JP3230205B1 - Maximum value storage sensor and maximum value measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

A maximum value storage sensor that measures the maximum value of deformation and distortion of a structure or the like that is simple, small, durable, and does not always require power supply is provided. SOLUTION: First and second blocks 1 and 2 constituting a sensor on an object to be detected such as a structure for measuring deformation and distortion.
Attach. One end of the long object 3 which is rigid in tension and immediately buckles in compression is fixed to the first block with a fixing tool 5. The other end of the long object 3 is the second block 2
Into the slit 4 to provide frictional resistance. At first, as shown in FIG. When the object to be detected is deformed due to an earthquake or the like and the distance between the strain blocks 1 and 2 fluctuates and the distance becomes longer, the long object 3 slides against the second block 2 against the frictional resistance (FIG. 1).
(B)). When returning, do not slip.
Buckles and stores the maximum movement according to its length as shown in FIG. 1 (c). A maximum value can be easily obtained without the need for a power supply.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to an architectural civil engineering structure,
The largest deformations, distortions, etc. experienced in the past in structures such as aircraft, trains, etc.,
The present invention relates to a sensor for easily measuring physical quantities such as force and stress without constantly measuring them online, and for evaluating the degree of damage to a target structure or the like.

In particular, the present invention is applied to a building structure called a vibration control (seismic) structure, and is suitable for use in a soundness diagnosis of a damper which is a damage energy absorbing mechanism of the building structure. Also, the present invention relates to a maximum value storage sensor suitable for measuring the maximum deformation, strain, force, and stress received in the past for a bridge to which a dynamically loaded load is constantly applied.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art The following sensors are known as sensors for storing the maximum values of displacement and strain received in the past. . A plurality of conductive elements such as carbon fibers are bent as an array in parallel, and a cutting means having an inclination is arranged between the bends to constitute a sensor, attached to a detection target, and the detection target is deformed. By distorting, when displacement occurs between the ends of the plurality of bent conductive elements and the cutting means, the conductive elements are cut in accordance with the amount of the displacement, and this bundle of conductive elements is cut. By changing the electrical resistance of the element,
There is known a maximum value detection sensor that detects the maximum amount of displacement received in the past (see JP-A-8-178765, JP-A-8-178766, and the like). . Also, using a material in which carbon fiber or carbon powder is put in a composite material, utilizing the relationship between the maximum strain and the change in residual resistance, utilizing the fact that carbon fiber etc. is cut when force is applied to this material. Sensors for detecting the maximum stress received in the past have also been developed. . Further, a sensor has been developed which detects the maximum strain using a trip steel which is magnetized when a strain occurs.

[0004]

In the various sensors for detecting the maximum strain and the like described above, the sensor of the method of mechanically cutting the carbon fibers arranged in parallel has a mechanical mechanism because it is a mechanical mechanism. However, there is a problem that the displacement (maximum strain or the like) can be detected only at the stage corresponding to the number of the conductive elements, and it is difficult to improve the detection accuracy. Also, in a sensor that uses carbon fiber or the like as the composite material and cuts the carbon fiber according to the strength of the stress, the residual resistance is also correlated with the value of the strain applied at that time, so that the sensor is completely distorted. However, there is a problem that an accurate detection value cannot be obtained unless is returned to zero. Further, the sensor using the trip steel has a disadvantage that the mechanism for detecting the state of magnetization is complicated, the sensor itself becomes large, and the cost increases. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a simple, compact, and durable maximum value storage sensor that measures the value of the maximum deformation or distortion of an object to be detected in the past.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a first and second blocks which are fixed to a mounting portion of a first block and slidably held by a mounting portion of a second block. A long object attached to the second block, the long object having a stiffness that withstands a force corresponding to a static friction resistance force with respect to a mounting portion of the second block against a pulling force, and the static friction with a compressive force. By constructing a material that buckles with a force smaller than the resistance,
The maximum displacement and strain are detected and stored by changing the length of the long object according to the displacement in the pulling direction. And by measuring the length between two blocks of this long object,
The past maximum displacement and strain can be measured.

