JP2003010860A - Incinerator demolition cleaning wastewater treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a portable treater for cleaning wastewater used for demolishing of an incinerator, which can remove dioxins contained in the wastewater in a short time to an acceptable level. SOLUTION: According to this treater, the cleaning waste water used for the dismolishing of an incinerator is treated by being passed through a pre- settling tank 1, a hold tank 2, a neutralization tank 3, etc., the waste water is mixed with a coagulant and then sent to a granulation tank 11 to coagulate the suspended solids (SS) component in the waste water into a particulate sludge, the particulate sludge is settled in a settlement tank 13 communicating with the tank 11, the treated water overflowed out of the tank 13 is sent to a treated water tank 15, the treated water in the tank 15 is sent to a filter 15 under pressure, and the filtered water is discharged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus for cleaning wastewater generated when an incinerator is dismantled, and more specifically, it treats wastewater containing incinerated ash and dust containing halogenated organic compounds such as dioxins. The present invention relates to an incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and polychlorinated -p- are used as exhaust gas from incinerators such as refuse incinerators.
Dioxins such as dibenzodioxins (PCDD) and their precursors (hereinafter referred to as dioxins) may be contained. Especially, in the conventional incinerator for incinerating municipal solid waste at low temperature, the generation of dioxins is remarkable. , Its use is prohibited now. In the conventional incinerator that generates a large amount of dioxins, incineration ash and dust adhere to the dismantled material, and while cleaning the dismantled material with cleaning water, dioxins do not leak to the outside or scatter. It has been dismantled with great care. A large amount of dioxins is contained in the cleaning water when dismantling the incinerator.

On the other hand, various methods such as an ozone decomposition method, an ultraviolet irradiation ozone decomposition method and a membrane separation method are known as a waste water treatment method for reducing dioxins in the waste water.
The ozone decomposition method is a method of generating a hydroxyl radical having a strong oxidizing power to dehalogenate or decompose dioxins and the like, and the ultraviolet irradiation ozone decomposition method is
By promoting the generation of hydroxy radicals by ultraviolet rays,
Dehalogenation and decomposition of dioxins, etc. are carried out with a smaller amount of ozone than in the case of ozone decomposition alone. The membrane separation method is a method of separating SS components (suspended substances) from wastewater using a membrane and removing dioxins and the like existing in the SS components.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional ozone decomposition method, ultraviolet irradiation ozone decomposition method and membrane separation method have the following problems. That is, a large amount of ozone was required in the ozone decomposition method and the ultraviolet irradiation ozone decomposition method. Therefore, in order to improve the removal efficiency of dioxins and the like, there is a disadvantage that a large amount of alkaline agent is required to promote ozone oxidation, and further, the processing time is long for decomposition, and waste incineration is required. It was not realistic to install it at the furnace dismantling site.

Further, although the membrane separation method can sufficiently remove dioxins incorporated in the SS component in the wastewater, the conventional coagulation-sedimentation method of the SS component did not incorporate the SS component and dissolved in the wastewater. Dioxins and the like have a drawback that they cannot be removed sufficiently. In addition, it is intended for use at the site of dismantling a refuse incinerator, and it is required that the precipitation process can be performed in a short time.

Further, conventionally, there is no compact incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device that can be moved to the demolition site of a refuse incinerator, and there is no device that can be easily installed in a narrow demolition site, and a compact device has been desired.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and reduces dioxins contained in cleaning wastewater generated when an incinerator is dismantled from raw water to an allowable amount in a short time based on sludge treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compact incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device that can be carried and is portable.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is to pass the raw water, which is the cleaning drainage water at the time of dismantling the incinerator, through a pre-sedimentation tank, a storage tank, a neutralization tank, etc. This raw water is mixed with a flocculant and sent to a granulation tank, and the SS component in the raw water is agglomerated in the granulation tank to form granular sludge, and the granular sludge is transferred to a sedimentation tank communicating with the granulation tank. Along with the sedimentation, the treated water that overflows the sedimentation tank is sent to the treated water tank,
The treated water in the treated water tank is pressure-fed to the filtration device, and the filtered treated water that has passed through the filtration device is treated water, and the settled sludge in the pre-sedimentation tank and the granular sludge granulated in the granulation tank are It is an incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment apparatus characterized in that granular sludge fed from the settling tank is pressure-treated to form a dehydrated cake.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, raw water, which is the cleaning wastewater at the time of dismantling the incinerator, is processed through a pre-sedimentation tank, a storage tank, a neutralization tank, etc., mixed with a coagulant, and sent to the granulation tank. SS
The components are aggregated as granular sludge to remove dioxins contained in the raw water, but the granular sludge settles in a sedimentation tank communicating with the granulation tank, and the treated water overflows the sedimentation tank. It flows into the treated water tank, the treated water in the treated water tank is pressure-fed to the filtering device, and the filtered treated water is discharged as treated water. On the other hand, the settled sludge in the pre-sedimentation tank and the granular sludge from the settling tank communicating with the granulation tank are pressurized with a dehydrator to form a dehydrated cake. The filtration device has a function of adsorbing SS components in the treated water and dioxins dissolved in the treated water.

