JP2003003474A - Reinforcing earth structure and reinforcing earth block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reinforcing structure and a reinforcing earth block excellent in economy, workability and stability. SOLUTION: A plurality of retaining wall blocks 1 are laid in up-down direction and a lateral direction in mutually adjacent manner, earth fill 2 is made behind the blocks, and further a plurality of earth fill reinforcing members 3 are embedded in the earth fill 2. The retaining wall blocks 1 are mutually jointed together in up-down direction and in a lateral direction by mutual fitting by a coupling key 1e and a key hole 1f respectively provided in each of retaining wall blocks 1 being adjacent in up-down direction and also by mutual linkage of a cavity portion 4 and projected portion 1d respectively provided between the retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 being adjacent in a lateral direction. A vertical coupling rod 5b is continuously inserted to a plurality of the retaining wall blocks 1 being adjacent in up-down direction, and one end of the earth fill reinforcing member 3 is connected to the vertical coupling rod 5b.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wall body formed by laminating a plurality of reinforcing soil blocks, filling a backside of the wall body with embankment, and embedding embankment reinforcements in a plurality of layers in the embankment. The present invention relates to a reinforced soil structure to be constructed and a reinforced soil block used in the reinforced soil structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b) show an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, a site, etc., which is formed into a rectangular parallelepiped shape in FIG. 14 (a). Small concrete block 20 (hereinafter “Block 2
"0") are stacked in multiple layers, and embankment 21 is placed on the back.
Is filled.

Further, a plurality of layers of embankment reinforcement 22 made of geotextile such as synthetic resin net are embedded in the embankment 21, and the tip side 22a of each embankment reinforcement 22 is sandwiched between the upper and lower blocks 20, 20 to be fixed. Has been done.

However, the reinforced soil construction method using the geotextile as the embankment reinforcement 22 has a problem of creep of the geotextile and a large deformation.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14 (b),
Block layer 20 to which the embankment reinforcement 22 is not directly connected
There was a problem of local stability in which A jumped out of the wall due to earth pressure or an earthquake.

Further, in FIG. 15, a reinforced concrete panel 23 (hereinafter referred to as "panel 2" which cannot stand on its own.
3 ”) are connected to each other by a connecting rod 24, and a metal embankment reinforcement 26, which is connected to each panel 23 by a connecting bolt 25, is embedded in the embankment 21.

In the case of the panel-type reinforced earthwork method, the panel 2
Since the embankment reinforcements 26 are connected to each other, the integration between the panel 23 and the embankment 21 is excellent.
Since 3 is large and thin, the stability during construction is poor, and therefore the wall surface is easily deformed, and there is a problem that workability is poor because heavy equipment must be used especially under unstable terrain conditions.

The stability of the wall surface of the reinforced earth method using concrete blocks will be described in more detail. For example, in the case of the panel type reinforced earth method, one side is generally 1.5 m and the thickness is 8 m.
^{cm (1.5 × 1.5 = 2.25m 2} ) square panels 23 formed in the width 10 cm, the embankment 21 by four strip embankment reinforcement 26 formed on the cross-sectional shape with a thickness of 3mm Are being integrated.

Under this earth pressure condition, width 40 cm, height 20 c
If a block 20 having a depth of 30 m and a depth of 30 cm is used,
The surface area is 0.2 × 0.4 = 0.08 m ² , so 2
It requires 8 (2.25 ÷ 0.08) blocks.

Therefore, if the four blocks 20 are fixed by the band-shaped embankment reinforcement, 28-4 = 2.
The four will not be fixed with embankment reinforcements,
The stability of the block 20, which is not fixed by the embankment reinforcement, becomes a problem.

For this reason, conventionally, for example, as shown in FIG. 14A, by laying a geotextile as the embankment reinforcement 22 with its one end 22a sandwiched between the block layers, at least the blocks adjacent in the lateral direction are laid. Twenty of them were integrated with the embankment in the geotextile layer.

[0012] However, there is a problem that the block layer of the embankment reinforcement 20 which is not connected is not integrated with the embankment. Furthermore, when geotextile is used as the embankment reinforcement 20, the wall surface is likely to be displaced due to creep of the geotextile. There are problems, and in order to solve this, it is desirable to use a metal embankment reinforcement that does not cause creep.

However, since the metal embankment reinforcement has a large tensile force, a strip-shaped reinforcement or a rod-shaped reinforcement (including a rebar net) is used as the embankment reinforcement, so that the embankment reinforcement is used in the lateral block layer. A block that is not connected is generated, and the stability of the block becomes a problem. In particular, even if the entire reinforced soil wall is stable, partial collapse will occur, leading to the collapse as a whole.

