JP2007138039A - リサイクル複合材料 - Google Patents
リサイクル複合材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007138039A JP2007138039A JP2005334471A JP2005334471A JP2007138039A JP 2007138039 A JP2007138039 A JP 2007138039A JP 2005334471 A JP2005334471 A JP 2005334471A JP 2005334471 A JP2005334471 A JP 2005334471A JP 2007138039 A JP2007138039 A JP 2007138039A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbon fiber
- composite material
- matrix
- carbon
- raw material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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Abstract
【解決手段】外径15〜100nmの炭素繊維から構成される3次元ネットワーク状を呈しており、前記炭素繊維が複数延出する態様で、当該炭素繊維を互いに結合する粒状部を有しており、かつ当該粒状部は前記炭素繊維の成長過程において形成されてなるものである炭素繊維構造体を、マトリックス中に含有してなる複合材料の廃棄物を原料とし、当該複合材料の廃棄物中に含有されるマトリックスと同種および/または異種のマトリックスを追加・混練することにより形成されたことを特徴とするリサイクル複合材料。
【選択図】図4
Description
A)嵩密度が低い、
B)樹脂等のマトリックスに対する分散性が良い、
C)導電性が高い、
D)熱伝導性が高い、
E)摺動性が良い、
F)化学的安定性が良い、
G)熱的安定性が高い、
などの特性があり、これらを活かして後述するような樹脂、セラミックス、金属等の固体材料に対する複合材料用フィラーとして広い範囲に利用でき、本発明のリサイクル複合材料の原料となる、いわゆるヴァージン複合材料とすることができる。
樹脂に混合することによる、導電性樹脂及び導電性樹脂成型体として,例えば包装材、ガスケット、容器、抵抗体、導電性繊維、電線、接着剤、インク、塗料等に好適に用いられる。また、樹脂との複合材に加え、無機材料、特にセラミックス、金属等の材料に添加した複合材においても同様の効果が期待できる。
上記導電性の利用の場合と同様の用い方ができる。
樹脂に混合することにより、電磁波遮蔽性塗料や成形して電磁波遮蔽材等として好適である。
摺動性を高めるために樹脂、金属に混合してロール、ブレーキ部品、タイヤ、ベアリング、潤滑油、歯車、パンタグラフ等に利用する。
炭素繊維構造体の有する微細繊維は優れた強度を持ち、柔軟性があり、網目構造を構成するフィラー特性が優れている。この特性を利用することによって、リチウムイオン2次電池、鉛蓄電池、キャパシター、燃料電池等のエネルギーディバイスの電極の強化とサイクル特性の向上に寄与できる。
まず、粉砕品の写真をSEMで撮影する。得られたSEM写真において、炭素繊維構造体の輪郭が明瞭なもののみを対象とし、炭素繊維構造体が崩れているようなものは輪郭が不明瞭であるために対象としなかった。1視野で対象とできる炭素繊維構造体(60〜80個程度)はすべて用い、3視野で約200個の炭素繊維構造体を対象とした。対象とされた各炭素繊維構造体の輪郭を、画像解析ソフトウェア WinRoof(商品名、三谷商事株式会社製)を用いてなぞり、輪郭内の面積を求め、各繊維構造体の円相当径を計算し、これを平均化した。
内径70mmで分散板付透明円筒に1g粉体を充填し、圧力0.1Mpa、容量1.3リットルの空気を分散板下部から送り粉体を吹出し、自然沈降させる。5回吹出した時点で沈降後の粉体層の高さを測定する。このとき測定箇所は6箇所とることとし、6箇所の平均を求めた後、嵩密度を算出した。
堀場ジョバンイボン製LabRam800を用い、アルゴンレーザーの514nmの波長を用いて測定した。
マックサイエンス製TG−DTAを用い、空気を0.1リットル/分の流速で流通させながら、10℃/分の速度で昇温し、燃焼挙動を測定した。燃焼時にTGは減量を示し、DTAは発熱ピークを示すので、発熱ピークのトップ位置を燃焼開始温度と定義した。
粉末X線回折装置(JDX3532、日本電子製)を用いて、アニール処理後の炭素繊維構造体を調べた。Cu管球で40kV、30mAで発生させたKα線を用いることとし、面間隔の測定は学振法(最新の炭素材料実験技術(分析・解析編)、炭素材料学会編)に従い、シリコン粉末を内部標準として用いた。