Further, in the invention of claim 2, the coagulant to be introduced into the raw water in the preceding stage of the granulation tank is an inorganic coagulant and an organic coagulant, and in the granulation tank, the molecule produced by the organic coagulant is used. Between the raw water and the SS component in a short time to form a granular sludge, which accelerates the coagulation and precipitation of the SS component and sends the granular sludge to the subsequent settling tank. The incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the SS component in the raw water is fed to the granulation tank by promoting the formation of floc particles with the inorganic coagulant, and further promotes the intermolecular interaction by the organic coagulant, which is short. Flock particles are aggregated in time to grow into granular sludge, and when the granular sludge increases in the granulation tank, it is settled from the overflow port (exhaust port) of the granulation tank to the sedimentation tank.

The invention according to claim 3 is the incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a filter using an activated carbon adsorbent is used in the filtering device.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the filter for removing the SS component, the filter using the activated carbon adsorbent is used in the filtration device. The latter filter dissolves not only the SS component but also the treated water. It has the function of adsorbing dioxins.

In the invention of claim 4, a sampling pump for collecting filtered water is provided in the filtered water tank, and the turbidity and / or acidity of the filtered water sent by the sampling pump is detected. The incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a filtered treated water return system passage for returning the treated water to the treated water tank.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to estimate whether or not the quality of the filtered water in the filtered water tank is such that it can withstand the discharge of water, the filtered water is pumped up by a sampling pump and the filtered water is filtered. A filtration-treated water return system for detecting turbidity and / or acidity is provided, and if the filtration-treated water is judged to be abnormal in turbidity and / or acidity, stop the discharge of the filtration-treated water. The filtered treated water is returned to the treated water tank through the filtered treated water return passage.

Further, the invention of claim 5 is the same as claim 1,
The incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device described in 2, 3, or 4 is a vehicle-mounted type, and the incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device is characterized.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, each tank is incorporated into a pedestal, and the structure is such that it can be mounted on or loaded on a vehicle for transportation. Vehicles equipped with or loaded with an incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device can be easily moved to the dismantling site of the refuse incinerator, and it is a very small size that can process the cleaning wastewater of the dismantling process on-site, It is an incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device that can remove dioxins in raw water.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of an incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a system diagram showing a processing flow of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a processing flow of another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the embodiment of FIG.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, raw water, which is waste water for dismantling and cleaning the incinerator, is sent to the pre-precipitation tank 1.
The clear water is sent to the storage tank 2. The supernatant water of the storage tank 2 is sent to the neutralization tank 3 by the raw water supply pump P1. In the neutralization tank 3 into which the clear water of the raw water is fed, the acidity thereof is measured by the pH measuring device 5, and based on the measured value in the pH measuring device 5, a neutralizing agent such as sulfuric acid ( H
₂ SO ₄ ) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are fed into the neutralization tank 3 to adjust the pH of the supernatant water.
The clear water is sent to the raw water tank 4. The supernatant water of the raw water tank 4 is sent to the granulation and settling tank by the raw water tank water supply pump P2. M1 and M2 are stirrers provided in the pre-precipitation tank 1 and the neutralization tank 3, respectively.

The raw water, which is the supernatant water of the raw water tank 4, is pumped by the raw water tank water supply pump P2 and sent to the granulation and settling tank. In the process, the inorganic coagulant (for example, polyaluminum chloride ( PAC)) is supplied and mixing tube 8
To the mixing tank 10. In the mixing tank 10, the organic coagulant is supplied from the organic coagulant dissolving tank 9 to the raw water and mixed. As the organic coagulant, for example, a polyacrylamide-based polymer coagulant (polymer) such as polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, or sodium polyacrylate is used. The raw water mixed with the inorganic coagulant and the organic coagulant is sent to the granulation tank 11. Granulation tank 1
1 has a structure communicating with a settling tank 13, and a granulating tank 1
In 1, the coagulated sludge made of the inorganic and organic coagulants rapidly becomes pelletized sludge (granular sludge) due to the rotational movement by the stirrer M3 and the intermolecular interaction, and flows down into the settling tank 13. M4 is a stirrer for the precipitation tank 13.

