FR3082891A1 - STARTER COMPRISING AN AXIALLY LOCKED REDUCER CROWN - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a starter for starting a heat engine of a motor vehicle comprising: - a support adapted to be mounted in the motor vehicle, - an electric motor comprising a rotor comprising an axis of rotation (X) - an epicyclic reduction gear comprising a crown (61) integral in rotation with the support, comprising a ring (610) having a cylindrical external periphery (6100), characterized in that the crown comprises at least one mounting base (612) extending from the external periphery cylindrical, comprising at least one abutment face (6121) oriented in an inclined plane relative to the axis of rotation (X) such that the extension of the abutment face (6121) in the direction of the axis of rotation forms an angle with the axis of rotation (X) to axially lock the crown (61) in the support.

Description

Starter comprising an axially wedged gear ring

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to starters comprising a planetary reduction gear.

STATE OF THE ART

The starters further include an electric motor comprising a rotor and brushes for supplying the electric motor and a pinion driven in rotation by the electric motor. The starter comprises a rear bearing on the side of the brushes, centering and supporting a rotor shaft, and a front bearing on the side of the pinion, centering and supporting a drive shaft driving the pinion in rotation. The starter further comprises a contactor and a fork, also called a lever, for moving the pinion in a ring gear of an internal combustion engine to be started.

The electric motor of the starter further comprises a cylinder head surrounding the rotor which is mounted axially between the rear bearing and the front bearing.

It is known a starter comprising an epicyclic reducer between the rotor and the drive shaft to increase the torque transmitted from the rotor to the pinion by decreasing the speed of rotation. An epicyclic reduction gear includes a crown integral in rotation with the cylinder head.

This crown can either be fixed or be mounted by means of shock absorbers, for example shock absorber studs, between the cylinder head and the crown or between the front bearing and the crown.

In the case of a crown fixed to the cylinder head, the crown may include a fork support extending from the crown and making it possible both to form a pivot point of the fork and at the same time to make the crown integral in rotation to the breech. Thus, the crown is immobilized in rotation and radially, but also axially.

However, the crown can be mounted without this lever support. In this case, the crown is mounted in a sandwich between the cylinder head and another piece integral with the front bearing. This is particularly the case of starters comprising a freewheel, fixed in translation, and comprising an intermediate bearing mounted between the crown and the pinion, for centering and supporting a transmission shaft on which the pinion is mounted. In this case, it is the intermediate bearing which includes a lever support and which is fixed between the cylinder head and the front bearing also called support.

It is also known to mount the crown in a sandwich between the intermediate bearing and an axial stop of the cylinder head to form together a transmission chamber.

However, it has been realized that the epicyclic reduction gear produces in such a sandwich assembly more noise and faster wear of the teeth, in particular of the internal teeth of the crown, compared to the case of a crown fixed on the cylinder head, in rotation and axially.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is noted that there is a need to provide a starter producing less noise and being more resistant to wear while having a planetary gearbox whose crown is sandwiched in a cylinder head.

According to the invention, there is a tendency to satisfy this need by providing a starter comprising:

a support adapted to be mounted in the motor vehicle,

- an electric motor comprising:

A rotor comprising a rotation shaft comprising an axis of rotation and a toothed wheel,

- an epicyclic reducer comprising:

• the toothed wheel of the rotor, • a crown integral in rotation with the support, comprising:

o a ring comprising a cylindrical external periphery characterized in that the crown comprises at least one mounting base extending from the cylindrical external periphery of the ring, the mounting base comprising at least one abutment face for nesting the integral crown in rotation with the support, and in that the abutment face is oriented in an inclined plane with respect to the axis of rotation such that the extension of the abutment face in the direction of the axis of rotation forms an angle with the axis of rotation to axially lock the crown in the support.

By "extension of the abutment face" is meant the plane comprising the abutment face and extending along the abutment face. The plane cuts the axis of rotation, forming an angle, unlike the prior art in which the radial stops are parallel to the axis of rotation.

Having bases having a face forming an angle with respect to the axis of rotation allows the crown to be fitted by catching up with the axial tolerances of the parts against which the crown is mounted.

