JP2001280474A - Automatic transmission for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic transmission which can adjust the brake force to the optimum value in a counter shaft brake control. SOLUTION: In the automatic transmission having no mechanical synchronizer, a controller can carry out the predetermined main gear synchronizing control during the main gear shifting. The controller can control the counter shaft brake if a dog gear revolution is higher than the predetermined level of a sleeve revolution in a target main gear ratio and the controller can apply the intermittent brake force to the counter shaft and the sharing rate of acting time can be fluctuated in accordance with the revolution difference between a dog gear revolution and a sleeve revolution and the rate of action time is smaller if the revolution difference is smaller, e.g. if the revolution difference is less than the predetermined value it is small value and is a large value if the revolution difference is more than the predetermined value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic transmission for a vehicle particularly applied to a large vehicle such as a tractor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to reduce the burden on a driver, an automatic transmission is often used in large vehicles such as tractors and trucks. Such large vehicles are equipped with a multi-stage transmission having a splitter and a range gear as an auxiliary transmission in addition to the main gear. In this case, in order to reduce the number of parts and the cost, it is conceivable to omit the mechanical synchronizing mechanism from the main gear and to perform synchronizing control instead to achieve synchronization at the time of gear-in. Here, the synchro control mainly means performing the countershaft brake control when upshifting, and performing double clutch control when downshifting. In addition, the synchronized state means that the dog gear rotation and the sleeve rotation substantially coincide with each other in the target main gear position at the next shift destination.

[0003]

In the countershaft brake control, the countershaft brake is operated to reduce the countershaft rotation to the target rotation. However, if the rotation is excessively reduced due to the overshoot, not only is the synchronized state broken and the gear cannot be engaged, but also the countershaft rotation must be increased again by the double clutch control, which is not preferable.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to perform optimal braking force adjustment during countershaft brake control.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An automatic transmission for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a transmission including a main gear having no mechanical synchronizing mechanism, and shift control means for executing a shift control of the transmission. A countershaft brake for braking a countershaft of the transmission, and a countershaft brake control for controlling the operation of the countershaft brake. Means and
If the dog gear rotation at the target main gear is higher than the sleeve rotation by a certain degree or more during the shifting of the main gear, the synchro control is set to a predetermined countershaft brake control, and the countershaft brake control is operated intermittently. The operation time ratio is changed according to the rotation difference between the dog gear rotation and the sleeve rotation.

Here, it is preferable that the smaller the rotation difference is, the smaller the operation time ratio is.

The operating time ratio may be set to a small value when the rotation difference is less than a predetermined value, and may be set to a large value when the rotation difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value.

[0008]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an automatic transmission for a vehicle according to this embodiment. Here, the vehicle is a tractor for towing a trailer, and the engine is a diesel engine. As shown, a transmission 3 is attached to an engine 1 via a clutch 2 and an output shaft 4 (see FIG. 2) of the transmission 3 is connected to a propeller shaft (not shown) to drive a rear wheel (not shown). It is supposed to. The engine 1 is electronically controlled by an engine control unit (ECU) 6. That is, the ECU 6 reads the current engine speed and the engine load from the outputs of the engine speed sensor 7 and the accelerator opening sensor 8, controls the fuel injection pump 1a based mainly on these, and controls the fuel injection timing and fuel injection. Control the amount.

On the other hand, during gear shifting, the engine control is executed based on the pseudo accelerator opening which is processed by the ECU 6 independently of the actual accelerator opening detected by the accelerator opening sensor 8. This is necessary particularly in the double clutch control described later.

As shown in FIG. 2, a flywheel 1b is mounted on the crankshaft of the engine, and a ring gear 1c is formed on the outer periphery of the flywheel 1b.
Each time the tooth c passes, the engine rotation sensor 7 outputs a pulse, and the ECU 6 counts the number of pulses per unit time to calculate the engine speed.

As shown in FIG. 1, here, the clutch 2 and the transmission 3 are automatically controlled based on a control signal of a transmission control unit (TMCU) 9.
That is, the automatic transmission includes an automatic clutch device and an automatic transmission. The ECU 6 and the TMCU 9 are connected to each other via a bus cable or the like, and can communicate with each other.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the clutch 2 is a mechanical friction clutch, and includes a flywheel 1b serving as an input side, a driven plate 2a serving as an output side, and a flywheel 1b serving as a driven plate 2a. And a pressure plate 2b for causing frictional contact or separation from the pressure plate 2b. The clutch 2 operates the pressure plate 2b in the axial direction by a clutch booster (clutch actuator) 10, and is basically automatically connected and disconnected, so that the burden on the driver can be reduced. On the other hand, in order to enable a delicate clutch work at the time of backing at a very low speed or a sudden stop of the clutch in an emergency, the clutch pedal 1 is used here.
1, manual connection and disconnection is also possible. This is a configuration of a so-called selective auto clutch. A clutch stroke sensor 14 for detecting a clutch position (ie, a position of the pressure plate 2b);
A clutch pedal stroke sensor 16 for detecting the position of No. 1 is provided and connected to the TMCU 9 respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, the clutch booster 10 is connected to the air tank 5 through two systems of pneumatic passages a and b shown by solid lines, and is operated by pneumatic pressure supplied from the air tank 5. One passage a is for automatic clutch connection / disconnection,
The other passage b is for clutch manual connection / disconnection. One passage a is branched into two branches, one of which is provided with solenoid valves MVC1 and MVC2 for automatic connection / disconnection in series, and the other is provided with an emergency solenoid valve MVCE. A double check valve DCV1 is provided at the junction. A hydraulically operated valve 12 attached to the clutch booster 10 is provided in the other passage b. A double check valve DCV2 is also provided at the junction of the two passages a and b. The double check valves DCV1 and DCV2 are differential pressure operated three-way valves.