On the other hand, the reinforced earth method using the block 20 is different from the panel type using a panel,
Since the block 20 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, it is self-supporting, and because each block 20 is formed in a small size, it is lightweight and easy to handle in terms of transportation and stacking, and construction can be performed even on poor terrain. It has advantages such as good sex.

However, as a drawback, as described above, since the block layer composed of the plurality of blocks 20 has a layer fixed by the embankment reinforcement 22 and a layer not fixed by the embankment reinforcement 22, respectively. There was a stability problem with the unfixed block layer. That is, there was a danger that the layer would come off due to the action of earth pressure or an earthquake.

[0016]

As described above, in the conventional block type reinforced soil construction method, the block 20 which is not fixed by the embankment reinforcement 22 is not pushed out by the earth pressure from the embankment 21 side during an earthquake or the like. It is required to construct such a wall body.

Particularly, when a load is applied in the vertical direction during an earthquake, the friction between the upper and lower blocks 20, 20 is reduced, so that the block 2 not fixed by the embankment reinforcement 22.
Not only is 0 pushed forward, but the embankment reinforcement 22 may come off from the block 20, but if all of the blocks 20 are fixed by the embankment reinforcement 22, respectively, the number of embankment reinforcements 22 will increase significantly. However, there was a problem that not only the construction was troublesome but also the design was oversized.

In the conventional reinforced soil structure, the block 20 is formed into a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is self-supporting and stable, but is not particularly integrated with the embankment 21, Moreover, since the upper and lower blocks 20 and 20 are not particularly integrated with each other, there is a risk that the blocks 20 will be laterally or vertically misaligned during an earthquake and the wall surface will collapse, so it cannot be said that the structure is always a stable reinforced earth structure. Met.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a reinforced soil structure and a reinforced soil block which are particularly excellent in economical efficiency, workability and stability. Blocks that are not fixed with embankment reinforcement are appropriately mixed and laminated for economic efficiency and workability,
In addition, with blocks that are not fixed by embankment reinforcement properly mixed, local stability is maintained in the block layer section where embankment reinforcement does not exist, and an integral wall body is constructed as a whole, and uneven soil pressure acts. It is a very stable reinforced earth structure that can prevent the partial block bulges from collapsing due to stress concentration, as long as it allows a slight displacement in the joints even in the event of a large earthquake. And to provide a reinforced soil block.

[0020]

A reinforced soil structure according to claim 1 is one in which a plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks are stacked adjacent to each other in the vertical and lateral directions, and the back of the reinforced soil block is filled with embankment. In the reinforced soil structure in which a plurality of embankment reinforcements are embedded in the embankment, the reinforced soil blocks are formed by engaging the connecting keys and the key holes provided in the reinforced soil blocks with each other. Characterized in that they are connected to each other in the vertical direction and the lateral direction, the number of layers of the embankment reinforcement is less than the number of layers of the reinforcement soil block, and the embankment reinforcement is connected to the reinforcement soil block layer. Is.

In the reinforced soil structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks are stacked adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and the lateral direction, the back portion thereof is filled with the embankment, and the embankment is placed in the embankment. In a reinforced soil structure formed by embedding embankment reinforcements in a plurality of layers, the reinforced soil blocks are cavities or recesses formed between adjacent reinforced soil blocks adjacent to each other in the lateral direction or reinforced soil blocks. The projections formed on the block are connected by engaging with each other,
The number of layers of the embankment reinforcement is smaller than the number of layers of the reinforcement soil block, and the embankment reinforcement is connected to the reinforcement soil block layer.

In the reinforced soil structure according to the third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks are stacked adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and the lateral direction, the back portion thereof is filled with the embankment, and the embankment is placed in the embankment. In a reinforced soil structure in which embankment reinforcements are embedded in multiple layers, the reinforced soil blocks adjacent to each other in the lateral direction of each layer are connected to each other at the upper end of each reinforced soil block in a laterally continuous recess for connection. It is characterized in that the lateral connecting rods are connected to the groove by being inserted across a plurality of reinforcing soil blocks.

In the reinforced soil structure according to claim 4, a plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks are stacked adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and the lateral direction, the back part thereof is filled with the embankment, and the embankment is placed in the embankment. In a reinforced soil structure in which embankment reinforcements are embedded in multiple layers, vertical connecting rods are continuously inserted into vertically adjacent reinforcement soil blocks, and the embankment reinforcing materials are connected to these vertical connecting rods. It is characterized by that.

