IE48181B1 - Component for building agricultural greenhouses comprising composite transparent thermoplastic material - Google Patents
Component for building agricultural greenhouses comprising composite transparent thermoplastic materialInfo
- Publication number
- IE48181B1 IE48181B1 IE527/79A IE52779A IE48181B1 IE 48181 B1 IE48181 B1 IE 48181B1 IE 527/79 A IE527/79 A IE 527/79A IE 52779 A IE52779 A IE 52779A IE 48181 B1 IE48181 B1 IE 48181B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- films
- film
- thermoplastic material
- building component
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229920006352 transparent thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- GYWCVOZDFNTGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-octoxy-10-oxodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O GYWCVOZDFNTGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHLDEDLAZNFOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-octoxy-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O IHLDEDLAZNFOJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004608 Heat Stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/1438—Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/41—Opaque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/748—Releasability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2331/00—Polyvinylesters
- B32B2331/04—Polymers of vinyl acetate, e.g. PVA
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2410/00—Agriculture-related articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
Composite transparent thermoplastic material for making agricultural greenhouses comprises at least two superposed films, the bottom film being made of a thermoplastic material with great resistance to the aging caused by ultra-violet radiation and the other(s) being made of a thermoplastic material that is opaque to infra-red radiation with a wavelength of over 8 microns. The material has a useful life longer than that of single films of the same thickness and the reduction in light transmission with the passage of time, in so far as it is due to corrosion, may periodically be made good by replacing individual layers. A liquid such as glycerin may be included between the films. The layers may be of polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or plasticised pvc.
Description
The invention relates to agricultural greenhouses and transparent thermoplastic material for making them.
It is known that thermoplastic films can be 5 used for making agricultural greenhouses. The thermoplastic materials used for preparing these films include polyethylene, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and plasticised polyvinyl chloride. Polyethylene films, by virtue of their resistance to aging caused by ultraviolet radiation, may remain in service for several years and thus have the advantage of a long life. However, since polyethylene is transparent to infra-red radiation with a wavelength of over 8 microns, such films do not retain the heat, which is re-emitted at night in the form of such radiations within the greenhouse. This makes the harvests less early and is detrimental to the yields obtained. Films made of copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate and films made of plasticised polyvinyl chloride have the advant20 age of being more opaque to infra-red radiation with a wavelength of over 8 microns, but the life of such films is notoriously shorter, generally not more than two years.
The main disadvantage of the thermoplastic films used for making agricultural greenhouses is the fact that, however stable they are to light, the - 3 amount of light transmitted through them decreases in the course of time as a result of corrosion, which causes scoring on the surface, mainly the external surface exposed to the weather.
The present invention provides a component for building agricultural greenhouses comprising a composite transparent thermoplastic material and composed of at least two superposed films, the film intended to face the interior of the greenhouse, herein called the lowermost film, being made of a thermoplastic material with great resistance to the aging produced by ultraviolet radiation, the other film or films being removable without damaging the remaining films and being made of a thermoplastic material that is opaque to infra-red radiation with a wavelength of over 8 microns.
Also in accordance with the present invention, the forced cultivation and protection of crops of vegetables, flowers and fruit, is carried out using such components as a covering and/or for protection.
The composite material used in the building components according to the invention, while having a longer life than simple films of the same thickness, has the advantage of being opaque to infra-red radiation with a wavelength of over 8 microns. It can be used under conditions such that the reduction in light transmission in the course of time, for which corrosion is responsible, is periodically made good.
A transparent ccmposite thermoplastic material in which the lowermost film is made up of a film of thermoplastic material with great resistance (as herein defined) to aging caused by ultraviolet radiation and is covered with one, or preferably more than one, film of a thermoplastic material opaque to infrared radiation with a wavelength of over 8 microns, will retain its initial transparency while in use with - 4 the passage of time, if the top film is removed at specified intervals of time, e.g. every year. The durability of the lowermost film is also increased by the fact that the ultraviolet radiation is stopped by the other films.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a liquid compound that is opaque to infra red radiation with a wavelength of over 8 microns is incorporated between the adjacent pairs of films. Incor poration of such a compound between films not only increases the opacity of the composite material to infrared radiation with a wavelength of over 8 microns but also considerably increases initial light transmission.
The thickness of the lower film is generally from 100 to 300 microns and that of the other film or films generally from 20 to 100 microns.
The number of films depends on their thickness. It should be such that the maximum thickness of the material is 1 mm; the optimum thickness is generally from 0.25 to 0.50 mm.