The solenoid valves MVC1, MVC2, MVCE
Is ON / OFF controlled by the TMCU 9, and when ON, the upstream side communicates with the downstream side, and when OFF, the upstream side is shut off and the downstream side is opened to the atmosphere. First, the automatic side will be described.
1 is ON / OFF simply according to ON / OFF of ignition key
It is just done. The ignition key is turned off, that is, turned off when the vehicle is stopped, and the air pressure from the air tank 5 is shut off. The solenoid valve MVC2 is a proportional control valve and can freely control the supply or discharge air amount. This is for controlling the connection / disconnection speed of the clutch. Solenoid valve MVC1, MVC2
Are ON, the air pressure of the air tank 5 switches between the double check valves DCV1 and DCV2 and is supplied to the clutch booster 10. Thereby, the clutch is disconnected. When connecting the clutch, only MVC2 is OFF
As a result, the air pressure of the clutch booster 10 becomes MVC
2 and the clutch is engaged.

However, if an abnormality occurs in the solenoid valve MVC1 or MVC2 while the clutch is disconnected and either of them is turned off, the clutch is suddenly engaged against the driver's intention. Therefore, when such an abnormality is detected by the abnormality diagnosis circuit of the TMCU 9, the solenoid valve MVCE is immediately turned on.
Then, the air pressure that has passed through the solenoid valve MVCE switches the double check valve DCV1 in the opposite direction, and the clutch booster 10
, And the clutch disconnection state is maintained, and sudden clutch engagement is prevented.

Next, the manual side will be described. The master cylinder 1 according to the depression / return operation of the clutch pedal 11
The hydraulic pressure is supplied / discharged from the hydraulic valve 3 and is supplied to the hydraulic valve 12 through a hydraulic passage 13a indicated by a broken line. As a result, the hydraulic valve 12 is opened and closed, and the clutch booster 10 is opened.
The air pressure is supplied to and discharged from the clutch 2, and the manual connection and disconnection of the clutch 2 is executed. When the hydraulic valve 12 is opened, the air pressure passing therethrough switches the double check valve DCV2 to reach the clutch booster 10.

As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the transmission 3 is basically a constant-mesh type multi-stage transmission, which can shift to 16 forward speeds and 2 reverse speeds. The transmission 3 includes a main gear 18,
A splitter 17 and a range gear 19 as auxiliary transmissions are provided on the input side and the output side, respectively. Then, the engine power transmitted to the input shaft 15 is sequentially sent to the splitter 17, the main gear 18, and the range gear 19 and output to the output shaft 4.

A gear shift unit GSU is provided for automatically shifting the transmission 3. The gear shift unit GSU includes a splitter actuator 20, a main actuator 2, and a splitter actuator 17, which are in charge of shifting of a splitter 17, a main gear 18, and a range gear 19, respectively.
1 and a range actuator 22. These actuators are also pneumatically operated similarly to the clutch booster 10 and controlled by the TMCU 9. Each gear 17,1
The current position of 8, 19 is gear position switch 2.
3 (see FIG. 1). The rotation speed of the counter shaft 32 is detected by the counter shaft rotation sensor 26, and the rotation speed of the output shaft 4 is detected by the output shaft rotation sensor 28. These detection signals are sent to TMCU9.

In this automatic transmission, a manual mode is set, and a manual shift can be performed based on a driver's shift change operation. In this case, as shown in FIG.
The connection / disconnection control of the clutch 2 and the shift control of the transmission 3 are performed by a shift instruction signal from a shift lever device 29 provided in the driver's seat as a signal. That is, when the driver performs a shift operation of the shift lever 29a of the shift lever device 29, a shift switch built in the shift lever device 29 is operated (ON), and a shift instruction signal is sent to the TMCU 9, and based on this, the TMCU 9 The clutch booster 10, the splitter actuator 20, the main actuator 21, and the range actuator 22 are appropriately operated to execute a series of shift operations (clutch disengagement → gear disengagement → gear engagement → clutch engagement). Then, the TMCU 9 displays the current shift stage on the monitor 31.

In the illustrated shift lever device 29,
R is reverse, N is neutral, D is drive, UP
Means upshift and DOWN means downshift, respectively. The shift switch outputs a signal corresponding to each of these positions. A mode switch 24 for switching the shift mode between automatic and manual is provided on the driver's seat.
A skip switch 25 is provided for switching between performing step by step and step skipping.

In the automatic shifting mode, the shift lever 29
If a is set in the D range, the shift is automatically performed according to the vehicle speed. Also in this automatic shifting mode, if the driver operates the shift lever 29a to UP or DOWN,
Upshifting or downshifting manually is possible. In the automatic shift mode, if the skip switch 25 is OFF (normal mode), the shift is performed one step at a time by one operation of the UP or DOWN of the shift lever 29a. This is effective when the loaded load is relatively large, such as when towing a trailer. Also, the skip switch 25
If it is ON (skip mode), the shift is skipped by one step. This is effective when the trailer is not towed or the load is light.

