GB2246393A - A window restricting device - Google Patents
A window restricting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2246393A GB2246393A GB9025648A GB9025648A GB2246393A GB 2246393 A GB2246393 A GB 2246393A GB 9025648 A GB9025648 A GB 9025648A GB 9025648 A GB9025648 A GB 9025648A GB 2246393 A GB2246393 A GB 2246393A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- locking means
- channel
- window
- body portion
- locking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
- E05D15/40—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in vertical planes
- E05D15/44—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in vertical planes with pivoted arms and vertically-sliding guides
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
- E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
- E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
- E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
- E05C17/24—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod pivoted at one end, and with the other end running along a guide member
- E05C17/28—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod pivoted at one end, and with the other end running along a guide member with braking, clamping or securing means at the connection to the guide member
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
- E05D11/10—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts
- E05D11/1007—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts with positive locking
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/148—Windows
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
Abstract
A window restricting device slidably received in a channel 17 of a hinge/stay system comprises a body portion 7 and means 5, 13 for releasably locking the body portion in a desired position in the channel 17. The device enables the opening of a window to be restricted, but on release of the device the window can be opened fully to facilitate cleaning and access therethrough. The device may be attached by a spacer to a slider of a stay-hinge linkage. The locking means suitably comprises a pivotable member 5 with a pin 13 for entering a hole 15 in the channel. The member 5 may be spring-biassed to its locking position. Detent means 23, 25 serve to define both positions of the member 5. <IMAGE>
Description
A WINDOW RESTRICTING DEVICE
This invention relates to a window restricting device, and in particular to a device for limiting the opening of a window hinge.
Window hinge systems having a number of sliding struts are known which enable a window to be opened very widely.
Such opening of the window facilitates cleaning and access therethrough in the case of a fire. However, during normal use of the window, it is safer to have the opening of the window limited to a lesser extent. This is particularly important in places, such as schools, where young children may have access to the window.
In the light of the foregoing, it would be most useful to be able to restrict the opening of a window, such as by restricting the opening of the window hinge, during normal use, but to allow full opening of the window in occasional and extreme circumstances. The present invention aims to satisfy this requirement.
According to the present invention there is provided a window restricting device adapted to be received in a channel, comprising a body portion for blocking the channel and means for releasably locking the body portion in a desired position in the channel, wherein when the locking means is released the restricting device is free to slide along the channel.
Preferably the locking means includes a stud which, in use, engages a hole in the channel. Alternatively, the stud may be replaced by a series of teeth which engage corresponding teeth in the channel. Other possibilities for releasably holding the restricting device in a particular position in the channel can of course be envisaged.
Preferably the locking means pivots between its locking position and its release position. This pivoting may occur about a pair of side studs which engage recesses in the body portion. The side studs could, alternatively, extend from the body portion and engage recesses in the locking means itself.
The locking means may include a tapered end region which facilitates pivoting of the locking means. Further, the locking means may pivot about an edge defined by the meeting of the tapered end region with the remainder of the locking means.
In one preferred embodiment, biasing means is provided to urge the locking means into either its locking position or its release position. The biasing means preferably includes a tongue which interacts with the body portion in a resilient manner when the position of the locking means is changed. Hence, when using such an embodiment, a force must be applied to the locking means to urge the tongue from one position to the other.
In an alternative embodiment, the locking means may be biased solely towards its locking position. This biasing may be provided by a spring, such as a leaf spring, beneath the tapered region which urges the locking means to pivot.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the body portion is a frame member and the locking means is accommodated therewith in.
Preferably the body portion or the locking means or both are made substantially from plastics material. However, one or other of the parts of the restricting device could be made of metal.
One application of a restricting device according to the present invention is in a window hinge system which includes struts having nubs (such as mushroom pins) which slide in a channel. In such a system, the struts would be prevented from moving further than desired by virtue of the restricting device being locked in a particular position.
When the window is to be opened more fully, however, the restricting device would be released and allowed to slide along the channel as the struts move. In such a system, more than one position at which the restricting device can be locked may be provided, simply by adding holes (or other suitable catch means) at different positions along the channel.
Rather than being free to slide alone along the channel when released, the restricting device may be attached, via a spacer, to a sliding part of the window hinge system such that, as the window is closed from its unrestricted open position, the restricting device is pulled towards an active position in the channel. Then, as the restricting device reaches its active position in the channel, the locking means preferably automatically engages the channel to retain the restricting device in position.
