JP2007063311A - Optical film and method for producing the same, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical film having a low melting point and a low viscosity when thermally melting a meltable material containing a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer and an antioxidant and having excellent molecular weight retention of the cellulose ester resin without discoloration, to provide a method for producing the optical film and to provide a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the optical film is characterized as follows. Alcohols are added in a stage before thermal melting in the method for producing the optical film comprising thermally melting at least the cellulose ester resin, plasticizer and antioxidant, casting and forming the resultant melt into the state of a film. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical film, a method for producing the same, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display device, and more specifically, has a low melting point and a low viscosity when a melt containing a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer, and an antioxidant is heated and melted. In addition, the present invention relates to a molecular weight retention rate of a cellulose ester resin, an optical film excellent in coloring, a production method thereof, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display device.

  The optical film is provided on the outermost surface of a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, or the like by providing a protective film for a polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display, an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, and a hard coat layer.

  Optical film has various properties such as high transparency, flatness, moisture permeation prevention, bleed-out resistance, dimensional stability (does not change with temperature and humidity and time), and adhesion to PVA polarizing film used for polarizing plate. Performance is required. The cellulose ester film for optics is used as a polarizing plate protective film because of its adhesion to the PVA polarizing film used for polarizing plates and appropriate moisture permeation prevention properties. Cellulose ester films are generally halogenated. It is manufactured by a solution casting film forming method using an organic solvent. However, the use of halogen-based organic solvents is being restricted from the environmental and safety aspects.

  For this reason, the manufacturing method of the cellulose-ester film which does not use an organic solvent is calculated | required, and the method of obtaining a film by heat melting, such as a melt casting method, is proposed (for example, refer patent document 1, 2). However, since the cellulose ester resin is generally a material that is easily deteriorated by heat, various performances required for the optical film are not completely satisfied.

On the other hand, in order to use cellulose ester resin as a fiber, it is excellent in melt spinnability as a technique for heat melting for melt spinning by containing 5 to 20% by mass of a polyether compound as a plasticizer, and has a high elongation property. In addition to the above, a method for obtaining a fiber excellent in uniformity in fineness has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 3). Although it is conceivable to use this technique for a cellulose ester optical film, according to the study by the present inventors, when 5 to 20% by mass of a polyether compound as a plasticizer is contained, moisture permeation preventive property, bleed out It turned out that it cannot be put to practical use because of problems of resistance and dimensional stability.
JP 2000-352620 A JP 2005-178194 A JP 2004-182979 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an optical film having a low melting point and a low viscosity when a melt containing a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer, and an antioxidant is heated and melted, and excellent in molecular weight retention and coloration of the cellulose ester resin, and The manufacturing method, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display device are provided.

  The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configurations.

  (1) In the method for producing an optical film in which at least a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer, and an antioxidant are melted by heating and cast into a film, alcohols are added at a stage before the heat melting. A method for producing an optical film.

  (2) The method for producing an optical film as described in (1) above, wherein the alcohol is a monovalent alcohol having 7 or more C atoms.

  (3) The method for producing an optical film as described in (1) above, wherein the alcohol is a polyhydric alcohol having a melting point of 60 ° C. or lower and a boiling point of 160 ° C. or higher.

  (4) The method for producing an optical film as described in (1) above, wherein the amount of the alcohol added is 0.1 to 5% by mass.

  (5) The method for producing an optical film as described in (1) above, wherein the amount of the plasticizer is 5 to 15% by mass.

  (6) An optical film obtained by the method for producing an optical film described in any one of (1) to (5).

  (7) A polarizing plate characterized by using the optical film described in (6) above on at least one surface.

  (8) A liquid crystal display device using the polarizing plate described in (7).

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, an optical film having a low melting point and a low viscosity at the time of heat-melting a melt containing a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer, and an antioxidant, and having excellent molecular weight retention and coloration of the cellulose ester resin, and a method for producing the same In addition, a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device can be provided.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  The optical film of the present invention is a method for producing an optical film in which at least a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer, and an antioxidant are melted by heating and cast into a film shape. It is characterized by adding.

  The solution casting method, which is one of the methods for producing a cellulose ester film, is to form a film by casting a solution obtained by dissolving a cellulose ester resin in a solvent, and evaporating and drying the solvent. Since the remaining solvent must be removed, the capital investment and production costs for the production line such as the drying line, the drying energy, and the recovery and regeneration device for the evaporated solvent are enormous, and these can be reduced. It is an important issue.

  On the other hand, in the film formation by the melt casting method, the solvent for adjusting the cellulose ester resin solution is not used as the solution casting, so that the above-described drying load and equipment load do not occur.

  The melt casting in the present invention is defined as melt casting in which a cellulose ester is heated and melted to a temperature exhibiting fluidity without using a solvent, and then the fluid cellulose ester is cast. More specifically, the heating and melting molding method can be classified into a melt extrusion molding method, a press molding method, an inflation method, an injection molding method, a blow molding method, and a stretch molding method. Among these, in order to obtain an optical film excellent in mechanical strength and surface accuracy, the melt extrusion method is excellent. Here, after the film constituent material is heated to express its fluidity, it is included in the method for producing a cellulose ester film of the present invention as a melt casting film forming method by extrusion film formation on a drum or an endless belt. It is.

  Cellulose ester resin is generally a material that is easily deteriorated by heat, and in the case of the melt casting film forming method, a decrease in the molecular weight retention of the cellulose ester resin and coloration are seen, which is a major obstacle for optical film applications. Yes. As a result of intensive studies on this problem, the inventors of the present invention, in a method for producing an optical film in which a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer, and an antioxidant are heated and melted to form a film, are obtained before the heating and melting. By allowing alcohols to coexist in the stage, it becomes possible to heat and melt at a temperature lower than the melting point of the cellulose ester resin, improve heat moldability, that is, excellent in molecular weight retention, and can suppress thermal deterioration without coloring. It is what I found.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the alcohol is a monohydric alcohol having 7 or more carbon atoms, or that the alcohol is a polyhydric alcohol having a melting point of 60 ° C. or lower and a boiling point of 160 ° C. or higher. Are also found.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

(Alcohols)
The alcohols used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and monovalent to polyvalent alcohols can be used.

  Specifically, examples of the monohydric alcohol include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, (iso- or n-) amyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, heptyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, n -Divalent alcohols such as dodecyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, and oleyl alcohol include 1,5-pentadiol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 2methyl 2,4 pentadiol, 1,6-hexanediol, and the like. Examples of the alcohol include trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, glycerin, and phytanetriol. Examples of the tetravalent alcohol include pentaerythritol and diglycerin. Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include polyglycerin. It is below.

  Of these, monohydric alcohols having 7 or more carbon atoms are preferred. Further, the boiling point is preferably 160 ° C. or higher and insoluble in water. When the number of C is less than 7, the boiling point and flash point are low, and when the boiling point is lower than 160 ° C., the volatilization at the time of heat molding becomes significant and process contamination becomes a problem. Substances with a flash point of 60 ° C. or lower are also classified as dangerous goods, and are classified as Class 4 No. 2 petroleums (special flammables, 1 stone) under the Fire Service Law, and are extremely dangerous. Moreover, since it becomes water-soluble, bleed-out tolerance deteriorates. Among the above alcohols, heptyl alcohol, 1-octanol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, n-dodecyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol and the like are preferable alcohols for obtaining the effects of the present invention.

  In the case of a polyhydric alcohol, the melting point is preferably 60 ° C. or lower and the boiling point is preferably 160 ° C. or higher, and the lower the melting point, the more preferable. When the melting point exceeds 70 ° C., the melting point lowering effect and the melt viscosity lowering effect are lowered. On the other hand, when the boiling point is lower than 160 ° C., the volatilization is remarkable at the time of heat molding, and process contamination becomes a problem.

  The addition amount of alcohols is preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass. When the addition amount of alcohols is less than 0.1% by mass, sufficient melting point reduction and melt viscosity reduction effects cannot be obtained. Moreover, when the addition amount of alcohol exceeds 5 mass%, bleed-out tolerance deteriorates. In particular, the addition amount is preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass.

(Cellulose ester resin)
The cellulose ester resin according to the present invention is the single or mixed acid ester of cellulose which shows the structure of a cellulose ester and contains at least one of a fatty acyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic acyl group. It is preferable.