On the other hand, in the manual shift mode, the shift completely follows the driver's intention. Shift lever 29a
Is not in the D range, the shift is not performed, the current gear is held, and the shift lever 29a is moved to the U
Upshifting or downshifting is possible only when operating to P or DOWN. At this time, as described above, if the skip switch 25 is OFF, the gear is changed by one per operation.
The shift is performed step by step, and if the skip switch 25 is ON, the shift is 1
It is performed by step skipping. In this mode, the D range is an H (hold) range for holding the current gear.

An emergency gearshift switch 27 is provided in the driver's seat, and when the GSU solenoid valve or the like breaks down, the gearshift can be performed by manually switching the switch 27.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the transmission 3,
The input shaft 15, the main shaft 33, and the output shaft 4 are arranged coaxially, and the counter shaft 32 is arranged below them in parallel. The input shaft 15 is connected to the driven plate 2 a of the clutch 2, and the input shaft 15 and the main shaft 33 are connected.
Are rotatably supported.

First, the structure of the splitter 17 and the main gear 18 will be described. An input gear SH is rotatably attached to the input shaft 15. Further, the gears M4, M3, M2, M1,
An MR is rotatably mounted. Gear S excluding MR
H, M4, M3, M2, M1 are counter gears CH, C4, C3,
It is always meshed with C2 and C1. The gear MR is always meshed with the idle reverse gear IR, and the idle reverse gear I
R is a counter gear C fixed to the counter shaft 32
It is always meshed with R.

A dog gear 36 is provided integrally with each of the gears SH, M4,... Attached to the input shaft 15 and the main shaft 33 so that the gear can be selected.
The input shaft 15 is adjacent to the dog gear 36.
The first to fourth hubs 37 to 40 are fixed to the main shaft 33. The first to fourth hubs 37 to 40 have first to fourth hubs.
The sleeves 42 to 45 are fitted. Splines are formed on the outer peripheral portions of the dog gear 36 and the first to fourth hubs 37 to 40 and the inner peripheral portions of the first to fourth sleeves 42 to 45, and the first to fourth sleeves 42 to 45 1st to 4th hub 3
7 to 40, and simultaneously rotates with the input shaft 15 or the main shaft 33, and slides back and forth to selectively engage and disengage with the dog gear 36. Gear-in / gear-off is performed by this engagement / disengagement. The movement of the first sleeve 42 is performed by the splitter actuator 20, and the movement of the second to fourth sleeves 43 to 45 is performed by the main actuator 21.

As described above, the splitter 17 and the main gear 18 are of a constant mesh type that can be automatically shifted by the actuators 20 and 21. In particular, the spline portion of the splitter 17 has a normal mechanical synchro mechanism, but each spline portion of the main gear 18 has no synchro mechanism. For this reason, the synchronization of the dog gear and the rotation of the sleeve are performed by performing a later-described synchro control so that the gear can be shifted without a synchro mechanism. Here, in addition to the main gear 18, the splitter 17
Also, a neutral position is provided to prevent so-called rattle noise (see Japanese Patent Application No. 11-319915).

Next, the configuration of the range gear 19 will be described. The range gear 19 employs a planetary gear mechanism 34 and can be switched to either a high or low position. The planetary gear mechanism 34 includes a sun gear 65 fixed to the rearmost end of the main shaft 33, a plurality of planetary gears 66 meshed with the outer periphery thereof, and a ring gear 67 having internal teeth meshed with the outer periphery of the planetary gear 66. Become.
Each planetary gear 66 is rotatably supported by a common carrier 68, and the carrier 68 is connected to the output shaft 4. The ring gear 67 integrally has a tube portion 69, and the tube portion 69 is rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of the output shaft 4 to form a double shaft together with the output shaft 4.

The fifth hub 41 is provided integrally with the pipe portion 69. An output shaft dog gear 70 is integrally provided on the output shaft 4 adjacent to the rear of the fifth hub 41. A fixed dog gear 71 is provided on the transmission case side adjacent to the front of the fifth hub 41. The fifth sleeve 46 is fitted on the outer periphery of the fifth hub 41. These fifth hub 41, output shaft dog gear 7
A spline is also formed in the fixed dog gear 71 and the fifth sleeve 46 in the same manner as described above, and the fifth sleeve 46 is always engaged with the fifth hub 41, and slides back and forth to output shaft dog gear 70 or fixed dog gear. 7
1 is selectively engaged and disengaged. The movement of the fifth sleeve 46 is performed by the range actuator 22. A mechanical synchro mechanism exists in the spline portion of the range gear 19.

When the fifth sleeve 46 moves forward, it engages with the fixed dog gear 71, and the fifth hub 41 and the fixed dog gear 71 are connected. As a result, the ring gear 67 is fixed to the transmission case side, and the output shaft 4 has a relatively large reduction ratio (4.5 here) larger than 1.
To be driven to rotate. This is the low position.