CNT粉体1gを秤取り、樹脂製ダイス(内寸40L、10W、80Hmm)に充填圧縮し、変位および荷重を読み取る。4端子法で定電流を流して、そのときの電圧を測定し、0.9g/cm3の密度まで測定したら、圧力を解除し復元後の密度を測定した。粉体抵抗については、0.5、0.8および0.9g/cm3に圧縮したときの抵抗を測定することとする。
面積基準の円相当平均径の測定と同様に、まず、炭素繊維構造体の写真をSEMで撮影する。得られたSEM写真において、炭素繊維構造体の輪郭が明瞭なもののみを対象とし、炭素繊維構造体が崩れているようなものは輪郭が不明瞭であるために対象としなかった。1視野で対象とできる炭素繊維構造体(60〜80個程度)はすべて用い、3視野で約200個の炭素繊維構造体を対象とした。
さらに、対象とされた各炭素繊維構造体における微細炭素繊維の外径を求め、これと前記各炭素繊維構造体の粒状部の円相当径から、各炭素繊維構造体における粒状部の大きさを微細炭素繊維との比として求め、これを平均化した。
面積基準の円相当平均径の測定と同様に、まず、炭素繊維構造体の写真をSEMで撮影する。得られたSEM写真において、炭素繊維構造体の輪郭が明瞭なもののみを対象とし、炭素繊維構造体が崩れているようなものは輪郭が不明瞭であるために対象としなかった。1視野で対象とできる炭素繊維構造体(60〜80個程度)はすべて用い、3視野で約200個の炭素繊維構造体を対象とした。
蓋付バイアル瓶中に入れられたトルエン100mlに、30μg/mlの割合で炭素繊維構造体を添加し、炭素繊維構造体の分散液試料を調製した。
得られた試験片を、四探針式低抵抗率計(ロレスタGP、三菱化学製)を用いて塗膜表面9箇所の抵抗(Ω)を測定し、同抵抗計により体積抵抗率(Ω・cm)に換算し、平均値を算出した。
試験片所定の形状に切り出し、レーザーフラッシュ法にて熱伝導率(W/mK)を測定した。
CVD法によって、トルエンを原料として炭素繊維構造体を合成した。
表3に示す配合にて、ポリカーボネート樹脂(バンライトL−1225L、帝人化成(株)製)あるいはポリアミド樹脂(レオナ1300S、旭化成(株)製)と合成例1にて合成した炭素繊維構造体を、ベント式二軸押し出し機(TEM35、東芝機械(株)製)にて溶融混合し、ペレットを製造した。得られたペレットを、120℃で10時間乾燥した後、所定の成形条件で射出成形して試験片を得た。この試験片を用いて体積抵抗率及び熱伝導率を測定した。その結果を表3に示す。
表4に示す配合にて、ポリカーボネート樹脂(バンライトL−1225L、帝人化成(株)製)あるいはポリアミド樹脂(レオナ1300S、旭化成(株)製)とカーボンブラック(#3350B、三菱化学(株)製)を、ベント式二軸押し出し機(TEM35、東芝機械(株)製)にて溶融混合し、ペレットを製造した。得られたペレットを、120℃で10時間乾燥した後、所定の成形温度で射出成形して試験片を得た。この試験片を用いて体積抵抗率及び熱伝導率を測定した。その結果を表4に示す。
前記表3に示した複合材料を溶融し、これに当該複合材料中に用いられているマトリックスと同種のマトリックスを追加・混練して本発明の実施例としてのリサイクル複合材料を形成した(1回リサイクル)。その結果を表7に示す。またさらに、リサイクル複合材料をさらに溶融し、マトリックスの追加・混練するリサイクル工程を30回繰り返して、本発明の実施例としてのリサイクル複合材を形成した(30回リサイクル)。その結果も表5に合わせて示す。
前記表4に示した複合材料を溶融し、これに当該複合材料中に用いられているマトリックスと同種のマトリックスを追加・混練して比較例としてのリサイクル複合材料を形成した(1回リサイクル)。その結果を表8に示す。またさらに、リサイクル複合材料をさらに溶融し、マトリックスの追加・混練するリサイクル工程を30回繰り返して、比較例としてのリサイクル複合材を形成した(30回リサイクル)。その結果も表6に合わせて示す。
2 導入ノズル
3 衝突部
4 原料ガス供給口
a 導入ノズルの内径
b 生成炉の内径
c 衝突部の内径
d 生成炉の上端から原料混合ガス導入口までの距離
e 原料混合ガス導入口から衝突部の下端までの距離
f 原料混合ガス導入口から生成炉の下端までの距離
Claims (11)
- 外径15〜100nmの炭素繊維から構成される3次元ネットワーク状を呈しており、前記炭素繊維が複数延出する態様で、当該炭素繊維を互いに結合する粒状部を有しており、かつ当該粒状部は前記炭素繊維の成長過程において形成されてなるものである炭素繊維構造体を、マトリックス中に含有してなる複合材料の廃棄物を原料とし、
