JP2007276109A - 走査プローブ顕微鏡チップの使用方法及び該使用方法を実施するための製品又は該使用方法によって製造される製品 - Google Patents
走査プローブ顕微鏡チップの使用方法及び該使用方法を実施するための製品又は該使用方法によって製造される製品 Download PDFInfo
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- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydron;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(O)=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002174 soft lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical class O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】疎水性化合物で被覆されたチップを備えた原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)。該原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)は、原子間力顕微鏡チップ(AFM)から金基板(AU)へ分子を移動して金基板(AU)上にパターンを書き入れるための、つけペンナノリソグラフィ(DPN)として作動する。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明はマイクロファブリケーション法及びナノファブリケーション法に関する。本発明は原子間力顕微鏡イメージングを行う方法にも関する。
リソグラフィー法は、現行のマイクロファブリケーション、ナノテクノロジー、分子エレクトロニクスの中心である。そのような方法では、抵抗薄膜にパターニングした後、基板を化学エッチングすることが多い。
上述したように、本発明は、「つけペン」ナノリソグラフィすなわちDPNと称されるリソグラフィの方法を提供する。DPNは、分子がポジティブプリンティングモードで対象の基板へと送られる、直接書き込むタイプのナノリソグラフィ技術である。DPNでは「紙」として固体基板を、「ペン」として走査プローブ顕微鏡(SPM)チップ(例えば原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)チップ)を使用する。チップはパターニング化合物(「インク」)で被覆され、被覆されたチップは、パターニング化合物が基板に施されて所望のパターンを生成するように、基板と接触させられる。パターニング化合物の分子は毛管移動によりチップから基板へ送られる。DPNは、様々なマイクロスケール及びナノスケールの装置の製作に有効である。本発明は、DPNによってパターニングされた基板及びDPNを行うためのキットも提供する。
DPNは走査プローブ顕微鏡(SPM)チップを利用する。本明細書に使用する場合、「走査プローブ顕微鏡チップ」及び「SPMチップ」という熟語は、原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)チップを始めとする原子スケールイメージングに使用されるチップ、近視野走査光学顕微鏡(NSOM)チップ、走査トンネル顕微鏡(STM)チップ、及び同様な性質を有する装置のことを指す。多くのSPMチップは市販されており、本明細書において提供したガイドラインを用いて同様な装置を創作することが可能である。
a.式R1SH、R1SSR2、R1SR2、R1SO2H、(R1)3P、R1NC、R1CN、(R1)3N、R1COOH、又はArSHの化合物が、金基板にパターニングするために使用できる。
c.式R1NC、R1SH、R1SSR2、又はR1SR2の化合物が、白金基板にパターニングするために使用できる。
e.式R1SiCl3、R1Si(OR2)3、(R1COO)2、R1CH=CH2、R1Li又はR1MgXの化合物を始めとする有機シランが、Si、SiO2及びガラス基板にパターニングするために使用できる。
g.式R1SH、R1NH2、ArNH2、ピロール、又はピロール誘導体の化合物であって、R1がピロール環の複数の炭素のうちの1つに付いている化合物が、高温超伝導体にパターニングするために使用できる。
i.式R1COOHの化合物が、アルミニウム、銅、ケイ素及び白金基板にパターニングするために使用できる。
k.タンパク質及びペプチドが、金、銀、ガラス、ケイ素、及びポリスチレンにパターニングするために使用できる。
R1及びR2は各々式X(CH2)nを有し、化合物がR1及びR2の両方と置換された場合、R1及びR2は同じであっても異なってもよく;
R3は、CH3(CH2)nを有し;
nは0〜30であり;
Arはアリルであり;
Xは−CH3、−CHCH3、−COOH、−CO2(CH2)mCH3、−OH、−CH2OH、エチレングリコール、ヘキサ(エチレングリコール)、−O(CH2)mCH3、−NH2、−NH(CH2)mNH2、ハロゲン、グルコース、マルトース、フラーレンC60、核酸(オリゴヌクレオチド、DNA、RNA等)、タンパク質(例えば抗体又は酵素イムノアッセイ)又はリガンド(例えば、抗原、酵素基質又はレセプター)であり;
