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GB2130118A - Particle separator - Google Patents

Particle separator Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2130118A
GB2130118A GB08328557A GB8328557A GB2130118A GB 2130118 A GB2130118 A GB 2130118A GB 08328557 A GB08328557 A GB 08328557A GB 8328557 A GB8328557 A GB 8328557A GB 2130118 A GB2130118 A GB 2130118A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
gas
orificies
separation chamber
flow direction
flue gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08328557A
Other versions
GB8328557D0 (en
GB2130118B (en
Inventor
Folke Engstrom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ahlstrom Corp
Original Assignee
Ahlstrom Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ahlstrom Corp filed Critical Ahlstrom Corp
Publication of GB8328557D0 publication Critical patent/GB8328557D0/en
Publication of GB2130118A publication Critical patent/GB2130118A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2130118B publication Critical patent/GB2130118B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for separating solid particles from flue gases (e.g. from a fluidised bed reactor (1), comprises a separation chamber (3) provided with a wall (4) in which there is a plurality of orifices (8) located a distance apart from each other in the flow direction of the gas, through which orifice gas is removed in a direction substantially deviating from the main flow direction of the gas. Preferably the wall (4) is straight in the main flow direction and is cooled. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Apparatus for removing solid components from flue gases The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing solid components from flue gases, which is particularly suitable for the treatment of flue gases from a fluidized bed reactor in which the solid particles separated from the flue gases are recirculated into the fluidized bed reactor.
In fluidized bed reactors of this kind the separation of solids has earlier been performed in cyclone separators. The disadvantage of a cyclone separator is the fact that it requires a lot of space.
Its bulk is also big and therefore its thermal capacity is high, wherefore the running down and up of the reactor is time-consuming. The form of the cyclone separator causes thermal stresses which are difficult to control. Aiso the wearing of the apparatus causes problems.
U.S. Patent 4,253,425 discloses a fluidized bed reactor in which the flue gases are caused to flow through a channel provided with baffles changing the flow direction, whereby solid particles are separated when the flue gases impinge against the baffles and the solids fall down into the lower part of the reactor, from where they are returned to the reactor. The suggested apparatus does not, however, provide efficient removal of solids from gases.
The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus having a simple structure for efficient separation of solids from the gas flow.
It is another object of the invention to provide an apparatus by means of which heat can be recovered from a hot gas flow.
An apparatus according to the invention is primarily characterized in that the separation chamber comprises a wall provided with a plurality of orifices disposed a distance apart from each other in the flow direction of the gas, through which orificies gas is removed in a direction substantially deviating from the main flow direction of the gas.
The invention will be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluidized bed reactor provided with a separator according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a section as on the line A-A of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged views of point B in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of point C in Fig. 2; Fig. 5 shows the point illustrated in Fig. 3 seen in the direction of arrow D; and Fig. 6 shows an alternative embodiment corresponding to Fig. 3.
Flue gases discharged from a fluidized bed reactor 1 illustrated in Fig. 1 are conveyed through an inlet opening 2 to a separation chamber 3. One wall 4 of the separation chamber is formed, as is shown in Figs. 2 to 5, by a plurality of parallel vertical tubes 5 and plates 6 connecting adjacent tubes. The tubes are connected to the water/steam system of the reactor in a manner known per se, and they act as heat transfer surfaces through which the flue gases transfer heat to a medium flowing in the tubes. Several rows 71 72, 7n of orifices 8 are disposed a distance apart from each other in the flow direction in the plates. In the lower portion of the separation chamber there is a discharge opening 9 for solid particles.The opposite wall 10 of the separation chamber is disposed obliquely with regard to the wall 8 so that the diameter of the separation chamber decreases towards the discharge opening 9. The discharge opening 9 is by means of a tube 11 connected to the bottom portion of the fluidized bed reactor. Guide blades 13 which are directed obliquely upwards are disposed in connection with the front edges 12 of the orificies 8 on the outlet side of the orificies.
The outlet orificies lead to an outlet channel 14.
The flue gases from a fluidized bed reactor which contain solid particles flow downwards in the separation chamber along wall 3 towards the discharge opening 9 for solid material. Gas is discharged from the orificies 8. The discharged gas flows under guidance of the guide blades 1 3 obliquely upwards to the outlet channel 14 in which the gas flows upward. Due to the sudden change in the direction of the gas, the solid particles which continue their movement forward in the main flow direction, are separated. In order to obtain efficient separation, a high velocity has to be maintained in the separation chamber.
Therefore the separation chamber is formed so that it narrows down towards the outlet openings 9 for the separated solid particles. The separated solids are returned to the lower part of the reactor through the tube 1 After the outlet channelthe gases are cooled in a manner known per se and the solids remaining in the gases after the primary separation performed in the separation chamber are removed.
Fig. 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment, wherein tube-like guide means 1 5 directed obliquely upwards are disposed in connection with the orificies 8 in the plates 6 on the outlet side of the orificies.
A separator according to the invention may perhaps not be as efficient as a cyclone separator, but this is just an advantage, as eventual heat surfaces in the gas flow after the separator are kept cleaner due to the sweeping effect of the solid particles.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown, but it can be modified within the scope of the claims. Thus the separation chamber may have several walls through which gas is removed to several outlet channels. Guide means changing the flow direction of the gases may be disposed also on the incoming side of the gas discharge orificies.
1. An apparatus for separating solid particles from a gas flow, comprising a separation chamber provided with outlet openings, characterized in that the separation chamber is provided with a