  Hereinafter, cellulose esters useful for satisfying the object of the present invention will be exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the aromatic acyl group, when the aromatic ring is a benzene ring, examples of the substituent of the benzene ring include halogen atom, cyano, alkyl group, alkoxy group, aryl group, aryloxy group, acyl group, carbonamido group, sulfone. Amido group, ureido group, aralkyl group, nitro, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, aralkyloxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, acyloxy group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group, alkyloxy Sulfonyl group, aryloxysulfonyl group, alkylsulfonyloxy group and aryloxysulfonyl group, -S-R, -NH-CO-OR, -PH-R, -P (-R) ₂ , -PH-O-R, -P (-R) (-O-R), -P ( _{O-R) 2, -PH (} = O) -R-P (= O) (- R) 2, -PH (= O) -O-R, -P (= O) (- R) (- O -R), -P (= O) (-O-R) ₂ , -O-PH (= O) -R, -O-P (= O) (-R) _2- O-PH (= O) —O—R, —O—P (═O) (— R) (— O—R), —O—P (═O) (— O—R) ₂ , —NH—PH (═O) —R , —NH—P (═O) (— R) (— O—R), —NH—P (═O) (— O—R) ₂ , —SiH ₂ —R, —SiH (—R) ₂ , _{-Si (-R) 3, -O-} SiH 2 -R, include -O-SiH (-R) ₂ and -O-Si (-R) _3. R is an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group. The number of substituents is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3, and most preferably 1 or 2. As the substituent, a halogen atom, cyano, alkyl group, alkoxy group, aryl group, aryloxy group, acyl group, carbonamido group, sulfonamido group and ureido group are preferable, halogen atom, cyano, alkyl group, alkoxy group, An aryloxy group, an acyl group and a carbonamido group are more preferred, a halogen atom, cyano, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group and an aryloxy group are still more preferred, and a halogen atom, an alkyl group and an alkoxy group are most preferred.

  The halogen atom includes a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom. The alkyl group may have a cyclic structure or a branch. The number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-12, still more preferably 1-6, and most preferably 1-4. Examples of the alkyl group include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, octyl and 2-ethylhexyl. The alkoxy group may have a cyclic structure or a branch. The number of carbon atoms in the alkoxy group is preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-12, still more preferably 1-6, and most preferably 1-4. The alkoxy group may be further substituted with another alkoxy group. Examples of the alkoxy group include methoxy, ethoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, 2-methoxy-2-ethoxyethoxy, butyloxy, hexyloxy and octyloxy.

  The number of carbon atoms in the aryl group is preferably 6-20, and more preferably 6-12. Examples of the aryl group include phenyl and naphthyl. The aryloxy group preferably has 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the aryloxy group include phenoxy and naphthoxy. The number of carbon atoms in the acyl group is preferably 1-20, and more preferably 1-12. Examples of the acyl group include formyl, acetyl and benzoyl. The carbonamide group has preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the carbonamido group include acetamide and benzamide. The number of carbon atoms in the sulfonamide group is preferably 1-20, and more preferably 1-12. Examples of the sulfonamide group include methanesulfonamide, benzenesulfonamide, and p-toluenesulfonamide. The ureido group has preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of ureido groups include (unsubstituted) ureido.

  The number of carbon atoms in the aralkyl group is preferably 7-20, and more preferably 7-12. Examples of the aralkyl group include benzyl, phenethyl and naphthylmethyl. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably 1-20, and more preferably 2-12. Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include methoxycarbonyl. The aryloxycarbonyl group preferably has 7 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 7 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the aryloxycarbonyl group include phenoxycarbonyl. The number of carbon atoms in the aralkyloxycarbonyl group is preferably 8-20, and more preferably 8-12. Examples of the aralkyloxycarbonyl group include benzyloxycarbonyl. The number of carbon atoms in the carbamoyl group is preferably 1-20, and more preferably 1-12. Examples of the carbamoyl group include (unsubstituted) carbamoyl and N-methylcarbamoyl. The number of carbon atoms in the sulfamoyl group is preferably 20 or less, and more preferably 12 or less. Examples of the sulfamoyl group include (unsubstituted) sulfamoyl and N-methylsulfamoyl. The number of carbon atoms of the acyloxy group is preferably 1-20, and more preferably 2-12. Examples of the acyloxy group include acetoxy and benzoyloxy.

  The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group is preferably 2-20, and more preferably 2-12. Examples of alkenyl groups include vinyl, allyl and isopropenyl. The alkynyl group preferably has 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of alkynyl groups include thienyl. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylsulfonyl group is preferably 1-20, and more preferably 1-12. The arylsulfonyl group preferably has 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms. The alkyloxysulfonyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms of the aryloxysulfonyl group is preferably 6-20, and more preferably 6-12. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylsulfonyloxy group is preferably 1-20, and more preferably 1-12. The number of carbon atoms of the aryloxysulfonyl group is preferably 6-20, and more preferably 6-12.

  In the cellulose ester of the present invention, when the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group of cellulose is a fatty acid ester with an aliphatic acyl group, the aliphatic acyl group has 2 to 20 carbon atoms, specifically acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, Examples include isobutyryl, valeryl, pivaloyl, hexanoyl, octanoyl, lauroyl, stearoyl and the like.

  In the present invention, the aliphatic acyl group is meant to include those further having a substituent. When the aromatic ring is a benzene ring in the above-described aromatic acyl group, the substituent of the benzene ring Are exemplified.

  Moreover, when the esterified substituent of the cellulose ester is an aromatic ring, the number of substituents X substituted on the aromatic ring is 0 or 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, and particularly preferable. Is one or two. Further, when the number of substituents substituted on the aromatic ring is 2 or more, they may be the same or different from each other, but they may be linked together to form a condensed polycyclic compound (for example, naphthalene, indene, indane, phenanthrene, quinoline) , Isoquinoline, chromene, chroman, phthalazine, acridine, indole, indoline, etc.).

  The cellulose ester has a structure having a structure selected from at least one of a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic acyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic acyl group, which is used as the structure used in the cellulose ester of the present invention. These may be a single or mixed acid ester of cellulose, or a mixture of two or more cellulose esters.

  In the cellulose ester constituting the optical film of the present invention, at least one selected from cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate phthalate, and cellulose phthalate Preferably there is.

  Among these, particularly preferable cellulose esters include cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, and cellulose acetate butyrate.

  As the substitution degree of the mixed fatty acid ester, more preferable cellulose acetate propionate and lower fatty acid ester of cellulose acetate butyrate have an acyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms as a substituent, and the substitution degree of an acetyl group is X. When the substitution degree of propionyl group or butyryl group is Y, it is preferably a cellulose resin containing a cellulose ester that simultaneously satisfies the following formulas (I) and (II).

Formula (I) 2.6 ≦ X + Y ≦ 3.0
Formula (II) 1.0 ≦ X ≦ 2.5
Of these, cellulose acetate propionate is particularly preferably used. Among them, 1.9 ≦ X ≦ 2.5 and 0.1 ≦ Y ≦ 0.9 are preferable. The portion not substituted with the acyl group is usually present as a hydroxyl group. These can be synthesized by known methods.

  Furthermore, the cellulose ester used in the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight Mw / number average molecular weight Mn ratio of 1.5 to 5.5, particularly preferably 2.0 to 5.0, Preferably it is 2.5-5.0, More preferably, the cellulose ester of 3.0-5.0 is used preferably.

  The cellulose ester raw material cellulose used in the present invention may be wood pulp or cotton linter, and the wood pulp may be softwood or hardwood, but softwood is more preferred. A cotton linter is preferably used from the viewpoint of peelability during film formation. The cellulose ester made from these can be mixed suitably or can be used independently.

  For example, the ratio of cellulose ester derived from cellulose linter: cellulose ester derived from wood pulp (coniferous): cellulose ester derived from wood pulp (hardwood) is 100: 0: 0, 90: 10: 0, 85: 15: 0, 50:50: 0, 20: 80: 0, 10: 90: 0, 0: 100: 0, 0: 0: 100, 80:10:10, 85: 0: 15, 40:30:30.

  The cellulose ester resin according to the present invention was charged with 1 g in 20 ml of pure water (electric conductivity 0.1 μS / cm or less, pH 6.8), and had a pH of 6 when stirred in a nitrogen atmosphere at 25 ° C. for 1 hr. It is preferable that the electric conductivity is 1 to 100 μS / cm. If the pH is less than 6, the residual organic acid may accelerate cellulose degradation during heating and melting, and if the pH is higher than 7, hydrolysis may accelerate. In addition, when the electrical conductivity is 100 μS / cm or more, since a relatively large amount of residual ions are present, it is considered to be a factor for degrading cellulose during heating and melting.

(Plasticizer)
The optical film of the present invention uses at least a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer, an antioxidant and the above-described alcohols in combination.

  In addition to adding the compound known as a plasticizer to the optical film of the present invention, in addition to obtaining the effects of the present invention, it improves mechanical properties, imparts flexibility, imparts water absorption resistance, and reduces moisture permeability. From the viewpoint of film modification such as Further, in the melt casting method carried out in the present invention, the purpose of lowering the melting temperature of the film constituting material by adding a plasticizer rather than the glass transition temperature of the cellulose ester used alone, or the plasticizer than the cellulose ester at the same heating temperature. It is preferable at the point which can reduce the viscosity of the film constituent material containing this.

  Here, in the present invention, the melting temperature of the film constituent material means a temperature at which the material is heated in a state where the material is heated and fluidity is developed.

  If the cellulose ester alone is lower than the glass transition temperature, the fluidity for forming a film is not exhibited. However, the cellulose ester has a lower elastic modulus or viscosity due to the absorption of heat at a glass transition temperature or higher, and exhibits fluidity. In order to melt the film constituent material, the plasticizer to be added preferably has a melting point or glass transition temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the cellulose ester in order to satisfy the above-mentioned purpose.

  As the plasticizer used in the present invention, for example, phosphate ester derivatives and carboxylic acid ester derivatives are preferably used. Further, a polymer obtained by polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 described in JP-A-2003-12859, an acrylic polymer, an acrylic polymer having an aromatic ring in the side chain, or cyclohexyl An acrylic polymer having a group in the side chain is also preferably used.