A specific embodiment of the present invention is now described; by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a plan view of a window restricting device according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side elevation of the device shown in Figure 1 in its locking position;
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional side elevation of the device of Figures 1 and 2 in its release position; and
Figure 4 is a view of a portion of a window hinge system showing the position at which a restricting device according to the present invention is included.
With reference to the drawings, a window restricting device 1 comprises a frame member 3 and a locking means 5.
The frame member 3 is made of plastics material and includes an enlarged portion 7 against which a mushroom pin or a mounting block of a sliding strut may abut.
The locking means includes a pair of side studs 9 which engage recesses 11 in the body portion 3. The recesses 11 are open at one side to enable the side studs 9 to enter the recesses 11 during installation of the restricting device.
The locking means 5, which is longitudinal in configuration, is able to pivot about the side studs 9, such that a locking stud 13 mounted at one end of the locking means 5 may engage or release from a hole 15 in a channel 17 of a window hinge system 19 or the like. The other end of the locking means 5, on the other side of the axis of the side studs 9, is tapered to facilitate pivoting of the locking means 5 within the channel 17.
At the end of the tapered section 21 of the locking means 5 is a tongue 23 which interacts with the frame member 3 during use. In this regard, a force must be applied to the locking means 5, whenever the locking stud 13 is inserted into or removed from the hole 15, so that the tongue 23 may pass over a protruding portion 25 of the frame member 3. The tongue 23 only passes over the protruding portion 25 due to the resilience of one or other or both of these integers. This arrangement, however, ensures that the locking means 5 is biased into either its locking configuration (c.f. Figure 2) or its release configuration (c.f. Figure 3).
In practice, the restricting device is entered into a channel of a window hinge system during construction of the system. Then, during use, if the locking means 3 is biased into its locking position, so that the locking stud 13 engages a hole in the channel 17, the struts of the window system are prevented from moving further than a predetermined amount. Hence, the window cannot open more than a certain distance. If, however, the window must be opened fully, either for cleaning purposes or to provide a fire escape or for some other reason, the tapered end 21 of the locking means 5 can be depressed so that the locking stud 13 disengages from the hole 15 in the channel 17; the complete restricting device 1 is then free to move along the channel. This freedom enables the struts of the window system to move also, thus allowing the window to open fully.
To replace the restricting device in its active position, the locking means 5 needs only to be pivoted about the side studs 9 so that the locking stud 13 re-engages the hole 15 in the channel 17. In this regard, if more than one hole 15 is provided in the channel, the degree to which the window is allowed to be opened can be varied depending on the circumstances.
In a more user friendly embodiment of the present invention, not shown in the drawings, the restricting device 1 is attached via a spacer to a mounting block 27 (c.f.
figure 4). Thus, when the window is to be closed from an unrestricted wide-open position, the restricting device is pulled towards the hole in the channel 17 by means of the spacer. A spring, such as a leaf spring under the tapered end 21 of the locking means 5, biases the locking stud 13 towards its active position, such that as the restricting device reaches its operative position, the stud 13 automatically engages the hole in the channel 17. The restricting device is then held in position. The hole in the channel 17 is elongated, thus enabling the mounting block 27 to travel the short distance required to close the hinge fully, without the stud 13 having to disengage from the hole. A degree of "free-play" is also provided between the restricting device and the spacer, so that the stud 13 can be disengaged from the hole and held disengaged whilst a second restricting device, associated with a second hinge mechanism on the opposite side of the window, is released from its respective hole. Such an arrangement facilitates use of the restricting devices.
It will of course be understood that the present invention has been described above purely by way of example, and that modifications in detail can be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. A window restricting device adapted to be received in a channel, comprising a body portion for blocking the channel and means for releasably locking the body portion in a desired position in the channel, wherein when the locking means is released the restricting device is free to slide along the channel.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the locking means includes a stud which, in use, engages a hole in the channel.
3. A device as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the locking means pivots between its locking position and its release position.
4. A device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the locking means includes a pair of side studs, which engage recesses in the body portion, to facilitate pivoting of the locking means.
5. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the locking means includes a tapered end region which facilitates pivoting of the locking means.
6. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein biasing means is provided to urge the locking means into its locking position.
7. A device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the biasing means includes a tongue which interacts with the body portion in a resilient manner.
8. A device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the biasing means comprises a spring acting on an end region of the locking means.
9. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion is a frame member and the locking means is accommodated therewithin.
10. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion is attached to a spacer which, in use, is attached to a sliding part of a window hinge mechanism.
11. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion is made substantially from plastics material.
12. A device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the locking means is made of metal.
13. A window restricting device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
14. A window hinge mechanism including a window restricting device as claimed in any preceding claim.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909016524A GB9016524D0 (en) | 1990-07-27 | 1990-07-27 | A window restricting device |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9025648D0 GB9025648D0 (en) | 1991-01-09 |
| GB2246393A true GB2246393A (en) | 1992-01-29 |
| GB2246393B GB2246393B (en) | 1994-06-08 |
Family
ID=10679763
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909016524A Pending GB9016524D0 (en) | 1990-07-27 | 1990-07-27 | A window restricting device |
| GB9025648A Expired - Fee Related GB2246393B (en) | 1990-07-27 | 1990-11-26 | A window restricting device |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909016524A Pending GB9016524D0 (en) | 1990-07-27 | 1990-07-27 | A window restricting device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB9016524D0 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK55695A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG28344G (en) |
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2261913A (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1993-06-02 | Securistyle Ltd | A hinge |
| GB2243403B (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1994-05-11 | Nico Mfg | Stay |
| WO1994013914A1 (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-06-23 | Euromond Limited | Stays |
| GB2274676A (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1994-08-03 | Chelox Limited | Lockable window hinge |
| GB2249343B (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1994-08-24 | Euromond Ltd | Stays |
| GB2295645A (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1996-06-05 | Euromond Ltd | Stay |
| GB2306564A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-07 | Euromond Ltd | Stay with Releasable Catch |
| GB2307944A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1997-06-11 | Cotswold Architect Prod | An opening restricting device for a window |
| GB2309484A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1997-07-30 | Euromond Ltd | Door or window stay |
| GB2311324A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1997-09-24 | Interlock Ind Ltd | Releasably lockable window stay |
| GB2319559A (en) * | 1996-11-20 | 1998-05-27 | Trojan Hardware & Designs Ltd | Sliding catch. |
| GB2333122A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 1999-07-14 | Dgs Hardware Ltd | Window stay with latch for selective locking |
| WO2001094730A1 (en) * | 2000-06-05 | 2001-12-13 | Giovanni Maria Laporta | Friction hinge & window fitting |
| EP1462596A2 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-09-29 | Wilh. Schlechtendahl & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG | Indexing means for a sliding piece movable in a guide |
| WO2007000570A2 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-04 | Securistyle Ltd | Sash hinge |
| EP2085552A1 (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-05 | J. Banks & Co. Ltd. | Three-bar hinge incorporating a window estrictor |
| EP2835482A1 (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-11 | Caldwell Manufacturing Company North America, LLC | Multi-bar linkage hinge assembly with limit stop |
| WO2018236222A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | Spilka International As | Link arm hinge for outward-opening window |
| EP4033058A1 (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-27 | Aug. Winkhaus GmbH & Co. KG | Fitting for limiting an opening width of a sash of a window which pivots against a frame |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2015201588C1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2021-11-11 | Assa Abloy New Zealand Limited | Window stays |
| NO341554B1 (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-12-04 | Spilka Int As | Articulated bracket for outward-facing window, where the bracket comprises a profiled slider fixed to a window frame. |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB718872A (en) * | 1952-01-21 | 1954-11-24 | Ams Corp | Improvement in pivoted double hung window |
| GB922087A (en) * | 1959-01-12 | 1963-03-27 | A V R Achat Ventes Representat | Adjustable locking device for hinged panels |
| GB2083131A (en) * | 1980-09-05 | 1982-03-17 | Securistyle Ltd | Improvements in friction supporting stays for windows |
| US4364201A (en) * | 1980-09-15 | 1982-12-21 | A. W. Anderberg Manufacturing Co. | Full-opening window linkage assembly |
| GB2145151A (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1985-03-20 | Hardware & Systems Patents Ltd | Window stay |
| GB2149450A (en) * | 1983-11-10 | 1985-06-12 | Bezault Sa | Open/Closing attachment for a frame and cooperating window door or panel which is openable and closable |
| GB2190702A (en) * | 1986-05-21 | 1987-11-25 | Hardware & Systems Patents Ltd | Stay |
-
1990