On the other hand, when the fifth sleeve 46 moves rearward, it engages with the output shaft dog gear 70,
The fifth hub 41 and the output shaft dog gear 70 are connected. Thus, the ring gear 67 and the carrier 68
Are fixed to each other, and the output shaft 4 is directly driven at a reduction ratio of 1. This is the high position. As described above, in the range gear 19, the reduction ratio between high and low is relatively different.

As a result, in the transmission 3, on the forward side, the splitter 17 performs two stages of high and low, the main gear 1.
8, the gear can be shifted to four gears, and the range gear 19 can be changed to two gears, high and low. On the reverse drive side, high / low can be switched only by the splitter 17 to shift to two speeds.

Next, each of the actuators 20, 21, 22
Will be described. These actuators are composed of a pneumatic cylinder that operates by pneumatic pressure of the air tank 5 and a solenoid valve that switches supply and discharge of pneumatic pressure to and from the pneumatic cylinder. These solenoid valves are selectively switched by the TMCU 9 to selectively operate the pneumatic cylinder.

The splitter actuator 20 includes a pneumatic cylinder 47 having a double piston and three solenoid valves MV.
H, MVF, and MVG. MVH / ON, MVF / OF when setting the splitter 17 to neutral
F, MVG / ON. MVH / OFF, MVF / OFF, MVG / O when setting the splitter 17 to high
N. MVH to set splitter 17 low
/ OFF, MVF / ON, MVG / OFF.

The main actuator 21 is a pneumatic cylinder 4 having a double piston and in charge of operation on the select side.
8 and a pneumatic cylinder 49 having a single piston and in charge of a shift-side operation. A plurality of solenoid valves MVC, MVD, MVE and MVB, MVA are provided for each of the pneumatic cylinders 48 and 49.

The select side pneumatic cylinder 48 is provided with an MVC /
At the time of OFF, MVD / ON, MVE / OFF, the main gear moves downward in the figure, and 3rd, 4th or N3 of the main gear can be selected, and MVC / ON, MVD / OFF, MVE / O
When it is N, it is neutral, and it is possible to select 1st, 2nd or N2 of the main gear, and MVC / ON, MVD / OFF,
At the time of MVE / OFF, it moves upward in the figure, and makes it possible to select Rev or N1 of the main gear.

The shift-side pneumatic cylinder 49 is an MVA / O
N, neutral at MVB / ON, N
1, N2 or N3 can be selected, MVA / ON, MV
When it is B / OFF, it moves to the left side of the figure,
d, 4th or Rev can be selected, and MVA / OF
In the case of F, MVB / ON, it moves to the right side of the figure, and 1st or 3rd of the main gear can be selected.

The range actuator 22 includes a pneumatic cylinder 50 having a single piston and two solenoid valves MV
I, MVJ. The pneumatic cylinder 50 is an MV
In the case of I / ON, MVJ / OFF, it moves to the right side of the figure, and the range gear is set to high. In the case of MVI / OFF, MVJ / ON, it moves to the left side of the figure, and the range gear is set to low.

The countershaft 32 is provided with a countershaft brake 27 in order to brake the countershaft 32 during the synchro control described later. The countershaft brake 27 is a wet-type multi-plate brake, and operates by the air pressure of the air tank 5. An electromagnetic valve MV BRK is provided to switch between supply and discharge of the air pressure. When the solenoid valve MV BRK is ON, air pressure is supplied to the countershaft brake 27, and the countershaft brake 27 is activated. Solenoid valve MV BRK is OF
At the time of F, air pressure is discharged from the countershaft brake 27, and the countershaft brake 27 is deactivated.

Next, the contents of the automatic shift control will be described. T
The MCU 9 stores a shift-up map shown in FIG. 4 and a shift-down map shown in FIG.
9 executes an automatic shift according to these maps when in the automatic shift mode. For example, in the shift-up map of FIG. 4, gears n (n is an integer from 1 to 15) to n
The shift-up diagram to +1 is determined by a function of the accelerator opening (%) and the output shaft rotation (rpm). Then, on the map, only one point is determined from the current accelerator opening (%) and the output shaft rotation (rpm). During acceleration of the vehicle, the rotation of the output shaft 4 connected to the wheels gradually increases. Therefore, in the normal automatic shift mode, the gear is shifted up by one step each time the current point exceeds each diagram. At this time, if the skip mode is selected, the diagram is alternately skipped one by one to shift up by two stages.

Similarly, in the shift-down map of FIG. 5, gears n + 1 (n is an integer from 1 to 15) to n
The shift down diagram is determined by a function of the accelerator opening (%) and the output shaft rotation (rpm).
Then, on the map, only one point is determined from the current accelerator opening (%) and the output shaft rotation (rpm).
During deceleration of the vehicle, the rotation of the output shaft 4 gradually decreases.
Each time a point crosses over each diagram, downshifting is performed one stage at a time.
In the skip mode, the diagram is alternately skipped one by one to shift down by two stages.

On the other hand, in the manual mode, the driver can freely shift up and down regardless of these maps. In the normal mode, one shift can be performed by one shift change operation, and in the skip mode, two shifts can be performed by one shift change operation.

The TMCU 9 converts the current vehicle speed from the current output shaft rotation value detected by the output shaft rotation sensor 28, and displays this on a speedometer. That is, the vehicle speed is indirectly detected from the output shaft rotation, and the output shaft rotation is proportional to the vehicle speed.