  Examples of phosphoric acid ester derivatives include phosphoric acid ester plasticizers, ethylene glycol ester plasticizers, glycerin ester plasticizers, diglycerin ester plasticizers (fatty acid esters), polyhydric alcohol esters. Examples thereof include a plasticizer, a dicarboxylic acid ester plasticizer, a polyvalent carboxylic acid ester plasticizer, and a polymer plasticizer. Of these, polyhydric alcohol ester plasticizers, dicarboxylic acid ester plasticizers and polycarboxylic acid ester plasticizers are preferred. Further, the plasticizer may be a liquid or a solid, and is preferably colorless due to restrictions on the composition. Thermally, it is preferably stable at a higher temperature, and the decomposition start temperature is preferably 150 ° C. or higher, more preferably 200 ° C. or higher. The addition amount can be adjusted for various performances required for the optical film, and the blending amount is appropriately selected within the range not impairing the object of the present invention, and preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by mass of the cellulose ester resin. It is 3 mass%, More preferably, it is 3-30 mass%. 5-15 mass% is especially preferable.

  Hereinafter, the plasticizer used in the present invention will be further described. Specific examples are not limited to these examples.

  Phosphate ester plasticizers: specifically, phosphoric acid alkyl esters such as triacetyl phosphate and tributyl phosphate, phosphoric acid cycloalkyl esters such as tricyclobenthyl phosphate and cyclohexyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate And phosphoric acid aryl esters such as cresyl phenyl phosphate, octyl diphenyl phosphate, diphenyl biphenyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, trinaphthyl phosphate, trixylyl phosphate, tris ortho-biphenyl phosphate. These substituents may be the same or different, and may be further substituted. Further, it may be a mix of an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, and an aryl group, and the substituents may be covalently bonded.

  Also, alkylene bis (dialkyl phosphate) such as ethylene bis (dimethyl phosphate), butylene bis (diethyl phosphate), alkylene bis (diaryl phosphate) such as ethylene bis (diphenyl phosphate), propylene bis (dinaphthyl phosphate), phenylene bis (dibutyl phosphate) ), Arylene bis (dialkyl phosphate) such as biphenylene bis (dioctyl phosphate), phosphate esters such as arylene bis (diaryl phosphate) such as phenylene bis (diphenyl phosphate) and naphthylene bis (ditoluyl phosphate). These substituents may be the same or different, and may be further substituted. Further, it may be a mix of an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, and an aryl group, and the substituents may be covalently bonded.

  Furthermore, the phosphate ester partial structure may be part of the polymer or regularly pendant, and may be introduced into part of the molecular structure of additives such as antioxidants, acid scavengers, and UV absorbers. May be. Among the above-mentioned compounds, phosphoric acid aryl ester and arylene bis (diaryl phosphate) are preferable, and specifically, triphenyl phosphate and phenylene bis (diphenyl phosphate) are preferable.

  Ethylene glycol ester plasticizer: Specifically, ethylene glycol alkyl ester plasticizers such as ethylene glycol diacetate and ethylene glycol dibutyrate, ethylene glycol dicyclopropyl carboxylate, ethylene glycol dicyclohexyl carboxylate and the like Examples include ethylene glycol cycloalkyl ester plasticizers and ethylene glycol aryl ester plasticizers such as ethylene glycol dibenzoate and ethylene glycol di4-methylbenzoate. These alkylate groups, cycloalkylate groups, and arylate groups may be the same or different, and may be further substituted. Further, a mixture of alkylate group, cycloalkylate group and arylate group may be used, and these substituents may be covalently bonded. Further, the ethylene glycol part may be substituted, the ethylene glycol ester partial structure may be part of the polymer or regularly pendant, and the antioxidant, acid scavenger, UV absorber, etc. It may be introduced into a part of the molecular structure of the additive.

  Glycerin ester plasticizers: Specifically, glycerol alkyl esters such as triacetin, tributyrin, glycerol diacetate caprylate, glycerol oleate propionate, glycerol cycloalkyl esters such as glycerol tricyclopropyl carboxylate, glycerol tricyclohexyl carboxylate Glyceryl aryl esters such as glycerin tribenzoate and glycerin 4-methylbenzoate, diglycerin tetraacetylate, diglycerin tetrapropionate, diglycerin acetate tricaprylate, diglycerin alkyl esters such as diglycerin tetralaurate, di Diglycerides such as glycerin tetracyclobutylcarboxylate and diglycerin tetracyclopentylcarboxylate Emissions cycloalkyl esters, diglycerin tetrabenzoate, diglycerin aryl ester such as diglycerin 3-methylbenzoate or the like. These alkylate groups, cycloalkylcarboxylate groups, and arylate groups may be the same or different, and may be further substituted. Further, it may be a mix of alkylate group, cycloalkylcarboxylate group, and arylate group, and these substituents may be bonded by a covalent bond. Furthermore, the glycerin and diglycerin part may be substituted, the partial structure of the glycerin ester and the diglycerin ester may be part of the polymer or regularly pendant, and an antioxidant, an acid scavenger, It may be introduced into a part of the molecular structure of an additive such as an ultraviolet absorber.

  Polyhydric alcohol ester plasticizer: Specific examples include polyhydric alcohol ester plasticizers described in paragraphs 30 to 33 of JP-A No. 2003-12823.

  These alkylate groups, cycloalkylcarboxylate groups, and arylate groups may be the same or different, and may be further substituted. Further, it may be a mix of alkylate group, cycloalkylcarboxylate group, and arylate group, and these substituents may be bonded by a covalent bond. Furthermore, the polyhydric alcohol part may be substituted, and the partial structure of the polyhydric alcohol may be part of the polymer or regularly pendant, and may be an antioxidant, an acid scavenger, an ultraviolet absorber, etc. May be introduced into a part of the molecular structure of the additive.

  Dicarboxylic acid ester plasticizers: Specifically, alkyldocarboxylic acid alkyl ester plasticizers such as didodecyl malonate (C1), dioctyl adipate (C4), dibutyl sebacate (C8), dicyclopentyl succinate, Alkyl dicarboxylic acid cycloalkyl ester plasticizers such as dicyclohexyl adipate, alkyl dicarboxylic acid aryl ester plasticizers such as diphenyl succinate and di4-methylphenyl glutarate, dihexyl-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, Cycloalkyldicarboxylic acid alkyl ester plasticizers such as didecylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-2,3-dicarboxylate, dicyclohexyl-1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylate, dicyclopropyl-1,2 Cycloalkyldicarboxylic acid cycloalkyl ester plasticizers such as cyclohexyl dicarboxylate, aryl cycloalkyldicarboxylates such as diphenyl-1,1-cyclopropyldicarboxylate, di2-naphthyl-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate Ester plasticizers, aryl dicarboxylic acid alkyl ester plasticizers such as diethyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, and aryl dicarboxylic acid cycloalkyls such as dicyclopropyl phthalate and dicyclohexyl phthalate Examples include ester plasticizers and aryl dicarboxylic acid aryl ester plasticizers such as diphenyl phthalate and di4-methylphenyl phthalate. These alkoxy groups and cycloalkoxy groups may be the same or different, may be mono-substituted, and these substituents may be further substituted. The alkyl group and cycloalkyl group may be mixed, and these substituents may be bonded together by a covalent bond. Further, the aromatic ring of phthalic acid may be substituted, and a multimer such as a dimer, trimer or tetramer may be used. In addition, the partial structure of phthalate ester may be part of the polymer or may be regularly pendant to the polymer, and introduced into part of the molecular structure of additives such as antioxidants, acid scavengers, UV absorbers, etc. May be.

  Polycarboxylic acid ester plasticizers: Specifically, alkyl polycarboxylic acid alkyl ester plastics such as tridodecyl tricarbarate and tributyl-meso-butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate Agents, alkyl polyvalent carboxylic acid cycloalkyl ester type plasticizers such as tricyclohexyl tricarbarate, tricyclopropyl-2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate, triphenyl 2-hydroxy-1,2 Alkyl polycarboxylic acid aryl ester plasticizers such as 1,3-propanetricarboxylate, tetra-3-methylphenyltetrahydrofuran-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylate, tetrahexyl-1,2,3,4 -Cyclobutane tetracarboxylate, tetrabutyl-1,2, 1,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylate and other cycloalkyl polycarboxylic acid alkyl ester plasticizers, tetracyclopropyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylate, tricyclohexyl-1,3,5-cyclohexyl Cycloalkyl polycarboxylic acid cycloalkyl ester plasticizers such as tricarboxylate, triphenyl-1,3,5-cyclohexyl tricarboxylate, hexa-4-methylphenyl-1,2,3,4,5,6 -Cycloalkyl polycarboxylic acid aryl ester plasticizers such as cyclohexyl hexacarboxylate, tridodecylbenzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate, tetraoctylbenzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylate, etc. Aryl polycarboxylic acid Lester ester plasticizer, aryl polyvalent carboxylic acid cycloalkyl ester plasticizer tri such as tricyclopentylbenzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate, tetracyclohexylbenzene-1,2,3,5-tetracarboxylate Aryl polycarboxylic acid aryl ester-based plasticizers such as phenylbenzene-1,3,5-tetracartoxylate and hexa-4-methylphenylbenzene-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexacarboxylate Can be mentioned. These alkoxy groups and cycloalkoxy groups may be the same or different, may be mono-substituted, and these substituents may be further substituted. The alkyl group and cycloalkyl group may be mixed, and these substituents may be bonded together by a covalent bond. Further, the aromatic ring of phthalic acid may be substituted, and a multimer such as a dimer, trimer or tetramer may be used. In addition, the partial structure of phthalate ester may be part of the polymer or may be regularly pendant to the polymer, and introduced into part of the molecular structure of additives such as antioxidants, acid scavengers, UV absorbers, etc. May be.

