JP2000346633A - Distance change detection sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (with correction) [PROBLEMS] To provide a maximum value storage type strain / displacement sensor that can be repeatedly used through a reset operation without replacing a used element. A sensor for measuring an amount of change in a distance between two points, the container being connected to a connection mechanism formed at one of the two points, and being housed movably therein. Connecting mechanism 12 formed on the other B of the two points
Is connected to the sliding body 2 that slides left and right inside the housing 1 with the change in the distance between the two points, and the left pressing portion formed on the sliding body 2 so as to be contactable. Contact
(3a) The left displacement mechanism 3 that has a displacement corresponding to the maximum displacement to the left caused by the displacement of the sliding body 2 to the left and right, and can similarly contact the right pressing part. A right displacement mechanism 4 having a contact portion 4a disposed on the right side thereof and generating a displacement corresponding to the maximum displacement to the right, and a displacement detection mechanism 5 on the left and right sides for detecting the displacement of these left and right displacement mechanisms. , 6
And a reset mechanism 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sensor for detecting a distance change which measures distortion generated in a member of a structure, and more particularly to a sensor for detecting a distance change having a maximum value storage type detecting function. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Sensors such as strain gauges have been used to monitor deformation (displacement and strain) occurring in various parts of structures such as buildings and bridges. Recently, a maximum value storage type strain / displacement sensor utilizing breakage of a filament such as TRIP steel or carbon fiber has been developed. In the maximum value storage type distortion / displacement sensor, the maximum distortion that has occurred since the installation of the sensor is maintained.

[0003]

Since the conventional maximum value storage type strain / displacement sensor uses irreversible plastic deformation of the TRIP steel and breakage of the filament, the TRIP steel is not reusable. Elements such as steel and wire must be replaced with new ones. For this reason, there is a problem that a large amount of labor and time are required for replacement in a dangerous place such as a high place, or when used by being embedded in a structure. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a maximum value storage type strain / displacement sensor that can be used repeatedly without replacing elements.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a distance change amount detecting device which can be used as a maximum value storage type distortion / displacement sensor or as a conventional reversible linear distortion / displacement sensor. It is in.

[0005]

A distance change detecting sensor according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art is for measuring a change in the distance between two points set on an object. . The detection sensor is connected to a connecting mechanism formed at one of the two points, and is displaceably housed inside the housing. A sliding body that is displaced in the first and second directions opposite to each other with the change in the distance between the two points by being connected to the connecting mechanism formed in the housing. A first contact portion disposed so as to be capable of contacting a first pressing portion formed on the moving body, the first contact portion having a first displacement portion that generates a displacement amount corresponding to a maximum displacement amount in a first direction caused by displacement of the sliding body; And a second contact portion disposed so as to be able to come into contact with a second pressing portion formed on the sliding member, the maximum displacement in the second direction caused by the displacement of the sliding member. A second displacement mechanism that produces a displacement amount corresponding to the amount, and a first displacement mechanism A first and second displacement amount detecting mechanism for detecting a displacement, and the first and second contact portions of the first and second displacement mechanisms are connected to first and second pressing portions of the sliding body. By providing a reset mechanism that makes contact with each of them, it is configured to be able to be used repeatedly through a reset operation.

[0006]

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reset mechanism is configured to control the first and second contact mechanisms of the first and second displacement mechanisms by a remotely supplied excitation current. An electromagnet for attracting the part to each of the first and second pressing parts of the sliding body, and a simple operation of remotely supplying an exciting current from the outside, whereby the reuse through a reset operation is performed. Have been.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The electromagnet of the reset mechanism is configured to be held inside the sliding body so that the device can be downsized by high-density mounting.