In addition, there are first and second blocks provided with extension members extending in directions facing each other, and each extension member is extended to a position where the tip thereof exceeds the other tip, and between the tip portions. An elongate object is attached, and the elongate object is fixed to a mounting portion at one end and slidably mounted to an mounting portion at the other end. Further, the long object has a rigidity that withstands a force corresponding to a static friction resistance force between the attachment portion at the other end portion and the long object with respect to a tensile force, and a compression force is smaller than the static friction resistance force. By using a material that buckles with a small force, the length of the long object is changed by the displacement in the compression direction, and the maximum displacement and strain are detected and stored.

Further, in a state where the long object is stretched linearly between the mounting portions of the long object in a no-load state, at least a part between the linear mounting portions is reduced with respect to the pulling force. The slidable mounting portion has a rigidity enough to withstand a force corresponding to the static frictional resistance between the long object, and the compressive force buckles with a force smaller than the static frictional resistance. It has strong rigidity against force.

Further, in order to facilitate the measurement of the length of the long object, the long object is made of an electric resistance material, and the two blocks are electrically conductive at least partially connected to the long object. It is made of a material, and the length of a long object between the blocks can be electrically measured. In addition, the measurement accuracy is improved by reducing the electrical resistance between the mounting portions and increasing the electrical resistance of other portions including the slidably mounted mounting portion.

[0009] One end of a long object similar to the above-described long object is fixed to each of the first and second blocks, and the other end is fixed to each of a pair of terminals of a variable capacitor or a variable inductance. The displacement and strain can be measured by measuring the capacitance of the sample. Furthermore, an inductance is connected to the variable capacitor or a capacitor is connected to the variable inductance to form an LC resonance circuit,
The amount of capacitance change of the variable capacitor or variable inductance can be measured in a non-contact manner by radio waves. Then, by arranging each of the above-described sensors in a plurality of directions, by measuring the maximum deformation, maximum strain, and maximum stress with directionality, the stress distribution and the strain distribution of the planar object to be detected are measured. Measured.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of a maximum value storage sensor according to the present invention and a first embodiment. The present invention comprises two blocks 1 and 2 and an elongated, thread-like, string-like, long strip 3 attached between the two blocks. It is attached to a detection target or incorporated in a laminate, and the laminate is attached to a detection target to measure deformation, distortion, and stress of the detection target.
One end of the long object 3 is fixed to the mounting portion of the first block 1, and the other end is slidably mounted on the mounting portion of the second block 2. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the long object 3 is attached so as to be sandwiched between attachment portions formed of slits (or holes) 4 provided in the second block 2. This long object 3
Is made of a material that is rigid with respect to tensile force and does not extend, but has no rigidity with respect to compression and immediately buckles. That is, the long object 3 is the second block 2
In the case where the second block 2 is relatively moved with respect to the long object 3, the second block 2 is only inserted through the slit 4 of the attachment portion provided in The force applied from the block 2 to the long object 3 is only the frictional resistance on the sliding surface. The long object 3 has a strong rigidity that can withstand a force corresponding to the static frictional resistance against a tensile force (at least a rigidity that does not expand or break with a force corresponding to the static frictional resistance), and a compressive force. , It is made of a thread, a string, or a belt-like elongated material having only rigidity enough to buckle with a force smaller than the static friction resistance.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 5 denotes a fixing tool for fixing the long object 3 to the mounting portion of the first block 1.

Therefore, the first and second blocks 1, 2
Is attached to an object to be detected which is to detect a maximum displacement or distortion received in the past, or the first and second blocks 1 and 2 are attached to a laminate constituting a sensor housing,
When this laminate is attached to the detection target, the long object 3
Is drawn out to the left in FIG. 1A, and is kept in a straight line between the first and second blocks 1 and 2. When the object to be detected is displaced and the second block 2 moves to the left relative to the first block 1 as shown in FIG. Is rigid and does not stretch, so that it slides against the frictional resistance with the second block 2. After that, even if the deformation of the detected object returns and the second block 2 returns to the original position relatively to the first block 1, the long object 3 and the long object 3 Since the buckling is caused by a force equal to or less than the static frictional resistance with the second block 2, no relative movement occurs between the long object 3 and the second block 2, and as shown in FIG. When the block 2 returns to the original position, the long object 3 is bent between the two blocks 1 and 2.