According to a fifth aspect of the reinforced soil structure of the present invention, a plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks are stacked adjacent to each other in the vertical direction and the lateral direction, the back of the reinforced soil block is filled with the embankment, and the embankment is placed in the embankment. In a reinforced soil structure in which a plurality of embankment reinforcements are embedded, a embankment reinforcement in the embankment near the back surface of at least one layer of the embankment reinforcements not connected to the embankment reinforcements. Is characterized in that a geotextile or a metal net is buried.

The reinforced earth structure according to claim 6 is the reinforced earth structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.
It is characterized in that the reinforced soil blocks are stacked while being set back.

The reinforced soil structure according to claim 7 is the reinforced soil structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 when it is laminated on the upper end and the lower end of the reinforced soil block. It is characterized in that a projection and a recess which are engaged with each other are provided respectively.

The reinforcing earth structure according to claim 8 is the reinforcing earth structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the embankment reinforcing material is used as a laterally adjacent reinforcing earth block. The reinforcing soil blocks connected to each other and the reinforcing soil blocks to which the embankment reinforcing material is not connected are laminated.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reinforced soil structure according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth aspect, in which a strip-shaped reinforcing material is used as an embankment reinforcing material in the embankment. It is characterized in that a rod-shaped reinforcing material or a metallic reinforcing material is embedded.

The reinforcing earth structure according to claim 10 is the reinforcing earth structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, which is formed between adjacent reinforcing earth blocks. The hollow portion, the hollow portion formed in each reinforcing soil block, and / or the back portion of the reinforcing soil block are filled with gravel material.

The reinforced soil block according to claim 11 is the reinforced soil block used in the reinforced soil structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10. ,
It is characterized by being formed from a front surface flange, a rear surface flange and a web, or a front surface flange and a web.

A reinforced soil block according to a twelfth aspect is the reinforced soil block according to the eleventh aspect, characterized in that a cavity for planting is provided.

In any of the reinforced soil structures, the reinforced soil block is not particularly limited in shape as long as it can be self-supporting at least as it is, and as the embankment reinforcement, strip steel or Steel materials such as shaped steel,
Alternatively, a steel bar such as a reinforcing bar or a reinforcing bar mesh in which steel bars are combined can be used. Further, the embankment reinforcing material may be directly or indirectly connected to the back surface portion or the upper end portion of the reinforcing soil block through a fixing metal fitting or a connection key.

Further, when the reinforcing soil blocks are laminated, for example, joints between the reinforcing soil blocks adjacent in the lateral direction are not continuous in the vertical direction and are shifted left and right alternately so as to form a so-called "unbalanced joint". , The reinforcing soil blocks of each stage are laminated, and accordingly, the protrusions protrudingly provided on the upper end of the reinforcing soil blocks of the respective stages are provided with the hollow portions provided between the reinforcing soil blocks laminated on the upper side thereof. By engaging with each other, the upper and lower reinforced soil blocks do not shift laterally due to the so-called "interlocking method" in which the protrusion and the cavity engage, and the upper and lower reinforced soil block layers do not shift back and forth. Can be joined to.

[0034]

1 to 6 show an example of a reinforced soil structure and a reinforced soil block according to the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 is laminated in a plurality of steps to form a wall A of a retaining wall. The reinforcing soil blocks (hereinafter referred to as “retaining wall blocks”) that make up 2 are embankments filled on the back side of the wall A, and reference numeral 3 is a plurality of embankments in the embankment 2 at predetermined intervals in the vertical and lateral directions. The embankment reinforcement is embedded in a layer to prevent the embankment 2 from moving and flowing out to stabilize the embankment 2 and to fix the retaining wall block 1 to the tip of the embankment 2.

As the retaining wall block 1 in this case, for example, there are those shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (f),
In each of the retaining wall blocks 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 5A, a front surface flange 1a and a rear surface flange 1b arranged on the rear surface side (embankment 2 side) substantially parallel to the front surface flange 1a, the front surface flange 1a. And a web 1c arranged between the back flange 1b and the back flange 1b,
The reinforced concrete or fiber reinforced concrete in which reinforcing fibers such as carbon fibers are kneaded is integrally formed into a substantially H-shaped (or I-shaped) plane, for example, so that it can be stably self-supporting as it is.

The front surface flange 1a is formed to be longer than the rear surface flange 1b, and each of the front surface flange 1a, the rear surface flange 1b and the web 1c is formed to have a certain thickness and height so as to maintain sufficient rigidity. ing.

