GB997051A - Method of forming glass fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

Starch-amine reaction products suitable for use in sizes for glass fibres are prepared by the reaction of starch with ethylene or propylene imine, isotoic or quinolinic anhydride, b -diethylamino ethyl chloride, b -methylamino-isopropyl chloride, b -dimethylaminoethyl chloride, 3-diethylamino - 1,2 - epoxy propane, 3 - dibutylamino - 1,2 - epoxy propane, 2 - bromo - 5 - diethylamino pentane hydrobromide, N-(2,3-epoxypropyl) - piperidine or N,N - (2,3 - epoxypropyl) - methyl aniline, which in the case of the free amines may be in the form of their hydrodilerides or other salts, preferably in an aqueous medium in the presence of an alkaline material, e.g. an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide or a quaternary ammonium hydroxide. The starch may be derived from corn, wheat, potato, tapioca, waxy maize, sago or rice and may be in the form of untreated starch or starch derivatives including dextrinized, hydrolysed, oxidized, esterified and etherified starches still retaining amylaceous material. The reaction product may be prepared in gelatinized or ungelatinized form, a gelatinization retarding chemical, e.g. sodium sulphate, being added to avoid gelatinization if desired. The starch-amine reaction product may be treated to convert it into the quaternary ammonium salt.ALSO:Glass fibres are formed by rapidly drawing glass filaments from a molten supply Illegible data gathering the filaments and forming them into a strand, treating them at an elevated temperature with a size comprising an aqueous dispersion containing 4-7% by weight of a starch-amine reaction product produced by the reaction of a starch with an esterification or etherification reagent which will serve to introduce an amine group into the starch, e.g. an amino alkyl acid anhydride, alkylene imine, alkyl amino epoxide or alkyl amino halide or a corresponding compound containing aryl groups in addition to the alkyl groups, and 25-70% by weight of a lubricant based upon the weight of the starch-amine reaction product, and having a viscosity of 1-20 centipoises at 20 DEG C., as they are being drawn and then winding them on a forming tube and conditioning the p strand wound on the forming tube to reduce its moisture content. The starch-amine reaction product may be prepared by the reaction of the untreated starch or dextrinized, hydrolysed, oxidized, esterified or etherified starch with ethylene or propylene imine, isatoic or quinolinic anhydride, b -diethylamino ethyl chloride, b -methylamino-isopropyl chloride, b -dimethylaminoethyl chloride, 3-diethylamino-1, 2-epoxy propane, 3-dibutylamino-1, 2-epoxy propane, 2-bromo-5-diethylamine pentane hydrobromide, N-(2, 3-epoxypropyl)-piperidine or N, N-(2, 3 epoxypropyl) methyl aniline which in the case of the free amines may be in the form of their hydrochlorides or other salts, and may subsequently be treated to result in the quarternary ammonium salt. The lubricant may be a partially hydrogenerated vegetable oil. The size may also contain a fungicide, e.g. formaldehyde, cationic or non-ionic wetting agents, glycerine, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol or a textile softener, e.g. an alkyl imidazoline, a stearic acid-chromic chloride complex or an acid solubilized fatty acid amide. The sized yarn may subsequently be bulked by means of a texturing air jet.