Thermoplastic materials suitable for forming the lowermost film include those based on polythene, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate where the weight of vinyl acetate is from 3 to 20%,and plasticised polyvinyl chloride where the weight of plasticiser is from 5 to 40% of the weight of polyvinyl chloride, and great resistance to aging means a resistance comparable with or greater than that of those materials.
Thermoplastic materials suitable for forming the other film or films include those based on copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate where the weight of vinyl acetate is from 7 to 30%, and plasticised polyvinyl chloride where the weight of plasticiser is from to 30% of the weight of polyvinyl chloride. - 5 Films suitable for preparing the composite material may be chosen from those known for their use in making agricultural greenhouses. The polymers mentioned are used for preparing the thermoplastic materials which make up the films, and ingredients such as stabilisers and possibly lubricants normally used for preparing such films, can be added where appropriate. Thus the polymers are stabilised against ultraviolet radiation by means of known stabilisers such as benzophenone derivatives and organic complexes of nickel. In the case of plasticised polyvinyl chloride, at least one heat-stabiliser, such as a barium salt, a cadmium salt or an organic tin salt, and at least one lubricant, such as stearic acid, is used. Plasticisers that should particularly be mentioned are dioctyl phthalate, octyl adipate, octyl sebacate, tricresyl phosphate and epoxidised soya oil.
The liquid compound suitable for incorporation between the films may be any liquid that is chemically inert relative to the thermoplastic materials making up the films. A particularly preferred compound is glycerin. The compound may be coloured to filter out certain radiation with a view to modifying the photosynthesis of the crops in the greenhouses.
For the preparation of the composite material, each of the constituent films is manufactured separately, e.g. in roll form, using conventional methods such as blow extrusion. Each of the rolls is then unwound and all the films are simultaneously coldcalendered, possibly with incorporation of the liquid compound between them. The calendering pressure spreads any liguid present right across the width of the films. To facilitate removal of the top film each year, it is recommended to provide only weak adhesion between the films; liquid/solid interfacial tension is _ 48181 - 6 sufficient to give such adhesion.
In practice, materials measuring up to several metres in width are being used increasingly for making agricultural greenhouses, for economic reasons. The preferred material for use in accordance with the invention is consequently one that can be manufactured in a large width and therefore by the blow extrusion process. It follows that the polymers preferably used are those based on polyethylene.
Some examples of the invention will now be given.
Example 1 Components made with a composite material according to the invention is produced; films of the material are obtained by the blow extrusion process and vary in width from 1 to 16 metres. The lowermost film is 200 microns thick and based on polyethylene, which is stabilised against ultraviolet radiation by means of benzophenones or benzothiazoles, either alone or associated with organic complexes of nickel. The other films, four in number and 50 microns thick, are based on copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, containing 85% by weight of ethylene and 15% by weight of vinyl acetate; the copolymer is stabilised against ultraviolet radiation by the same stabilisers.
Whereas the maximum useful life of a greenhouse made with a single film 400 microns thick of the same type as the lowermost film or one of the other films in the composite material is not more than 4 or 5 years, the life of a greenhouse made from components on the building of which said composite material is used may reach 7 to 8 years.
If the top film is removed every year for 4 years, the remaining material will regain the trans48181 - 7 parency of the new material.
Example 2 The same composite material as in Example 1 is made, but a layer of glycerin is incorporated between the various films.
This composite material can be used to make a greenhouse having the same advantages as that obtained from Example 1. However, its initial transparency is better and, since it is more opaque to infra-red radiation, heat retention inside the greenhouse is also improved. This results in earlier harvesting and a higher yield.
Claims (10)
1. , in which a liquid that is opaque to infra-red radiation with a wave length of over 8 microns is incorporated between adjacent pairs of films.
2. A building component as claimed in Claim
3. A building component as claimed in Claim 20 2, in which the liquid incorporated between the films is glycerin. 4. 8181 - 9
4. A building component as claimed in Claim 2 or 3, in which the liquid is coloured.
5. A building component as claimed in any one 25 of Claims 1 to 4, in which the thickness of the lowermost film is from 100 to 300 microns and that of the other film or films from 20 to 100 microns.
6. A building component as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 5, in which the composite material is less than 1 mm thick.
7. A building component as claimed in Claim 6, in which the composite material is from 0.25 to 0.50 mm thick.
8. A building component as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 7, in which the thermoplastic material forming the lowermost film is based on polyethylene, a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate in which the weight of vinyl acetate is from 3 to 20%, or plasticised polyvinyl chloride in which the weight of plasticiser is from 5 to 40% of the weight of polyvinyl chloride.
