the horizontal direction of the Y slide 70, and is disposed so as to be capable of reciprocating in the X2 axis direction (horizontal direction) parallel to the X1 axis. A plurality of tools 62 and 63 for processing the workpiece W are attached to the comb-tooth tool rest 61, and the tools 62 and 63 facing the workpiece W are selected according to the position of the Y slide 70.

  An X2 axis motor 64 is disposed on the Y slide 70, and a tool driving motor 65 is disposed on the comb tooth turret 61. The X2-axis motor 64 is configured to reciprocate the comb-tooth tool post 61 in the X2-axis direction by its rotation. The tool drive motor 65 is configured to rotationally drive the tool when the indexed position tool is a rotating tool (such as a drill) 63.

  The control unit 80 includes an input unit, a processor, a storage unit, and the like, and controls the overall operation of the spindle movement type automatic lathe according to a preset control sequence or the like.

  For example, the control unit 80 performs numerical control to i) gripping the workpiece W by the main shaft 30 and the opposed main shaft 40, and ii) driving the Z1-axis motor 35 and the Z2-axis motor 45 in the Z1 axis direction of the main shaft 30 and the opposed main shaft 40. And movement in the Z2 axis direction (movement of the workpiece W in the axial direction), iii) movement of the opposed main shaft 40 in the X3 axis direction by driving the X3 axis motor 49, iv) turret device 50 and comb teeth by the Y axis motor 72 The movement of the blade device 60 in the Y-axis direction (vertical direction), v) the X1-axis direction (horizontal direction) of the turret device 50 by the X1-axis motor 55 and the X2-axis motor 64, and the X2-axis direction (horizontal direction) of the comb blade device 60 Vi) Control of the turret indexing (tool selection) by driving the turret indexing motor 56, vii) Driving of the rotary tool by driving of the tool driving motors 57 and 65, etc. .

The basic operation of this spindle movement type automatic lathe is the same as that of a normal spindle movement type automatic lathe.
However, the feed mechanism in the Y-axis direction of the turret device 50 and the comb blade device 60 is common. For this reason, the control part 80 adjusts the position of the Y-axis direction of the turret apparatus 50 and the comb-toothed blade apparatus 60 whole so that the tool to be used can be indexed with respect to the workpiece | work W. FIG.

Next, characteristic operations of this spindle movement type automatic lathe will be described while explaining machining examples.
First, for example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the workpiece W is held and fixed to the main shaft 30 or the opposed main shaft 40. Subsequently, the distance between the rotary tool 53 of the turret device 50 and the rotary tool 63 of the comb blade device 60 is adjusted by the X1 axis motor 55 and the X2 axis motor 64 so as to be smaller than the diameter of the workpiece W. Subsequently, in a state where both tools are rotationally driven by the tool drive motors 57 and 65, the Y-axis motor 72 is driven and the rotary tools 53 and 63 are moved to cut both ends of the workpiece W in parallel. Is possible. In this case, it is necessary to arrange the rotary tool 63 of the comb-toothed blade device 60 at a position substantially corresponding to the indexing position of the turret device 50.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the workpiece W is gripped and fixed to the main shaft 30 or the opposed main shaft 40. Subsequently, the drill (rotary tool) 53 of the turret device 50 is indexed, and the Y-axis direction position of the drill 53 and the drill (rotary tool) 63 of the comb blade device 60 is set to a position facing the workpiece W by the Y-axis motor 72. adjust. Subsequently, the rotary tools 53 and 63 are rotationally driven by the tool drive motors 57 and 65, and the rotary tools 53 and 63 are advanced by the X1-axis motor 55 and the X2-axis motor 64. Thereby, the workpiece | work W can be punched from both sides. In this case, it is necessary to arrange the rotary tool 63 of the comb-toothed blade device 60 at a position substantially corresponding to the indexing position of the turret device 50.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, the cutting tool 52 is indexed by the turret device 50, and the positions of the indexed cutting tool 52 and the opposing cutting tool 62 of the comb blade device 60 are set to the X1 axis motor 55 and the X2 axis. Adjustment is performed by the motor 64. Subsequently, the work W is gripped and rotated by the main spindle 30 or the opposed main spindle 40, and the work W is moved by the Z1 axis motor 35 or the Z2 axis motor 45. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece | work W to which the cutting tools 52 and 62 move is cut. Thereby, for example, roughing is performed with the cutting tool 52 or 62 of one tool post, and simultaneously finishing is performed with the cutting tool 62 or 52 of the other tool post, so that the outer diameter of the workpiece W can be set to a desired diameter.