The granulation tank 11 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the bottom portion thereof has an inverted truncated cone shape. An overflow port 11a is provided at an intermediate portion of the granulation tank 11, and an inclined portion 11b is provided at the overflow port 11a. And communicates with the settling tank 13. The diameter of the granulation tank 11 is smaller than that of the settling tank 13, and is integrally formed with the settling tank 13 from the overflow port 11a having the substantially same radius as the granulating tank 11 through the inclined portion 11b.

A stirrer 12 is provided at the lower end of the agitator M3 of the granulating tank 11, and the flow of raw water mixed with the coagulant flowing from the bottom of the granulating tank 11 is blocked by the stirrer 12. Then, it descends along the inner wall of the granulation tank 11, flows upward while swirling, and is further agitated by the agitation blade 12a to form an upward flow in the granulation tank 11. Rotating stirring blade 1
In 2a, an external force is applied to the floc particles so that the floc particles agglomerate and settle to the bottom of the granulation tank 11, and the sludge that has grown into particles (granular sludge) settles to the center, and the granular sludge flows upward. Ride on and circulate upwards. When the granular sludge increases in the granulation tank 11, the granular sludge overflows from the overflow port 11a, descends the inclined portion 11b, and settles in the sedimentation tank 13.

The granulation tank 11 and the sedimentation tank 13 are granulation and sedimentation tanks for granulating and rapidly agglomerating the coagulated sludge.
An inorganic coagulant and an organic coagulant are used for this coagulation-precipitation, and the inorganic coagulant is effective for the formation of floc particles, and the organic coagulant has an intermolecular interaction (Coulomb action, hydrogen bonding force, Polymers are brought into an aggregated state due to hydrophobic binding force, charge transfer binding force, etc.), phase separation occurs, and polymer aggregates become large, so that floc particles aggregate and grow into granular sludge. That is, for the SS component in the raw water, the inorganic flocculant promotes the formation of floc particles, and further, the floc particles form an aggregate of floc particles with the organic flocculant supplied thereafter to form a granular sludge. It is designed to do. This granular sludge contains a large amount of dioxins.

The granular sludge in the granulation tank 11 overflows from the overflow port 11a, descends the inclined portion 11b and is concentrated in the sedimentation tank 13. The supernatant water of the granulation tank 11 flows into the settling tank 13, and the supernatant water flows into the overflow section 13a. Overflow section 1
The coagulated sedimentation treated water that has flowed into 3a flows into the measuring tank 14 and then into the treated water tank 15. In the measuring tank 14, the amount of treated water from the overflow 13a is measured.

The treated water in the treated water tank 15 is supplied by the supply pump P3.
It is pressurized by and is supplied to the filtering device 16. The filtering device 16 is, for example, a cartridge type filtering device, and the filtered water is fed to the filtered treated water tank 17 as treated water. When the treated water in the treated water tank 15 is filtered, the return pipe L1 for returning the treated water to the pre-sedimentation tank 1, the storage tank 2, and the neutralization tank 3 is blocked by a valve.

The filter 16 is mainly provided with S in the treated water in the first stage.
A cartridge-type filter 16a for filtering the S component is provided, and a cartridge-type carbon filter 16 for adsorbing dioxins dissolved in the treated water is provided in the subsequent stage.
b is provided, and the filter 16a and the carbon filter 16b connected in series are configured in two stages in parallel. Several stages of filters are provided in the filters of each stage. In addition, a pressure indicator PA is provided in the front stage of the filtration device 16, and a check valve and the like (not shown) are provided in the front stage and the rear stage of the filtration device 16.

Further, the filter 16a is composed of a polypropylene core having a polypropylene core wound in an accurate diamond shape in a spiral shape and connected in series in several stages. A filter having a filtration accuracy of 1 μm is used. To be As the carbon filter 16b, a filter having a two-layer structure composed of an adsorption zone in which an activated carbon adsorbent was pressure-fixed was used in addition to a filter having a filtration accuracy of 75 μ, 50 μ, and 5 μ with a heat-bonding special polypropylene fiber.

