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JP2004522516A - 骨インプラント、特に椎間インプラント - Google Patents

骨インプラント、特に椎間インプラント Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004522516A
JP2004522516A JP2002560552A JP2002560552A JP2004522516A JP 2004522516 A JP2004522516 A JP 2004522516A JP 2002560552 A JP2002560552 A JP 2002560552A JP 2002560552 A JP2002560552 A JP 2002560552A JP 2004522516 A JP2004522516 A JP 2004522516A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
bone implant
bone
implant according
hollow body
implant
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Granted
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JP2002560552A
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JP4331481B2 (ja
Inventor
ローベルト マシーズ
ビート レヒマン
ビート ガッサー
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AO Technology AG
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Synthes AG Chur
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/3094Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2/30965Reinforcing the prosthesis by embedding particles or fibres during moulding or dipping
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/442Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28Bones
    • A61F2002/2835Bone graft implants for filling a bony defect or an endoprosthesis cavity, e.g. by synthetic material or biological material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/3006Properties of materials and coating materials
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30593Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30777Oblong apertures
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30784Plurality of holes
    • A61F2002/30785Plurality of holes parallel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30784Plurality of holes
    • A61F2002/30789Plurality of holes perpendicular with respect to each other
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30841Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
    • A61F2002/30843Pyramidally-shaped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/30942Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
    • A61F2002/30957Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using a positive or a negative model, e.g. moulds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
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    • A61F2250/0058Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0096Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
    • A61F2250/0098Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
    • A61F2310/00185Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides
    • A61F2310/00239Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides containing zirconia or zirconium oxide ZrO2
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
    • A61F2310/00293Ceramics or ceramic-like structures containing a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. apatite
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2310/00395Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of metals or of alloys
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

この椎間インプラントは放射線透過性材料からなりかつ環状中空体(1)として構成されている。この椎間インプラントが中空筒部分状の外殻(6)を有し、この外殻は前側部分(9)と後側部分(10)と二つの側部分(11)とを含みかつ筒軸線(7)を限定する。中空体(1)は二つの中間壁(3)によって区画されており、これらの中間壁は実質的に筒軸線(7)と平行に延びかつ外殻の前側部分(9)を後側部分(10)と結合する。骨インプラントの表面(2)は表面粗さが少なくとも2μmである。この表面粗さは新たに成長した骨に対してインプラントへの固定向上、すなわち骨同化の向上を可能とする。