Further, particularly in the structure shown in FIG. 5 (a), a protrusion 1d protruding to a predetermined height is formed on the upper end of the web 1c, and a vertical connection described later is formed substantially at the center of the rear flange 1b. A through hole 1g for inserting the rod 5b is formed.

The vertical dimension L of the protrusion 1d (web 1c
Is smaller than the inner dimension W between the front surface flange 1a and the rear surface flange 1b. By being formed in this way, a plurality of retaining wall blocks 1 are set back and a plurality of steps are formed. When laminated to (for example, Figure 1
(See (a)), the protrusion 1d of the retaining wall block 1 located on the lower side is adjacent to the retaining wall block 1, 1 located on the upper side.
Engages with a cavity 4 (described later) formed therebetween. For this reason, even when a plurality of retaining wall blocks 1 are set back and are laminated in a plurality of stages, the retaining wall blocks 1 can be laminated in an extremely stable state.

5 (b) and 5 (c), for example, a connecting key 1e composed of a reinforcing bar, a stud bolt or the like is provided on the upper end of the flange 1a in the axial direction of the flange 1a (the lateral side of the wall A). Direction), and a key hole 1f into which the connecting key 1e can be inserted is formed at the lower end of the surface flange 1a corresponding to the connecting key 1e.

When the plurality of retaining wall blocks 1 are stacked in a plurality of stages, the connecting keys 1e and the key holes 1f of the vertically adjacent retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 engage with each other (the connecting key 1e is the key hole 1f. The upper and lower retaining wall blocks 1 are connected to each other.

Further, in the structure shown in FIG. 5D, a connecting groove 1h is formed continuously in the axial direction of the surface flange 1a, especially at the upper end of the surface flange 1a.
Then, when the plurality of retaining wall blocks 1 are laminated in a plurality of layers, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, the connecting groove 1h of the retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 adjacent in the lateral direction of each layer is retained. The horizontal connecting rod 5a is continuous in the lateral direction of the wall A and extends across the connecting concave grooves 1h of the plurality of retaining wall blocks 1 adjacent in the lateral direction.
Are inserted, the plurality of laterally adjacent retaining wall blocks 1 are joined together.

Further, in the drawing shown in FIG. 5 (e), in particular, the upper end and the lower end of the surface flange 1a are respectively formed with a projection 1j and a recess 1k which are continuous in the longitudinal direction of the surface flange 1a. . When the plurality of retaining wall blocks 1 are stacked, the retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 that are vertically adjacent to each other
The upper and lower retaining wall blocks 1 are joined to each other by engaging the protrusions 1j and the recesses 1k.

Further, in the drawing shown in FIG. 5 (f), since the opening 1i penetrating downward is formed especially in the web 1c, the weight of the retaining wall block 1 is reduced and the material is saved. After being laminated, by filling gravel in the opening 1i, the shear resistance between the upper and lower retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 is increased to prevent deformation of the wall A due to earth pressure and to improve drainage. It is supposed to be.

6 (a) to 6 (c) also show other examples of the retaining wall block. Among them, for example, the retaining wall block 1 shown in FIG. 6 (a) is parallel to the front surface flange 1a and its rear surface side. It is formed by a plurality of webs 1c, 1c protrudingly provided in the space, and an opening 1i for filling the embankment is formed between the webs 1c, 1c. Further, the retaining wall block 1 shown in FIG. 6 (c) is formed in a plane T shape from the surface flange 1a and the web 1c projecting on the back side thereof.

Further, the retaining wall block 1 shown in FIG. 6 (d) is the same as the retaining wall block explained in FIG. 5 (a).
Further, a planting cavity 1m is provided at the upper end of the surface flange 1a, which is used when the surface side of the wall surface A is greened (see FIG. 13 (c)). In this case, the surface side of the wall surface A can be greened by planting plants in the planting cavity 1m.

As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 6 (a), the width w is wider than the height h and the depth d is set so that each of the retaining wall blocks 1 is self-supporting. It is formed longer than the height h.

Generally, as the size of the retaining wall block 1,
Considering the ease of handling during transportation and construction, the height h is usually 20 to 50 cm, the width w is 20 to 100 cm, the depth d is about 20 to 60 cm, and the weight is 20 to 100 K.
It is desirable to be formed to about g.

The retaining wall block 1 molded in this way is
For example, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), (b) or FIG. 2 (a), the tip of the embankment 2 is laterally adjacent to each other and is laminated in a plurality of layers above and below, so that the width of each layer is increased. Between the retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 that are adjacent to each other in the direction
cavity 4 consisting of a, rear flange 1b and web 1c
Are formed respectively.