According to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a braking mechanism for applying a braking force by friction to the displacement of the first and second displacement mechanisms is further provided to adjust the operation sensitivity, It is configured to allow vertical arrangement and the like. Further, the braking mechanism is configured so that the exciting current required for resetting can be reduced by controlling the braking force by an exciting current supplied remotely.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The connection of the housing and the sliding body to each connection mechanism is performed with a degree of freedom of rotation, so that even if an object constituting the structure is bent by an external force, this sensor is not destroyed, In addition, the sliding member is configured to slide smoothly inside the container.

[0010]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing the structure of a distance change detecting sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. This sensor has two points A set on an object such as a structural material of a building,
This is for measuring the amount of change in the distance caused by the load between B and the like. The sensor for detecting a change in distance according to the present embodiment includes a cylindrical tubular body 1, a cylindrical sliding body 2 slidably fitted inside the tubular body 1, and a left-side maximum displacement. Holding rod 3, right maximum displacement holding rod 4, first,
It has second linear potentiometers 5, 6, an electromagnet 7 fixed inside the sliding body 2 by screwing, and a brake 8. The words on the left and right sides used in the maximum displacement holding rods 3 and 4 are used to facilitate understanding of the illustrated example.

The electromagnet 7 constitutes a reset mechanism and comprises a winding 7a and an iron core 7b. To avoid complication of the drawing, although not shown, wires for supplying an exciting current from the outside are connected to the winding 7a of the electromagnet 7 and the electromagnet inside the brake device 8 described later in detail. . Further, discs 3a, 4a made of iron are fixed to the distal ends of the left maximum displacement holding rod 3 and the right maximum displacement holding rod 4, respectively, by press fitting or screwing.

Mandrels 1a and 2a are screwed into one end of each of the cylindrical body 1 and the sliding body 2. Further, at two points A and B set on an object to be measured such as a concrete wall surface, columns 11 and 12 are fixed by embedding or the like. The mandrels 1a and 2a are supported by the distal ends of the columns 11 and 12 while maintaining the freedom of rotation about three orthogonal axes.

An example of such a rotation support structure is a mandrel 1.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view representatively showing the case of a and the support 11. A spherical body is formed at the tip of the support 11, and the mandrel 1 a
A spherical concave portion having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the spherical body is formed in the inside, and the spherical body and the spherical concave portion are loosely fitted to each other. As an example in consideration of ease of assembly, the mandrel 1a includes a cylindrical body 10c having a thread groove formed on an inner peripheral surface of an end thereof, and a cylindrical body 10 press-fitted therein.
a, and a cylindrical body 10b formed with a screw groove on the outer peripheral surface and screwed into the inner peripheral surface at the end of the cylindrical body 10c. A hemispherical surface is formed on the opposing surfaces of the cylindrical bodies 10a, 10b. I have.

As described above, by maintaining the degree of freedom of rotation, it is possible to effectively prevent the sensor from being destroyed due to deformation such as bending of the object to be measured, and to smoothly slide the cylindrical body 1 and the sliding body 2. Movement can be performed, and the accuracy of detection can be improved.

The distance change detecting sensor has two points A and B.
When held in between, first, an exciting current is supplied to the electromagnet 7 and the electromagnet in the brake 8 through an electric wire (not shown) to reset the displacement of the left maximum displacement holding rod 3 and the right maximum displacement holding rod 4. Done. That is, the electromagnet 7
Then, the disks 3a, 4a formed at the respective ends of the left / right maximum displacement holding rods 3, 4 are sucked, and these disks come into contact with both end surfaces of the iron core 7b.

At the time of the reset, the exciting current is also supplied to the brake 8 to release the braking of the holding rods 3 and 4 by the brake 8, and the braking is started after the reset is completed. This brake is a mechanism for preventing the left / right maximum displacement holding rods 3 and 4 from being displaced by a small force different from a large force that causes distortion of a measurement target. This braking function also has a function of preventing the holding rods 3, 4 and the disks 3a, 4a from being displaced by their own weight when the sensor is used vertically.