パターニング化合物とその調製法及び使用法の説明については、シャ(Xia )とホワイトサイド(Whitesides), Angew. Chem. lid. Ed., 37, 550-575(1998)と本明細書に引用した以下の参考文献を参照されたい。ビショップ(Bishop)ら、Curr. Opinion Colloid & Interface Sci., 1, 127-136(1996); カルバート(Calvert ), J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 11, 2155-2163(1993); アルマン(Ulman ), Chem. Rev., 96:1533 (1996)(金に対するアルカンチオール); デュボイス(Dubois)ら、Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 43:437 (1992) (金に対するアルカンチオール); アルマン(Ulman ), An Introduction to Ultrathin Organic Films: From Langmuir-Blodgett to Self-Assembly (Academic, Boston, 1991)(金に対するアルカンチオール); ホワイトサイド(Whitesides), Proceedings of the Robert A. Welch Foundation 39th Conference On Chemical Research Nanophase Chemistry, Houston, TX, 109-12 ページ (1995) (金に取り付けたアルカンチオール); ムージク(Mucic )ら、Chem. Commun. 555-557 (1996)(3’チオールDNAの金表面への取付方法について説明); 米国特許第5,472,881号(オリゴヌクレオチド−チオールリン酸の金表面への結合); バーウェル(Burwell ), Chemical Technology, 4、370-377 (1974)及びマシューチ(Matteucci )及びカルザース(Caruthers )、J. Am. Chm. Soc., 103, 3185-3191(1981)(オリゴヌクレオチド−アルキルシロキサンのシリカ及びガラス表面への結合); グラバー(Grabar)ら、Anal. Chem., 67, 735-743(アミノアルキルシロキサンの結合とメルカプトアルキルシロキサンの同様な結合に関する); ニッツォ(Nuzzo )ら、J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109, 2358 (1987)(金に対する二硫化物); アララ(Allara)及びニッツォ(Nuzzo ), Langmuir, 1, 45 (1985)(アルミニウムに対するカルボン酸); アララ( Allara )及びトプキンス(Tompkins)、J. Colloid Interface Sci., 49, 410-421(1974)(銅に対するカルボン酸); イラー(Iler)、The Chemistry Of Silica, Chapter 6(Wiley 1979)(シリカに対するカルボン酸); ティモンズ(Timmons )及びチィスマン(Zisman)、 J. Phys. Chem., 69, 984-990(1965)(白金に対するカルボン酸); ソリアガ(Soriaga )及びハバード(Hubbard )、Acc. Chem. Soc., 104, 3937(1982)(白金に対する芳香族環化合物); ハバード(Hubbard )、Acc. Chem. Res.,13, 177 (1980)(白金に対するスルホラン、スルホキシド及び他の機能的溶媒); ヒックマン(Hickman )ら、J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 7271(1989)(白金に対するイソニトリル); モアツ(Maoz)及びサギヴ(Sagiv ), Langmuir, 3, 1045 (1987)(シリカに対するシラン); モアツ(Maoz)及びサギヴ(Sagiv ), Langmuir, 3, 1034 (1987)(シリカに対するシラン); ワッセルマン(Wasserman )ら、Langmuir, 5, 1074 (1989)(シリカに対するシラン); エルテコバ(Eltekova)及びエルテコフ(Eltekov )Langmuir, 3, 951(1987)(二酸化チタン及びシリカに対する芳香族カルボン酸、アルデヒド、アルコール及びメトキシ基); 及びレク(Lec )ら、J. Phys. Chem., 92, 2597(1988)(金属に対する剛性リン酸塩); ロー(Lo)ら、J. Am. Chem. Soc., 118, 11295-11296(1996) (超伝導体へのピロールの取付); チェン(Chen)ら、J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117, 6374-5(1995)(超伝導体へのアミン及びチオールの取付)チェン(Chen)ら、Langmuir,12, 2622-2624 (1996) (超伝導体へのチオールの取付); マクデヴィツ(McDevitt)ら、米国特許第5,846,909号(超伝導体へのアミン及びチオールの取付); スー(Xu)ら、Langmuir, 14, 6505-6511 (1998) (超伝導体へのアミンの取付); マーキン(Mirkin)ら、Adv. Mater. (Weinheim,Ger. ),9 , 167-173 (1997) (超伝導体へのアミンの取付); ホーヴィス(Hovis )ら、J. Phys. Chem.B, 102, 6873-6879 (1998)(オレフィンとジエンのケイ素に対する取付); ホーヴィス(Hovis )ら、Surf Sci.,402-404, 1-7 (1998) (オレフィンとジエンのケイ素に対する取付); ホーヴィス(Hovis )ら、J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 9581-9585 (1997) (オレフィンとジエンのケイ素に対する取付); ハマー(Hamers)ら、J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 1489-1492 (1997) (オレフィンとジエンのケイ素に対する取付); ハマー(Hamers)ら、米国特許第5,908,692号(オレフィンとジエンのケイ素に対する取付); エリソン(Ellison )ら、J. Phys. Chem. B, 103, 6243-6251(1999)(チオシアン酸塩のケイ素に対する取付); エリソン(Ellison )ら、J. Phys. Chem. B, 102 、8510-8518 (1998)(アゾアルカンのケイ素に対する取付); オーノ(Ohno)ら、Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A, 295, 487-490 (1997) (チオールのGaAsへの取付); ロイター(Reuter)ら、Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 380, 119-24(1995) (チオールのGaAsへの取付); バイン(Bain), Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Fed Repub.Ger.),4, 591-4 (1992)(チオールのGaAsへの取付); シーン(Sheen )ら、J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, 1514-15 (1992)(チオールのGaAsへの取付); ナカガワ(Nakagawa)ら、Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1, 30, 3759-62 (1991) (チオールのGaAsへの取付); ラント(Lunt)ら、J. Appl. Phys., 70, 7449-67 (1991)(チオールのGaAsへの取付); ラント(Lunt)ら、J. Vac. Sci. Technol., B, 9, 2333-6 (1991)(チオールのGaAsへの取付); ヤマモト(Yamamoto)ら、Langmuir ACS ASAP, web release number Ia990467r (チオールのInPへの取付); グ(Gu)ら、J. Phys. Chem. B, 102, 9015-9028 (1998) (チオールのInPへの取付); メンゼル(Menzel)ら、Adv.Mater.(Weinheim, Ger.), 11, 131-134 (1999)(金への二流化物の取付); ヨネザワ(Yonezawa)ら、 Chem. Mater., 11, 33-35(1999)(金への二流化物の取付); ポーター(Porter)ら、Langmuir, 14, 7378-7386 (1998)(金への二流化物の取付)サン(Son )ら、J. Phys. Chem., 98, 8488-93 (1994)(金及び銀へのニトリルの取付); シュタイナー(Steiner )ら、Langmuir, 8, 2771-7 (1992)(金及び銅へのニトリルの取付)ソロモン(Solomun )ら、J. Phys. Chem., 95, 10041-9 (1991)(金へのニトリルの取付)ソロモン(Solomun )ら、Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 95,95-8 (1991)(金へのニトリルの取付); ヘンダーソン(Henderson )ら、Inorg. Chim. Acta, 242, 115-24 (1996) (金へのイソニトリルの取付); ヒュック(Huc )ら、J. Phys. Chem. B, 103, 10489-10495(1999); ヒックマン(Hickman )ら、Langmuir, 8, 357-9(1992)(金へのイソニトリルの取付); シュタイナー(Steiner )ら、Langmuir, 8, 90-4 (1992)(金へのアミン及びホスフィンの取付及び銅へのアミンの取付); メイヤ(Mayya )ら、J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 9790-9793 (1997) (金及び銀へのアミンの取付); チェン(Chen)ら、Langmuir, 15, 1075-1082 (1999)(金へのカルボン酸の取付); タオ(Tao )、J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 4350-4358 (1993)(銅及び銀へのカルボン酸の取付); ライビニス(Laibinis)ら、J. Am. Chem. Soc. ,114, 1990-5 (1992) (銀及び銅へのチオールの取付); ライビニス(Laibinis)ら、Langmuir, 7, 3167-73 (1991) (銀へのチオールの取付); フェンター(Fenter)ら、Langmuir, 7, 2013-16 (1991) (銀へのチオールの取付); チャン(Chang )ら、Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 6792-805 (1994)(銀へのチオールの取付); リ(Li)ら、J. Phys. Chem., 98, 11751-5 (1994)(銀へのチオールの取付); リ(Li)ら、Report 24 pp(1994)(銀へのチオールの取付); ターロブ(Tarlov)ら、米国特許第5,942,397号(銀及び銅へのチオールの取付); ワルデック(Waldeck )ら、PCT出願WO99/48682 (銀及び銅へのチオールの取付); グイ(Gui )ら、Langmuir, 7, 955-63 (1991)(銀へのチオールの取付)ヴァルザック(Walczak )ら、J. Am. Chem. Soc., 113, 2370-8 (1991) (銀へのチオールの取付); サンジョルジ(Sangiorgi )ら、Gazz. Chim. Ital., 111, 99-102(1981)(銅へのアミンの取付); マガロン(Magallon)ら、Book of Abstracts, 215th ACS National Meeting, Dallas, March 29-April 2, 1998, COLL-048 (銅へのアミンの取付); パティル(Patil )ら、Langmuir, 14, 2707-2711 (1998)(銀へのアミンの取付); サストリィ(Sastry)ら、J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 4954-4958(1997)(銀へのアミンの取付);