The filtered water that has passed through the filtering device 16 is sent to the filtered water tank 17. The filtering water tank 17 is provided with a sampling pump P4 and a water discharge pump P5. The filtered water pumped up by the sampling pump P4 is sent to the treated water tank 15 through a return pipe (filtered treated water return system path) L2 provided with a turbidity meter 21 and a pH indicator 22. Further, the filtered water pumped up by the water discharge pump P5 is discharged as treated water through the valve 19.
On the other hand, when the valve 18 provided in the return pipe L3 is closed and the turbidity meter 21 and the pH indicator 22 indicate an abnormal value,
The valve 19 is closed and the valve 18 is opened to return the filtered water to the storage tank 2 through the return pipe L3. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the treated water having the discharge reference value or more is not discharged.

On the other hand, the sedimented sludge from the pre-sedimentation tank 1, the granular sludge from the sedimentation tank 13 or the granulation tank 11 is sent to the dehydrator 20 and separated into a dehydrated cake and separated water, and the separated water is The dehydrated cake is returned to the neutralization tank 3 via the return pipe L4 and is sent to an incinerator, an ash melting furnace or the like for disposal.

FIG. 2 is a main part system diagram showing a main part processing flow showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the filtration treatment water tank 17 is provided with a sampling pump P4 and a water discharge pump P5. The filtered water pumped up by the sampling pump P4 is sent to the treated water tank 15 via the return pipe L2 provided with the turbidity meter 21 and the pH indicator 22. Also, the water discharge pump P5
The filtered water pumped up in is discharged as treated water through the electric on-off valve 19 '. On the other hand, the electrically operated on-off valve 18 'provided on the return pipe L3 is closed. Turbidimeter 21 and p
When the H indicator 22 indicates an abnormal value, the electrically operated on-off valve 19 'is automatically closed, the electrically operated on-off valve 18' is opened, and the filtered water is returned to the storage tank 2 through the return pipe L3.
The motorized on-off valves 18 and 19 are solenoid valves or the like.

Therefore, when an abnormal value is detected in the turbidimeter 21, it can be estimated that the dioxin mixed in the SS component is equal to or higher than the reference value. Therefore, when this abnormal value is detected, Automatically opens the motorized on-off valve 18 ',
By controlling the electric on-off valve 19 'to be closed, the treated water mixed with dioxins will not be discharged. Furthermore, if the indicated value of the pH indicator 22 is abnormal,
As with the turbidimeter 21, open the motorized on-off valve 18 ',
The motorized on-off valve 19 'can be controlled to be closed. That is, if either the turbidity meter 21 or the pH indicator 22 shows an abnormal value, the discharge of the treated water can be automatically stopped.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment apparatus of the above embodiment has two blocks B.
1, B2 is a device in which the pre-sedimentation tank 1, the storage tank 2, and the filtered water tank 17 are incorporated. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 3, in the incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device, a neutralization tank 3, a raw water tank 4, a filtering device 16, and a dehydrator 20 are installed in a block B1 and a block B2 is installed. Is a flocculant storage tank 7, an organic flocculant dissolution tank 9, a granulation tank 11, a precipitation tank 13, and a measuring tank 1.
4. The treated water tank 15 and the like are installed on the frame. Since these blocks B1 and B2 can be installed or loaded on a vehicle, it is possible to immediately lay a vehicle equipped with an incinerator dismantling cleaning and drainage treatment device at a demolition site of a refuse incinerator. At the site of dismantling a refuse incinerator, it is possible to immediately remove dioxins contained in the cleaning wastewater generated during dismantling. When the work at the dismantling site of the refuse incinerator is completed, it is possible to easily move to the next dismantling site.

[0033]

EXAMPLE Next, with reference to the incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment apparatus of FIG. 1, the operation result of the apparatus of the example will be described as an example of the present invention. The cleaning wastewater generated at the time of dismantling the refuse incinerator is sludge-like and has a high concentration of SS component, and the SS component contains a very high concentration of dioxins. In the cleaning wastewater at the first dismantling site, if expressed in terms of the toxicity equivalent of dioxins, 10,000 pg-TE
Q / L was mixed. Further, 3,900 pg-TEQ / L represented by the equivalent amount of toxicity was mixed in the cleaning wastewater at the second dismantling site. Further, 61,000 pg-TEQ / L represented by the equivalent amount of toxicity was mixed in the cleaning wastewater at the third dismantling site. These raw waters were processed by the incinerator dismantling cleaning drainage processing apparatus of the embodiment of FIG. The processing results are shown in Table 1.

[0034]

[Table 1]

At the dismantling site, it was confirmed that dioxins can be removed below the discharge standard, although the nature of the cleaning wastewater varies depending on the dismantling site of the incinerator. According to the treatment results at the above-mentioned dismantling site, the toxicity equivalent amount of the filtered treatment water at the first dismantling site was 3.8 pg-TEQ / L, and at the second dismantling site was 3.0 pg-TEQ / L. Also,
At the 3rd dismantling site, it was 0.3 pg-TEQ / L.
Since the discharge standard of wastewater is 10 pg-TEQ / L,
It turned out that the standard was fully achieved.