  Polymer plasticizer: Specifically, aliphatic hydrocarbon polymer, alicyclic hydrocarbon polymer, acrylic polymer such as polyethyl acrylate and polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl isobutyl ether, poly N-vinyl pyrrolidone, etc. Examples include vinyl polymers, styrene polymers such as polystyrene and poly 4-hydroxystyrene, polybutylene succinates, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, polyethers such as polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, polyamides, polyurethanes, and polyureas. It is done. The number average molecular weight is preferably about 1,000 to 500,000, particularly preferably 5,000 to 200,000. If it is 1000 or less, a problem occurs in volatility, and if it exceeds 500,000, the plasticizing ability is lowered, and the mechanical properties of the cellulose ester derivative composition are adversely affected. These polymer plasticizers may be a homopolymer composed of one type of repeating unit or a copolymer having a plurality of repeating structures. Two or more of the above polymers may be used in combination, and other plasticizers, antioxidants, acid scavengers, ultraviolet absorbers, slip agents, matting agents, and the like may be included.

  Among the plasticizers, it is generally preferable that no volatile component is generated during heat melting. Specific examples include nonvolatile phosphate esters described in JP-A-6-501040. For example, among arylene bis (diaryl phosphate) esters and the above exemplified compounds, trimethylolpropane tribenzoate is preferable. It is not limited to. When the volatile component is due to thermal decomposition of the plasticizer, the thermal decomposition temperature Td (1.0) of the plasticizer is higher than the melting temperature of the film-forming material when defined as the temperature at which the mass decreases by 1.0% by mass. Is required. This is because, for the above purpose, the plasticizer is added to the cellulose ester in a larger amount than other film constituent materials, and the presence of the volatile component has a great influence on the quality of the obtained film. The thermal decomposition temperature Td (1.0) can be measured with a commercially available differential thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA) apparatus.

(Antioxidant)
The antioxidant used in the present invention will be described.

  Antioxidants include phenolic antioxidants, phosphorus antioxidants, sulfur antioxidants, heat-resistant processing stabilizers, oxygen scavengers, etc. Among them, phenolic antioxidants, particularly alkyl-substituted phenolic compounds Antioxidants are preferred. By blending these antioxidants, it is possible to prevent coloration and strength reduction of the molded product due to heat during molding or oxidative degradation without lowering transparency, heat resistance and the like. These antioxidants can be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the blending amount thereof is appropriately selected within a range not impairing the object of the present invention. On the other hand, it is preferably 0.001 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by mass.

  As antioxidants, hindered phenol antioxidant compounds are known compounds, such as those described in columns 12-14 of US Pat. No. 4,839,405, such as 2, 6-dialkylphenol derivative compounds are included. Such compounds include those of the following general formula (1).

  In the above formula, R 1, R 2 and R 3 represent a further substituted or unsubstituted alkyl substituent. Specific examples of hindered phenol compounds include n-octadecyl 3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate, n-octadecyl 3- (3,5-di-t-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl) -acetate, n-octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, n-hexyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylbenzoate, n-dodecyl 3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylbenzoate, neo-dodecyl 3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, dodecyl β (3,5-di-t-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, ethyl α- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylphenyl) isobutyrate, octade Sil α- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylphenyl) isobutyrate, octadecyl α- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2- (n -Octylthio) ethyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzoate, 2- (n-octylthio) ethyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenylacetate, 2- (n- Octadecylthio) ethyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl acetate, 2- (n-octadecylthio) ethyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzoate, 2- (2- Hydroxyethylthio) ethyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, diethyl glycol bis- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4) -Hydroxy-phenyl) propionate, 2- (n-octadecylthio) ethyl 3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, stearamide N, N-bis- [ethylene 3- (3 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], n-butylimino N, N-bis- [ethylene 3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2- (2-stearoyloxyethylthio) ethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, 2- (2-stearoyloxyethylthio) ethyl 7- (3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4- Hydroxyphenyl) heptanoate, 1,2-propylene glycol bis- [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl Nyl) propionate], ethylene glycol bis- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], neopentyl glycol bis- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-) 4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], ethylene glycol bis- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl acetate), glycerin-1-n-octadecanoate-2,3-bis- (3 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl acetate), pentaerythritol-tetrakis- [3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 1,1,1 -Trimethylolethane-tris- [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], sorbite Ruhexa- [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2-hydroxyethyl 7- (3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2- Stearoyloxyethyl 7- (3-methyl-5-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) heptanoate, 1,6-n-hexanediol-bis [(3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy Phenyl) propionate], pentaerythritol-tetrakis (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate). Hindered phenolic antioxidant compounds of the above type are commercially available, for example, from Ciba Specialty Chemicals under the trade names “Irganox 1076” and “Irganox 1010”.

  Specific examples of other antioxidants include phosphorus antioxidants such as trisnonylphenyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, and dilauryl-3. , 3′-thiodipropionate, dimyristyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, distearyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, pentaerythrityltetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate), etc. System antioxidant, 2-tert-butyl-6- (3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl) -4-methylphenyl acrylate, 2- [1- (2-hydroxy-3,5- Di-tert-pentylphenyl) ethyl] -4,6-di-tert-pentylphenyl acrylate 3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran compound, 3,3′-spirodichroman compound, 1,1-spiroindane compound, morpholine, thiomorpholine, thiomorpholine oxide, described in JP-B-08-27508, Examples thereof include thiomorpholine dioxide, compounds having a piperazine skeleton in the partial structure, oxygen scavengers such as dialkoxybenzene compounds described in JP-A No. 03-174150, and the like. These antioxidant partial structures may be part of the polymer or regularly pendant into the polymer and introduced into part of the molecular structure of additives such as plasticizers, acid scavengers, UV absorbers, etc. May be.

(Organic additives)
The optical film according to the present invention preferably contains an organic additive in addition to the cellulose ester resin, the plasticizer, the antioxidant and the alcohol. Organic additives include acid scavengers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, retardation control agents, polymer materials, and the like.

  Hereinafter, the additive will be described in more detail.

(Acid scavenger)
The acid scavenger preferably comprises an epoxy compound as an acid scavenger described in US Pat. No. 4,137,201. Epoxy compounds as such acid scavengers are known in the art and are derived by condensation of various polyglycol diglycidyl ethers, particularly about 8-40 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of polyglycol. Glycol, diglycidyl ether of glycerol, metal epoxy compounds (such as those conventionally used in and together with vinyl chloride polymer compositions), epoxidized ether condensation products, diphenols of bisphenol A Glycidyl ether (i.e., 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane), epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid ester (especially an ester of an alkyl of about 4 to 2 carbon atoms of a fatty acid of 2 to 22 carbon atoms (e.g. butyl Epoxy stearate) ), And various epoxidized long chain fatty acid triglycerides and the like (e.g., epoxidized vegetable oils and other unsaturated natural oils, which may be represented and exemplified by compositions such as epoxidized soybean oil, sometimes epoxidized natural) These are referred to as glycerides or unsaturated fatty acids, which generally contain 12 to 22 carbon atoms)). Particularly preferred are commercially available epoxy group-containing epoxide resin compounds EPON 815c and other epoxidized ether oligomer condensation products of general formula (2).

  In the above formula, n is equal to 0-12. Further possible acid scavengers that can be used include those described in paragraphs 87 to 105 of JP-A-5-194788.

(Light stabilizer)
Light stabilizers include hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) compounds, which are known compounds, such as columns 5-11 of US Pat. No. 4,619,956 and US Pat. , 839,405, as described in columns 3 to 5, including 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine compounds, or acid addition salts thereof or complexes of them with metal compounds It is. Such compounds include those of the following general formula (3).

  In the above formula, R1 and R2 are H or a substituent. Specific examples of hindered amine light stabilizer compounds include 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-allyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-benzyl. -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1- (4-t-butyl-2-butenyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-stearoyl Oxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-ethyl-4-salicyloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-methacryloyloxy-1,2,2,6 6-pentamethylpiperidine, 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl-β (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate, -Benzyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl maleate, (di-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -adipate, (di- 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -sebacate, (di-1,2,3,6-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-piperidin-4-yl) -sebacate, (di -1-allyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl) -phthalate, 1-acetyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-acetate, trimellitic acid- Tri- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester, 1-acryloyl-4-benzyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, dibutyl-malonic acid-di -(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-piperidin-4-yl) -ester, dibenzyl-malonic acid-di- (1,2,3,6-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-piperidine- 4-yl) -ester, dimethyl-bis- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-oxy) -silane, tris- (1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine- 4-yl) -phosphite, tris- (1-propyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -phosphate, N, N′-bis- (2,2,6,6- Tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -hexamethylene-1,6-diamine, N, N′-bis- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -hexamethylene-1,6- Diacetamide, 1-acetyl -4- (N-cyclohexylacetamide) -2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine, 4-benzylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, N, N'-bis- (2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -N, N′-dibutyl-adipamide, N, N′-bis- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -N , N′-dicyclohexyl- (2-hydroxypropylene), N, N′-bis- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -p-xylylene-diamine, 4- (bis-2 -Hydroxyethyl) -amino-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, 4-methacrylamide-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, α-cyano-β-methyl-β- [N- (2,2 6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl)] - amino - acrylic acid methyl ester. Examples of preferred hindered amine light stabilizers include the following HALS-1 and HALS-2.