第4に、パターニング化合物のチップから基板までの移動速度は、分解能に影響を及ぼす。例えば、移動媒質として水を使用すると、相対湿度がリソグラフィプロセスの分解能に影響を及ぼすことが見出された。例えば、34%の相対湿度の環境で30nm幅の線(図2C)が生じるには5分間が必要であるが、42%の相対湿度の環境で100nmの線(図2D)が生じるには1.5時間が必要であった。チップと基板とを架橋する水のメニスカスの大きさは、相対湿度によって変わり(パイナー(Piner )ら、Langmuir、13:6864(1997) )、水のメニスカスの大きさが基板へのパターニング化合物の移動速度に影響を及ぼすことが知られている。さらに、濡れたチップを使用した場合、水のメニスカスは、移動媒質中の残留溶媒を含み、移動速度は溶媒の性質によっても影響を受ける。
実施例
実施例1:金基板上でのアルカンチオール類を用いた「つけペン」ナノリソグラフィー
DPNでは、非常に多くの化合物及び基板がうまく利用されている。それらを、化合物及び基板の組合せについて可能な用途とともに以下の表1に示してある。
上記のように、AFMを空気中で動作させる場合、チップと表面の間に水が凝縮し、それがチップで表面走査する際に毛細管によって移動する(パイナー(Piner )ら, Langmuir 13, 6864-6868 (1997) )。特に、それが毛細管を満たし、特に側方力モードで操作すると、それに関連する毛管力がAFMの操作をかなり妨害する(ノイ(Noy )ら, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117, 7943-7951 (1995); ウィルバー(Wilbur), Langmuir 11, 825-831 (1995) )。空気中では毛管力が、チップとサンプルの間の化学的結合力の10倍となる場合がある。従って毛管力は、サンプルの構造と像形成プロセスにかなり影響を与え得るものである。さらに悪いことに、この効果の大きさは、チップ及びサンプルの相対疎水性、相対湿度及び走査速度などの多くの変数によって決まる。そのため多くのグループが、その効果をより均質で再現性のあるものとすることができる溶液セルで作業することを選択している(フリスビー(Frisbie )ら,Science 265, 2071-2074 (1994); ノイ(Noy )ら, Langmuir 14, 1508-151 (1998))。しかしながらそれによってAFMの用途が非常に限定され、像形成される材料の構造に溶媒が影響を与える可能性がある(ヴェゼノツ(Vezenov )ら, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 119, 2006-2015 (1997))。従って、毛細管効果を低下又は排除しながら空気中で像形成が行えるようにする他の方法が望ましいと考えられる。
化学的に異なる複数の材料から構成されるナノスケールリソグラフィー形成パターンを位置合わせできないことは、固体ナノエレクトロニクス及び分子に基づくエレクトロニクスの両方の発達を制限する問題である(リード(Reed)ら, Science 278, 252 (1997);フェルドハイム(Feldheim)ら, Chem. Soc. Rev, 27, 1 (1998))。この問題の主要な理由は、多くのリソグラフィー法が、1)マスキング法又はスタンピング法に依存し、2)レジスト層を利用し、3)重大な熱ドリフトの問題を受け、4)光学的なパターン位置合わせに依存するというものである(キャンプベル(Campbell), The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication (Oxford Press);チョウ(Chou)ら, Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 3114 (1995);ワン(Wang)ら, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 1593 (1997);ジャックマン(Jackman )ら, Science 269, 664 (1995);キム(Kim )ら, Nature 376, 581 (1995); ショアー(Schoer)ら, Langmuir 13, 2323 (1997); ヘラン(Whelan), Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 4245 (1996);ヨウキン(Younkin )ら, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, 1261 (1997); ボトムレイ(Bottomley ), Anal. Chem., 70, 425R (1998); ニフィネガー(Nyffenegger )とペナー(Penner), Chem. Rev. 97, 1195 (1997); バーグレン(Berggren)ら, Science 269, 1255 (1995); ゾンタグ−ユエソースト(Sondag-Huethorst)ら, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 