Next, the contents of the synchro control will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the TMCU 9 includes the number of teeth Z _SH , Z _{1 to} Z ₄ , Z _R , Z _CH , Z _{C1 to} Z _C4 , Z Z of each gear in the splitter 17 and the main gear 18.
_{The CR} and the high-low reduction ratio in the range gear 19 are stored in advance. Therefore, the TMCU 9 determines the dog gear rotation (the target main gear position) of the main gear 18 to be shifted next time based on the number of gear teeth of the main gear 18 and the counter shaft rotation (rpm) detected by the counter shaft rotation sensor 26. rpm).
The TMCU 9 also controls the sleeve rotation (rpm) of the main gear 18 based on the reduction ratio of the gear (target range gear) of the range gear 19 to which the next gear is shifted and the output shaft rotation (rpm) detected by the output shaft rotation sensor 28. ) Is calculated.

In the left column of the table of FIG. 7, the words "1st", "2nd",... "Rev" at the left end indicate the target main gear. Also, “1st” and “2” in parentheses
The words "nd",... indicate the target gear positions of the entire transmission which each target main gear position handles. For example, “1st” (gear M1) of the main gear 18 is assigned to “1st”, “2nd”, “9th”, “1” for the entire transmission.
0th ". The words in parentheses are separated from the first two and the last two by the low / high range gear 19. For example, in the case of the main gear "1st", "1st" and "2nd" are range gear low, and "9th" and "10th" are range gear high. Then, in the first two or the last two, the front and the rear are separated by the low / high of the splitter 17. For example, if the main gear is “1st” and the range gear is low, the transmission is “1st” when the splitter is low and the transmission is “2nd” when the splitter is high. When the main gear is “1st” and the range gear is high, the transmission is “9th” with the splitter low, and the transmission is “10t” with the splitter high.
h ". "2nd", "3r" of the target main gear
The same applies to “d” and “4th”.

In the target main gear "Rev", the splitting by the range gear 19 is not performed, and the splitting is performed only by the splitter 17. Reverse "h" with splitter high
"high" and reverse "low" in the splitter row.

The right column of the table in FIG. 7 shows a formula for calculating the dog gear rotation (rpm). For example, the target main gear "1st"
Then, the gear ratio Z _C1 / Z _{1 is} added to the value detected by the counter shaft rotation sensor 26 (counter shaft rotation (rpm)).
Is the rotation of the dog gear 36 fixed to the gear M1, that is, the dog gear rotation (rpm). At the target main gear stage “Rev”, the value obtained by multiplying the countershaft rotation (rpm) by the gear ratio C _Rev (here, 0.45) is the dog gear rotation (rp).
m).

On the other hand, the lower part of FIG. 7 shows the rotation of the sleeves 43, 44, 45 of the main gear 18, that is, the rotation of the sleeve (rpm).
Is shown. When the target range gear position of the next shift destination is High, the reduction ratio is 1, so the detection value (output shaft rotation (rpm)) of the output shaft rotation sensor 28 becomes the sleeve rotation (rpm) as it is. When the target range gear is Low, the reduction ratio is C _RG = 4.5
Therefore, the output shaft rotation (rpm) is reduced by the reduction ratio C _RG
Is the sleeve rotation (rpm).

In the synchro control, the dog gear rotation and the sleeve rotation are controlled so as to approach a range where gears can be engaged. Specifically, a rotation difference ΔN = (dog gear rotation−sleeve rotation) is calculated, and control is performed such that this value falls within a range in which gear-in is possible. In the upshift, since dog gear rotation> sleeve rotation is performed immediately before gear-in, countershaft brake (hereinafter referred to as CSB) control is performed to reduce dog gear rotation. Conversely, in a downshift,
Normally, dog gear rotation <sleeve rotation immediately before gear-in, so double clutch control is performed to increase dog gear rotation.

The double clutch control is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 8, when a speed change instruction signal at time t _1, first clutch disconnection, performs gear disengagement. Gear removal is
Position immediately after the clutch has begun to cut, starting at position p ₁ immediately enters the half clutch region other words. Engine control from the time when the clutch position reaches the p _1, the process proceeds to control based on the pseudo accelerator opening away from the actual accelerator opening degree. At this time, the engine rotation is increased to a rotation (target engine rotation) that is sufficient to accelerate the countershaft and allows the dog gear rotation to substantially match the sleeve rotation at the target main gear, and when this rotation is reached. The rotation is kept constant.

After the gear is disengaged, the clutch is momentarily connected, whereby the rotation of the dog gear is increased to the rotation at which the gear can be engaged. Immediately thereafter, the clutch is disengaged again, and gear-in is performed. Gear-engaging the position where the immediately preceding end clutch disengaging, starting from the position p ₂ immediately before exiting from the half clutch region other words. Immediately after the end of the gear-in, the clutch is reconnected, and when the clutch is completely engaged, the double clutch control ends, and the rotation of the engine and the countershaft shifts to rotation according to the actual accelerator opening.

By the way, when downshifting the entire transmission, there are times when both downshifting of the range gear and double clutch control are executed. In the table of FIG. 7, 9th →
This is the case of 7th, 9th → 8th, 10th → 8th. At this time, if these orders are not properly determined, the entire shift time is unnecessarily lengthened.