Description

【技術分野】
【0001】
本発明は、請求項1の前文に記載の骨インプラント、特に椎間インプラント、および請求項16の前文に記載の骨インプラントを製造する方法に関する。
【背景技術】
【0002】
この種の骨インプラントがFR−A−2703580 ROBERTにより既知である。この既知の椎間インプラントの欠点は、
A)インプラントの粗いリブを備え、隣接する椎体の端板に接触する上面および底面の平滑な表面が、骨組織の最適な癒合を生じさせず、
B)インプラントの空洞内に充填材を使用する場合、平滑な内壁のゆえにインプラントが容易に滑り落ちることがあることにある。
【0003】
先行技術の上記検討は、本発明を取り囲む環境を解説するためになされたにすぎず、引用された先行技術がこの出願またはその優先権の時点に実際に刊行されまたは一般に知れ渡っていたことを意味するのではない。
【特許文献1】
フランス国特許公開第2703580号
【発明の開示】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
【0004】
この点で本発明は救済策を提供せんとするものである。本発明の課題は、骨組織の癒合にとって最適な表面構造を有する骨インプラント、特に椎間インプラントを提供することである。
【課題を解決するための手段】
【0005】
本発明はこの課題を、請求項1の特徴を有する骨インプラントと請求項16の特徴を有する方法とによって解決する。
本発明に係る少なくとも2μmの表面粗さは新たに成長した骨に対してインプラントへの固定向上、すなわち骨同化の向上を可能にする。
【0006】
好ましい一構成では、中空体が少なくとも二つの中間壁によって区画されており、該中間壁が好ましくは一つの横控えによって互いに支えられている。これらの中間壁は椎体の隣接する端板上の載置面を広くし、それとともに面圧を下げ、隣接する椎体内にインプラントが沈み込むのを防止する。しかも、その間にある空洞は骨質構造を有するインプラントの侵入成長を可能とする。
【0007】
他の好ましい一構成では、表面粗さが10μm未満である。過度に粗い表面粗さは残存する先端を弱め、そのことでやはり骨溶解を生じることがあり、それとともに関節固定部が損なわれることになろう。
【0008】
他の好ましい一構成では、中間壁が、好ましくは最小面積3.5mmの穿孔を備えている。側壁の穿孔は新たに成長した骨質構造を、また場合によって最初に装入された充填材料も、立体的に固定するのに役立つ。
【0009】
他の好ましい一構成では、中空体外殻の側部分が、好ましくは最小面積3.5mmの穿孔を有する。外殻の側部分の穿孔は新たに成長した骨質構造を、また一義的にはインプラント挿入中にインプラントホルダも、立体的に固定するのに役立つ。
【0010】
他の好ましい一構成では、放射線透過性材料が下記の群、ポリアリールエーテルケトン(PAEK)、ポリエーテルイミド(PEI)、ポリオキシメチレン(POM)、液晶高分子(LCP)、ポリメチルペンテン(PMP)、ポリスルホン(PSU)、ポリエーテルスルホン(PESUまたはPES)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PETP)、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)および超高分子ポリエチレン(UHMW−PE)から選択されている。
【0011】
これらの好ましい材料は全て柔軟であるが、しかし弾性(剛性)等のさまざまな機械的性質を有し、強さも有する。それらは、他の高分子と比べて一部では好ましいクリープ特性を示し、または低い吸水率を示す。それとともに応用事情に応じて最適な選択が可能である。
【0012】
他の好ましい一構成では、放射線透過性材料が、好ましくは炭素繊維またはPEEK繊維で繊維強化されている。放射線透過性材料の繊維強化は機械的性質を一般的に、または適切に、補強する。
【0013】
他の好ましい一構成では、骨インプラントの総容積Vと中空体の容積vとの間の比V:vが1.9〜2.3の範囲内である。この比は機械的に安定したインプラントの利点を新たに成長した骨質構造の最大容積と結合させることが判明した。
【0014】
他の好ましい一構成では、インプラントの表面が少なくとも一部にX線透過性被覆またはX線透過性に影響しない薄い被覆を備えている。X線透過性被覆の利点は関節固定部の成熟中に観察の可能性を確保する。純粋PEEKは優れた生体適合性をすでに特徴とする一方、好適な素材からなる付加的被覆は機械的性質と、新たに成長した骨とインプラントとの間の境界面を最高にする。好ましくは、X線透過性をさして損なわないごく薄い厚さの金属が被覆材料として適している。特にチタン、金または白金またはその他の好適なインプラント金属が適している。
【0015】
他の好ましい一構成では、被覆がセラミックス材、好ましくはヒドロキシアパタイトまたはリン酸三カルシウムからなる。被覆に適した両方のセラミックス、ヒドロキシアパタイトまたはリン酸三カルシウムは、それらが骨に完全に同化され、または新しい自然な骨組織に取り替えられさえする利点を特徴としている。
【0016】
他の好ましい一構成では、中空体がリン酸カルシウム、好ましくはヒドロキシアパタイトまたはリン酸三カルシウムからなる充填材で少なくとも部分的に充填されている。それとともに関節固定部の支障のない向上したコントロールが達成される。中空体は硫酸カルシウム、脱灰骨(demineralisierter Knochen)、自己由来骨またはコラリン物質からなる充填材を充填することもできる。
【0017】
他の好ましい一構成では、中空体(1)が、好ましくは多孔質の吸収性高分子からなるX線不透過性の充填材で少なくとも部分的に充填されている。充填材をX線不透過にするために、高分子に造影剤が添加される。PLAの場合例えば二酸化ジルコニウム等の標識を添加することができ、PEEKには硫酸バリウムを混加することができる。
【0018】
他の好ましい一構成では、場合によってインプラントに設けられている穿孔がX線不透過性の充填材で少なくとも部分的に充填されている。これにより充填材は落下を防止される。
【0019】
本発明に係る骨インプラントを製造する方法では、環状中空体が射出成形技術、熱間加工技術またはホットプレス技術によって製造される。熱間成形によって高分子はあらゆる成形要素に圧縮され、これは特に、向上した疲れ強度を特徴としている。
【発明を実施するための最良の形態】
【0020】
以下、一実施形態の部分略図に基づいて本発明と本発明の諸構成がなお詳しく説明される。
図1〜図4に示す椎間インプラントは放射線透過性材料(PEEK、これは選択的に炭素繊維またはガラス繊維で強化しておくことができる)からなり、この材料は射出成形法で環状中空体1として構成されている。インプラントが中空筒部分形外殻6を含み、この外殻は前側部分9と後側部分10と二つの側部分11とを有しかつ筒軸線7を限定する。
【0021】
中空体1は二つの中間壁3によって室に区画されており、該中間壁は実質的に筒軸線7と平行に延びかつ外殻の前側部分9を後側部分10に結合する。両方の中間壁3は横控え4によって互いに支えられている。中間壁3は、面積約10mmの穿孔5を備えている。外殻6の側部分11も、面積約10mmの穿孔8を有する。
【0022】
骨インプラントの表面2は表面粗さが6μmであり、X線透過性の薄い金被覆を備えている。骨インプラントの総容積Vと中空体1の容積vとの間の比V:vは約2.1である。
【0023】
中空体1はヒドロキシアパタイトからなるX線不透過性の充填材を充填しておくことができ、留意すべき点として、好ましくは既存の穿孔5;8もX線不透過性の充填材が充填されている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【0024】
【図1】本発明に係る椎間インプラントの斜視図である。
【図2】図1に示すインプラントの平面図である。
【図3】図1に示すインプラントの正面図である。
【図4】図1に示すインプラントの側面図である。