- 1990-07-27 GB GB909016524A patent/GB9016524D0/en active Pending
- 1990-11-26 GB GB9025648A patent/GB2246393B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-26 SG SG1995904082A patent/SG28344G/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-04-11 HK HK55695A patent/HK55695A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB718872A (en) * | 1952-01-21 | 1954-11-24 | Ams Corp | Improvement in pivoted double hung window |
| GB922087A (en) * | 1959-01-12 | 1963-03-27 | A V R Achat Ventes Representat | Adjustable locking device for hinged panels |
| GB2083131A (en) * | 1980-09-05 | 1982-03-17 | Securistyle Ltd | Improvements in friction supporting stays for windows |
| US4364201A (en) * | 1980-09-15 | 1982-12-21 | A. W. Anderberg Manufacturing Co. | Full-opening window linkage assembly |
| GB2145151A (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1985-03-20 | Hardware & Systems Patents Ltd | Window stay |
| GB2149450A (en) * | 1983-11-10 | 1985-06-12 | Bezault Sa | Open/Closing attachment for a frame and cooperating window door or panel which is openable and closable |
| GB2190702A (en) * | 1986-05-21 | 1987-11-25 | Hardware & Systems Patents Ltd | Stay |
Cited By (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2243403B (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1994-05-11 | Nico Mfg | Stay |
| GB2249343B (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1994-08-24 | Euromond Ltd | Stays |
| GB2261913A (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1993-06-02 | Securistyle Ltd | A hinge |
| GB2274676A (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1994-08-03 | Chelox Limited | Lockable window hinge |
| WO1994013914A1 (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-06-23 | Euromond Limited | Stays |
| GB2295645A (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1996-06-05 | Euromond Ltd | Stay |
| GB2295645B (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1998-04-22 | Euromond Ltd | Stays |
| GB2306564B (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1999-08-18 | Euromond Ltd | Stays |
| GB2306564A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-07 | Euromond Ltd | Stay with Releasable Catch |
| GB2334548B (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 2000-05-03 | Euromond Ltd | Stays |
| GB2334548A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1999-08-25 | Euromond Ltd | Stay with releasable catch |
| GB2307944A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1997-06-11 | Cotswold Architect Prod | An opening restricting device for a window |
| GB2309484A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1997-07-30 | Euromond Ltd | Door or window stay |
| GB2311324A (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1997-09-24 | Interlock Ind Ltd | Releasably lockable window stay |
| GB2311324B (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 1999-10-06 | Interlock Ind Ltd | Improvements in window stays |
| GB2319559A (en) * | 1996-11-20 | 1998-05-27 | Trojan Hardware & Designs Ltd | Sliding catch. |
| GB2319559B (en) * | 1996-11-20 | 2000-06-21 | Trojan Hardware & Designs Ltd | Sliding catch |
| GB2333122A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 1999-07-14 | Dgs Hardware Ltd | Window stay with latch for selective locking |
| GB2333122B (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2002-06-26 | Dgs Hardware Ltd | Improvements in or relating to window supports |
| WO2001094730A1 (en) * | 2000-06-05 | 2001-12-13 | Giovanni Maria Laporta | Friction hinge & window fitting |
| EP1462596A2 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-09-29 | Wilh. Schlechtendahl & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG | Indexing means for a sliding piece movable in a guide |
| EP1462596A3 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2005-10-12 | Wilh. Schlechtendahl & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG | Indexing means for a sliding piece movable in a guide |
| WO2007000570A2 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-01-04 | Securistyle Ltd | Sash hinge |
| WO2007000570A3 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2008-01-24 | Securistyle Ltd | Sash hinge |
| EP2085552A1 (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-05 | J. Banks & Co. Ltd. | Three-bar hinge incorporating a window estrictor |
| EP2835482A1 (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-11 | Caldwell Manufacturing Company North America, LLC | Multi-bar linkage hinge assembly with limit stop |
| US9303438B2 (en) | 2013-08-09 | 2016-04-05 | Caldwell Manufacturing Company North America, LLC | Multi-bar linkage hinge assembly with limit stop |
| WO2018236222A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | Spilka International As | Link arm hinge for outward-opening window |
| EP4033058A1 (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-27 | Aug. Winkhaus GmbH & Co. KG | Fitting for limiting an opening width of a sash of a window which pivots against a frame |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9016524D0 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
| GB9025648D0 (en) | 1991-01-09 |
| HK55695A (en) | 1995-04-21 |
| GB2246393B (en) | 1994-06-08 |
| SG28344G (en) | 1995-09-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20011126 |