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (9)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Apparatus for removing solid components from flue gases The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing solid components from flue gases, which is particularly suitable for the treatment of flue gases from a fluidized bed reactor in which the solid particles separated from the flue gases are recirculated into the fluidized bed reactor. In fluidized bed reactors of this kind the separation of solids has earlier been performed in cyclone separators. The disadvantage of a cyclone separator is the fact that it requires a lot of space. Its bulk is also big and therefore its thermal capacity is high, wherefore the running down and up of the reactor is time-consuming. The form of the cyclone separator causes thermal stresses which are difficult to control. Aiso the wearing of the apparatus causes problems. U.S. Patent 4,253,425 discloses a fluidized bed reactor in which the flue gases are caused to flow through a channel provided with baffles changing the flow direction, whereby solid particles are separated when the flue gases impinge against the baffles and the solids fall down into the lower part of the reactor, from where they are returned to the reactor. The suggested apparatus does not, however, provide efficient removal of solids from gases. The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus having a simple structure for efficient separation of solids from the gas flow. It is another object of the invention to provide an apparatus by means of which heat can be recovered from a hot gas flow. An apparatus according to the invention is primarily characterized in that the separation chamber comprises a wall provided with a plurality of orifices disposed a distance apart from each other in the flow direction of the gas, through which orificies gas is removed in a direction substantially deviating from the main flow direction of the gas. The invention will be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluidized bed reactor provided with a separator according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a section as on the line A-A of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged views of point B in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of point C in Fig. 2; Fig. 5 shows the point illustrated in Fig. 3 seen in the direction of arrow D; and Fig. 6 shows an alternative embodiment corresponding to Fig. 3. Flue gases discharged from a fluidized bed reactor 1 illustrated in Fig. 1 are conveyed through an inlet opening 2 to a separation chamber 3. One wall 4 of the separation chamber is formed, as is shown in Figs. 2 to 5, by a plurality of parallel vertical tubes 5 and plates 6 connecting adjacent tubes. The tubes are connected to the water/steam system of the reactor in a manner known per se, and they act as heat transfer surfaces through which the flue gases transfer heat to a medium flowing in the tubes. Several rows 71 72, 7n of orifices 8 are disposed a distance apart from each other in the flow direction in the plates. In the lower portion of the separation chamber there is a discharge opening 9 for solid particles.The opposite wall 10 of the separation chamber is disposed obliquely with regard to the wall 8 so that the diameter of the separation chamber decreases towards the discharge opening 9. The discharge opening 9 is by means of a tube 11 connected to the bottom portion of the fluidized bed reactor. Guide blades 13 which are directed obliquely upwards are disposed in connection with the front edges 12 of the orificies 8 on the outlet side of the orificies. The outlet orificies lead to an outlet channel 14. The flue gases from a fluidized bed reactor which contain solid particles flow downwards in the separation chamber along wall 3 towards the discharge opening 9 for solid material. Gas is discharged from the orificies 8. The discharged gas flows under guidance of the guide blades 1 3 obliquely upwards to the outlet channel 14 in which the gas flows upward. Due to the sudden change in the direction of the gas, the solid particles which continue their movement forward in the main flow direction, are separated. In order to obtain efficient separation, a high velocity has to be maintained in the separation chamber. Therefore the separation chamber is formed so that it narrows down towards the outlet openings 9 for the separated solid particles. The separated solids are returned to the lower part of the reactor through the tube 1 After the outlet channelthe gases are cooled in a manner known per se and the solids remaining in the gases after the primary separation performed in the separation chamber are removed. Fig. 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment, wherein tube-like guide means 1 5 directed obliquely upwards are disposed in connection with the orificies 8 in the plates 6 on the outlet side of the orificies. A separator according to the invention may perhaps not be as efficient as a cyclone separator, but this is just an advantage, as eventual heat surfaces in the gas flow after the separator are kept cleaner due to the sweeping effect of the solid particles. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown, but it can be modified within the scope of the claims. Thus the separation chamber may have several walls through which gas is removed to several outlet channels. Guide means changing the flow direction of the gases may be disposed also on the incoming side of the gas discharge orificies. CLAIMS
1. An apparatus for separating solid particles from a gas flow, comprising a separation chamber provided with outlet openings, characterized in that the separation chamber is provided with a wall having a plurality of orificies disposed a distance apart from each other in the flow direction of the gas, through which orificies gas is removed in a direction deviating substantially from the main flow direction of the gas.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall is straight in the flow direction.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that guide means are provided in connection with the gas discharge orificies.
4. An apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide means are disposed on the outlet side of the gas discharge orificies.
5. An apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that guide blades are disposed in connection with the front edge of the gas discharge orificies.
6. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the gas discharge orificies are disposed in plates connecting adjacent cooling tubes.
7. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the separation chamber narrows down towards the outlet for separated solid particles.
8. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the gas discharge orificies lead to channel in which the flow direction of the gas is opposite to that of the gas flowing in the separation chamber.
9. An apparatus for removing solid components from flue gases constructed and arranged to operate substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
GB08328557A 1982-11-15 1983-10-26 Particle separator Expired GB2130118B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI823908A FI66297C (en) 1982-11-15 1982-11-15 ANORDINATION FOR AVAILABLE FASHION COMPONENTS FOR ROVERGASER