285 (1994); ショーアー(Schoer)とクルックス(Crooks), Langmuir 13, 2323 (1997); スー(Xu)とリュウ(Liu ), Langmuir 13, 127 (1997);パーキンス(Perkins )ら, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 550 (1996); カール(Carr)ら, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 15, 1446 (1997);スギムラ(Sugimura)ら, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 14, 1223 (1996);コメダ(Komeda)ら, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 16, 1680 (1998);ミュラ(Muller) et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 13, 2846 (1995); 及びキム(Kim )とエム リーバー(M. Lieber ), Science 257, 375 (1992) )。
Claims (45)
- ナノリソグラフィ法であって、
基板を提供する工程と、
走査プローブ顕微鏡チップを提供する工程と、
チップをパターニング化合物で被覆する工程と、
パターニング化合物を基板に施すことにより所望のパターンを生成すべく、被覆されたチップを基板と接触させる工程と
から成る方法。 - 基板が金であり、パターニング化合物がタンパク質又はペプチドであるか、もしくは式R1SH、R1SSR2、R1SR2、R1SO2H、(R1)3P、R1NC、R1CN、(R1)3N、R1COOH、又はArSHを有し、式中、
R1及びR2は各々式X(CH2)nを有し、化合物がR1及びR2の両方と置換された場合、R1及びR2は同じであっても異なってもよく、
nは0〜30であり、
Arはアリルであり、
Xは−CH3、−CHCH3、−COOH、−CO2(CH2)mCH3、−OH、−CH2OH、エチレングリコール、ヘキサ(エチレングリコール)、−O(CH2)mCH3、−NH2、−NH(CH2)mNH2、ハロゲン、グルコース、マルトース、フラーレンC60、核酸、タンパク質、又はリガンドであり、
mは0〜30である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - パターニング化合物が式R1SH又はArSHを有する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- パターニング化合物が、プロパンジチオール、ヘキサンジチオール、オクタンジチオール、n−ヘキサデカンチオール、n−オクタデカンチオール、n−ドコサンチオール、11−メルカプト−1−ウンデカノール、16−メルカプト−1−ヘキサデカン酸、α,α’−p−キシリルジチオール、4,4’−ビフェニルジチオール、テルフェニルジチオール、又はDNA−アルカンチオールである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 基板がアルミニウム、ガリウム砒素又は二酸化チタンであり、パターニング化合物が、式R1SHを有し、式中、
R1はX(CH2)nであり、
nは0〜30であり、
Xは−CH3、−CHCH3、−COOH、−CO2(CH2)mCH3、−OH、−CH2OH、エチレングリコール、ヘキサ(エチレングリコール)、−O(CH2)mCH3、−NH2、−NH(CH2)mNH2、ハロゲン、グルコース、マルトース、フラーレンC60、核酸、タンパク質、又はリガンドであり、
mは0〜30である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - パターニング化合物が、2−メルカプト酢酸又はn−オクタデカンチオールである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 基板が二酸化ケイ素であり、パターニング化合物がタンパク質又はペプチドであるか、もしくは式R1SH又はR1SiCl3を有し、式中、
R1はX(CH2)nであり、
nは0〜30であり、
Xは−CH3、−CHCH3、−COOH、−CO2(CH2)mCH3、−OH、−CH2OH、エチレングリコール、ヘキサ(エチレングリコール)、−O(CH2)mCH3、−NH2、−NH(CH2)mNH2、ハロゲン、グルコース、マルトース、フラーレンC60、核酸、タンパク質、又はリガンドであり、
mは0〜30である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - パターニング化合物が、16−メルカプト−1−ヘキサデカン酸、オクタデシルトリクロロシラン、又は3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシランである、請求項7に記載の方法。
- チップをパターニング化合物の溶液と1又は複数回接触させることによりチップがパターニング化合物により被覆される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- チップをパターニング化合物の溶液から取り出すたびごとにチップを乾燥させ、乾燥させたチップを基板と接触させて所望のパターンを生成する工程をさらに含む請求項9に記載の方法。
- チップを最終回以外はパターニング化合物の溶液から取り出すたびごとにチップを乾燥させ、所望のパターンを生成するためにチップを基板と接触させるときにはチップはまだ濡れた状態である工程をさらに含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 基板にパターンを施すのに使用した後でチップをリンスする工程と、