The tolerances of the parts require having an axial play on the crown when the latter is fitted. In the prior art, the crown is sandwiched and includes an axial clearance which caused vibrations of the crown and therefore noise as well as wear of the teeth of the planetary reduction gear.

In the invention, the crown is fitted by being mounted between a first and a second part secured to the support, such as the cylinder head or an intermediate bearing. The crown is always mounted with an axial play but when the torque is transmitted to the crown, the crown is held axially by pressure due to the torque transmitted on this inclined abutment face.

Indeed, the abutment face in contact with a bearing surface of the first part or of the second part, will deflect the orientation of the torque in rotation on the crown by applying it to the inclined abutment face. This force comprises, due to the inclination of the abutment face, an axial component which will exert on the crown a support against an axial abutment secured to the support. Thus the crown does not vibrate during the operation of the starter using the torque transmitted to the crown.

The crown can therefore be mounted with axial play with one of the two parts between which the crown is mounted. Thus, when the torque is exerted on the crown, a force is exerted on its inclined abutment face, in the direction of one of the two parts. This abutment face therefore exerts a support, the result of which comprises an axial component pressing the crown in the direction of an axial abutment secured to the support. In addition, this allows the crown to be adapted to the different sizing tolerances of the parts mounted against the crown.

Thus, the starter manufacturing process is facilitated, by having a fitting of the crown by interlocking while reducing the noise and wear of the starter. Indeed, a more expensive and more complicated solution would have been to fix the crown, by welding, gluing or even screwing, to one of the parts sandwiching it, for example an intermediate bearing or the cylinder head.

The device according to the invention may also have one or more of the characteristics below, considered individually or in all the technically possible combinations:

According to one embodiment, the starter comprises an axial stop integral with the support and in that the crown is in contact against this axial stop when the electric motor transmits a torque on the crown.

Thus when the starter rotor turns, due to the torque transmitted in the crown by satellites, the crown exerts a force on the at least one abutment face inclined relative to the axis of rotation, the support of this face stop plate the crown against an axial stop integral with the support thus preventing it from vibrating.

According to this embodiment, the electric motor comprises a stator comprising a cylinder head comprising an internal periphery surrounding the rotor, and in that the starter further comprises an intermediate bearing fixed to the support, the crown being mounted between the cylinder head and the intermediate bearing and in that the starter comprises a mounting assembly comprising the axial stop secured to the support and a base holding it in engagement with the mounting base to wedge the crown against the axial stop secured to the support.

This provides an intermediate bearing for better centering and better support of the starter shafts while using an axial stop integral with the support to facilitate the starter manufacturing process.

According to an example of this embodiment, the intermediate bearing closes the crown forming a transmission chamber with the crown. This makes it possible to form a chamber to keep the fat in the planetary reduction gear.

According to an example of this embodiment, the crown is clipped to the intermediate bearing. This makes it possible to have a simple means of mounting the intermediate ίο bearing with the crown of the planetary reduction gear.

According to an example of this embodiment, the crown comprises a transverse axial bearing surface and in that the mounting assembly comprises on the one hand at least one holding base assembled with the corresponding mounting base 15, l holding base being in contact with the abutment face of the mounting base to keep the crown integral in rotation with the mounting assembly, and on the other hand a transverse axial abutment surface in contact with the transverse surface d '' axial support.

Thus when the starter rotor turns, due to the torque transmitted in the crown by satellites, the crown exerts a force on the at least one abutment face inclined relative to the axis of rotation, the support of this abutment face presses the crown against a transverse surface forming the axial abutment secured to the support, thus preventing it from vibrating.

By transverse surface means a surface in a plane perpendicular to the axis 25 of rotation.

According to a first variant, the intermediate bearing comprises the transverse axial support surface.

According to a second variant, the cylinder head comprises the transverse axial support surface.

According to an embodiment of this example, the intermediate bearing comprises the holding base. The mounting base can be a lug extending axially from the ring of the crown to the intermediate bearing.