That is, since the range gear has a relatively large difference in reduction ratio between high and low, it takes a long time to downshift even if it has a mechanical synchronization mechanism. Double clutch control also takes a relatively long time because the clutch is engaged once and the rotation is adjusted between gear disengagement and gear in. Therefore, if these operations are performed sequentially, the entire shift time becomes longer.

Therefore, in the present apparatus, when downshifting the entire transmission accompanied by downshifting of the range gear, the downshifting of the range gear and the double clutch control are performed at the same time to shorten the entire shifting time. This will be described below.

In the present apparatus, the shift pattern is divided between when the entire transmission is downshifted with downshifting of the range gear and when it is not downshifted. FIG. 9 shows a program for this shift pattern determination. When there is a shift instruction, the TMCU 9 first determines in step 101 whether or not there is a shift in the range gear. Step 1 when there is no range gear shift
Proceeding to 04, a shift A pattern is selected. The shift A pattern is a pattern that shifts according to the chart of FIG. 10, and is a normal shift pattern. If there is a range gear shift, the routine proceeds to step 102, where it is determined whether the shift is downshifting (H → L). If the shift is up, the process proceeds to step 104 to select the shift A pattern. If the shift is down, the process proceeds to step 103 to select the shift B pattern. The shift B pattern is a pattern that shifts according to the chart of FIG. 11, and is a shift pattern performed in a relatively special case.

In FIGS. 10 and 11, there are time axes from the top to the bottom of the figures, and the items shown side by side indicate that they are performed simultaneously or at the same time. For example, in FIG. 10, step 201 and step 202 are performed simultaneously.

Shift A pattern without downshifting the range gear. As shown in FIG. 10, first, when there is a main gear shift, the routine proceeds to step 201, where the main gear is disengaged. At this time, if there is also a shift of the splitter, the routine proceeds to step 202, where the gear of the splitter is released (shift is released). The condition at this time is that the clutch position is p
It is on the other side than ₁ . This is indicated as “clutch position> p ₁ ”. Of course, when only one of the main gear and the splitter is shifted, one of the two steps is omitted. Note that there is no case of shifting with only the range gear.
As shown in the table of FIG. 7, skip seven steps at a stretch (ex.2nd → 10
th).

Next, steps 203, 204 and 205 are performed simultaneously. In step 203, the main gear is selected in accordance with the gears M1, M2,.
The condition is that the main gear is in neutral. In step 204, if there is a shift in the range gear, the gear removal and the gear in are performed simultaneously. This is because, as shown in FIG. 2, due to the structure of the range actuator 22, the extraction and the in are performed at the same time. Conditions at this time (designated "clutch position> p _2") or the clutch position is sectional side than p _2, or the main gear is that it is neutral. In step 205, a gear-in (shift-in) of the splitter is performed. Condition is Step 2
04 similar clutch position> is p ₂ or main gear = N. As a result, the engine power can be transmitted to the counter shaft 32, and the double clutch can be controlled. In the case of shifting only with the splitter, shifting is completed here.

In step 206, synchro control is executed. The condition here is that the main gear is N, and the shift of the splitter and the range gear has been completed. Dogugiya rotation - when the sleeve rotates> M ₁ (positive set value),
That is, at the time of upshift, countershaft brake control is performed to reduce the dog gear rotation to near the sleeve rotation. On the other hand, when dog gear rotation-sleeve rotation <M ₂ (set value equal to or less than 0), double clutch control is performed to increase dog gear rotation to near the sleeve rotation.

When the synchronization of the main gear is completed, the process proceeds to step 207, where the main gear is engaged. Conditions here, the main gear has completed selection (step 203), the absolute value of the difference between the target counter shaft rotation and the current counter shaft rotation is below the gear-possible value alpha, and the clutch position> p ₂ and It is becoming. Thus, the shift A pattern is completed.

Next, a shift B pattern accompanied by downshifting of the range gear will be described. As shown in FIG. 11, since the main gear must be shifted here (see FIG. 7), the routine proceeds to step 302, where the main gear is disengaged. Conditions is a step 201 similar to the clutch position> p _1. At this time, if there is also a shift of the splitter, the gear of the splitter is released in step 301 prior to step 302, and
At the same time as step 2, the splitter is geared in at step 303. The execution conditions of steps 301 and 303 are
Same as 2,205.

Next, steps 304, 305 and 306
At the same time. In step 304, the main gear is selected as in step 203. In step 305, as in step 204, the range gear is disengaged and the gear is shifted in, that is, downshifted. In step 306, step 20
Synchronous control is performed in the same manner as in step 6.

After these steps are completed, the main gear is engaged in step 307 as in step 207, and the shift B pattern ends.

As described above, the downshift of the range gear, which requires a relatively long time, and the double clutch control are performed at the same time, so that the overall shift time can be reduced.

Here, the method of obtaining the target countershaft rotation will be described. First, the current output shaft rotation is obtained, and the target output shaft rotation is multiplied by the gear ratio of the target gear stage of the entire transmission to calculate the target engine rotation. The target engine speed and the high / low of the splitter at the target gear
Based on the low, the target countershaft rotation is determined by the following conversion formula.