チップを異なるパターニング化合物で被覆する工程と、
被覆されたチップを基板と接触させて、パターニング化合物を基板に施すことにより所望のパターンを生成する工程と
から成る請求項9に記載の方法。 - リンスする工程、被覆する工程、及び接触させる工程が、所望のパターンを生成するのに必要とされるのと同じ数の多くの異なるパターニング化合物を用いて繰り返される、請求項12に記載の方法。
- あるパターンを他のパターンに対して整列させる位置決めシステムを提供する工程をさらに含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 複数のチップが提供される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 複数のチップの各々を同じパターニング化合物と接触させる、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 複数のチップを複数のパターニング化合物と接触させる、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 各チップが他のチップと同じパターンを生成する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- あるパターンを他のパターンに対して整列させる位置決めシステムを提供する工程をさらに含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つのチップが、他のチップにより生成されるパターンとは異なるパターンを生成する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- あるパターンを他のパターンに対して整列させる位置決めシステムを提供する工程をさらに含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- チップは第1のパターニング化合物で被覆され、基板にすでに施された一部又はすべての第2のパターニング化合物に対して第1のパターニング化合物を施すために使用され、第2のパターニング化合物は第1のパターニング化合物と反応するか第1のパターニング化合物と安定に結合することが可能である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- チップをパターニング化合物で被覆する前に、パターニング化合物の物理吸着を高めるためにチップを処理する工程をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- パターニング化合物の物理吸着を高めるために、チップが薄い固体粘着層により被覆される、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 薄い固体粘着層を形成するために、チップがチタン又はクロムにより被覆される、請求項24に記載の方法。
- パターニング化合物は水溶液であり、チップはパターニング化合物の物理吸着を高めるために親水性となるように処理される、請求項23に記載の方法。
- チップが原子間力顕微鏡チップである請求項1乃至26のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1乃至26のいずれか一項に記載の方法によりパターニングされた基板。
- ナノリソグラフィ用のキットであって、
基板と、
走査プローブ顕微鏡チップと
から成るキット。 - チップが原子間力顕微鏡チップである、請求項29に記載のキット。
- 複数のチップを備える、請求項29又は30に記載のキット。
- 1又は複数の容器をさらに備え、各容器がパターニング化合物を収容している、請求項29に記載のキット。
- 基板が金であり、パターニング化合物がタンパク質又はペプチドであるか、もしくは式R1SH、R1SSR2、R1SR2、R1SO2H、(R1)3P、R1NC、R1CN、(R1)3N、R1COOH、又はArSHを有し、式中、
R1及びR2は各々式X(CH2)nを有し、化合物がR1及びR2の両方と置換された場合、R1及びR2は同じであっても異なってもよく、
nは0〜30であり、
Arはアリルであり、
Xは−CH3、−CHCH3、−COOH、−CO2(CH2)mCH3、−OH、−CH2OH、エチレングリコール、ヘキサ(エチレングリコール)、−O(CH2)mCH3、−NH2、−NH(CH2)mNH2、ハロゲン、グルコース、マルトース、フラーレンC60、核酸、タンパク質、又はリガンドであり、
mは0〜30である、請求項32に記載のキット。 - パターニング化合物が式R1SH又はArSHを有する、請求項33に記載のキット。
- パターニング化合物が、プロパンジチオール、ヘキサンジチオール、オクタンジチオール、n−ヘキサデカンチオール、n−オクタデカンチオール、n−ドコサンチオール、11−メルカプト−1−ウンデカノール、16−メルカプト−1−ヘキサデカン酸、α,α’−p−キシリルジチオール、4,4’−ビフェニルジチオール、テルフェニルジチオール、又はDNA−アルカンチオールである、請求項34に記載のキット。
- 基板がアルミニウム、ガリウム砒素又は二酸化チタンであり、パターニング化合物が、式R1SHを有し、式中、
R1はX(CH2)nであり、
nは0〜30であり、
Xは−CH3、−CHCH3、−COOH、−CO2(CH2)mCH3、−OH、−CH2OH、エチレングリコール、ヘキサ(エチレングリコール)、−O(CH2)mCH3、−NH2、−NH(CH2)mNH2、ハロゲン、グルコース、マルトース、フラーレンC60、核酸、タンパク質、又はリガンドであり、
mは0〜30である、請求項32に記載のキット。 - パターニング化合物が、2−メルカプト酢酸又はn−オクタデカンチオールである、請求項36に記載のキット。