9. A building component as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 8, in which the thermoplastic material forming the other film or films is based on a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate in which the weight is from 7 to 30%, or a plasticised polyvinyl chloride in which the weight of plasticiser is from 10 to 30% of the weight of polyvinyl chloride. 10. A building component as claimed in Claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described in Example 1 or 2. 11. An agricultural greenhouse made with building components as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 10. 12. A method of carrying out forced cultivation and protection of crops of vegetables flowers and fruit, in which building components as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 10 are used as coverings and/or for protection. 13. A method as claimed in Claim 12, in which the top film is removed at specified intervals of time.
10. - 10 14. A method as claimed in Claim 13, in which the top film is removed annually.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7804686A FR2417252A1 (en) | 1978-02-20 | 1978-02-20 | TRANSPARENT THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL GREENHOUSES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE790527L IE790527L (en) | 1979-08-20 |
| IE48181B1 true IE48181B1 (en) | 1984-10-17 |
Family
ID=9204761
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE527/79A IE48181B1 (en) | 1978-02-20 | 1979-08-08 | Component for building agricultural greenhouses comprising composite transparent thermoplastic material |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE874283A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2906306C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK70679A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2417252A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2014513B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE48181B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1115021B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU80935A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7901285A (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4320174A (en) * | 1980-09-15 | 1982-03-16 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Transparent and translucent vinyl polymeric composite |
| EP0069532A3 (en) * | 1981-07-08 | 1984-08-08 | Matthew Hiscock | A composite material |
| US4651467A (en) * | 1984-01-13 | 1987-03-24 | Alcudia, Empresa Para La Industria Quimica, S.A. | Method for protecting plants using polymeric film containing anhydrous borax |
| US4559381A (en) * | 1984-01-13 | 1985-12-17 | Alcudia, Empresa Para La Indusrria Quimica, S.A. | Polymeric covering materials for growing plants or crops |
| IL72879A (en) * | 1984-09-06 | 1988-12-30 | Ginegar Kibbutz | Plastic sheeting |
| US5022181A (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1991-06-11 | R. E. I., Inc. | Method and apparatus for use in plant growth promotion and flower development |
| ATE100665T1 (en) * | 1989-06-06 | 1994-02-15 | Eric Longstaff | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN PLANT GROWTH PROMOTION AND FLOWER DEVELOPMENT. |
| DE9314707U1 (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1994-01-13 | Wille, Rudolf, 45136 Essen | Roller blind |
| JP3444545B2 (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 2003-09-08 | 株式会社セクト化学 | Crop cultivation house |
| DE20211812U1 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2003-12-11 | Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Glasshouse |
| US7258923B2 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2007-08-21 | General Electric Company | Multilayered articles and method of manufacture thereof |
| US7399571B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2008-07-15 | General Electric Company | Multilayered articles and method of manufacture thereof |
| US8900693B2 (en) | 2005-07-13 | 2014-12-02 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Polycarbonate compositions having infrared absorbance, method of manufacture, and articles prepared therefrom |
| MX2011007983A (en) | 2009-02-12 | 2011-08-15 | Basf Se | Polymer compositions containing nanoparticulate ir absorbers. |
| RU2609801C2 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2017-02-06 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЭрТи-М" | Polymer composition for production of greenhouse covering material (versions) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3718533A (en) * | 1970-05-06 | 1973-02-27 | S Shibata | Composite sheets for agricultural use |
| GB1408088A (en) * | 1973-01-23 | 1975-10-01 | British Visqueen Ltd | Method of controlling an environment for growing plants |
-
1978
- 1978-02-20 FR FR7804686A patent/FR2417252A1/en active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-02-19 DK DK70679A patent/DK70679A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-02-19 BE BE0/193558A patent/BE874283A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-02-19 NL NL7901285A patent/NL7901285A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-02-19 DE DE2906306A patent/DE2906306C2/en not_active Expired
- 1979-02-19 LU LU80935A patent/LU80935A1/en unknown
- 1979-02-19 IT IT48045/79A patent/IT1115021B/en active
- 1979-02-19 GB GB7905832A patent/GB2014513B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-08-08 IE IE527/79A patent/IE48181B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE874283A (en) | 1979-08-20 |
| LU80935A1 (en) | 1979-10-29 |
| GB2014513B (en) | 1982-06-16 |
| DE2906306A1 (en) | 1979-08-23 |
| FR2417252B1 (en) | 1981-07-03 |
| DE2906306C2 (en) | 1981-11-19 |
| IE790527L (en) | 1979-08-20 |
| IT1115021B (en) | 1986-02-03 |
| IT7948045A0 (en) | 1979-02-19 |
| GB2014513A (en) | 1979-08-30 |
| DK70679A (en) | 1979-08-21 |
| NL7901285A (en) | 1979-08-22 |
| FR2417252A1 (en) | 1979-09-14 |
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