Further, each retaining wall block 1 is so constructed that the joint portion a between the retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 adjacent in the lateral direction is not continuous in the vertical direction and is shifted left and right alternately, that is, a so-called "blurred joint". The projections 1d of the retaining wall blocks 1 at the respective stages are laminated, and accordingly, the protrusions 1d of the retaining wall blocks 1 at the respective stages are engaged with the cavity portions 4 between the retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 laminated on the upper side thereof.

In this manner, the retaining wall blocks 1 that are vertically and laterally adjacent to each other are joined to each other by the "interlocking system" in which the protrusions 1d of the retaining wall blocks 1 and the hollow portions 4 are engaged with each other. There is.

In the case of the retaining wall block shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, the engagement key 1e and the engagement hole 1f are provided.
In the case of the retaining wall block shown in FIG. 5 (e), the protrusions 1j and the recesses 1k are engaged with each other.
The retaining wall blocks 1 that are vertically and laterally adjacent to each other are joined so that they do not laterally shift when they are engaged with each other.

When the retaining wall blocks 1 shown in FIG. 5A are laminated, the through holes 1g of the retaining wall blocks 1 laminated at the same position are vertically communicated with each other in the vertical direction. The vertical connecting rod 5b is continuously set up on 1g. Then, the tip end side of the embankment reinforcing member 3 is fixed to each of the vertical connecting rods 5b through fixing metal fittings 6, respectively.

Therefore, the retaining wall block 1 is not fixed directly to each retaining wall block 1 by the embankment reinforcement 3 and is not fixed to each step, but one to one in the lateral direction. It is fixed by the embankment reinforcement 3 through the vertical connecting rods 5b every other layer or layers, so that the amount of the embankment reinforcement 3 is reduced as much as possible.
Further, the compaction of the embankment 2 can be performed carefully, and the cost can be further reduced.

The fixing fitting 6 in this case has a through hole 6a for passing the vertical connecting rod 5b through one end of a plate made of strip steel, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), Alternatively, although not particularly shown, a bar-shaped member made of a reinforcing bar or the like having a ring for passing the vertical connecting rod 5b on one end side, and further, for example, a plate or a bar-shaped member so that the vertical connecting rod 5b can be simply hooked from the side to connect. It may have a hook on one end side of the member.

As the embankment reinforcing material 3, steel materials such as strip steel (belt-shaped reinforcing material) and shaped steel are used in addition to the steel rod made of, for example, a reinforcing bar, and particularly the embankment reinforcing material 3 is a steel rod. 1B, for example, a bearing anchor (bearing plate) 7 is attached to the other end of the embankment reinforcement 3 in order to increase the pull-out resistance of the embankment reinforcement 3, and A turnbuckle 8 is attached in the middle of the embankment reinforcement 3 so that the length of the reinforcement 3 can be adjusted or prestress can be introduced into the embankment reinforcement 3.

The embankment reinforcement 3 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (c) and (d) respectively, it may be directly fixed to the upper end portion or the rear surface portion of the rear surface flange 1b through the fixing metal member 6.

In this case, the fixing bracket 6 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, it is fixed to the insert 9 pre-embedded at the upper end of the rear flange 1b by bolting it with a fixing bolt 10.

Further, for example, FIG. 2 (c) and FIG. 3 (d)
As shown in the drawing, a fixing metal fitting 6 is preliminarily provided on the rear surface of the rear flange 1b, and the embankment reinforcing material 3 is bolted to the fixing metal fitting 6 by a connecting bolt 11 or is connected by welding, for example. May be.

As another method for fixing the end portion of the embankment reinforcement 3 to the retaining wall block 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the upper end portion of the rear surface flange 1b of the retaining wall block 1 or the like. The connecting groove 1h is formed in the connecting groove 1h.
4 (b), (c) in the method of fixing the end of the embankment reinforcement 3 to the retaining wall block 1 via the horizontal connecting rod 5c inserted into the retaining wall block 1, and in particular when the embankment reinforcement 3 is reinforced grit. ), The connecting groove 1h is fitted to the upper end of the rear surface flange 1b of the retaining wall block 1 in accordance with the mesh of the reinforcing bar grit.
Is formed, and the end portion of the reinforcing bar grit (filling material 3) is directly inserted into the connecting groove 1h.

Further, a fiber-reinforced resin rod-shaped body, a synthetic resin belt, and wire mesh can be used as the embankment reinforcing material. When a steel rod or the like is used as each embankment reinforcement 3, its natural ground side is fixed by an anchor 12 driven into the natural ground, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 (d).