Thereafter, as long as the amount of deformation of the detected object does not exceed the amount of deformation in the past, the amount of bending of the long object 3 does not change, and the length of the long object 3 between the two blocks 1 and 2 does not change. Has not changed. However, when a deformation exceeding the maximum deformation amount received in the past occurs to the detection target, as described above, in the direction in which the long object 3 is pulled (left direction in FIG. 1),
Sliding occurs between the second block 2 and the long object 3, and the length of the long object 3 between the two blocks 1 and 2 changes. Thereby, the length of the long object 3 between the two blocks 1 and 2 indicates the maximum deformation and distortion amount received in the past,
By measuring the length of the long object 3 between the two blocks 1 and 2, it is possible to detect the maximum deformation amount and distortion amount in the past. As apparent from the above description, there is a strong rigidity against the tensile force of the long object 3, and it is not necessary to form a buckling portion over the entire length of the long object 3 against the compressive force. May be provided in at least any part between the two blocks 1 and 2 when installing.

As a method of measuring the length of the long object 3 between the two blocks 1 and 2, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), this maximum value storage sensor is first attached to an object to be detected. When the long object 3 is in a straight line state, the long object 3 protruding from the left end of the second block 2 is measured by a measuring device using a laser beam or the like, and stored as an initial value.
When the deformation of the object to be detected is expected due to an earthquake or the like, and it is desired to measure the deformation, the length of the long object 3 projecting from the left end of the second block 2 is measured, and the amount of change from the initial value is measured. , And the amount of change in the length is calculated as two blocks 1
Since this means the amount of change in the length of the long object 3 between the two, it is possible to detect the maximum amount of deformation and distortion in the past. An embodiment of the present invention which enables a simpler measuring method than the above-described method will be described below.

FIG. 2 is an outline and operation explanatory diagram of a maximum value storage sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the first and second blocks 1 and 2 and the fixing member 5 are made of a conductive material, and the long object 3 is made of an electric resistance material such as a nichrome wire. The long object 3 is fixed to a mounting portion of the block 1 with a fixing tool 5, inserted into a mounting portion of the second block 2 formed by a slit or a hole 4, and held. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, the pulling force has strong rigidity, and the size and the second force of the second block 2 and the long object 3 are set so as to buckle with a compressive force equal to or less than the static friction resistance force. The size of the slit 4 of the block 2 is designed. Further, in this embodiment, the long object is formed of an electric resistance material, and by measuring the resistance value between the two blocks 1 and 2 as described later, the two blocks 1 and 2 are measured.
Since the length of the long object 3 between the two, that is, the maximum deformation amount and strain received in the past are measured, the insulating member 6 is formed so as to cover the first and second blocks 1 and 2 and the entire portion therebetween.
Are arranged. FIG. 2 shows a diagram in which the insulating member 6 is provided only on one surface.

Therefore, this maximum value storage sensor is attached to the object to be detected, and the long object 3 is made linear between the two blocks 1 and 2, and the resistance between the two blocks 1 and 2 is measured and the initial value is measured. It is stored as a value. As described above, when a force is applied to the object to be detected and the object is distorted and deformed, deformation occurs between the two blocks 1 and 2, and as shown in FIG.
When the block 2 moves in the direction away from the block 1, that is, a tensile force is generated, a slip occurs between the second block 2 and the long object 3, and the length of the long object 3 between the two blocks 1 and 2 is increased. Changes. Thereafter, when the pulling force is removed, the long object 3 is buckled and bent as shown in FIG. 2B. In addition, the sliding between the second block 2 and the long object 3 causes the long object 3 between the two blocks 1 and 2 to slide.
Is generated only when the two blocks 1 and 2 are separated from each other by more than the length, the length of the long object 3 between the two blocks 1 and 2 is the largest ever deformed in the past at the present time. Indicates the amount.

Therefore, if the electric resistance between the blocks 1 and 2 is measured and the amount of change from the initial value is obtained, the past maximum deformation and distortion of the object to be detected can be detected. or,
Once the past maximum deformation and strain were measured, the long object 3
2B is pulled to the left in FIG.
If the long object 3 between the blocks 1 and 2 is kept in a linear state, the sensor will store the maximum deformation and distortion that have occurred. That is, the long object 3 can be reset by pulling it, and the maximum deformation amount and the distortion amount during the period can be measured for each period.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a maximum value storage sensor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the maximum deformation amount and distortion amount of the object to be detected in the past are detected by a change in electric capacity. For this reason, the second embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that a variable capacitor 7 is provided.