  4C, the cutting tools 52 and 62 are mounted on both the turret device 50 and the comb blade device 60. For example, as shown in FIG. The jig J that prevents the workpiece W from being shaken by the cutting resistance may be mounted, the jig J may be brought into contact with the workpiece W, and processing may be performed with the cutting tool 52 or 62 mounted on the other blade device.

  In the example of FIGS. 4A to 4D, the workpiece W is processed using the tools mounted on both the blade apparatuses 50 and 60 at the same time. For example, any of the tools of the blade apparatuses 50 and 60 is used. On the other hand, you may make it process. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, while the workpiece W is being processed by the comb blade device 60, the turret device 50 can prepare for the next processing.

  For example, from the initial state shown in FIG. 5A, the Y-axis motor 72 is controlled to move the comb-tooth tool table 61 in the vertical direction, the cutting tool 62a is indexed, and the X2-axis motor 64 is driven to set the comb-tooth knife. It is assumed that the stage 61 is moved in the X2 axis direction and machining is started with the cutting tool 62a as shown in FIG. During this time, the control unit 80 discriminates a tool to be used in the next processing, and when this is a tool attached to the turret device 50, the turret indexing motor 56 is driven to move the turret 54 of the turret device 50. As shown in FIG. 5C, an appropriate tool (rotary tool 53 in the figure) is selected in advance. When the machining by the cutting tool 62a is completed, the control unit 80 drives the X2-axis motor 64 to move the comb-tooth tool table 61 to the origin position as shown in FIG. The main shaft 30 or the opposed main shaft 40 that holds the workpiece is moved to the machining position, and the X1-axis motor 55 is driven to move the rotary tool 53 that has been indexed in advance to the machining position. Subsequently, the rotation of the rotary tool 53 is started and the workpiece W is moved in the axial direction so as to come into contact with the rotary tool 53.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the main spindle movement type automatic lathe including the turret device 50 and the comb blade device 60, the turret device 50 and the comb blade device 60 have a common movement mechanism in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the device configuration of the Y-axis moving mechanism including one Y-axis motor 72 can be simplified, and the manufacture is facilitated.

  In addition, since one of the two blade devices is a turret device, the turret 54 of the turret device 50 is rotated and used in the next processing while the workpiece W is processed by the comb blade device 60. The tool to be indexed can be indexed (selected), and the cycle time can be shortened.

  In addition, since the X1 axis of the turret device 50 and the X2 axis of the comb tooth blade device 60 can be controlled independently, the tool mounted on the turret device 50 and the tool mounted on the comb tooth blade device 60 are parallel. Thus, the workpiece W can be machined.

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment, one of the two blade devices is a turret device and the other is a comb-tooth blade device. However, for example, both of the two blade devices may be a turret device.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a spindle movement type automatic lathe in which two blade devices are both turret devices will be described with reference to FIGS.

The basic configuration of the spindle movement type automatic lathe of this embodiment is the same as that of the spindle movement type automatic lathe shown in FIG.
However, it replaces with the comb-toothed blade apparatus 60 of 1st Embodiment, and the turret apparatus 90 is arrange | positioned.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the Y slide 70 has a turret tool post (X1 axis slide) 51 for moving the turret device 50 in the X1 axis direction and a turret device 90 for moving in the X2 axis direction. The turret tool post (X2 axis slide) 91 is arranged side by side.

  The turret tool post 91 is disposed on a rail that extends in the horizontal direction of the Y slide 70 and is movably disposed in the X2 axis direction (horizontal direction). A turret device 90 is disposed on the turret tool post 91. The turret device 90 holds a plurality of tools 92 to 94 that process the workpiece W, and includes a turret 95. Tools 92 to 94 are attached to the turret 95, and any tool corresponding to the rotation angle of the turret 95 is selected.

  The turret tool post 91 is provided with an X2-axis motor 96, a turret indexing motor 97, and a tool driving motor 98.