Claims (16)

  1. 放射線透過性材料からなりかつ環状中空体(1)として構成されており、中空筒部分形外殻(6)を有し、この外殻が前側部分(9)と後側部分(10)と二つの側部分(11)とを含みかつ筒軸線(7)を限定する骨インプラント、特に椎間インプラントにおいて、
    A)中空体(1)が少なくとも二つの中間壁(3)によって区画されており、該中間壁が実質的に筒軸線(7)と平行に延びかつ外殻の前側部分(9)を後側部分(10)と結合し、
    B)骨インプラントの表面(2)が少なくとも2μmの表面粗さを有することを特徴とする骨インプラント。
  2. 中間壁(3)が横控え(4)によって互いに支えられていることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の骨インプラント。
  3. 表面粗さが10μm未満であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の骨インプラント。
  4. 中間壁(3)が、好ましくは最小面積3.5mmの穿孔(5)を備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  5. 外殻(6)の側部分(11)が、好ましくは最小面積3.5mmの穿孔(8)を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  6. 放射線透過性材料が下記の群、ポリアリールエーテルケトン(PAEK)、ポリエーテルイミド(PEI)、ポリオキシメチレン(POM)、液晶高分子(LCP)、ポリメチルペンテン(PMP)、ポリスルホン(PSU)、ポリエーテルスルホン(PESUまたはPES)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PETP)、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)および超高分子ポリエチレン(UHMW−PE)から選択されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  7. 放射線透過性材料が、好ましくは炭素繊維、ガラス繊維またはPEEK繊維で繊維強化されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  8. 骨インプラントの総容積Vと中空体(1)の容積vとの間の比V:vが1.9〜2.3の範囲内であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  9. インプラントの表面が少なくとも一部にX線透過性被覆またはX線透過性に実質的に影響しない薄い被覆を備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  10. 被覆が金属、好ましくはチタン、金または白金からなることを特徴とする、請求項9記載の骨インプラント。
  11. 被覆がセラミックス材料、好ましくはヒドロキシアパタイトまたはリン酸三カルシウムからなることを特徴とする、請求項9記載の骨インプラント。
  12. 中空体(1)がリン酸カルシウム、好ましくはヒドロキシアパタイトまたはリン酸三カルシウムからなる充填材で少なくとも部分的に充填されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  13. 中空体(1)が、硫酸カルシウム、脱灰骨、自己由来骨またはコラリン物質からなる充填材を少なくとも部分的に充填されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  14. 中空体(1)が、好ましくは多孔質の吸収性高分子からなる充填材で少なくとも部分的に充填されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  15. 場合によってインプラントに設けられている穿孔(5;8)がX線不透過性の充填材で少なくとも部分的に充填されていることを特徴とする、請求項4〜14のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラント。
  16. 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項記載の骨インプラントを製造する方法において、環状中空体(1)が射出成形技術、熱間加工技術またはホットプレス技術によって製造されることを特徴とする方法。
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