The first and second blocks are made of a conductive material, and between the first block 1 and one of the electrodes 7a of the variable capacitor 7, the above-described long object 3a made of a conductive material is fixed. I have. A long object 3b made of a conductor is provided between the second block 2 and the other electrode 7b of the variable capacitor 7.
Is fixed. In addition, the code | symbol 5 is elongate thing 3a, 3b
Is a fixing tool made of a conductor for fixing one end of the first part to the mounting part of the first and second blocks 1 and 2. or,
Reference numeral 6 denotes an insulating material as in the second embodiment.

Also in the third embodiment, the long object 3
a and 3b are conductive materials which are rigid in the pulling direction and do not extend, and which buckle with a force in the compressing direction smaller than the movement resistance of the two opposing electrodes of the variable capacitor 7. It is composed of

Also in the third embodiment, when a tensile force is applied to the two blocks 1 and 2, the variable capacitor 2
The two electrodes move relatively, and their capacitance changes.
On the other hand, even if a compressive force is applied to the two blocks 1 and 2 and the distance between the two blocks 1 and 2 becomes small, the long object 3
Since a and b buckle, the capacitance of the variable capacitor 7 does not change. As a result, if the electric capacity between the two blocks 1 and 2 made of two conductive materials is measured, it is possible to detect the past maximum amount of deformation and strain due to the tensile force applied to the two blocks 1 and 2. Can be.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The fourth embodiment and the third embodiment shown in FIG.
The second embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that a variable inductance 8 is used in place of the variable capacitor 7, and the other points are the same as the second embodiment. That is, the variable inductance 8
The first long object 3a is fixed between one terminal (the iron core side in FIG. 4) 8a and the first block 1, and the other terminal (the coil side in FIG. 4) 8b of the variable inductance 8 and the second A second long object 3b is fixed between the blocks 2.
Also in the third embodiment, the long objects 3a and 3b are
It is made of a conductive material that is rigid in the pulling direction and does not expand, and buckles with a force smaller than the movement resistance of the two terminals 8 a and 8 b of the variable inductance 8 against a force in the compression direction. I have. Other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment.

Also in the fourth embodiment, when a tensile force is applied to the two blocks 1 and 2, the two terminals of the variable inductance 8 move relatively, and the inductance changes. However, for the compression force, the long object 3a,
3b buckles, and the inductance of the variable inductance 8 does not change. As a result, by measuring the inductance between the two blocks 1 and 2 made of two conductive materials, it is possible to detect the past maximum amount of deformation and strain due to the tensile force applied to the two blocks 1 and 2. .

In the third and fourth embodiments, if a conductor is connected to both ends of the variable capacitor 7 or the variable inductance 8 so as to be extendable and retractable, and the end of the conductor is taken out of the sensor, It is not necessary to form the first and second blocks 1 and 2, the long objects 3 a and 3 b, and the fixing tool 5 with a conductor.

In the third and fourth embodiments described above,
In the method of measuring the maximum value based on the capacitance of the variable capacitor and the inductance value of the variable inductance, the maximum value can be wirelessly measured. That is, an inductance is connected to a variable capacitor, or a capacitor is connected to a
Configure a resonance circuit and irradiate this sensor with radio waves to
The maximum value of deformation and distortion may be measured by measuring the capacitance of the variable capacitor and the inductance of the variable inductance by measuring the interference by the resonance circuit.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which an LC resonance circuit is formed by adding an inductance (coil) to a variable capacitor. In the fifth embodiment, the first and second blocks 1 and 2 are made of a non-conductive material, and an inductance (coil) 10 is provided in the first block 1 and is electrically connected to the fixture 5. ing. Further, the other end of the inductance (coil) 10 is connected to the fixing member 5 of the second block by a conducting wire 11. As a result, the variable capacitor 7 and the inductance (coil) 10
A closed circuit connected in series via the conductor 11 is formed,
An LC resonance circuit is formed. As described later, since the capacitance of the variable capacitor of the LC resonance circuit is wirelessly detected without connecting a power source to the LC resonance circuit, a circuit in which the variable capacitor 7 and the inductance (coil) 10 are connected. , It is not necessary to form the long objects 3a, 3b, the fixing member 5 and the like with a conductive material.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment, and shows an example in which a capacitor is added to a variable inductance to form an LC resonance circuit. In the sixth embodiment, the first and second blocks 1 and 2 are made of a non-conductive material, a capacitor (capacitor) 12 is provided in the first block 1, and the fixing tool 5 of the first block is electrically connected to the first block 1. Connected. And the capacitor (condenser) 1
The other end of 2 is connected to the fixing member 5 of the second block by a conducting wire 13. As a result, a closed circuit is formed in which the variable inductance 8 and the capacitor (capacitor) 12 are connected in series via the fasteners 5 and 5 and the conducting wire 13 to form an LC resonance circuit. Also in this case, the variable inductance 8 and the capacitor (capacitor)
12 is connected to form a long object 3
It is not necessary to form the conductive members a, 3b, the fixing tool 5 and the like.