  These hindered amine light resistance stabilizers can be used alone or in combination of two or more, and these hindered amine light resistance stabilizers can be used in combination with additives such as plasticizers, acid scavengers, and UV absorbers. Alternatively, it may be introduced into a part of the molecular structure of the additive. The blending amount is appropriately selected within a range not impairing the object of the present invention, but is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 0.02 to 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the cellulose ester resin. Especially preferably, it is 0.05-10 mass parts.

(UV absorber)
As an ultraviolet absorber, from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of a polarizer or a display device with respect to ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet absorber has an excellent ability to absorb ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 370 nm or less, and from the viewpoint of liquid crystal display properties, it absorbs visible light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more. Less is preferred. Examples include oxybenzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, salicylic acid ester compounds, benzophenone compounds, cyanoacrylate compounds, nickel complex compounds, etc., but benzophenone compounds and less colored benzotriazole compounds preferable. Moreover, you may use the ultraviolet absorber of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 10-182621, Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 8-337574, and the polymeric ultraviolet absorber of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-148430.

  Specific examples of useful benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers include 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-tert-butylphenyl). ) Benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)- 5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′-(3 ″, 4 ″, 5 ″, 6 ″ -tetrahydrophthalimidomethyl) -5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2,2-methylenebis ( 4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol), 2- (2'-hydro Cis-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -6- (linear and side chain dodecyl) -4-methylphenol Octyl-3- [3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5- (chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenyl] propionate and 2-ethylhexyl-3- [3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy Examples include, but are not limited to, a mixture of -5- (5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenyl] propionate.

  As commercially available products, TINUVIN 109, TINUVIN 171 and TINUVIN 360 (all manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) can also be used.

  Specific examples of benzophenone compounds include 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-sulfobenzophenone, bis (2-methoxy-4-hydroxy- 5-benzoylphenylmethane) and the like, but are not limited thereto.

  In the present invention, the ultraviolet absorber is preferably added in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, and further preferably 1 to 5% by mass. Two or more of these may be used in combination.

(Retardation control agent)
A polarizing plate that improves the liquid crystal display quality by forming an alignment film in the optical film of the present invention, providing a liquid crystal layer, and combining the polarizing plate protective film and the retardation derived from the liquid crystal layer to provide an optical compensation capability. Processing may be performed. As the compound to be added for adjusting the retardation, an aromatic compound having two or more aromatic rings as described in the specification of European Patent 911,656A2 may be used as a retardation control agent. I can do it. Two or more aromatic compounds may be used in combination. The aromatic ring of the aromatic compound includes an aromatic heterocyclic ring in addition to the aromatic hydrocarbon ring. Particularly preferred is an aromatic heterocycle, and the aromatic heterocycle is generally an unsaturated heterocycle. Of these, a 1,3,5-triazine ring is particularly preferred.

(Polymer material)
In the optical film of the present invention, polymer materials and oligomers other than cellulose ester may be appropriately selected and mixed. The above polymer materials and oligomers are preferably those having excellent compatibility with the cellulose ester, and the transmittance when formed into a film is 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and further preferably 92% or more. The purpose of mixing at least one of polymer materials and oligomers other than cellulose ester includes meanings for controlling viscosity at the time of heating and melting and improving film physical properties after film processing. In this case, it can be included as the above-mentioned other additives.

(Matting agent)
In the optical film of the present invention, fine particles such as a matting agent can be added in order to impart slipperiness, and examples of the fine particles include inorganic compound fine particles and organic compound fine particles. The matting agent is preferably as fine as possible. Examples of the fine particles include silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, calcium carbonate, kaolin, talc, calcined calcium silicate, hydrated calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, Examples thereof include inorganic fine particles such as magnesium silicate and calcium phosphate, and crosslinked polymer fine particles. Among these, silicon dioxide is preferable because it can reduce the haze of the film. In many cases, fine particles such as silicon dioxide are surface-treated with an organic substance, but such particles are preferred because they can reduce the haze of the film.

  Preferred organic substances for the surface treatment include halosilanes, alkoxysilanes, silazane, siloxane and the like. The larger the average particle size of the fine particles, the greater the sliding effect, and the smaller the average particle size, the better the transparency. The average particle size of the secondary particles of the fine particles is in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 μm. The average particle size of secondary particles of the fine particles is preferably 5 to 50 nm, more preferably 7 to 14 nm. These fine particles are preferably used in the cellulose ester film in order to generate irregularities of 0.01 to 1.0 μm on the surface of the cellulose ester film. The content of the fine particles in the cellulose ester is preferably 0.005 to 0.3% by mass with respect to the cellulose ester.

  Examples of the fine particles of silicon dioxide include Aerosil 200, 200V, 300, R972, R972V, R974, R202, R812, OX50, TT600 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., preferably Aerosil 200V, R972. , R972V, R974, R202, R812. Two or more kinds of these fine particles may be used in combination. When using 2 or more types together, it can mix and use in arbitrary ratios. In this case, fine particles having different average particle sizes and materials, for example, Aerosil 200V and R972V can be used in a mass ratio of 0.1: 99.9 to 99.9: 0.1.

  The presence of fine particles in the film used as the matting agent can be used for another purpose to improve the strength of the film. The presence of the fine particles in the film can also improve the orientation of the cellulose ester itself constituting the optical film of the present invention.

(Film formation by melt casting method)
The optical film of the present invention is characterized by being formed by a melt casting method.

  The molding method by melt casting, which is heated and melted without using the solvent used in the solution casting method (for example, methylene chloride, etc.), more specifically, melt extrusion molding method, press molding method, inflation method, injection molding method , Blow molding method, stretch molding method and the like. Among these, in order to obtain a polarizing plate protective film having excellent mechanical strength and surface accuracy, the melt extrusion method is excellent.

  The winding length of the optical film of the present invention is preferably 500 to 5000 m, and more preferably 1000 to 5000 m. It is also preferable to wind up by providing a knurling with a height of 0 to 25% of the film thickness at both ends of the width.

  In order to stably produce such a very long film, it is important how the molecular weight is not reduced during melt film formation. When the molecular weight is lowered, the film becomes brittle and breakage tends to occur, and it is difficult to obtain a film having the above length. In order to prevent the decrease in molecular weight, not only the above-mentioned stabilizers are added, but also solvents, impurities, oxygen, moisture, etc. mixed before the material purchase or synthesis are removed as much as possible before the melting process. It is important to keep it. Film formation by the melt casting method has a significantly higher temperature at the time of film formation than the solution casting method. Therefore, if oxygen, moisture, or chemically active impurities are mixed, the cellulose ester is decomposed. This is because it will be promoted.

  It is preferable that volatile components such as moisture and impurities are removed before film formation or before melting. A method by drying can be applied to this removal method, and it can be performed by a method such as a heating method, a reduced pressure method, or a heated reduced pressure method. Drying may be performed in air or in an atmosphere in which an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon is selected as the inert gas. These inert gases preferably have a low water or oxygen content. The oxygen concentration is preferably 0.1% or less, and the dew point of the gas is preferably −30 ° C. or less. Most preferably, it does not contain substantially. When these known drying methods are performed, it is preferable in terms of film quality to be performed in a temperature range where the film constituting material does not decompose. For example, the moisture or impurities remaining after removal in the drying step is preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the film constituent materials. It is.

  In particular, the moisture content of the cellulose ester resin is preferably less than 0.3% by mass. These characteristic values can be measured by ASTM-D817-96. The cellulose ester is preferably used as 0.1 to 1000 ppm by further reducing the moisture by heat treatment.

  The amount of residual organic impurities can be measured by a headspace gas chromatography method. That is, a known amount of cellulose ester film is heated in a sealed container at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes, and the organic solvent contained in the gas phase in the sealed container is quantified by gas chromatography. From this result, the residual organic solvent amount (%) can be calculated.

  The film constituent material can reduce the generation of volatile components by drying before film formation, and the resin alone, or at least one mixture or compatible material other than the resin among the resin and the film constituent material. It can be divided and dried. The preferable drying temperature is preferably 80 ° C. or higher and the Tg or melting point of the material to be dried. Including the viewpoint of avoiding fusion between materials, the drying temperature is more preferably 100 to (Tg-5) ° C, and still more preferably 110 to (Tg-20) ° C. A preferable drying time is 0.5 to 24 hours, more preferably 1 to 18 hours, and still more preferably 1.5 to 12 hours. Below these ranges, the removal rate of volatile components may be low, or drying may take too long, and when Tg is present in the material to be dried, heating to a drying temperature higher than Tg will cause the material to be removed. May be difficult to handle due to fusion. Drying is preferably performed at 1 atm or less, and particularly preferably performed while reducing the pressure from vacuum to 1/2 atm. Drying is preferably performed while appropriately stirring the material such as resin, and the fluidized bed system in which drying air or dry nitrogen is fed from the lower part in the drying container can perform necessary drying in a shorter time. It is preferable because it is possible.