  The X2-axis motor 96 moves the turret tool post 91 in the X2-axis direction by its rotation. The turret indexing motor 97 rotates the turret 95 to index desired tools 92 to 94 to the machining positions. The tool drive motor 98 rotates the tool when the index position tool is a rotary tool (drill or the like) 93, 94.

  In the spindle moving type automatic lathe having such a configuration, the control unit 80, for example, by numerical control, i) grips the workpiece W by the spindle 30 and the opposed spindle 40, and ii) drives the Z1-axis motor 35 and the Z2-axis motor 45. Movement of the main spindle 30 and the counter main axis 40 in the Z1 and Z2 axis directions (movement of the workpiece W in the axial direction), iii) movement of the counter main axis 40 in the X3 axis direction by driving the X3 axis motor 49, iv) Movement of the turret devices 50 and 90 in the Y-axis direction (vertical direction) by the Y-axis motor 72; v) X1-axis direction (horizontal direction) of the turret device 50 by the X1-axis motor 55 and X2-axis motor 96 and the turret device 90. X2 axis direction (movement in the horizontal direction), vi) Turret indexing by driving the turret indexing motors 56, 97 (tool selection), vii) Tool driving motors 57 and 98 Driving of the rotary tool by movement, controls and the like.

According to this configuration, while processing with the tool of the turret device 50, the tool used in the next process can be determined by the turret device 90, and processing is performed with the tool of the turret device 90. In the meantime, the tool used in the next process can be determined by the turret device 50, and the cycle time can be shortened.
Further, similarly to the automatic lathe according to the first embodiment, various kinds of machining such as the machining method illustrated with reference to FIG. 4 can be performed on the workpiece.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible. Examples of such modifications include the following.

  (I) In the above-described embodiment, the X1, X2 axis direction, the Z1, Z2 axis direction, and the Y axis direction are assumed to be perpendicular to each other, but need not be perpendicular if the directions are different.

  (Ii) In the above embodiment, the X1 axis direction and the X2 axis direction are parallel and the Z1 axis direction and the Z2 axis direction are parallel, but they may not be parallel.

  (Iii) The number of tool rests arranged on the Y slide is not limited to two, and may be three or more.

1 is a front view of a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a plan view of a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the turret apparatus and comb-toothed knife apparatus in FIG. (A)-(d) is a figure which shows the example of a process. (A)-(d) is a figure which shows the example of the process sequence by a turret apparatus and a comb-toothed knife apparatus. It is a front view of the lathe which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the lathe concerning 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the two turret apparatuses in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10 bed 30 spindle 31 spindle base 32 pedestal 33, 34 rail 35 Z1-axis motor 36 chuck 40 counter spindle 41 counter spindle 42 pedestal 43, 44 rail 45 Z2-axis motor 50 turret device 51 turret tool post 52 cutting tool 53 rotating tool 54 Turret 55 X1-axis motor 56 Turret index motor 57 Tool drive motor 58 Chuck 60 Comb blade device 61 Comb blade table 62 Cutting tool 63 Rotary tool 64 X2 axis motor 65 Tool drive motor 70 Y slide 71 Frame 72 Y axis motor 73 Guide Bush 80 Control unit 90 Turret device 91 Turret tool post 92 Cutting tool 93, 94 Rotary tool 95 Turret 96 X2 axis motor 97 Turret indexing motor 98 Tool drive motor

Claims (6)

A spindle whose axis is oriented in the Z-axis direction;
Spindle moving means for moving the spindle in the Z-axis direction;
A support member;
Y-axis direction moving means for moving the support member in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction;
A plurality of blade devices arranged on the support member, including at least one turret, to which a plurality of tools for processing a workpiece held on the spindle are attached;
X-axis direction moving means for independently moving the plurality of blade devices in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction;
A lathe characterized by comprising.   2. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of blade devices are configured by a turret device and a comb blade device arranged with an axis of the main shaft interposed therebetween.   The lathe according to claim 2, further comprising indexing means for indexing a next tool to be used by the turret device while the workpiece is being processed by the comb blade device.   2. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of blade devices are configured of a plurality of turret devices arranged with an axis of the main shaft interposed therebetween.   The lathe according to claim 4, further comprising indexing means for indexing a tool to be used next in the other turret device while the workpiece is processed by the one turret device. A second main axis oriented in the Z-axis direction and directed to the main axis;
Second spindle moving means for moving the second spindle in the Z-axis direction;
The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lathe is provided.

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