In the fifth and sixth embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, since the LC resonance circuit is formed in the sensor, an electromagnetic wave having a frequency near the resonance frequency is transmitted from the oscillation antenna. When the frequency is changed and launched, when the frequency of this electromagnetic wave reaches the resonance frequency point of the LC resonance circuit, a signal of amplitude and phase different from that of the transmitted electromagnetic wave is received by the receiving antenna, and this resonance frequency is known by this signal, and the variable capacitor Or the inductance of the variable inductance can be detected. With this detection value, the amount of change in the distance between the first and second blocks 1 and 2 can be wirelessly measured.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the tensile force applied to the maximum value storage sensor, that is, the maximum deformation amount and distortion amount when a force that increases the distance between the two blocks 1 and 2 is applied is measured. The maximum deformation and strain in the direction of the compression force cannot be measured. The seventh embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
Is an embodiment of a maximum value storage sensor for measuring a maximum deformation amount and a distortion amount due to a force in a compression direction.

The first and second blocks are provided with extension members 1a and 2a extending in a direction facing each other, and each of the extension members 1a and 2a is extended to a position where its tip exceeds the other tip. . A long object 3 is attached between the mounting portions at the distal ends of the extension members 1a and 2a, and the long object 3 is fixed to the mounting portion at one of the distal ends, and is attached to the mounting portion at the other distal portion. It is configured to be slidably mounted. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the extension member 2a of the second block 2
The elongated object 3 is fixed by the fixing member 5 at the distal end of the first block 1, and the mounting portion at the distal end of the extension member 1a of the first block 1 is slidably provided with a slit or a hole as in the first embodiment. 4 is inserted. The long object 3 has a rigidity capable of withstanding a force corresponding to a static frictional resistance between the slit or hole 4 at the distal end of the extension member 1a of the first block 1 and the long object 3 against a tensile force. And the compression force is made of a material that buckles with a force smaller than the static friction resistance.
Extension members 1a, 2a arranged so as to sandwich the long object 3
The opposite surface (the side where the long object 3 exists) is coated with an insulating material 6, and even when the long object 3 buckles and bends and comes into contact with these surfaces, electricity is generated at this contact surface. I try not to.

When the sensor shown in FIG. 7 is attached to an object to be detected, the object to be detected is
When the two are deformed in the direction in which they extend (when a tensile force is applied), the distance between the two blocks 1 and 2 increases, but the distance between the distal ends of the extension members 1a and 2a decreases. At this time, the long object 3 only buckles and bends, and the length between the distal ends of the extension members 1a and 2a does not change. On the other hand, when the object to be detected is deformed in a direction in which the two blocks 1 and 2 shrink (subject to a compressive force), the distance between the two blocks 1 and 2 is reduced,
The distance between the leading ends of the extension members 1a, 2a is enlarged.
The length between the tips of 2a increases, and the length of the long object 3 also increases. Therefore, if the electric resistance value between the first and second blocks 1 and 2 is measured and the amount of change is obtained, it is possible to measure the maximum amount of deformation and distortion in the compression direction detected by this sensor up to that point. it can.

In each of the above-described embodiments, only the largest ever deformation or distortion in either the extension direction (tensile force) or the compression direction (compression force) can be detected, but the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. In the embodiment, deformation and distortion in both directions can be measured.