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8328557D0 GB8328557D0 (en) 1983-11-30
GB2130118A true GB2130118A (en) 1984-05-31
GB2130118B GB2130118B (en) 1986-09-17

Family

ID=8516301

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08328557A Expired GB2130118B (en) 1982-11-15 1983-10-26 Particle separator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
AT (1) AT385208B (en)
CA (1) CA1249973A (en)
DE (1) DE3339317A1 (en)
FI (1) FI66297C (en)
GB (1) GB2130118B (en)
SE (1) SE459232C (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2178674A (en) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-18 Foster Wheeler Energy Corp A method of operating a fluidized bed reactor
US4932363A (en) * 1986-05-19 1990-06-12 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Fluidized bed reactor
WO1994027716A1 (en) * 1993-06-01 1994-12-08 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Circulating fluidized bed reactor and method of treating gas flows in the circulating fluidized bed reactor
WO2001006178A1 (en) * 1999-07-15 2001-01-25 Tps Termiska Processer Ab Particle separator
FR2880102A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-06-30 Thel Etb Sarl Fluidized bed biomass combustion device for burning slurry, has pneumatic projector re-injecting non burned combustible parts and solids received from one branch of inverse U shaped combustion chamber into another branch
FR2896709A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-03 Alstom Technology Ltd Metal oxide particles and carbonated residues separator for carbonated residue combustion installation, has vertical deflector constituting two compartments, in which one of compartments comprises lateral deflector deviating path
US20120240870A1 (en) * 2010-12-05 2012-09-27 Sen Wang Circulating fluidized bed boiler with gas-solid separator

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3922765A1 (en) * 1989-07-11 1991-01-17 Babcock Werke Ag BURNING, ESPECIALLY FLUIDIZED BURNING
DE102015122230A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Graf Enviropro Gmbh Method for exhaust gas purification by means of a fluidized bed flow reactor
DE102016124706A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Graf Enviropro Gmbh Fluidized bed flow reactor

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB764871A (en) * 1954-08-30 1957-01-02 Walter Kittel Improvements in or relating to apparatus for separating liquid or solid particles form gas
GB1075432A (en) * 1965-03-12 1967-07-12 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Method and apparatus for treating fluent solid materials with fluidising gases
GB1416053A (en) * 1972-09-06 1975-12-03 Belgonucleaire Sa Purification of combustion gases of an incinerator furnace
GB1540758A (en) * 1976-03-26 1979-02-14 Coal Ind Fluidised bed apparatus
GB2077616A (en) * 1980-06-10 1981-12-23 Parkinson Cowan Appliances Ltd Fluidised bed boiler
GB2088238A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-06-09 Northern Eng Ind Fluidised-bed combustion apparatus
GB2088237A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-06-09 Northern Eng Ind Fluidised bed combustion apparatus