After the end of the reset and the start of the braking, 2
When the distance between the points A and B expands and contracts due to the load acting on the structure, the relative position between the tubular body 1 and the sliding body 2 changes,
The sliding body 2 moves left and right in the cylindrical body 1. In the following, the distance between the two points A and B once increases by the load applied to this structure from the initial state at the time of reset, then starts decreasing, further decreases through this initial value, and finally returns to the initial state again. The operation in this case will be described assuming that the value has returned to the value.

First, as the distance between the two points A and B becomes larger than the initial value, the sliding body 2 moves to the left inside the tubular body 1. As a result, the disk 3a is pressed to the left by the left end face of the iron core 7b of the electromagnet 7 held by the sliding body 2. This pressing force has a sufficiently larger value than the braking force applied by the brake device 8 to the left maximum displacement holding rod 3. As a result, the disk 3a, and thus the left maximum displacement holding rod 3, moves to the left.

On the other hand, between the disc 4a and the right end face of the iron core 7b, a weak attractive force based on the residual magnetization that slightly remains after the excitation current supplied at the time of resetting disappears acts. ing. As a result, with the movement of the sliding body 2 to the left, the iron disk 4a also tries to be displaced to the left together with the iron core 7b that sucks the disk. However, a braking force that is sufficiently larger than the attraction force due to the residual magnetization is applied to the right maximum displacement holding rod 4 by the brake 8. As a result, the iron core 7b is displaced leftward leaving the disk 4a behind. As a result, a gap is formed between the end face of the slide 2 and the disk 4a.

As described above, the two points A and B once increased
The distance between them again decreases and becomes smaller than the initial value at the time of setting. At this time, the sliding body 2 moves rightward inside the tubular body 1 this time. At this time, the disk 3a which is attracted to the left end face of the iron core by the weak attractive force based on the weak remanent magnetization is:
Due to the braking force applied by the braking supply 8 to the left maximum displacement holding rod 3, the braking supply 8 is separated from the left end face of the iron core 7b moving rightward and is left behind. As a result, the sliding body 2
Is formed between the end face of the disk and the disk 4a.

On the other hand, with respect to the disk 4a, when the slide 2 starts to move rightward from the reset position, this time,
It is pressed rightward by the right end face of the iron core 7b. Since this pressing force is a value sufficiently larger than the braking force applied to the right maximum displacement holding rod 4 by the brake 8, the disk 4 a, and therefore, the right maximum displacement holding rod 4 is moved to the initial position when reset. Move to the right.

Finally, the distance between the two points A and B starts to increase again and returns to the initial value at the time of reset. At this time, the disk 4a, and thus the right maximum displacement holding rod 4, is left behind. As a result, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the position of the disk 3a indicates the maximum position where the left end face of the iron core 7a has moved to the left, and the position of the disk 4a has the right end face of the iron core 7a has moved to the right. This indicates the maximum position. The disk 3a
.DELTA.L1 between the disk 4a and the left end face of the iron core 7a indicates the maximum increment of the distance between the two points A and B, and the distance .DELTA.L2 between the disk 4a and the right end face of the iron core 7a is the distance between the two points A and B. Will show the largest decrease in

That is, assuming that the initial value of the distance between the two points A and B is Lo, the maximum value Lmax and the minimum value Lmin are respectively Lmax = Lo + ΔL1 Lmin = Lo−ΔL2.

Thereafter, each time the distance between the two points A and B changes, the sliding body 2 moves right and left inside the cylindrical body 1. Each time the magnitude of the newly generated displacement of the sliding body 2 exceeds the magnitude of the displacement of the sliding body 2 that has occurred so far, the position of the disk 3a is updated and shifts to the left. , The position of the disk 4a is updated and moves to the right. That is, the positions of the disks 3a and 4a, that is, the positions of the maximum displacement holding rods 3 and 4 on the left and right sides indicate the maximum displacement and the minimum displacement that have occurred so far after the reset. Become.