First block 1 made of conductive material
One end is fixed to the mounting portion of the second block 2 and the first block 1 by a fixing tool 5, and is formed of an electric resistance material inserted into the mounting portion formed by the slit or hole 4 of the second block 2. The elongated object 3 is the same as that of the second embodiment. The difference is that a third block 15 connected by a connecting member 17 is provided at a position beyond the first block 1 in the direction from the second block 2 to the first block 1, and the third block 15 is provided. A long object 16 similar to the long object 3 is inserted through a slit or hole 4 provided in the block 15 of the first block 1, and one end of the long object 16 is opposed to the opposing surface of the first block 1 (the second block). Third block 10 opposite to the surface facing 2
(A surface facing the surface).

The two long objects 3 and 16 are arranged so as to be substantially collinear, and each of the long objects 3 and 16 and the second and third blocks 2 and 2 are arranged in the same manner as in the above-described embodiments. It is made of a material that buckles with a compressive force smaller than the static frictional resistance with the fifteen slits or holes 4 and is rigid and does not expand with a tensile force of about the static frictional resistance.
The connecting member 12 is made of an insulating material that does not conduct electricity.

When the blocks 1, 2, 15 and the like are incorporated in a laminate or the like to constitute a sensor, the first and second blocks are fixed to the laminate, but the third block is not fixed. I do. In the case of directly attaching to the detection target, the first and second blocks are fixed to the detection target, but the third block 15 is not fixed.

When the object to which the sensor is attached is deformed by a force, the distance between the first and second blocks expands and contracts, and the distance between the first and third blocks expands and contracts. That is, when the object to be detected is deformed so that tension is generated between the first and second blocks 1 and 2, the second
Block 2 moves in a direction relatively away from the first block 1 (to the left in FIG. 8), and the long object 3
Of the long object between the first and second blocks 1 and 2 by sliding through the slit or the hole 4 of the block 2 of FIG. On the other hand, as the second block 2 moves leftward in FIG. 8, the third block 15 moves in a direction approaching the first block 1. At this time, the long object 16 buckles and bends, and no slip occurs between the long object 11 and the third block 15. As a result, the length of the long object 16 between the first and third blocks 1 and 15 does not change.

When the tensile force disappears and the deformation of the object to be detected returns to the original position, the second and third blocks 2 and 15 return to the original positions with respect to the first block 1. At this time,
The long object 3 buckles and bends, and the second block and the long object 3
No slippage occurs between them, and the length of the long object 3 between the first and second blocks 1 and 2 maintains the state when the object to be detected is deformed. On the other hand, the long object 16 returns to its original state,
The length between block 1 and third block 15 remains unchanged.

The object to be detected is deformed by a compressive force,
The second block 2 is moved in a direction (rightward in FIG. 8) that is relatively close to the first block 1 by receiving a force in the direction of compression between the first and second blocks 1 and 2. In this case, the long object 3 between the first and second blocks 1 and 2 is
By simply buckling and bending, the second block 2 and the long object 3
There is no slippage between them and there is no change in length. But the third
Block 15 moves in a direction (to the right in FIG. 6) relatively away from the first block 1.
The distance between the third blocks 1 and 15 increases, and the first and third blocks 1 and 1 of the long object 16 are longer than the increased distance.
If the length between 5 is short, the long object 16 and the third block 1
Slip occurs between the five, and this length is proportional to the amount of deformation due to compression.

As described above, in the eighth embodiment, the deformation and strain in the tensile direction of the object to be detected to which the sensor is attached can be measured by the length of the long object 3, and the deformation in the compression direction can be measured. The amount of distortion can be measured by the length of the long object 16. Therefore, by measuring the electric resistance between the first block 1 and the second block 2, the amount of deformation and distortion of the object to be detected in the pulling direction is measured, and the electric resistance between the first block 1 and the third block 15 is measured. By doing so, it is possible to measure the amount of deformation and distortion of the object to be detected in the compression direction, and it is possible to measure the amount of deformation and distortion in the pulling direction and compression direction that have been received in the past.

