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GB716631A - Improvements in apparatus for carrying out exothermic reactions - Google Patents

Improvements in apparatus for carrying out exothermic reactions

Info

Publication number
GB716631A
GB716631A GB30161/51A GB3016151A GB716631A GB 716631 A GB716631 A GB 716631A GB 30161/51 A GB30161/51 A GB 30161/51A GB 3016151 A GB3016151 A GB 3016151A GB 716631 A GB716631 A GB 716631A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
air
reaction zone
cooling fluid
cylinder
cyclohexane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB30161/51A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Houilleres du Bassin du Nord et du Pas de Calais
Original Assignee
Houilleres du Bassin du Nord et du Pas de Calais
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Houilleres du Bassin du Nord et du Pas de Calais filed Critical Houilleres du Bassin du Nord et du Pas de Calais
Publication of GB716631A publication Critical patent/GB716631A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0257—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical in a cylindrical annular shaped bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00176—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles outside the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

<PICT:0716631/IV (b)/1> Formaldehyde is prepared from a mixture of methanol and air, and cyclohexane by the hydrogenation of benzene, using an apparatus comprising two cylinders 1, 4 enclosing an annular reaction zone containing catalyst, a reactant inlet 6, a series of product outlets 8, means for circulating a cooling fluid through the inner cylinder 4, and a heat-insulated cap on the cylinder 4 arranged to direct the reactants towards the reaction zone (see Group III). In the production of formaldehyde, reaction takes place at 500 DEG C. and air is used as the cooling medium. For the production of cyclohexane, only a slight excess (e.g. 10 per cent) of the theoretical proportion of hydrogen is used, and the cooling fluid is oil at 140 DEG C.ALSO:<PICT:0716631/III/1> Apparatus for carrying out exothermic reactions comprises two cylinders 1, 4 enclosing an annular reaction zone which may contain catalyst, a reactant inlet 6, a series of product outlets 8, means for circulating a cooling fluid, e.g. air or oil, through the inner cylinder 4, and a heat-insulated cap 5 on the cylinder 4 arranged to direct the reactants towards the reaction zone. In a modification (Fig. 2, not shown) a cooling jacket surrounds the outer cylinder 1 and the direction of flow of the cooling fluid through the inner cylinder is reversed; in this modification, the only disconnectable joint in the apparatus is between the cover 2 and the outer cylinder 1. Examples describe the use of the apparatus in the production of formaldehyde from a mixture of methanol vapour and air, and of cyclohexane by the hydrogenation of benzene (see Group IV (b)).
GB30161/51A 1950-12-27 1951-12-24 Improvements in apparatus for carrying out exothermic reactions Expired GB716631A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR892456X 1950-12-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB716631A true GB716631A (en) 1954-10-13

Family

ID=9389587

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB30161/51A Expired GB716631A (en) 1950-12-27 1951-12-24 Improvements in apparatus for carrying out exothermic reactions

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE892456C (en)
FR (1) FR1030160A (en)
GB (1) GB716631A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1043310B (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-11-13 Habil Guenter Spengler Dr Ing Process for the continuous production of nitrous acid esters of aliphatic alcohols
DE1060383B (en) * 1956-03-08 1959-07-02 Basf Ag Process for the hydrogenation of benzene
DE1156775B (en) * 1961-10-04 1963-11-07 Knapsack Ag Process for the continuous production of esters of nitrous acid
DE102014102235B4 (en) * 2014-02-21 2019-12-12 Hydrogenious Technologies Gmbh hydrogenation reactor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE892456C (en) 1953-10-08
FR1030160A (en) 1953-06-10

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