That is, in the present invention, S contained in raw water
The S component can be aggregated and precipitated by using an inorganic coagulant and an organic coagulant. In particular, the inorganic coagulant forms floc particles due to the SS component, and further the molecules of the organic coagulant are formed in the granulation tank. It is possible to remove dioxins from raw water by aggregating floc particles by a mutual interaction, granulating them into pellets to form granular sludge and aggregating and sedimenting, and reducing it to below the discharge standard of wastewater. It was confirmed.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, the dioxin contained in the cleaning wastewater generated when the refuse incinerator is dismantled is an extremely effective apparatus capable of removing it together with the granular sludge. Since the sludge is discharged as a dehydrated cake, the dehydrated cake has an advantage that it can be easily decomposed by incineration or melting at a high temperature of 850 ° C. or higher.

Further, according to the present invention, the inorganic water and the organic coagulant are used and the granulating tank is used without decomposing the means such as ozone and ultraviolet irradiation to the waste water as in the conventional case, and the raw water is used. There is an advantage that it is possible to reduce the dioxins in the raw water to below the discharge standard in a short time by using the SS component of as a granular sludge.

Further, according to the present invention, since the present apparatus is small and portable and can be mounted or loaded on a vehicle, an incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment apparatus can be set up in a short time while going to a dismantling site. When the dismantling is completed, the vehicle can be moved to the next dismantling site only by moving the vehicle, which is extremely effective.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a treatment flow of an embodiment of an incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a main part system diagram showing a treatment flow of another embodiment of the incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Pre-sedimentation tank 2 storage tanks 3 Neutralization tank 4 raw water tank 5 pH meter 6 pH adjuster 7 Flocculant storage tank 8 mixing tubes 9 Organic Flocculant Dissolution Tank 10 mixing tanks 11 granulation tank 11a Overflow mud 11b inclined part 12 baffle 13 settling tank 14 weighing tank 15 Treated water tank 16 Filtration device 17 Filtration water tank 18, 19 valves 20 dehydrator 21 Turbidimeter 22 pH indicator B1, B2 block P4 sampling pump L1 to L3 return pipe

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) B60P 3/00 B60P 3/00 Q 4G004 C02F 1/28 ZAB C02F 1/28 ZABD 11/12 11/12 Z F-term (reference) 4D015 BA19 BB12 CA20 DA04 DB02 DB03 DB12 EA06 EA16 EA32 FA01 FA02 FA03 FA11 FA22 FA28 4D019 AA03 BA03 BA13 BB02 BC05 CA03 4D024 AA04 AB11 BA02 BB08 BC01 CA04 DB04 DB20 DB21 4D059 ABB A49 A01 A04 ABB AB03 AB06 AB07 BB02 4G004 GA00

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. The raw water that is the cleaning wastewater at the time of dismantling the incinerator,
The raw water is processed through a pre-sedimentation tank, a storage tank, a neutralization tank, etc., and the raw water is mixed with a coagulant and sent to a granulation tank, and the SS component in the raw water is coagulated in the granulation tank to form granular sludge. The sludge is allowed to settle in a settling tank that communicates with the granulation tank, and the treated water that overflows the settling tank is sent to the treated water tank, and the treated water in the treated water tank is sent under pressure to a filtering device, and the filtration is performed. The filtered treated water that has passed through the apparatus is used as treated water, and the settled sludge of the pre-sedimentation tank and the granular sludge from the settling tank into which the granular sludge granulated in the granulation tank is fed are subjected to a pressure treatment to form a dehydrated cake. An incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device characterized by: 2. The coagulant introduced into the raw water in the preceding stage of the granulation tank serves as an inorganic coagulant and an organic coagulant to promote intermolecular interaction by the organic coagulant in the granulation tank,
Aggregate SS components in raw water in a short time to make granular sludge,
The incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the granular sludge is fed to the subsequent settling tank by accelerating the coagulating sedimentation of the SS component. 3. A filter using an activated carbon adsorbent is used in the filtering device.
The incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device described in. 4. A sampling pump for collecting filtered treated water is provided in the filtered treated water tank, and the turbidity and / or acidity of the filtered treated water sent by the sampling pump is detected to provide the treated water tank with The incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a filtered treated water return system for returning is provided. 5. An incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device, wherein the incinerator dismantling cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 is a vehicle-mounted type.