In the above-described eighth embodiment, the maximum value storage sensor for measuring the deformation and distortion of the object to be detected based on the length of the long object shown in the first embodiment, ie, the change in the electric resistance. However, as described in the second and third embodiments, a variable capacitor or a variable inductance is used instead of the length (electrical resistance) of the long object to change the capacitance or inductance. May be measured to detect a deformation amount and a distortion amount of the object to be detected in the tension direction and the compression direction.

The amount of distortion of the detection target to be measured by the maximum value storage sensor is 0.01% of the length of the sensor.
%, Which is very small. Therefore, it is desirable to use a method for increasing the measurement accuracy. As a method therefor, there is a method of increasing the rate of change due to deformation and distortion.
FIG. 9 shows an example in which a method for increasing the rate of change due to deformation and strain is applied to a sensor for measuring the amount of deformation and strain by changing the resistance value according to the length of a long object.
It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment. This sensor is not receiving force (before attaching this sensor to the object to be detected)
In a state where the long object 3 between the first and second blocks is stretched on a straight line, the long object 3 between the first and second blocks is made of a material having a small resistance value such as a conductive material. Composed of
The other portion 3b is made of a resistance material having a large resistance value. Then, when the length of the long object 3 between the first and second blocks increases, the rate of change in the resistance value between the first and second blocks also increases, and a slight deformation or distortion is amplified and detected. can do. The long object region 3a made of a material having a small resistance value such as a conductive material is in a state where it is not subjected to a force by the sensor (before the sensor is attached to the object to be detected).
In the state where the long object 3 is stretched on a straight line between the first and second blocks, the length may be equal to or less than the length between the first and second blocks. , Second
The closer to the length between the blocks, the better.

In the third to sixth embodiments, the capacitance portion of the variable capacitor and the inductance portion of the variable inductance may be shortened to increase the rate of change.

In order to measure the amount of deformation and distortion of the object to be detected in various directions, the direction in which the maximum value storage sensor of each embodiment described above is to be measured and the length direction of the long object are attached together. There is a need. Also, when measuring the maximum value distribution of deformation and distortion of a planar detection target, the maximum value storage sensor is attached to the detection target in a plurality of orthogonal directions to obtain a planar maximum value distribution. Can be measured.

Further, by applying each of the above-described embodiments,
As shown in FIG. 10, it is also possible to measure the maximum value distribution of deformation and distortion with respect to a planar object to be detected. FIG.
In the example shown in FIG. 2, an example is shown in which a sensor that measures using a change in resistance value due to a change in the length of a long object shown in FIG. 2 and the like is applied. In the sensor for obtaining this planar maximum value distribution, the sensor element 20 constituting the sensor is replaced with the sensor element 20 shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, one block 21 and a first long object 22 fixed to one surface of the block 21 and a second long object 23 fixed to an adjacent surface perpendicular to this surface are provided. The block 21 of the first and second long objects 22 and 23
The mounting height (in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 10A) is different.

Further, each of the long objects 22 and 23 is separated from the surface opposite to the surface on which the first and second long objects 22 and 23 are attached.
The slits 24 and 25 are provided at a position at the same height as the mounting position of the first and second elongated objects 22 and 23 beyond the central portion to the mounting position of the first and second long objects 22 and 23. Further, the fixing tool 5 and the block 20 are insulated. This sensor is different from the sensor of the second embodiment in the above-described points.

A sensor element 20 as shown in FIG. 10A is used and attached to the surface of the object to be detected as shown in FIG. 10B. The elongated members 22 and 23 of one sensor element are inserted into slits 24 or 25 of the opposing sensor element 20, respectively, and continuously connect them. Then, when this sensor is provided and the object to be detected has not been deformed or distorted at all, the long objects 22 and 23 are linearly interposed between the blocks as shown in FIG. Is held in.

However, when the object to be detected is deformed or distorted, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 0 (c), in the deformed and distorted position where the blocks are separated from each other, the long object 22,
23 is buckled and bent. Therefore, by measuring the electric resistance between the fixture of one sensor element and the block 21 of the sensor element into which the long object connected to the fixture is inserted, the deformation in the tensile direction between the two sensor elements is measured. , The amount of distortion can be measured. Then, by measuring the length (resistance value) of the long object between the sensor elements 20, the maximum value distribution of the amount of deformation and distortion on the surface can be measured.