In the first variant where the intermediate bearing comprises the transverse axial support surface, the tab can comprise a ramp and the intermediate bearing can comprise a clipping notch. The clip notch may include the transverse axial support surface bearing against the transverse axial abutment surface formed on the ramp of the clip of the crown lug.

In addition, the crown may include notches for indexing the cylinder head. The cylinder head then comprises lugs housed in the cylinder head. The starter can therefore include an axial clearance between the transverse surface of the lug and the transverse surface of the corresponding notch as well as a clearance between the axial surfaces of the lug and of the notch.

In the second variant where the cylinder head comprises the transverse bearing surface, the cylinder head comprises at least one lug comprising the transverse bearing surface and the crown comprises at least one notch comprising the transverse surface of axial stop in contact with the transverse surface axial support of the lug. The starter may have play between the axial surfaces of the lug and the notch.

According to another embodiment, the cylinder head comprises the holding base located on the side of the rotor relative to the crown. Thus the retaining base makes it possible both to make the crown integral in rotation with the support but also during the manufacturing process, the mounting and retaining base makes it possible to index the cylinder head.

According to one example, the mounting assembly comprises a holding base per mounting base and in that the crown comprises several mounting bases, for example four mounting bases.

According to one embodiment, the mounting base is a groove in the axially open cylindrical outer periphery.

For example, in the embodiment where the cylinder head comprises the holding base, the groove houses the cylinder head holding base which can for example be a lug extending from an internal periphery of the cylinder head. The lug can for example be formed by embossing, forming the retaining base housed in the notch-shaped groove, of the crown forming the mounting base.

According to one embodiment, the mounting base comprises two abutment faces and the holding base comprises two holding faces corresponding to the two abutment faces. By correspondent we mean that they are parallel or complementary in shape to lean against each other.

In these embodiments, the crown includes an internal periphery and internal teeth extending from the internal periphery. The planetary reduction gear further comprises a satellite body comprising satellites mounted in the crown integral in rotation and meshed around the toothed wheel and meshed with the internal teeth of the crown.

According to an example of this embodiment, the starter further comprises a transmission shaft coupled at least in one direction of rotation with the satellite body.

The cylinder head may for example comprise an internal shoulder against which the crown is in abutment. Thus, the cylinder head can be axially abutted against the crown. The shoulder can therefore form the axial stop integral with the support.

According to one embodiment, the starter comprises a free wheel mounted between the drive shaft and the planetary reduction gear.

According to an example of this embodiment, the freewheel comprises an inlet formed by the body of satellites mounted in the transmission chamber. This makes it possible to have a free wheel which is fixed in axial translation and therefore to have a less powerful contactor compared to the prior art moving the free wheel axially due to the weight of the free wheel in less to translate towards the crown. of the heat engine.

In addition, in the case of the intermediate bearing, the freewheel can be better maintained due to the intermediate bearing supporting the drive shaft comprising the output track of the freewheel. The wear of the freewheel is thus reduced.

According to one embodiment, the mounting base is an axially open groove.

By axially open groove is meant the fact that the groove does not have at one of these axial ends a radial face.

This allows for a base simply in the material of the crown.

According to a variant of the previous embodiment, the mounting base is a projection.

The protrusion can thus comprise an axial playing surface facing a bottom surface of a groove of a holding base secured to the cylinder head.

According to one embodiment, the ring comprises the face of stops extending radially from the external periphery.

According to a variant of the previous embodiment, the mounting base extends axially from the external periphery by having the abutment face extending axially from the ring.

According to one embodiment, the angle formed by the extension of the inclined abutment face and the axis X has a value between 5 ° and 35 °, in particular between 25 ° and 35 °, for example 30 °.

According to one example, the at least one holding base comprises at least one holding face in contact with the abutment face of the corresponding mounting base, and in that the holding face has an inclination relative to the X axis corresponding to that of the abutment face.

The axial and radial extension of the retaining face forms an angle with the axis X of a value between 5 ° and 35 °, especially between 5 ° and 15 ° for example 10 °.