N _C = (Z _SH / Z _CH ) × N _E (when the splitter is high) N _C = (Z ₄ / Z _C4 ) × _NE (when the splitter is low) where N _E : engine speed, N _C : counter Shaft rotation If the current countershaft rotation (= detection value by the countershaft rotation sensor) is adjusted to the target countershaft rotation, the dog gear rotation naturally matches the sleeve rotation at the target main gear stage. In the end, α is the maximum value that allows gear-in.

By the way, in steps 206 and 306,
Is dog gear rotation-sleeve rotation> M ₁Ie dog gear rotation
When CS> sleeve rotation, CSB control is performed. I mentioned earlier
As you can see, the CSB27 is a wet multi-plate clutch that works well.
While the countershaft rotation can be instantaneously reduced,
And overshoot easily. Yo
Can cause the rotation to drop too much and the sink
Not only does the state of the vehicle collapse, but also the need for double clutch control
Occurs and is not preferred.

Therefore, in the present apparatus, in order to perform the optimum braking force adjustment at the time of the countershaft brake control,
The following control is executed.

That is, in the CSB control, the CSB is operated intermittently, and the operation time ratio is changed according to the rotation difference between the dog gear rotation and the sleeve rotation. The operation time ratio decreases as the rotation difference decreases. In the present embodiment, the operating time ratio is set to a small value when the rotation difference is less than a predetermined value, and to a large value when the rotation difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value.

This is specifically described as follows.
The activation / deactivation of the CSB27 is ON / O of the solenoid valve MV BRK
Although it is switched by FF, here the solenoid valve MV BR
K is duty-controlled by TMCU9 and CSB27
Is activated intermittently. The TMCU 9 forms a countershaft brake control means. In this case the rotational difference .DELTA.N between Dogugiya rotation and the sleeve rotation - when (= Dogugiya rotary sleeve rotating) is a predetermined value or more .DELTA.N _1, longer first ON time TON1 as shown in FIG. 14 (a), first OFF Time TOFF1 is shortened. On the other hand, when the rotational difference .DELTA.N is less than a predetermined value .DELTA.N _1, short second ON time TON2 as shown in FIG. 14 (b),
The second OFF time TOFF2 is lengthened. TON1> TON2, T
OFF1 <TOFF2. Thus, when the rotation difference ΔN is large, the operation time ratio of the CSB is increased, and the countershaft can be quickly decelerated with a large braking force. On the other hand, when the rotation difference ΔN is small and the countershaft rotation approaches the target value, the operation time ratio of the CSB is reduced, the braking force is reduced, and overshoot can be prevented.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart for executing such control.
2, shown in FIG. Figure 12 shows ON time and OFF
FIG. 13 is a time setting flow, and FIG. These flows are repeatedly executed by the TMCU 9 every predetermined control time (ex. 32 ms). The flow of FIG. 12 is executed every time prior to the flow of FIG.

Referring to FIG. The TMCU 9 first determines at step 401 whether or not the current mode is the synchro control mode. If NO, end this flow; if YES, step 402
Proceed to. In step 402, the rotation difference ΔN = dog gear rotation−sleeve rotation is calculated. And the next step 403
It is determined whether or not the CSB operation condition is satisfied. This is shown in FIG.
Step 206 As also shown in the main gear = N, range gear and splitter shift completion, the condition is satisfied when .DELTA.N> all M ₁ is satisfied. If the condition is not satisfied, this flow is finished, and if the condition is satisfied, the flow proceeds to step 404.

In step 404, the rotation difference ΔN is set to a predetermined value Δ
Compared to the N _1. Value of about 200 to 400 (rpm) is as .DELTA.N ₁ is input. Step 4 when ΔN ≧ ΔN ₁
Proceeding to 05, the ON time of the solenoid valve MV BRK is set as a first ON time TON1. That is, the time during which the solenoid valve MV BRK is ON is limited to TON1. And step 406
Then, the OFF time of the solenoid valve MV BRK is set to a first OFF time TOFF1. That is, during TOFF1, the solenoid valve MV BRK
Is forcibly turned off. Thereby, the solenoid valve MV
BRK is alternately ON / OFF with long ON time and short OFF time
As a result, the CSB is operated intermittently at a large operation time rate, so that the CSB provides a large braking force.

On the other hand, if ΔN <ΔN ₁ at step 404, the routine proceeds to step 407, where the ON time of the solenoid valve MV BRK is set to the second ON time TON2. Then, at step 408, the OFF time of the solenoid valve MV BRK is set to the second OFF time. Time TOFF2. As a result, the solenoid valve MVBRK has a short ON time and a long OF
The CSB is turned ON / OFF alternately with the F time, and the CSB is intermittently operated at a small operation time rate, so that the CSB provides a small braking force.

When the ON time and the OFF time have been set in this way, the present flow ends, and the flow shifts to the flow in FIG.

In FIG. 13, the TMCU 9 first determines at step 501 whether or not the current sync control mode is set. If NO, the process proceeds to step 512 where the ON timer is cleared, and in step 513 the OFF timer is fixed at the maximum value.
If YES, the routine proceeds to step 502, where it is determined whether the CSB operation condition is satisfied. This is the same as step 403 in FIG. Next, at step 503, the solenoid valve MV BRK
It is determined whether or not it is ON, that is, whether or not the CSB is operating.