  The drying process may be separated into two or more stages. For example, the material may be formed using a material that has been subjected to storage of the material in the preliminary drying process and drying immediately before film formation to immediately before a week. .

  After removing volatile components such as moisture and impurities in the film forming material by the drying process, the film forming material is individually or pre-mixed / pelleted and sent to a heated barrel for melting and flowing. After being formed, it is extruded into a sheet shape by a T-die, and brought into close contact with a cooling drum or an endless belt by an electrostatic application method or the like, and cooled and solidified to be solidified into a sheet shape to obtain an unstretched sheet. These processes are called casting processes.

  In view of the physical properties of the obtained optical film, the melting temperature (temperature in the barrel) is preferably in the range of 150 to 250 ° C, more preferably 180 ° C to 230 ° C, and still more preferably 190 ° C to 220 ° C. ° C. The temperature of the cooling drum is preferably maintained at 90 to 150 ° C. If the temperature of the drum is 90 ° C. or lower, the sheet extruded from the die is rapidly cooled, and the structure in the film may become uneven or brittle in the film thickness direction. It is preferable. On the other hand, when the temperature is 150 ° C. or higher, the cooling rate of the unstretched sheet becomes slow and the productivity is lowered, which is not preferable.

  When the optical film of the present invention is a polarizing plate protective film, the thickness of the protective film is preferably 10 to 500 μm. 10-100 micrometers is especially preferable, 20-80 micrometers is preferable, Especially preferably, it is 30-60 micrometers. If the optical film is thicker than the above region, for example, when used as a polarizing plate protective film, the polarizing plate after polarizing plate processing becomes too thick, especially in the liquid crystal display used in notebook computers and mobile electronic devices It is not suitable for the purpose. On the other hand, if the thickness is smaller than the above region, the film has high moisture permeability, and the ability to protect the polarizer from humidity decreases, which is not preferable. Moreover, in the retardation film, since it becomes difficult to express retardation, it is not preferable.

  In the solution casting method, when the film thickness is increased, the drying (solvent removal) load is remarkably increased. However, in the present invention, a drying (solvent removal) step is not required, so a film having a large film thickness is improved in productivity. Can be manufactured. Therefore, there is an advantage that it is easier than ever to increase the thickness of the film in accordance with the purpose of providing a necessary phase difference or reducing moisture permeability. Moreover, even if it is a film with a thin film thickness, it has the effect that it can be produced with high productivity by extending | stretching such a thick film. In addition, the film thickness of the film at the time of extending | stretching becomes thin in inverse proportion to the draw ratio. For example, when the unstretched sheet is 200 μm, a 100 μm film can be obtained by stretching twice.

  The film thickness variation of the optical film support is preferably ± 3%, more preferably ± 1%, and still more preferably ± 0.1%. These film thickness fluctuations can be reduced by stretching.

  In view of the recent increase in the size of liquid crystal displays, the width of the polarizing plate protective film is preferably 1 m or more. On the other hand, if it exceeds 4 m, the apparatus becomes large and difficult to convey, so the width of the optical film of the present invention is preferably 1 to 4 m, particularly preferably 1.4 to 2 m. Since it is difficult to extrude the cellulose ester flowing from the barrel uniformly from the die to a width of 1.4 m or more, it is difficult to obtain a film having a width of 1.4 m or more unless it is laterally stretched. It is.

(Stretching process)
Next, the stretching process will be described.

  The optical film using the cellulose ester of the present invention can lower the melting temperature and suppress the decrease in the molecular weight of the cellulose ester after melt extrusion, so that it is difficult to break during transportation, high yield and high speed. Can be manufactured. In addition, a film with good flatness can be obtained even if it is unstretched due to low viscosity at the time of dissolution, and furthermore, since it can be stretched at a high magnification, an optical film with better flatness can be obtained. Furthermore, an optical film can be manufactured with high productivity.

  After being extruded from the barrel and brought into close contact with the cooling drum, the film peeled off from the cooling drum is subjected to transverse stretching, longitudinal stretching, or stretching in an oblique direction as disclosed in JP-A-2004-226465. By doing so, the planarity can be improved and the production speed can be improved. These stretching operations may be performed a plurality of times, and when performing the stretching a plurality of times, they may be performed simultaneously or sequentially. When stretching is performed a plurality of times, the product of all the stretching ratios becomes the final stretching ratio. For example, if 2 times of stretching is performed twice, the final stretching ratio is 4 times.

  In addition, the refractive index of cellulose ester increases in the stretched direction, and a slow axis is formed. Therefore, the draw ratio is determined within the range of optical properties to be satisfied by the finally obtained film.

  When it is desired to reduce the retardation in the film plane as much as possible, biaxial stretching is preferred. By stretching at the same magnification in the direction orthogonal to the first stretching axis, the occurrence of birefringence due to the first stretching is canceled, and an isotropic film can be obtained.

  On the other hand, when obtaining a retardation film that has the effect of expanding the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display, the ratio of the first stretching and the second stretching is changed, and one of the stretching ratios is the other stretching An optically anisotropic film can be obtained by stretching so as to be larger than the magnification. In this case, the draw ratio between the width direction and the longitudinal direction is preferably 1.1 to 2.0, more preferably 1.2 to 1.5.

  When stretching a plurality of times, the film may be stretched from the longitudinal direction or from the width direction, but after the stretching process in the width direction, the transport width of the film becomes large, and the transport device Therefore, it is preferable to perform stretching in the width direction after stretching in the longitudinal direction.

  The final draw ratio of the optical film is preferably 1.5 to 4.0 times. If it is less than 1.5 times, the flatness of the resulting film may be inferior. On the other hand, stretching more than 4.0 times is difficult even if the cellulose ester of the present invention is used, and it is not preferable because there is a high possibility that fracture occurs in the stretching process. More preferably, it is stretched 2.0 to 3.0 times.

  Initially, the extending | stretching method of a longitudinal direction (MD) is demonstrated.

  After being extruded from the barrel and brought into close contact with the cooling drum, the film peeled off from the cooling drum is heated again in the longitudinal direction through one or more roll groups and / or a heating device such as an infrared heater. Single-stage or multistage MD stretching may be performed.

  When stretching, assuming that the glass transition temperature of the film of the present invention is Tg, it is heated in the range of (Tg-30) to (Tg + 100) ° C., more preferably (Tg-20) to (Tg + 80) ° C. It is preferable to stretch in the (longitudinal direction; MD) or width direction (TD). It is preferable to perform transverse stretching within the temperature range of (Tg-20) to (Tg + 20) ° C. and then heat-set. It is also preferable to perform relaxation treatment after the stretching step.

  The Tg of the optical film can be controlled by the material type constituting the film and the ratio of the constituting materials. In the application of the present invention, the Tg when the film is dried is preferably 110 ° C. or higher, more preferably 120 ° C. or higher. This is because when the optical film of the present invention is used for a liquid crystal display device, if the Tg of the film is lower than the above, the temperature and humidity of the use environment and the influence of the heat of the backlight cause the molecules fixed inside the film. The orientation state is affected, and there is a high possibility that the retardation value and the dimensional stability and shape as a film are greatly changed. In addition, the shape of the film may not be maintained. Conversely, if the Tg of the film is too high, it becomes difficult to produce because it approaches the decomposition temperature of the film constituting material, and the presence of a volatile component or coloring may occur due to the decomposition of the material itself used when forming a film. Accordingly, the glass transition temperature is preferably 180 ° C. or lower, more preferably 150 ° C. or lower. At this time, the Tg of the film can be determined by the method described in JIS K7121.

  Next, the extending | stretching method of a lateral direction (TD) is demonstrated.

  In the case of TD stretching, it is preferable to perform transverse stretching while sequentially raising the temperature difference in the range of 1 to 50 ° C. in a stretching region divided into two or more, because the distribution of physical properties in the width direction can be reduced. Further, after transverse stretching, it is preferable that the film is held at a temperature not higher than the final TD stretching temperature and not lower than Tg−40 ° C. for 0.01 to 5 minutes because the distribution of physical properties in the width direction can be further reduced.

  The heat setting is performed at a temperature higher than the final TD stretching temperature and usually within 0.5 to 300 seconds within a temperature range of Tg-20 ° C. or less. Under the present circumstances, it is preferable to heat-fix, heating up sequentially in the range from which a temperature difference becomes 1-100 degreeC in the area | region divided into 2 or more.

