GB1248572A - Improvements in and relating to the heating of fluids - Google Patents
Improvements in and relating to the heating of fluidsInfo
- Publication number
- GB1248572A GB1248572A GB46500/67A GB4650067A GB1248572A GB 1248572 A GB1248572 A GB 1248572A GB 46500/67 A GB46500/67 A GB 46500/67A GB 4650067 A GB4650067 A GB 4650067A GB 1248572 A GB1248572 A GB 1248572A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- fins
- heater
- platinum
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
- C01G23/07—Producing by vapour phase processes, e.g. halide oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/14—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/20—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by oxidation of elements in the gaseous state; by oxidation or hydrolysis of compounds in the gaseous state
- C01B13/22—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by oxidation of elements in the gaseous state; by oxidation or hydrolysis of compounds in the gaseous state of halides or oxyhalides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
- F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
- F24H1/105—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance formed by the tube through which the fluid flows
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
1248572 Heating fluids electrically LAPORTE TITANIUM Ltd 4 Oct 1968 [11 Oct 1967] 46500/67 Heading F4 AN2A A fluid heater comprises one or more metal tubes 1 provided internally with metal fins or similar members 13 arranged to increase the area of contact with the fluid and being in contact with the tube wall, and the configuration of the tube and fins is such that the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the heating current therethrough increases in the direction of flow of the fluid through the heater. Each fin assembly 12 comprises eight fins 13 constructed in four pairs by longitudinal bending of strips 15, Fig. 4 (not shown), and welded at intervals to short tubular spacers 14. Each tube 1 has a second fin assembly 21 immediately downstream of its electrical connector 11 (which connector is water-cooled), to give an initial large cross-sectional area of flow path for current before it decreases suddenly to its minimum value, i.e. the area of tube wall alone, and then increases in a stepwise manner along the fin assembly 12. Heated fluid flows through inlet manifolds 9, one at each end of the heater, along the heated tubes 1 to a transversely extending common outlet conduit 3. The outlet conduit 3 and supply manifolds 9 are eathed in operation, and D.C. is supplied to the connectors 11. The tubes I are of a platinum/rhodium alloy, as is conduit 3, but the fin assemblies 12, 21 are preferably platinum. Tubes 1 are alternatively platinum/ruthenium or platinum/iridium. The fins have indents 20, Fig. 4 (not shown) at intervals to reduce thermal stresses resulting from differential expansion between the fins and the tube wall. The heater is in a thermally insulating enclosure 2 of refractory material to which heat is supplied, other than by radiation from the tubes, to reduce heat losses from the tubes. The heater is used in the manufacture of titanium dioxide by the vapour-phase oxidation of titanium tetrachloride, using the process and other apparatus of Specification 1171113, or for heating of the halides of silicon, aluminium or zirconium (excluding fluorides).
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB46500/67A GB1248572A (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1967-10-11 | Improvements in and relating to the heating of fluids |
| US765562A US3604893A (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1968-10-07 | Method and apparatus for electrically heating a fluid |
| NO04023/68A NO129320B (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1968-10-10 | |
| BE722130D BE722130A (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1968-10-10 | |
| NLAANVRAGE6814614,A NL170049C (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1968-10-11 | ELECTRIC FLOW HEATING DEVICE FOR HEATING MEDIUM. |
| BR203023/68A BR6803023D0 (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1968-10-11 | PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING A FLUID WELL AS PROCESS AND APPLIANCE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE PROVIDED BY THE SAME |
| FR1587827D FR1587827A (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1968-10-11 | |
| DE1802729A DE1802729C3 (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1968-10-11 | Device for heating liquids or gases |
| JP43073628A JPS4913539B1 (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1968-10-11 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB46500/67A GB1248572A (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1967-10-11 | Improvements in and relating to the heating of fluids |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1248572A true GB1248572A (en) | 1971-10-06 |
Family
ID=10441508
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB46500/67A Expired GB1248572A (en) | 1967-10-11 | 1967-10-11 | Improvements in and relating to the heating of fluids |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3604893A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS4913539B1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE722130A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR6803023D0 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1802729C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1587827A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1248572A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL170049C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO129320B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6278096B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2001-08-21 | Shell Oil Company | Fabrication and repair of electrically insulated flowliness by induction heating |
| US6278095B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2001-08-21 | Shell Oil Company | Induction heating for short segments of pipeline systems |
| US6509557B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2003-01-21 | Shell Oil Company | Apparatus and method for heating single insulated flowlines |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2632475B1 (en) * | 1988-06-01 | 1994-02-18 | Electricite De France | DEVICE FOR THE HOMOGENEOUS HEATING OF FLUIDS BY JOUL EFFECT |
| US7606475B2 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2009-10-20 | Steve Novotny | Heat generation system |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US383536A (en) * | 1888-05-29 | Thermo-electric apparatus for controlling the temperature of water in pipes | ||
| US1373809A (en) * | 1917-07-11 | 1921-04-05 | Jr William S Hadaway | Vapor electric heater |
| US1722797A (en) * | 1925-11-10 | 1929-07-30 | Western Electric Co | Method of and apparatus for applying and baking an insulating enamel coating |
| US2340610A (en) * | 1939-05-04 | 1944-02-01 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Preparation of titanium dioxide |
| US2307924A (en) * | 1941-02-24 | 1943-01-12 | Bohn Aluminium & Brass Corp | Liquid heater |
| US2614028A (en) * | 1947-07-16 | 1952-10-14 | Du Pont | Method of superheating titanium tetrachloride |
| US2596327A (en) * | 1949-07-19 | 1952-05-13 | Shell Dev | Electric heater |
| US2798819A (en) * | 1953-04-16 | 1957-07-09 | Du Pont | Process for the manufacture of titanium dioxide pigment |
| US2788260A (en) * | 1954-03-01 | 1957-04-09 | Du Pont | Heating oxygen-contaminated halogencontaining vapors |
| BE634154A (en) * | 1962-06-27 |
-
1967
- 1967-10-11 GB GB46500/67A patent/GB1248572A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-10-07 US US765562A patent/US3604893A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-10-10 BE BE722130D patent/BE722130A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-10-10 NO NO04023/68A patent/NO129320B/no unknown
- 1968-10-11 NL NLAANVRAGE6814614,A patent/NL170049C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-10-11 FR FR1587827D patent/FR1587827A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-10-11 DE DE1802729A patent/DE1802729C3/en not_active Expired
- 1968-10-11 BR BR203023/68A patent/BR6803023D0/en unknown
- 1968-10-11 JP JP43073628A patent/JPS4913539B1/ja active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6278096B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2001-08-21 | Shell Oil Company | Fabrication and repair of electrically insulated flowliness by induction heating |
| US6278095B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2001-08-21 | Shell Oil Company | Induction heating for short segments of pipeline systems |
| US6509557B1 (en) | 1999-08-03 | 2003-01-21 | Shell Oil Company | Apparatus and method for heating single insulated flowlines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL170049C (en) | 1982-09-16 |
| BR6803023D0 (en) | 1973-02-08 |
| NL170049B (en) | 1982-04-16 |
| NO129320B (en) | 1974-03-25 |
| NL6814614A (en) | 1969-04-15 |
| DE1802729A1 (en) | 1969-06-04 |
| DE1802729B2 (en) | 1975-04-17 |
| BE722130A (en) | 1969-03-14 |
| US3604893A (en) | 1971-09-14 |
| DE1802729C3 (en) | 1975-12-04 |
| FR1587827A (en) | 1970-03-27 |
| JPS4913539B1 (en) | 1974-04-01 |
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