The positions of the discs 3a and 4a, that is, the positions of the maximum displacement holding bars 3 and 4 on both the left and right sides are obtained by remotely measuring the resistance values of the linear potentiometers 5 and 6 via lead wires (not shown). , Will be detected.

If the object existing between the two points A and B is an elastic object and the load is large enough to maintain the range of elastic deformation, in other words, if the object does not undergo plastic deformation, the load disappears. Then, the distance between A and B returns to the initial value at the time of setting this sensor. Therefore, the reset operation returns the sensor to the initial state at the time of setting.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the structure of the brake 8 of FIG.
It is sectional drawing shown with the maximum displacement holding rods 3 and 4 of both right and left. The brake 8 is provided with maximum displacement holding rods 3 and 4 on both left and right sides.
Elastic body 14 made of rubber or synthetic resin sandwiching the
a, 15a, iron pieces 14b, 15b disposed on both sides of the ends of these elastic bodies, and an elastic band 14 such as a rubber band for compressing the ends of the corresponding elastic bodies via these iron pieces.
c, 15c, an iron core 16, and windings 17, 18 for exciting the iron core.

The windings 17 and 18 are connected in series with the winding 7a of the electromagnet 7 in FIG. As a result, the exciting current flows through the windings 17 and 18 at the time of the above-described reset. As a result, the iron pieces 14b, 15b are attracted to the corresponding end faces of the iron core 16, and one ends of the elastic bodies 14a, 15a are expanded against the elasticity of the elastic strips 14c, 15c, whereby the elastic bodies 14a, 15a are expanded. , The braking force on the maximum displacement holding rods 3 and 4 on both the left and right sides is reduced.

When the exciting current at the time of resetting disappears, one ends of the elastic members 14a and 15a are connected to the elastic band members 14c and 15c.
And the braking force of the elastic members 14a, 15a on the left and right maximum displacement holding rods 3, 4 is increased again. Thus, the winding 7a of the electromagnet 7
And the windings 17a and 18a of the brake 8 are connected in series, so that the braking is turned off only during the reset operation. As a result, resetting by a relatively small exciting current becomes possible.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the sliding body 2 and its related parts in an enlarged manner. The outer peripheral surface of the disk 3 a is formed so as to smoothly slide on the inner wall surface of the cavity 2 a formed inside the sliding body 2. In the small hole 2b formed at the end of the sliding member 2, the distance between the two points fluctuates greatly unexpectedly, so that the disk 3a unexpectedly separates from the end face of the iron core 7b. It is created assuming that resetting is not possible depending on the force. In this case, a manual reset is performed in which a thin rod is inserted into the cavity 2a through the small hole 2b, and the disk 3a is pressed rightward at the tip of the rod.

If necessary, a displacement / strain gauge of a type in which the position of the sliding body 2 is always detected by using the left maximum displacement holding rod 3 by fixing the disk 3a to the opposed end faces of the iron core 7b. Can be configured. In this case, the left maximum displacement detection function cannot be used. For this purpose, a screw is screwed into a screw hole 7c formed in the iron core 7b through a through hole 3b formed in the disk 3a.

Similarly, if necessary, the disk 4a is fixed to the opposite end faces of the iron core 7b, so that the position of the sliding body 2 is always detected by using the right maximum displacement holding rod 4, so that the displacement / distortion can be performed. Can be configured. In this case, the right maximum displacement detection function cannot be used. For this purpose, the disk 4a
A screw can be screwed into a screw hole 7d formed in the iron core 7b through the through hole 4b formed in the iron core 7b.

The configuration using the linear potentiometer displacement meters as the displacement meters 5 and 7 has been described above. However, depending on the required accuracy and the expected displacement amount, the capacitance displacement meter,
Laser displacement meter, working transformer type displacement meter, magnetic force type, strain gauge type, mechanical type, high frequency (eddy current) type, ultrasonic type, β
It is also possible to apply other suitable types of displacement gauges, such as a method using radiation such as X-rays or X-rays.