  The heat-set film is usually cooled to Tg or less, and clip holding portions at both ends of the film are cut and wound. At this time, it is preferable to perform a relaxation treatment of 0.1 to 10% in the lateral direction and / or the longitudinal direction within a temperature range of not more than the final heat setting temperature and not less than Tg. In addition, it is preferable that the cooling is gradually performed from the final heat setting temperature to Tg at a cooling rate of 100 ° C. or less per second. Means for cooling and relaxation treatment are not particularly limited, and can be performed by a conventionally known means. In particular, it is preferable to carry out these treatments while sequentially cooling in a plurality of temperature ranges from the viewpoint of improving the dimensional stability of the film. The cooling rate is a value obtained by (T1-Tg) / t, where T1 is the final heat setting temperature and t is the time until the film reaches Tg from the final heat setting temperature.

  More optimal conditions of these heat setting conditions, cooling, and relaxation treatment conditions vary depending on the type of additives such as cellulose ester and plasticizer constituting the film, so the physical properties of the obtained biaxially stretched film are measured and preferable characteristics are obtained. What is necessary is just to determine by adjusting suitably so that it may have.

  The in-plane retardation value (Ro) and the retardation value (Rth) in the thickness direction of the optical film according to the present invention are preferably 0 ≦ Ro and Rth ≦ 70 nm when used as a polarizing plate protective film. More preferably, 0 ≦ Ro ≦ 20 nm and 0 ≦ Rth ≦ 50 nm, and more preferably 0 ≦ Ro ≦ 10 nm and 0 ≦ Rth ≦ 30 nm. When used as a retardation film, 30 ≦ Ro ≦ 100 nm and 70 ≦ Rth ≦ 400 nm, and more preferably 35 ≦ Ro ≦ 65 nm and 90 ≦ Rth ≦ 180 nm. Further, the variation of Rth and the width of distribution are preferably less than ± 10%, more preferably less than ± 5%. More preferably, it is less than ± 1%, and most preferably, there is no fluctuation of Rth.

  The retardation values Ro and Rth can be obtained by the following equations.

Ro = (nx−ny) × d
Rth = ((nx + ny) / 2−nz) × d
Here, d is the thickness (nm) of the film, the refractive index nx (also referred to as the maximum refractive index in the plane of the film, the refractive index in the slow axis direction), ny (in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis in the film plane). ) (Refractive index of the film in the thickness direction).

  The retardation values (Ro) and (Rth) can be measured using an automatic birefringence meter. For example, it can be obtained at a wavelength of 590 nm using KOBRA-21ADH (Oji Scientific Instruments) under an environment of 23 ° C. and 55% RH.

  The slow axis is preferably in the width direction ± 1 ° or the longitudinal direction ± 1 ° of the film. More preferably, it is ± 0.7 ° with respect to the width direction or the longitudinal direction, and further preferably ± 0.5 ° with respect to the width direction or the longitudinal direction. By setting it as such a range, the contrast of the liquid crystal display obtained can be raised.

  Since the optical film of the present invention does not substantially use a solvent in the film forming process, the amount of residual organic solvent contained in the optical film wound up after film formation is stably less than 0.1% by mass. Thus, it is possible to provide an optical film having more stable flatness and Rth than before. In particular, it is possible to provide an optical film having stable flatness and Rth even in a long roll of 100 m or more. The optical film is not particularly limited with respect to the winding length, and is preferably used even if it is 1500 m, 2500 m, or 5000 m.

  It is difficult to reduce the residual organic solvent amount (%) of the optical film produced by the solution casting method to 0.1% by mass or less. For this purpose, a long drying step is required. An optical film having an extremely low residual organic solvent content can be obtained at a low cost, and a cellulose ester film having excellent characteristics as an optical film can be obtained.

  In the film forming process, the clip gripping portions at both ends of the cut film are pulverized or granulated as necessary, and then used as a raw material for the same type of film or for different types of film. It may be reused as a raw material.

(Functional layer)
In the production of the optical film of the present invention, functions such as an antistatic layer, a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer, a slippery layer, an easy adhesion layer, an antiglare layer, a barrier layer, and an optical compensation layer before and / or after stretching. A sex layer may be applied. In particular, it is preferable to provide at least one layer selected from an antistatic layer, a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer, an easy adhesion layer, an antiglare layer, and an optical compensation layer. At this time, various surface treatments such as corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, and chemical treatment can be performed as necessary.

  Moreover, the cellulose ester film of a laminated structure can also be produced by coextruding a composition containing a cellulose resin having different additive concentrations such as the above-mentioned plasticizer, ultraviolet absorber and matting agent. For example, a cellulose ester film having a structure of skin layer / core layer / skin layer can be produced. For example, the matting agent can be contained in the skin layer in a large amount or only in the skin layer. More plasticizers and UV absorbers can be added to the core layer than the skin layer, and may be added only to the core layer. It is also possible to change the type of plasticizer and ultraviolet absorber between the core layer and the skin layer. For example, the skin layer contains a low-volatile plasticizer and / or an ultraviolet absorber, and the core layer has excellent plasticity. It is also possible to add a plasticizer or an ultraviolet absorber excellent in ultraviolet absorption. The Tg of the skin layer and the core layer may be different, and the Tg of the core layer is preferably lower than the Tg of the skin layer. Also, the viscosity of the melt containing the cellulose ester during melt casting may be different between the skin layer and the core layer, and the viscosity of the skin layer> the viscosity of the core layer or the viscosity of the core layer ≧ the viscosity of the skin layer.

(Polarizer)
The production method of the polarizing plate using the optical film of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be produced by a general method. The obtained optical film is subjected to alkali treatment, and the optical film of the present invention is bonded to at least one surface of a polarizer prepared by immersing and stretching a polyvinyl alcohol film in an iodine solution using a completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution. The optical film of the present invention may be bonded to both surfaces of the polarizer as a polarizing plate protective film.

  In addition, as a conventional polarizing plate protective film, Konica Minoltack KC8UX, KC4UX, KC5UX, KC8UY, KC4UY, KC8UCR-3, KC8UCR-4, KC12UR, KC8UXW-H, KC8UYW-HA, KC8UX-RHA Cellulose ester films such as those manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation can be used.

  Further, instead of the alkali treatment, easy-adhesion processing as described in JP-A-6-94915 and JP-A-6-118232 may be applied to perform polarizing plate processing.

  The polarizing plate is composed of a polarizer and a protective film for protecting both surfaces of the polarizer, and can further be constructed by laminating a protective film on one surface of the polarizing plate and a separate film on the opposite surface. The protective film and the separate film are used for the purpose of protecting the polarizing plate at the time of shipping the polarizing plate and at the time of product inspection. In this case, the protect film is bonded for the purpose of protecting the surface of the polarizing plate, and is used on the side opposite to the surface where the polarizing plate is bonded to the liquid crystal plate. Moreover, a separate film is used in order to cover the adhesive layer bonded to a liquid crystal plate, and is used on the surface side which bonds a polarizing plate to a liquid crystal cell.

(Liquid crystal display device)
In a liquid crystal display device, a substrate containing a liquid crystal is usually disposed between two polarizing plates, but a polarizing plate protective film to which the optical film of the present invention is applied has high flatness and retardation, so An excellent display property can be obtained even if it is disposed in the position. A polarizing plate protective film provided with a clear hard coat layer, an antiglare layer, an antireflection layer, or the like is preferably used for this portion of the polarizing plate protective film on the outermost display side of the liquid crystal display device. In the case of a polarizing plate protective film provided with an optical compensation layer, or a polarizing plate protective film provided with an appropriate optical compensation capability by stretching operation or the like, it is excellent in being disposed at a site in contact with the liquid crystal cell. Displayability is obtained. In particular, the use of the present invention for a multi-domain type liquid crystal display device, more preferably a multi-domain type liquid crystal display device with a birefringence mode, can further exhibit the effects of the present invention.

  Multi-domain is a method of dividing a liquid crystal cell that constitutes one pixel into a plurality of parts, and is suitable for improving the viewing angle dependency and the symmetry of image display. Various methods have been reported. “Okita, Yamauchi: Liquid Crystal, 6 (3), 303 (2002)”. The liquid crystal display cell is also shown in “Yamada, Yamabara: Liquid Crystal, 7 (2), 184 (2003)”, but is not limited thereto.

  The display quality of the display cell is preferably symmetrical with respect to human observation. Therefore, when the display cell is a liquid crystal display cell, the domains can be multiplied substantially giving priority to the symmetry on the observation side. A known method can be used to divide the domain, and can be determined by taking into account the properties of the known liquid crystal mode by a two-division method, more preferably a four-division method.

  The polarizing plate of the present invention includes an MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment) mode represented by a vertical alignment mode, in particular, an MVA mode divided into four, a known PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) mode and an electrode multi-domained by an electrode arrangement. It can be effectively used in a CPA (Continuous Pinwheel Alignment) mode in which arrangement and chiral ability are fused. In addition, a proposal of an optically biaxial film is also disclosed in conformity to the OCB (Optical Compensated Bend) mode, and “T. Miyashita, T. Uchida: J. SID, 3 (1), 29 ( 1995) ", the polarizing plate of the present invention can also exhibit the effect of the present invention in display quality. If the effect of this invention can be expressed by using the polarizing plate of this invention, arrangement | positioning of a liquid crystal mode and a polarizing plate will not be limited.

  Since the liquid crystal display device has high performance as a device for colorization and moving image display, the display quality of the liquid crystal display device using the optical film of the present invention, particularly a large-sized liquid crystal display device is less fatigued and faithful. Display is possible.

  EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

<< Production of optical film >>
Example 1
(Composition 1)
Cellulose acetate propionate 1 (weight average molecular weight; 200,000, acetyl group substitution degree; 1.95, propyl group substitution degree; 0.75) 30 g
Alcohol: 30 g of heptyl alcohol
The above composition is thoroughly mixed in a mortar.

(Composition 2)
Cellulose acetate propionate 1 9980g
Composition 1 40 g
80 g of trimethylolpropane tribenzoate (Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
TINUVIN 144 (Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 5g
The following ultraviolet absorber LA-31 (Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 12g
R972V (Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) 3g

The composition 2 was stirred with a Henschel mixer at 3000 rpm for 3 minutes to disperse the additive and mix with cellulose. A part (20-30 g) of the obtained mixture was set aside for melting point and melt viscosity measurement. While pulling a vacuum pump with a vacuum dryer (Yamato DP41), the obtained mixture was injected with N ₂ gas having a dew point of −40 ° C. from a purge port, and was in a dry N ₂ atmosphere at 130 ° C. for 3 hours. And dried. It was 120 ppm when the moisture content of the molded product after drying was measured by a coulometric titration method using a Karl Fischer moisture content measurement device (manufactured by Dia Instruments: CA-06, VA-06).

  The dried mixture is put into a twin-screw molding machine equipped with a T die, the screw speed is 200 rpm, the temperature in the barrel (melting temperature) is set to 240 ° C., and melted and fluidized cellulose ester composition. After being cast on a cooling drum maintained at 130 ° C., the film is stretched 25% in the flow direction (MD) and 25% in the width direction (TD) (the final stretch ratio is 1.56 times). An optical film having a thickness of about 100 μm was produced.

Molding conditions; (input temperature) 80 ° C
(Barrel temperature) 240 ° C
(T die temperature) Temperature listed in Table 3 (222 ° C)
(Screw speed) 200rpm
(Extrusion amount) 3kg / hr
(Residence time) 3 minutes
(T die lip) 250μm
Winding conditions: A film of 100 μm was prepared by winding with a winding roller and adjusting the roller nip and roller peripheral speed.

(Roller nip) 250 μm
(Roller temperature) 130 ° C
(Roller peripheral speed) 2000mm / min
About Examples 2-17 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it changes like the composition (alcohol kind and its addition amount) of the following Table 1, and T-die temperature of Table 2, and it changes like Example 1. An optical film was produced. Table 3 shows the valence, C number, melting point, and boiling point of the alcohols used.

<Evaluation>
The following evaluation was implemented using the produced optical films of Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

(Melting point: T1 / 2)
A constant temperature increase test was performed with a flow tester CFT-500D (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) to determine the melting point (T1 / 2).

<Measurement condition>
Temperature rising speed: 4 ° C / min
Starting temperature: 190 ° C
Preheat; 60 sec
Load; 1 × 10 ⁷ Pa
<How to find T1 / 2>
The temperature (° C.) vs. stroke variation (mm) is measured from the constant speed heating test. The temperature at 1/2 of the total stroke change amount was defined as T1 / 2 (melting point).
(Melt viscosity (240 ° C., 100 sec ⁻¹ ))
A constant temperature test was performed with a flow tester CFT-500D (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and a shear rate (sec-1) and a melt viscosity (Pa · s) were measured.

<Measurement condition>
Measurement temperature: 240 ° C
Preheat; 3 minutes Load; 9.8 × 10 ⁵ Pa to ³ × 10 ⁷ Pa
The load (weight) was appropriately adjusted so that the shear rate was in the range of 100 to 10,000, and 5 points (5 points of shear rate) were measured at a measurement temperature of 240 ° C. The shear rate and the melt viscosity were plotted, and from the linearity, the melt viscosity at 240 ° C. and a shear rate of 100 sec ⁻¹ was obtained.

(Moisture content of the mixture)
The water content was determined by measuring the water content by a coulometric titration method using a Karl Fischer water content measuring device (manufactured by Dia Instruments: CA-06, VA-06).

(Molecular weight retention)
Molecular weight retention: The weight average molecular weight Mw0 of the cellulose ester before being supplied to the melt extruder and the weight average molecular weight Mw1 of the cellulose ester after the melt extrusion were measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and Mw1 / Mw0 × 100 (%) was defined as the molecular weight retention. It is judged that the closer to 100%, the smaller the thermal degradation and the better.

(transparency)
The transparency of the obtained film was visually evaluated.

○: Colorless and transparent △; Partly cloudy ×: Whole cloudiness (Evaluation of bleed out)
The obtained sample was placed in a constant temperature and humidity environment of 80 ° C. and 90% RH for 300 hours, and the elution state of the additive was visually evaluated.

○: Same as the initial state (no change)
△: Additive elution (bleeding) is partially observed ×: Additive elution (bleeding) is seen in the whole (evaluation of moisture permeability)
The moisture permeability was measured according to the method described in JIS Z0208. The measurement conditions are 40 ° C. and 90% RH. In all the samples of Examples 1 to 17, the moisture permeability was at a practical level (500 to 700 g / m ² · 24 hr).

  The above evaluation results are shown in Table 4 below.

  In any case of Examples 1 to 11, the melting point (T1 / 2) was 220 ° C. or less, and the melt viscosity was 2500 Pa · s or less, and a satisfactory melting point reduction effect and viscosity reduction effect were obtained. These examples were molded into films and their characteristics were evaluated, but all of them were characteristic values within the practical range, and no particular problem occurred.

  On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 had a high melting point and melt viscosity, and Comparative Example 2 had problems with transparency and bleed out.

  In Examples 12 to 15, since the addition amount of alcohols was outside the preferable range (0.5 to 5% by mass) of the present invention, the effects of lowering melt viscosity and bleeding out properties were slightly reduced.

  In Example 16, since the boiling point was low, the effect of bleed-out was slightly reduced. In Example 17, the melting point was 60 ° C. or higher, so the effect of decreasing the melt viscosity was slightly reduced.

<Production of polarizing plate>
A 120 μm-thick polyvinyl alcohol film was uniaxially stretched (temperature: 110 ° C., stretch ratio: 5 times). This was immersed in an aqueous solution composed of 0.075 g of iodine, 5 g of potassium iodide, and 100 g of water for 60 seconds, and then immersed in an aqueous solution at 68 ° C. composed of 6 g of potassium iodide, 7.5 g of boric acid, and 100 g of water. . This was washed with water and dried to obtain a polarizer.

  Subsequently, according to the following processes 1-5, the polarizing plate was produced using the polarizer and the produced optical films of Examples 1-17 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 on both sides.

  Step 1: The optical film was immersed in a 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution at 60 ° C. for 90 seconds, then washed with water and dried to saponify the side to be bonded to the polarizer.

  Process 2: The said polarizer was immersed in the polyvinyl alcohol adhesive tank of 2 mass% of solid content for 1-2 seconds.

  Step 3: Excess adhesive adhered to the polarizer in Step 2 was gently wiped, and this was placed on each optical film treated in Step 1 and laminated.

Step 4: The optical film and the polarizer laminated in Step 3 were bonded at a pressure of 20 to 30 N / cm ² and a conveyance speed of about 2 m / min.

  Process 5: The sample which bonded the optical film produced in process 4 and the polarizer in the 80 degreeC dryer was dried for 2 minutes, and the polarizing plate was produced.

<Production of liquid crystal display device>
A liquid crystal panel to be evaluated for visibility was prepared as follows, and the characteristics as a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device were evaluated.

<Viewing angle evaluation of MVA mode type liquid crystal display>
In Fujitsu 15-type liquid crystal display VL-1530S, the polarizing plate previously bonded to the liquid crystal television was peeled off, and the prepared polarizing plate was bonded to the glass surface of the liquid crystal cell in the MVA mode type liquid crystal cell.

  At that time, the polarizing plates and the liquid crystal display device were evaluated by attaching the two polarizing plates so as to be perpendicular to each other so that the polarizing axes of the polarizing plates were not changed from each other so that the liquid crystal cell was sandwiched. Then, the polarizing plate using the optical film of Examples 1-17 of this invention and a liquid crystal display device are high contrast with respect to the polarizing plate using the optical film of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and a liquid crystal display device, Excellent display was shown. Thereby, it was confirmed that it is useful as a polarizing plate for an image display device such as a liquid crystal display and can provide excellent visibility as a liquid crystal display device. In particular, polarizing plates and liquid crystal display devices using the optical films of Examples 1 to 11 had excellent visibility even after long-term use.

Claims (8)

In the method for producing an optical film in which at least a cellulose ester resin, a plasticizer, and an antioxidant are melted by heating and cast into a film, an alcohol is added at a stage prior to the heating and melting. Manufacturing method of optical film. The method for producing an optical film according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is a monovalent alcohol having 7 or more carbon atoms. The method for producing an optical film according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is a polyhydric alcohol having a melting point of 60 ° C. or lower and a boiling point of 160 ° C. or higher. The method for producing an optical film according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the alcohol added is 0.1 to 5% by mass. The method for producing an optical film according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the plasticizer is 5 to 15% by mass. An optical film obtained by the method for producing an optical film according to claim 1. A polarizing plate using the optical film according to claim 6 on at least one surface. A liquid crystal display device using the polarizing plate according to claim 7.