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US2182862A (en) * 1934-04-10 1939-12-12 Thomas B Allardice Separating method and apparatus
US2358508A (en) * 1942-12-26 1944-09-19 John Phillips Badenhausen Separator
DE910614C (en) * 1946-02-22 1954-05-03 Erik Torvald Linderoth Method and device for separating solid particles from a gaseous medium
DE838676C (en) * 1949-06-21 1952-05-12 Waagner Biro Ag Filter system for gases
AT167839B (en) * 1949-06-21 1951-03-10 Waagner Biro Ag Filter system for gases
GB926358A (en) * 1960-07-18 1963-05-15 Howden James & Co Ltd Dust separators
US3378994A (en) * 1966-06-03 1968-04-23 Farr Co Air filter assembly
US3815336A (en) * 1971-08-17 1974-06-11 H Rigo Gaseous flow separator and heat exchanger
DE2539546C3 (en) * 1975-09-05 1985-10-24 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for incinerating carbonaceous materials
US4253425A (en) * 1979-01-31 1981-03-03 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Internal dust recirculation system for a fluidized bed heat exchanger
DD145602A1 (en) * 1979-08-24 1980-12-24 Alois Hahn DEVICE FOR EQUIVALENT GAS DISTRIBUTION AND PRE-DECIDING OF SOLID PARTICLES

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB764871A (en) * 1954-08-30 1957-01-02 Walter Kittel Improvements in or relating to apparatus for separating liquid or solid particles form gas
GB1075432A (en) * 1965-03-12 1967-07-12 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Method and apparatus for treating fluent solid materials with fluidising gases
GB1416053A (en) * 1972-09-06 1975-12-03 Belgonucleaire Sa Purification of combustion gases of an incinerator furnace
GB1540758A (en) * 1976-03-26 1979-02-14 Coal Ind Fluidised bed apparatus
GB2077616A (en) * 1980-06-10 1981-12-23 Parkinson Cowan Appliances Ltd Fluidised bed boiler
GB2088238A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-06-09 Northern Eng Ind Fluidised-bed combustion apparatus
GB2088237A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-06-09 Northern Eng Ind Fluidised bed combustion apparatus

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2178674A (en) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-18 Foster Wheeler Energy Corp A method of operating a fluidized bed reactor
GB2178674B (en) * 1985-08-07 1989-08-23 Foster Wheeler Energy Corp A method of operating a fluidized bed reactor
US4932363A (en) * 1986-05-19 1990-06-12 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Fluidized bed reactor
WO1994027716A1 (en) * 1993-06-01 1994-12-08 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Circulating fluidized bed reactor and method of treating gas flows in the circulating fluidized bed reactor
WO2001006178A1 (en) * 1999-07-15 2001-01-25 Tps Termiska Processer Ab Particle separator
US6743280B1 (en) 1999-07-15 2004-06-01 Tps Termiska Processer Ab Method and apparatus for particle separation including mechanical separation of particles
FR2880102A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-06-30 Thel Etb Sarl Fluidized bed biomass combustion device for burning slurry, has pneumatic projector re-injecting non burned combustible parts and solids received from one branch of inverse U shaped combustion chamber into another branch
FR2896709A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-03 Alstom Technology Ltd Metal oxide particles and carbonated residues separator for carbonated residue combustion installation, has vertical deflector constituting two compartments, in which one of compartments comprises lateral deflector deviating path
WO2007113016A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-10-11 Alstom Technology Ltd. Solid separator especially for a combustion facility
CN101378821B (en) * 2006-02-02 2010-06-16 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 Solid separator especially for a combustion facility
AU2007233944B2 (en) * 2006-02-02 2011-03-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Solid separator especially for a combustion facility
US7987993B2 (en) 2006-02-02 2011-08-02 Alstom Technology Ltd. Solid separator especially for a combustion facility
JP4892766B2 (en) * 2006-02-02 2012-03-07 アルストム テクノロジー リミテッド Solid separator for combustion equipment
US20120240870A1 (en) * 2010-12-05 2012-09-27 Sen Wang Circulating fluidized bed boiler with gas-solid separator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI823908A0 (en) 1982-11-15
FI823908L (en) 1984-05-16
DE3339317A1 (en) 1984-05-17
AT385208B (en) 1988-03-10
GB8328557D0 (en) 1983-11-30
SE8306254D0 (en) 1983-11-14
SE459232C (en) 1991-03-18
FI66297C (en) 1984-10-10
SE459232B (en) 1989-06-19
ATA397083A (en) 1987-08-15
DE3339317C2 (en) 1993-05-13
CA1249973A (en) 1989-02-14
FI66297B (en) 1984-06-29
SE8306254L (en) 1984-05-16
GB2130118B (en) 1986-09-17

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19941026