In consideration of workability and economic efficiency in rolling compaction of the embankment 2, it is preferable that the embankment reinforcing material 3 is as small as possible, but the embankment 2 is buried deeply in the deep position, and the embankment 2 is shallowly located. It is preferable that the embankment 2 is buried in a small amount so that waste is not caused and the embankment 2 is stable.

In addition, as a whole, it is preferable that the amount of the embankment reinforcing material 3 is small, which is economical, does not hinder the compaction of the embankment 2, and is easy to compact the construction.

However, the retaining wall blocks 1 are connected to each other both vertically and horizontally via a connecting key 1e, interlocking (engagement between the protrusion 1j and the recess 1k (see FIG. 5 (e))) and the like. As each retaining wall block 1
Need not be directly fixed by the embankment reinforcements 3, and therefore the retaining wall block 1 should be arranged every several units in the vertical direction and the lateral direction of the wall body A according to the earth pressure from the embankment 2 side. It just needs to be fixed.

FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show another example of the reinforced soil structure according to the present invention. Particularly, as the embankment reinforcement material 3, a rod-shaped member 3a made of strip steel or shaped steel is provided in the embankment 2. The strip-shaped member 3b made of a synthetic resin material or the like is embedded in a plurality of layers.

The rear flange 1 of each retaining wall block 1
A vertical connecting rod 5b is continuously built between the upper and lower retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 in a through hole 1g formed in b, and a triangular ring-shaped fixing metal fitting 6 is attached to the vertical connecting rod 5b.

In this case, the rod-shaped member 3a is the retaining wall block 1
The strip-shaped member 3b such as a synthetic resin belt is embedded in the rearward position at a certain distance and substantially parallel to the wall A, and the strip-shaped member 3b such as a synthetic resin belt is continuously and alternately arranged between the rod-shaped member 3a and the fixing metal fitting 6 in the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped member 3a. It is wrapped around.

FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (c) show another example of the reinforced soil structure according to the present invention, in which the vertical joints a are so-called "potato joints" which are vertically continuous. The retaining wall block 1 is laminated. Further, gravel is filled as the embankment 2 in the cavity portion 4 formed between the retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 that are laterally adjacent to each other.

The rear flange 1 of each retaining wall block 1
A vertical connecting rod 5b is continuously built between the upper and lower retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 in a through hole 1g formed in b, and the embankment reinforcing member 3 is connected to the vertical connecting rod 5b.

As the embankment reinforcement 3, for example, as shown in FIG.
A bar-shaped member as shown in FIG. 8B or a lattice-shaped member as shown in FIG. 8C is embedded in the embankment 1.

FIG. 9, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 also show another example of the reinforced soil structure according to the present invention, for example, FIG. 9 (a).
The retaining wall block 1 is laminated so that the vertical joints a between the retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 that are adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are not continuous in the vertical direction and are alternately shifted to the left and right, that is, so-called "unbalanced joints". FIG. 9 (b) shows an example, and the retaining wall blocks 1 are laminated so that the horizontal joints b between the vertically adjacent retaining wall blocks 1 and 1 are not continuous in the lateral direction and are vertically displaced alternately. FIG. 9C shows an example in which the retaining wall block 1 is laminated so that the vertical joints a and the horizontal joints b are “imo joints” that are continuous in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. It is shown.

Further, in particular, FIG. 10B shows that the embankment 2a is formed on the back of the wall body A composed of the retaining wall blocks 1 laminated in a plurality of layers.
As an example, gravel and gravel are filled to a certain thickness. By filling the back of the wall A with gravel or gravel in particular, rainwater that has penetrated into the back of the wall A can be quickly drained, and thus the wall A and the wall A can be drained.
It is possible to reduce the water pressure acting on.

Further, the shear resistance in the horizontal direction of the retaining wall block 1 is increased by increasing the shear resistance in the horizontal direction due to the gravel so that the retaining wall block 1 to which the embankment reinforcement 3 is not directly connected is not displaced to the front surface. Can be made.

11 (a) and 11 (b), the retaining wall block 1 is particularly made of reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete, or fiber reinforced concrete in which reinforcing fibers such as carbon fibers are kneaded. By stacking while setting back, earth pressure on the back is reduced,
Moreover, it is extremely effective in that the block layer not connected to the embankment reinforcement 3 against an earthquake is not extruded to the front surface or the wall surface does not overhang even if it is displaced to the front surface.