Further, the case where a cylindrical body having a sealed structure is used as a housing body for housing a sliding body has been described as an example, but an unsealed frame structure may be used if necessary.

[0035]

As described above in detail, the distance change detecting sensor according to the present invention has a function of holding and detecting the maximum displacement and a reset mechanism from the outside by supplying human power or exciting current. Is provided, it becomes possible to use repeatedly through a reset operation without exchanging elements, and the convenience is greatly improved.

In particular, if the reset mechanism is a mechanism including an electromagnet driven by an excitation current supplied remotely, the reset mechanism can be easily reset any number of times from a remote location, and can be used repeatedly through such a reset operation. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a distance change amount detection sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a configuration of a rotation holding mechanism of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a configuration of a brake 8 of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the sliding body of the embodiment and its related parts.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylindrical body 2 Sliding body 3 Left maximum displacement holding rod 4 Right maximum displacement holding rod 5,6 Linear potentiometer 7 Electromagnet 8 Braking device

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2F063 AA02 AA25 BA14 CA40 DA04 EA02 FA01 KA01 LA10 2F069 AA02 AA06 AA68 BB40 DD25 DD30 FF01 GG01 GG06 GG58 GG63 HH02 HH14 2F077 AA38 AA46 EE04 TT63 V

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A distance change detection sensor for measuring a change in distance between two points set on an object, wherein the sensor is connected to a connection mechanism formed at one of the two points. And the body is displaceably housed inside the housing, and is connected to a connection mechanism formed at the other of the two points, so that the housing is changed with a change in the distance between the two points. A sliding member that displaces the inside of the body in first and second directions opposite to each other, and a first contact portion that is disposed so as to be able to contact a first pressing portion formed on the sliding member. A first displacement mechanism that generates a displacement amount in accordance with a maximum displacement amount in a first direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body, and a first displacement mechanism that is arranged to be able to contact a second pressing portion formed on the sliding body. The maximum displacement amount in the second direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body. A second displacement mechanism that produces a displacement amount in accordance with the first and second displacement mechanisms; a first and second displacement amount detection mechanism that detects a displacement amount of the first and second displacement mechanisms; A reset mechanism for bringing the first and second contact portions into contact with the first and second pressing portions of the sliding body, respectively. 2. The sliding mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the reset mechanism causes the first and second contact portions of the first and second displacement mechanisms to be moved by the exciting current supplied from a remote location. A distance change detection sensor, comprising: an electromagnet for attracting each of the two pressing portions. 3. The sensor according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnet of the reset mechanism is held inside the sliding body. 4. A distance change amount detecting device according to claim 1, further comprising a braking mechanism for applying a braking force by friction to the displacement of said first and second displacement mechanisms. Sensor. 5. A distance change detecting sensor according to claim 4, wherein said braking mechanism includes means for controlling a braking force by an excitation current supplied remotely. 6. The distance change detection sensor according to claim 2, wherein the exciting current supplied to the braking mechanism remotely serves also as the exciting current of the reset mechanism. 7. In each of claims 1 to 6, the connection of the housing and the sliding body to each of the connection mechanisms is as follows:
A sensor for detecting a distance change, wherein the sensor has a degree of freedom of rotation. 8. A displacement meter according to claim 1, wherein each of said first and second displacement detecting mechanisms is a linear potentiometer displacement meter, a capacitance displacement meter, a laser displacement meter, or a working transformer type displacement meter. , Strain gauge, magnetic displacement meter, eddy current displacement meter, ultrasonic displacement meter, mechanical displacement meter, radiation displacement meter For sensors. 9. The sliding member according to claim 1, wherein one or both of said first and second contact portions of said first and second displacement mechanisms are first and second pressing portions of said sliding body. A distance change amount detection sensor, comprising a mechanism for connecting to each of the above. 