GB452661A - Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of products from paraffin wax - Google Patents

Abstract

Unsaturated compounds obtained by the action of alcoholic alkalies on chlorinated paraffin wax are separated by subjecting them to distillation in very high vacuum, for example, 10<-2> p to 10<-4> mm. of mercury, in apparatus having condensing and evaporating surfaces which are substantially co-extensive and separated by a distance of not more than a few inches. The reaction with alkali, which is usually in excess, is effected at elevated temperature and pressure. After washing and drying, the product is subjected to the distillation, essentially unsaturated hydrocarbons being obtained. Unsaturated chlor derivatives are obtained if a deficiency of alkali is used. The paraffin wax used may be crude or partially or completely refined and is chlorinated in any known manner. The unsaturated compounds may be used as components of lubricating oils, or oxidized to alcohols, suitable for making polishes and the like, for example, by blowing air through them at 150--200 DEG C. for 30 hours. According to examples: (1) chlorinated paraffin wax containing 41,2 per cent chlorine is heated under pressure at 140 DEG C. for 18 hours with methyl alcohol and KOH. After washing and drying, the product is subjected to short path distillation at 10<-4> mm. Two fractions are collected at 100--120 DEG and 120--160 DEG C. These are pale yellow oils containing 2,7 and 3,6 per cent chlorine, the molecular weight and number of carbon atoms being 345 and 26, and 385 and 29 respectively; (2) a chlorinated paraffin wax of 20 per cent chlorine content is autoclaved at 180 DEG C. with alcoholic KOH and treated as in (1). At 120--130 DEG C. a pale yellow liquid containing 2,8 per cent chlorine, molecular weight 330, with two double bonds per molecule, distils. The viscous residue contains 5,7 per cent chlorine and has a molecular weight of 510; (3) the product from the reaction of chlorinated ceresin wax (27 per cent chlorine) and alcoholic KOH gives at 10<-4> mm. and 120--140 DEG C. a liquid containing 8 per cent chlorine, molecular weight 352, and a black nearly solid residue, 7,7 per cent chlorine, molecular weight 2000. Specifications 303,078, [Class 32], and 452,662 are referred to.ALSO:Unsaturated compounds obtained by the action of alcoholic alkalies on chlorinated paraffin wax are separated by subjecting them to distillation in very high vacuum, for example 10<-2> to 10<-4> mm. of mercury, in apparatus having condensing and evaporating surfaces which are substantially co-extensive and separated by a distance of not more than a few inches. The reaction with alkali, which is usually in excess, is effected at elevated temperature and pressure. After washing and drying, the product is subjected to the distillation, essentially unsaturated hydrocarbons being obtained. Unsaturated chlor derivatives are obtained if a deficiency of alkali is used. The paraffin wax used may be crude or partially or completely refined and is chlorinated in any known manner. The unsaturated compounds may be used as components of lubricating oils, or oxidized to alcohols, suitable for making polishes and the like, for example by blowing air through them at 150--200 DEG C. for 30 hours. According to examples: (1) chlorinated paraffin wax containing 41,2 per cent chlorine is heated under pressure at 140 DEG C. for 18 hours with methyl alcohol and KOH. After washing and drying, the product is subjected to short path distillation at 10<-4> mm. Two fractions are collected at 100--120 DEG and 120--160 DEG C. These are pale yellow oils containing 2,7 and 3,6 per cent chlorine, the molecular weight and number of carbon atoms being 345 and 26, and 385 and 29 respectively; (2) a chlorinated paraffin wax of 20 per cent chlorine content is autoclaved at 180 DEG C. with alcoholic KOH and treated as in (1). At 120--130 DEG C. a pale yellow liquid containing 2,8 per cent chlorine, molecular weight 330, with two double bonds per molecule, distils. The viscous residue contains 5,7 per cent chlorine and has a molecular weight of 510; (3) the product from the reaction of chlorinated ceresin wax (27 per cent chlorine) and alcoholic KOH gives at 10<-4> mm. and 120--140 DEG C. a liquid containing 8 per cent chlorine, molecular weight 352, and a black nearly solid residue, 7,7 per cent chlorine, molecular weight 2000. Specifications 303,078, [Class 32], and 452,662 are referred to.