JP2007512796A - 無線でパワー供給する方法及び機器 - Google Patents
無線でパワー供給する方法及び機器 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
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- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
- Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】無線でパワー供給する機器は、収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波の範囲を受信する機構を具える。機器は、収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波を直流に変換する機構を具え、収集と同時に変換するのが好ましい。無線でパワー供給する方法は、収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波の範囲を受信する工程を有する。収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波を直流に変換する工程があり、収集と同時に変換するのが好ましい。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、無線でパワー供給する機器に関する。機器は、収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波(RF radiation)の範囲を受信する手段を具える。機器は、収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波を変換する手段を具え、好ましくは同時に直流に変換する。
図面を参照して、数枚の図面を通じて、類似又は同様の構成には同じ符号を付し、特に図1について、無線で電源用の機器(10)が示される。機器(10)は、収集された周波数に亘って或る範囲のRF放射波を受け取るための手段(12)を含む。機器(10)は、収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波を変換する手段(14)を含み、好ましくは同時に直流に変換する。
合計する工程は、直列のコンデンサー積分器中の直流電圧を加える工程を含むのが好ましい。合計された直流電圧を格納する工程があるのが好ましい。格納された直流電圧を使用する工程があるのが好ましい。
方法と機器(10)は、個々の信号、即ち周波数を識別せず、判断しない。装置は、選択された帯域、即ち周波数の範囲について、信号、キャリアー、及び関連する干渉を再使用可能なパワーに変換するように構成されている。
RF吸収と同時に、合成の電圧が生成されるのが好ましい。機器(10)は、任意の特定の周波数、即ち信号に調整することを試みない。所定の周波数範囲から集められた各電圧は、次に一緒に加えられて利用可能となり、装置に直に電源供給するか、格納されるか、あるいは再充電する装置にエネルギーを供給する。
更に、機器(10)は、吸収され、収集され、利用されるように、機器(10)にパワーを送信するという特定の目的のために、生成され放射される専用のRF送信信号を受信することができる。
この場合、専用のRF送信信号は、オーディオ/ビデオ又はデータ受信及び解釈(interpretation)のような付随的な目的のために解釈される必要のある、特定の信号又はデータを含む必要はない。
RFエネルギ→アンテナ→(吸収され→整流され→積分され→送信されて)→用いられる
注:高密度のRFエネルギー領域では、アンテナ(22)を付ける必要はない。基本波、高調波、相互高調波及び定常波からなる吸収されたRFエネルギーは、誘導子(18)上のタップ(20)(T1−TX)を介してアクセスされ、該タップ(20)は誘導子(18)に沿った点に置かれる。本装置の重要な特徴は、コンデンサの無い前端部によって、入力されるRFエネルギーが、誘導子の広帯域及び最大のアドミッタンスとなることである。タップ点は、誘導子(18)部分のインピーダンスを所望のRF範囲に整合させることにより計算される。
アンテナ(22)の重要な特性は、それが広帯域の受信ができて、選択された帯域幅に最適化され、目的とする装置の所要パワーをサポートするのに必要な実効面積を考慮に入れるということである。
注:高密度のRFエネルギを有する領域では、機器(10)にアンテナ(22)を付ける必要はない。
多数のタップ(20)は、無線周波数エネルギーの選択された帯域部分から、基本波及び中間的な高調波の出力電圧を供給する。
L=(d2×n2)/(18×d+40×j)
ここで、
L=マイクロヘンリーでのインダクタンス。
d=誘導子直径をインチで表す。
j=誘導子長さをインチで表す。
n=誘導子反復の数である。
コンデンサの無い前端部を用いることにより、誘導子の広帯域、及び入力されるRFエネルギーの最大アドミッタンスを保証する。
各タップは機器(10)の整流部分へ個々の出力電圧を提供する。誘導子(18)のタップ(20)の数は次の公式(公式2)によって計算することができる:
Tn=Bw×pi
ここで
Tn=タップの数
Bw=誘導子の有効な帯域幅(メガヘルツ)
pi=3.1416
各タップにて利用可能なRFエネルギーは、整流装置を介して直流電圧に変換される。用いられる整流装置のタイプは、選択された周波数帯域に依存し、整流装置は水晶、ゲルマニウム、シリコン及び他のあらゆるタイプの整流装置を含む。
積分器:
電圧積分器は、コンデンサC1−CXで構成される。これらのコンデンサの値は、選択された周波数帯域、整流器の独自の特性、及び格納ステージによって課される負荷に依存する。この回路のリアクタンスは、通常動作の間にさえ、大きく変化する。しかし、予備計算の出発点として標準公式を容量性リアクタンスに使用することができる:
Xc=1/(2*pi*F*C)
ここで、
Xc=容量性リアクタンスをオームで示す
C=容量をマイクロファラドで示す
F=周波数をヘルツで示す
pi=3.1416
格納要素は、付属の装置の所要パワー、及び誘導子(L)に吸収された利用可能なRFエネルギーによって決定される。中間波の例を用いると、2,200マイクロファラドの電解コンデンサが格納装置として使用される。
サンプル機器(10):中間波(AM)の無線電源
回路を操作するのに必要なアンテナ(22)のサイズ及び特性は、機器(10)の構成に必要とは考えられない。いくつかのAMラジオステーションを有する典型的な市街地領域にて、格納装置を充電するのに十分なエネルギーを得るのに必要なアンテナ(22)は、標準的なAMラジオに使用されるアンテナに近似している。高密度のRFエネルギーがある地域では、機器(10)自体はアンテナ(22)なしで、格納されるパワーを作り出す(develop)のに十分である。
ゲルマニウムダイオード(IN34A)(D1−D6)がコイル上のタップに接続される。直列のコンデンサ積分器(C1−C6)が、グランドに取り付けられるC6について図示されるように構成される。C1−C6は定格0.068μFのポリコンデンサである。本例の機器(10)に用いられるパワー格納装置(28)C7は、2200μFの電解コンデンサである。
例えば:
超低周波セグメント(60Hzの中心周波数)用に設計され構築された(設計の検討を参照)BWPS回路は、極超高周波セグメント(5GHzの中心周波数)のために設計され構築された(設計の検討を参照)別のBWPS回路へ連結することができる。個々の回路の出力は、共通の格納装置(28)(即ち、コンデンサー)へ繋がり(別の積分器回路によって)、収集され変換されたRFエネルギーを一緒に"蓄える"。この技術は、エネルギースペクトルの何れか又は全てのセグメントについて、繰り返され得る。
Claims (22)
- 無線でパワー供給する機器であって、
収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波の範囲を受信する手段と、
収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波を直流に変換する手段を具えた機器。 - 変換する手段は、所望の帯域のRFスペクトルについて共振する吸収機構を含む、請求項1に記載の機器。
- 吸収機構は、所望の帯域のRFスペクトルについて共振する誘導子を含む、請求項2に記載の機器。
- 変換する手段は、誘導子に沿った点に設置されて、RFエネルギーにアクセスする複数のタップを含む、請求項3に記載の機器。
- タップ点は、誘導子のインピーダンスを所望の帯域のRFスペクトルに整合させることにより計算される、請求項4に記載の機器。
- 受信する手段は、アンテナを含む、請求項5に記載の機器。
- 変換する手段は、RFエネルギーを整流し、直流電圧に変換する整流機構を含む、請求項6に記載の機器。
- 整流機構は、複数のダイオードを含み、該ダイオードは各タップ点にて、RFエネルギーを整流し、直流電圧に変換する、請求項7に記載の機器。
- 直流電圧を格納する格納装置を含む、請求項8に記載の機器。
- アンテナのインピーダンスは、誘導子のインピーダンスと1:1に整合される、請求項9に記載の機器。
- RFスペクトルは、60Hzから28ギガヘルツの間である、請求項10に記載の機器。
- 無線でパワー供給する方法であって、
収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波の範囲を受信する工程と、
収集された周波数に亘ってRF放射波を直流に変換する工程を有する方法。 - 変換する工程は、エネルギーを吸収する工程を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 吸収する工程は、誘導子にてエネルギーを吸収する工程を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 変換する工程は、誘導子上の複数のタップにてエネルギー吸収にアクセスする工程を含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 誘導子のインピーダンスを所望のRF範囲に整合させる、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 変換する工程は、各タップにて利用可能なエネルギーを整流して、直流電圧に変換する工程を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 整流する工程は、ダイオードにて、各タップにて利用可能なエネルギーを整流し、直流電圧に変換する工程を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 変換する工程は、直流電圧を合計する工程を含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 合計する工程は、直列コンデンサ積分器間の直流電圧を積分する工程を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 合計された直流電圧を格納する工程を有する、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 格納された直流電圧を用いる工程を有する、請求項21に記載の方法。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US51186003P | 2003-10-17 | 2003-10-17 | |
| PCT/US2004/034194 WO2005039028A2 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-10-15 | Method and apparatus for a wireless power supply |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2007512796A true JP2007512796A (ja) | 2007-05-17 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7027311B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1673851A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2007512796A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1868106A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2004306911B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2542930A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005039028A2 (ja) |
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| CN1868106A (zh) | 2006-11-22 |
| WO2005039028A2 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| US7643312B2 (en) | 2010-01-05 |
| CA2542930A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| US20060164866A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
| US20050104453A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
| AU2004306911A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| US7027311B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 |
| EP1673851A2 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
| EP1673851A4 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
| WO2005039028A3 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
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