10. A distance change detecting sensor for measuring a change in distance between two points set on an object, wherein the sensor is connected to a connecting mechanism formed at one of the two points. And the body is movably housed inside the housing, and is connected to a connection mechanism formed at the other of the two points, so that the housing is changed with a change in the distance between the two points. A sliding member that displaces the inside of the body in first and second directions opposite to each other, and a first contact portion that is disposed so as to be able to contact a first pressing portion formed on the sliding member. A first displacement mechanism that generates a displacement amount in accordance with a maximum displacement amount in a first direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body, and a first displacement mechanism that is arranged to be able to contact a second pressing portion formed on the sliding body. The maximum displacement amount in the second direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body. A second displacement mechanism that generates the same displacement amount, a first and second displacement amount detection mechanism that detects a displacement amount of the first and second displacement mechanisms, and a first and second displacement mechanism. A mechanism for connecting one or both of the first and second contact portions to each of the first and second pressing portions of the sliding body. 11. A distance change detecting sensor for measuring a change in distance between two points set on an object, wherein the sensor is connected to a connecting mechanism formed at one of the two points. And the body is displaceably housed inside the housing, and is connected to a connection mechanism formed at the other of the two points, so that the housing is changed with a change in the distance between the two points. A sliding member that displaces the inside of the body in first and second directions opposite to each other, and a first contact portion that is disposed so as to be able to contact a first pressing portion formed on the sliding member. A first displacement mechanism that generates a displacement amount in accordance with a maximum displacement amount in a first direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body, and a first displacement mechanism that is arranged to be able to contact a second pressing portion formed on the sliding body. The maximum displacement amount in the second direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body. A second displacement mechanism that generates the same displacement amount, a first and second displacement amount detection mechanism that detects a displacement amount of the first and second displacement mechanisms, and a first and second displacement mechanism. And a braking mechanism for applying a braking force by friction to the displacement. 12. The distance change detection sensor according to claim 11, wherein the braking mechanism includes means for controlling a braking force by an excitation current supplied remotely. 13. A distance change amount detecting sensor for measuring a change amount of a distance between two points set on an object, wherein the sensor is connected to a connection mechanism formed at one of the two points. Body and movably housed inside the housing, and connected to a connecting mechanism formed at the other of the two points, thereby changing the distance between the two points. A sliding body that displaces the inside of the housing body in first and second directions opposite to each other, and a first contact portion that is arranged so as to be able to contact a first pressing portion formed on the sliding body. A first displacement mechanism that produces a displacement amount in accordance with a maximum displacement amount in a first direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body; and a second pressing portion formed on the sliding body so as to be in contact with the first pressing mechanism. A second contact portion having a maximum displacement amount in the second direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body; A second displacement mechanism for generating the same displacement amount, and first and second displacement amount detection mechanisms for detecting the displacement amount of the first and second displacement mechanisms. The connection to each of the connection mechanisms,
A sensor for detecting a distance change, wherein the sensor has a degree of freedom of rotation. 14. A sensor for detecting a change in distance between two points set on an object, the sensor being connected to a connecting mechanism formed at one of the two points. And the body is movably housed inside the housing, and is connected to a connection mechanism formed at the other of the two points, so that the housing is changed with a change in the distance between the two points. A sliding member that displaces the inside of the body in first and second directions opposite to each other, and a first contact portion that is disposed so as to be able to contact a first pressing portion formed on the sliding member. A first displacement mechanism that generates a displacement amount in accordance with a maximum displacement amount in a first direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body, and a first displacement mechanism that is arranged to be able to contact a second pressing portion formed on the sliding body. The maximum displacement amount in the second direction caused by the displacement of the sliding body. First detecting a second displacement mechanism which produces a Flip amount of displacement, the displacement amount of the first, second displacement mechanism,
A distance change amount detection sensor comprising a second displacement amount detection mechanism.