FIGS. 12 (a) to 12 (d) also show another example of the reinforced soil structure of the present invention, which has been developed to have an effect on local stability.

Generally, when a metal band-shaped reinforcing material or a rod-shaped reinforcing material is used as the embankment reinforcing material, the embankment reinforcing material has a very high tensile strength as compared with the embankment reinforcing material such as geotextile, so that it is laminated by design. All retaining wall blocks 1
It is not necessary to fix each of them individually with embankment reinforcement, but for example, as shown in FIG. 12 (a), the wall surface A of the area B where the embankment reinforcement is not connected is stable but the earth pressure of the back is There is a risk of bulging to the surface side due to an earthquake.

To this end, for example, FIGS. 12 (b) and 12 (c)
The embankment reinforcements 3 required to stabilize the entire wall as shown in Fig.
In addition to the above arrangement, it is extremely effective to embed a geotextile or a wire mesh as the embankment reinforcement 3A near the back surface of the block layer in the unstable region B where the embankment reinforcement is not connected.

In this case, for example, as shown in FIGS. 12 (b) and 12 (c), at least one of the block layers to which the embankment reinforcement 3 is not connected or, if necessary, a plurality of layers is used as the embankment reinforcement 3A. You can lay a textile or wire mesh. At that time, the embankment reinforcement 3A may or may not be connected to the retaining wall block 1.

If the length of the embankment reinforcement 3A in this case is L ₁ as shown in FIG. 12 (d) and the original length of the embankment reinforcement 3 is L ₂ , L ₁ <2 / The lengths of the embankment reinforcements 3 and 3A may be set so as to be about 3 L ₂ .

Further, as shown in FIG. 12 (a),
By setting back the retaining wall block 1 and filling the back of the retaining wall block 1 with gravel material, a very stable reinforced soil structure can be constructed in the entire reinforced soil layer and locally.

13 (a), 13 (b) and 13 (c) show another example of the reinforced soil structure according to the present invention, particularly FIG.
(A) shows an example in which a retaining wall facing a road, for example, is constructed by gradually setting back (retracting) in a stepwise manner toward the natural ground side, and planting 13 is provided between the upper and lower retaining walls. It is a thing.

13 (b) and 13 (c) show that the embankment is stabilized by stacking the retaining wall blocks 1 while setting them back, and the retaining wall block in this case is shown in FIG. 6 (d). The retaining wall blocks shown in Fig. 4 (c) are used, and the planting cavities 1m of each retaining wall block 1 are planted 13 for the purpose of greening the wall surface.

[0082]

The present invention is as described above,
In particular, since the reinforcing soil blocks laminated in a plurality of layers are connected to each other in the up-down direction and the horizontal direction by interlocking connecting keys and key holes, even if the reinforcing soil blocks are formed in a small size. However, it is not necessary to fix each of them individually with the embankment reinforcing material, and only the blocks of the particularly necessary portions need to be fixed. Therefore, the reduction of the embankment reinforcing material can significantly reduce the construction cost.

Further, since the embankment reinforcement can be reduced as much as possible, the embankment can be easily compacted and the workability can be improved. Furthermore, the embankment can be compactly compacted to form a reinforced soil structure that is extremely stable in strength. Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road, etc. (a) is a partial perspective view thereof, (b)
Is a plan view thereof.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, (a) is a partial perspective view thereof,
(B), (c), (d) is a perspective view of a retaining wall block, respectively.

3 (a), (b) and (c) are partial perspective views showing a retaining wall block and its laminated state, and FIG. 3 (d) is a perspective view of the retaining wall block.

4 (a), (b), (c) are perspective views showing an example of a method for fixing one end of the embankment reinforcement to the retaining wall block, and (d) shows the other end of the embankment reinforcement. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the method of fixing to a mountain.

5 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e),
(F) is a perspective view showing an example of a retaining wall block, respectively.

6 (a), (b), (c) and (d) are respectively,
It is a perspective view which shows another example of a retaining wall block.

FIG. 7 shows another example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, (a) is a partial perspective view thereof,
(B) is a partial plan view thereof.

FIG. 8 shows another example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like, (a) is a partial plan view thereof,
(B), (c) is a partial perspective view.

9 (a), (b) and (c) are partial front views showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like.

10 (a) and 10 (b) are vertical cross sections showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like.

11A and 11B are vertical cross-sectional views showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like.

12 (a), (b), (c), and (d) are vertical cross-sectional views showing an example of a reinforced earth structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like.

13 (a), (b) and (c) are vertical cross sections showing an example of a reinforced soil structure constructed as a retaining wall facing a road or the like.