If it is ON, the process proceeds to step 504, where the ON timer is incremented (added). At step 505, the OFF timer is cleared. Next, in step 506, the value of the ON timer is compared with TON * (* is 1 or 2, hereinafter the same). If ON timer <TON *, this flow ends. If ON timer ≥ TON *, the process proceeds to step 507 to operate solenoid valve MV BRK (O
N) is prohibited. On the other hand, the solenoid valve M
Since V BRK is turned ON / OFF, the solenoid valve operation is prohibited in this manner, so that the solenoid valve MV
BRK is turned off.

At step 503, the solenoid valve MV BRK is turned off.
F, that is, when it is determined that the CSB is not operating, the process proceeds to step 508 to clear the ON timer, and at step 509, the OFF timer is incremented. And OFF at step 510
Compare the timer value with TOFF *. OFF timer <TOFF
If *, this flow is terminated, and if OFF timer ≧ TOFF *, the operation of the solenoid valve MV BRK is permitted (that is, operation prohibition is released) in step 511. This allows the solenoid valve MV to be operated in a separate flow.
BRK can be turned ON.

As the actual operation of the CSB according to this flow, first, when the MV BRK is turned on and the CSB starts operating, the process proceeds from step 503 to 504, and the ON timer starts incrementing. Initially ON timer <
Since TON *, steps 501,... 506 are repeated,
When the ON timer ≥ TON *, the time is up and MVB
RK is turned off and CSB is deactivated. In this case, the process proceeds to steps 503 and 508 from the next time, and the OFF timer starts incrementing. In the initial stage, since the OFF timer is smaller than TOFF *, steps 501,... 510 are repeated, but when OFF timer ≧ TOFF *, the time is up. As a result, the MV BRK ON prohibition is released.

At this time, the situation where CSB is still needed (CS
MV BRK turns on again in another flow if B operation condition is satisfied)
And the CSB is activated. While CSB is needed,
The ON / OFF is repeated, and when the CSB becomes unnecessary, the MV BRK is turned off in another flow, and the CSB is deactivated.

Before the present flow, the flow of FIG. 12 is executed, and TON * and TOFF * are determined each time, so that the ON / OFF control (duty control) of the MV BRK according to the rotation difference ΔN can be performed at all times. The effect of the CSB can be optimally adjusted according to the rotation difference ΔN.

As a result, while the rotation difference ΔN is large, the deceleration can be increased, and when the rotation difference ΔN becomes small, the deceleration can be reduced to ideally bring the dog gear rotation closer to the sleeve rotation. And overshoot can be prevented beforehand, and the need for a double clutch is eliminated.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those described above. For example, in the present embodiment, the countershaft braking force is adjusted in two steps. However, by adjusting it in multiple steps or steplessly, it is possible to approach more ideal control.

[0086]

According to the present invention, an excellent effect that optimal braking force adjustment can be performed at the time of countershaft brake control is exhibited.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an automatic transmission for a vehicle according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating an automatic transmission.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an automatic clutch device.

FIG. 4 is a shift-up map.

FIG. 5 is a downshift map.

FIG. 6 shows the number of teeth of each gear in the transmission.

FIG. 7 shows a calculation formula for dog gear rotation and sleeve rotation.

FIG. 8 is a time chart showing the contents of double clutch control.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a shift pattern determination program.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the contents of a shift A pattern.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the contents of a shift B pattern.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart for setting ON time and OFF time.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart for a solenoid valve operation permission determination.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a state of ON / OFF of a solenoid valve.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Clutch 3 Transmission 6 Engine control unit 9 Transmission control unit 10 Clutch booster 17 Splitter 18 Main gear 19 Range gear 20 Splitter actuator 21 Main actuator 22 Range actuator 26 Counter shaft rotation sensor 27 Counter shaft brake 28 Output shaft rotation sensor 36 Dog gear 43, 44 , 45 sleeve MV BRK solenoid valve M ₁ set value of the main gear TON1 first ON time TON2 second ON time TOFF1 first OFF time TOFF2 second OFF time .DELTA.N rotational difference .DELTA.N ₁ predetermined value

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) F16H 59:70 F16H 59:70 F term (reference) 3J028 EA21 EB09 EB14 EB25 EB29 EB37 EB62 EB66 FA06 FB03 FC13 FC23 FC32 FC42 FC63 GA07 GA14 HB17 HC02 HC03 HC13 HC17 HC18 3J552 MA02 MA04 MA13 MA17 NA04 NA05 PA18 PA19 PA70 QB05 VA32Z VA37Z VA74Z VB16W VD11W

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A transmission including a main gear having no mechanical synchronizing mechanism, and a shift control means for executing a shift control of the transmission, wherein a predetermined synchronization control is executed when shifting the main gear. A counter shaft brake for braking a counter shaft of the transmission, and a counter shaft brake control means for controlling the operation of the counter shaft brake. When the dog gear rotation is higher than the sleeve rotation by a certain degree or more, the above-mentioned synchronization control is set to a predetermined countershaft brake control, and the countershaft brake control is made to intermittently operate the countershaft brake. Changes according to the rotation difference between An automatic transmission for a vehicle, wherein the automatic transmission is adapted to be driven. 2. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the smaller the rotation difference, the smaller the operation time ratio. 3. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the operation time ratio is set to a small value when the rotation difference is less than a predetermined value, and is set to a large value when the rotation difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value. apparatus.