- 基板が二酸化ケイ素であり、パターニング化合物がタンパク質又はペプチドであるか、もしくは式R1SH又はR1SiCl3を有し、式中、
R1はX(CH2)nであり、
nは0〜30であり、
Xは−CH3、−CHCH3、−COOH、−CO2(CH2)mCH3、−OH、−CH2OH、エチレングリコール、ヘキサ(エチレングリコール)、−O(CH2)mCH3、−NH2、−NH(CH2)mNH2、ハロゲン、グルコース、マルトース、フラーレンC60、核酸、タンパク質、又はリガンドであり、
mは0〜30である、請求項32に記載のキット。 - パターニング化合物が、16−メルカプト−1−ヘキサデカン酸、オクタデシルトリクロロシラン、又は3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピルトリメトキシシランである、請求項38に記載のキット。
- 空気中で原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)イメージングを行うための方法であって、
AFMチップを提供する工程と、
AFMチップを疎水性化合物と接触させて、AFMチップが疎水性化合物により被覆されるようにする工程であって、疎水性化合物は、被覆されたAFMチップを用いて空気中で行われたAFMイメージングが被覆していない同じAFMチップを用いて行われたAFMイメージングと比較して改良されるように選択される工程と、
被覆されたチップを用いて空気中でAFMイメージングを行う工程と
から成る方法。 - 疎水性化合物は式R4NH2を有し、
R4は式CH3(CH2)nのアルキル又はアリルであり、
nは0〜30である、請求項40に記載の方法。 - 疎水性化合物が1−ドデシルアミンである、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 疎水性化合物で被覆された原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)チップであって、疎水性化合物は、被覆されたAFMチップを用いて行われたAFMイメージングが被覆していない同じAFMチップを用いて行われたAFMイメージングと比較して改良されるように選択される、チップ。
- 式R4NH2を有する疎水性化合物で被覆され、式中、
R4は式CH3(CH2)nのアルキル又はアリルであり、
nは0〜30である、請求項43に記載のチップ。 - 1−ドデシルアミンにより被覆された、請求項44に記載のチップ。
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US8247032B2 (en) | 2012-08-21 |
EP1157407A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
CN101003355B (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
HK1041744B (en) | 2011-07-08 |
US20100040847A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
US6635311B1 (en) | 2003-10-21 |
CN101003355A (zh) | 2007-07-25 |
US20040028814A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
TW473767B (en) | 2002-01-21 |
CA2358215A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
CN1284719C (zh) | 2006-11-15 |
ATE488858T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
JP2002539955A (ja) | 2002-11-26 |
KR100668591B1 (ko) | 2007-01-17 |
EP1157407B1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
CN1341274A (zh) | 2002-03-20 |
US20120295029A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
US7569252B2 (en) | 2009-08-04 |
JP3963650B2 (ja) | 2007-08-22 |
AU778568B2 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
WO2000041213A9 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
AU3344000A (en) | 2000-07-24 |
CA2358215C (en) | 2012-07-31 |
HK1041744A1 (en) | 2002-07-19 |
WO2000041213A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
KR20010110413A (ko) | 2001-12-13 |
HK1110298A1 (en) | 2008-07-11 |
US8163345B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 |
DE60045239D1 (de) | 2010-12-30 |
EP1157407A4 (en) | 2003-01-29 |
US20100098857A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
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