14A and 14B are partial vertical cross-sectional views showing an example of a conventional reinforced soil structure.

FIG. 15 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional reinforced soil structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Retaining wall block (reinforced soil block) 1a Surface flange 1b Rear flange 1c web 1d protrusion 1e Link key 1f key hole 1g through hole 1h Connection groove 1i opening 1j Projection 1k recess 1m planting cavity 2 embankment 2a embankment 3 embankment reinforcement 4 cavity 5a Horizontal connecting rod 5b Vertical connecting rod 5c Horizontal connecting rod 6 fixing metal fittings 6a through hole 7 bearing anchor 8 turnbuckles 9 inserts 10 fixing bolt 11 Connecting bolt 12 anchors 13 Planting

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks,
In the reinforced soil structure, which is laminated adjacent to each other in the up-down direction and the lateral direction, is filled with embankment in its back, and embeds embankment reinforcement in a plurality of layers in the embankment, wherein each of the reinforced soil blocks is The connecting key and the key hole provided in the reinforcing soil block are connected to each other in the vertical direction and the lateral direction by engaging with each other, and the number of layers of the embankment reinforcing material is less than the number of layers of the reinforcing soil block, and Reinforced soil structure, wherein the embankment reinforcement is connected to the reinforced soil block layer. 2. A plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks,
In a reinforced earth structure in which the embankment is filled in the back of the lamella and the reinforced earth material is embedded in a plurality of layers in the embankment, the reinforced earth blocks are laterally arranged. Between the reinforcing soil blocks adjacent to each other in the direction or the hollow portions or recesses formed in each of the reinforcing soil blocks and the protrusions formed in each of the reinforcing soil blocks are coupled to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions, The number of layers of the embankment reinforcement is smaller than the number of layers of the reinforcement soil block, and the embankment reinforcement is connected to the reinforcement soil block layer. 3. A plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks,
In a reinforced soil structure, which is laminated adjacent to each other in the up-down direction and the lateral direction, has its back filled with embankment, and in which embankment reinforcement is embedded in a plurality of layers, in the lateral direction of each layer. Reinforcement soil blocks are connected to each other by inserting a horizontal connecting rod across a plurality of reinforcement soil blocks in a connecting groove formed continuously in the lateral direction at the upper end of each reinforcement soil block. Reinforced soil structure characterized by being. 4. A plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks,
In the reinforced soil structure, which is stacked adjacent to each other in the up-down direction and the horizontal direction, has its back filled with embankment, and in which the embankment reinforcement is embedded in a plurality of layers, the reinforced soil adjacent in the up-down direction. Vertical connecting rods are continuously inserted in the block,
A reinforced soil structure characterized in that an embankment reinforcing material is connected to the vertical connecting rods. 5. A plurality of self-supporting reinforced soil blocks,
In a reinforced soil structure, which is stacked adjacent to each other in the up-down direction and the lateral direction, has its back filled with embankment, and has a plurality of embankment reinforcements embedded in the embankment, wherein the embankment reinforcements are connected. Not at least one of the reinforced soil block layers
Reinforced soil structure of the layer A reinforced earth structure characterized by embedding geotextile or metal net as embankment reinforcement in the embankment near the back of the block layer. 6. The reinforcing soil blocks are laminated while being set back, and the reinforcing soil blocks are laminated.
The reinforced soil structure according to 4 or 5. 7. The reinforcing soil block is provided at its upper end and lower end with projections and recesses that engage with each other when laminated, respectively. The reinforced soil structure according to 5 or 6. 8. The reinforcing soil blocks that are adjacent to each other in the lateral direction are a reinforcing soil block to which the embankment reinforcing material is connected and a reinforcing soil block to which the embankment reinforcing material is not connected. Reinforced earth structure according to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. 9. A belt-shaped reinforcing material as embankment reinforcing material in the embankment,
9. A rod-shaped reinforcing material or a metallic reinforcing material is embedded, and
Reinforced soil structure described. 10. A gravel material is filled as embankment in a cavity formed between adjacent reinforcement soil blocks, a cavity formed in each reinforcement soil block and / or a back portion of the reinforcement soil block. Claims 1, 2, 3, 4,
Reinforced earth structure according to 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9. 11. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
A reinforced soil block used in the reinforced soil structure according to 8, 9, or 10, wherein the reinforced soil block is formed from a surface flange, a back flange and a web, or a surface flange and a web. 12. The reinforced soil block according to claim 11, wherein a cavity for planting is provided.