In the above-described example, an example of a sensor for measuring the maximum value of the amount of deformation and distortion of the object to be detected has been described. However, the entire sensor may be formed of an elastic body, or the first and second sensors may be used.
If the blocks are connected by an elastic body, a linear relationship is established between the amount of deformation between the two blocks and the applied force, so that the maximum value of the applied force can also be measured.

[0048]

According to the present invention, a simple, compact and durable sensor can be obtained. In addition, it is not necessary to always supply power, etc., and when you want to measure the maximum amount of deformation and distortion due to the force received by the object to be detected, such as a building immediately after an earthquake, etc., the maximum amount of deformation using a simple device , Distortion amount,
Further, the maximum force received in the past can be measured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the present invention and a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram and an operation explanatory diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a method of measuring the maximum value distribution of planar deformation and distortion of a detection target object using the maximum value storage sensor of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st block 2 2nd block 3,16,22,23 Long object 4 Slit or hole 5 Fixture 6 Insulating material 7 Variable capacitor 8 Variable inductance 10 Coil 11,13 Conductor 12 Capacitor 15 Third block 17 Connecting member 20 Sensor element 21 Block 24, 25 Slit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01B 21/32 G01B 5/30 G01B 7/16 G01L 1/00

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first and a second block and a long object fixed to a mounting portion of the first block and slidably mounted on the mounting portion of the second block. The elongate object has a rigidity that withstands a force corresponding to a static friction resistance with the mounting portion of the second block against a tensile force, and a force smaller than the static friction resistance with a compression force. A maximum value storage sensor comprising a buckling material. 2. A first and a second block provided with extension members extending in directions facing each other, wherein each extension member extends to a position where the tip thereof exceeds the other tip, and between the tip portions. An elongate object is attached, the elongate object is fixed to a mounting portion at one end and slidably mounted on an mounting portion at the other end, and the elongate object is pulled. It is made of a material that has a rigidity to withstand a force corresponding to the static frictional resistance between the mounting portion at the other end and the long object, and a compressive force that buckles with a force smaller than the static frictional resistance. A maximum value storage sensor characterized in that: 3. The elongate object is stretched linearly between attachment portions of the elongate object, and at least a part between the attachment portions of the elongate object slides against a tensile force. It has rigidity to withstand a force corresponding to the static frictional resistance between the possible mounting portion and the long object, buckles with a force smaller than the static frictional resistance as a compressive force, and has other portions with a tensile force and a compressive force. The maximum value storage sensor according to claim 1, wherein the maximum value storage sensor has high rigidity. 4. The long object is made of an electric resistance material,
The at least one of the two blocks is made of a conductive material electrically connected to the long object, and the length of the long object between the blocks can be electrically measured. 3. The maximum value storage sensor according to item 1 of 3. 5. The mounting device according to claim 1, wherein the elongated object is stretched linearly between mounting portions of the elongated object, and has a small electric resistance between the linear mounting portions, and is slidably mounted. 5. The maximum value storage sensor according to claim 4, wherein another portion including the portion is formed to have a large electric resistance. 6. A first and a second block, and a long object having one end fixed to each block and the other end fixed to an opposing electrode of a variable capacitor, wherein the long object is: It is made of a material that has rigidity to withstand a force for moving the movable portion of the variable capacitor with respect to a tensile force, and is made of a material that buckles with a force smaller than a force for moving the movable portion with respect to a compressive force. A maximum value storage sensor configured to measure the capacity. 7. The maximum value storage sensor according to claim 6, wherein an inductance is connected to the variable capacitor to form an LC resonance circuit. 8. A first and a second block, and a long object having one end fixed to one of the blocks and the other end fixed to each terminal of the variable inductance, wherein the long object is The variable inductance is made of a material that has rigidity to withstand a force for moving the movable portion of the variable inductance with respect to a tensile force, and buckles with a force smaller than a force for moving the movable portion with respect to a compressive force; The maximum value storage sensor configured to be able to measure the capacity of the sensor. 9. The maximum value storage sensor according to claim 8, wherein a capacitor is connected to the variable inductance to form an LC resonance circuit. 10. A maximum value for measuring a directional maximum deformation, a maximum strain and a maximum stress by arranging the maximum value storage sensor according to claim 1 in a plurality of directions. Value measurement method.