当該複合材料の廃棄物中に含有されるマトリックスと同種および/または異種のマトリックスを追加・混練することにより形成されたことを特徴とするリサイクル複合材料。 - 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有される炭素繊維構造体は、面積基準の円相当平均径が50〜100μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有される炭素繊維構造体は、嵩密度が、0.0001〜0.05g/cm3であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有される炭素繊維構造体は、ラマン分光分析法で測定されるID/IGが、0.2以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有される炭素繊維構造体は、空気中での燃焼開始温度が750℃以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有される炭素繊維の結合箇所において、前記粒状部の粒径が、前記炭素繊維の外径よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有される炭素繊維構造体は、炭素源として、分解温度の異なる少なくとも2つ以上の炭素化合物を用いて、生成されたものである請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有されるマトリックス、および追加・混練されるマトリックスが有機ポリマーを含むものである請求項1〜7のいずれか1つに記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有されるマトリックス、および追加・混練されるマトリックスが無機材料を含むものである請求項1〜7のいずれか1つに記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有されるマトリックス、および追加・混練されるマトリックスが金属を含むものである請求項1〜7のいずれか1つに記載のリサイクル複合材料。
- 前記原料となる廃棄物中に含有されるマトリックス、および追加・混練されるマトリックス中に、金属微粒子、シリカ、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、カーボンブラック、ガラス繊維および炭素繊維からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも一種の充填剤をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか1つに記載のリサイクル複合材料。
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2006
- 2006-11-17 US US12/094,108 patent/US20090226712A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-11-17 EP EP06832850A patent/EP1950253A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-11-17 WO PCT/JP2006/322971 patent/WO2007058298A1/ja active Application Filing
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013519498A (ja) * | 2010-02-10 | 2013-05-30 | エスゲーエル カーボン ソシエタス ヨーロピア | 再利用カーボン繊維を使用した炭素材料からの成形品の製造方法 |
JP2021042339A (ja) * | 2019-09-13 | 2021-03-18 | 佐久間特殊鋼 株式会社 | リサイクル炭素繊維含有樹脂複合材及びその製造方法 |
JP7325277B2 (ja) | 2019-09-13 | 2023-08-14 | 佐久間特殊鋼 株式会社 | リサイクル炭素繊維含有樹脂複合材及びその製造方法 |
JP7660000B2 (ja) | 2020-03-02 | 2025-04-10 | 住友化学株式会社 | 車両発熱部取付部材及び車両 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1950253A4 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
EP1950253A1 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
WO2007058298A1 (ja) | 2007-05-24 |
US20090226712A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
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