This makes it easy to assemble the two bases, i.e. the holding base with the mounting base while ensuring contact.

According to one embodiment, the crown comprises a radial face comprising first and second transverse surfaces and a cylindrical surface and in that the intermediate bearing comprises two transverse surfaces and a portion of the cylindrical surface to form a cylindrical baffle with the face radial and in that one of the transverse surfaces of the intermediate bearing forming the baffle is the transverse axial abutment surface in abutment against one of the transverse surfaces of the crown forming the axial bearing surface of the crown.

So when the electric starter motor turns, the torque exerted on the cylinder head holding base pushes the crown to the intermediate bearing. This makes it possible to compress the crown against an abutment face of the intermediate bearing. Thus, this improves the seal formed by the baffle and reduces vibrations in the crown.

According to one embodiment, the starter comprises fixing rods fixed to the support and to a rear bearing by compressing between the rear bearing and the support, the cylinder head resting on the intermediate bearing resting on the support. For example, the fixing rods are mounted in abutment against the rear bearing and screwed into a thread in the support 3.

According to an embodiment which can be combined with the other preceding embodiments, the crown comprises a radial bottom and an opening traversed by the rotation shaft of the rotor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description which is given below thereof, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended figures, among which:

- Figure 1 schematically shows a section of a starter according to the invention.

- Figure 2 shows in perspective a portion of the starter comprising a crown clipped into an intermediate bearing according to a first embodiment of the invention.

FIGS. 3a and 3b respectively represent the crown and the intermediate bearing of the part of the starter in FIG. 2.

- Figure 4 shows a radial view of part of the crown and the intermediate bearing according to the first embodiment shown in Figure 2.

- Figure 5 shows a radial view of a part of the starter according to a second embodiment comprising a crown and an intermediate bearing

- Figure 6 shows a perspective view of a starter cylinder head capable of being mounted with the part shown in Figure 2 or Figure 5.

- Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the starter part shown in Figure 5 assembled with the cylinder head of Figure 6.

- Figure 8 shows an enlargement of a mounting base for the crown of the part of the starter shown in Figure 5.

For the sake of clarity, identical or similar elements are identified by identical reference signs in all of the figures.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AT LEAST ONE EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 represents a starter A according to an embodiment of the invention.

The starter A comprises a contactor 1, an electric motor 2 comprising a stator 21 and a rotor 22 movable in rotation about an axis X of rotation. The stator 21 comprises a yoke 210 surrounding the rotor 22. The contactor 1 comprises, in a known manner, a movable contact plate between a rest position and a supply position for electrically supplying the electric motor 2. The starter A further comprises a support 3 fixed to the contactor 1 and to the stator 21 of the electric motor 2. The support 3 comprises on the one hand a contactor support part 31 surrounding a yoke 10 of the contactor 1 fixing the contactor 1 to the rear bearing 3 and on the other hand and a part engine support 32 surrounding the cylinder head 210 of the stator of the electric motor 2. The support 3 further comprises a front bearing part 34 comprising in this case a needle bearing.

The starter A further comprises a drive shaft 4 comprising an end 43 mounted in the front bearing part 34 of the support 3, in this case in the needle bearing.

The drive shaft 4 is coupled in rotation with the rotor 22 by means of a transmission comprising a free wheel 5 and an epicyclic speed reducer 6 comprising a satellite body 65 forming an entry of the free wheel 5. The freewheel 5 comprises rollers 52 and springs and an outlet 54 also called freewheel track, forming one end of the drive shaft 4.

The starter further comprises a lever 7 comprising a portion supporting the pinion carrier and a coupling part mounted to a rod of the contactor 1.

The starter finally comprises a pinion 8 movable in translation relative to the support 3 between a rest position and a geared position in which the pinion is capable of driving a crown. The drive shaft 4 comprises in this case helical grooves located between the outlet of the freewheel 54 and the front end 43 and the pinion 8 comprises helical teeth coupled in the helical grooves of the drive shaft 4.

The starter further comprises an intermediate bearing 9 for supporting the rear of the drive shaft 4. In this case the intermediate bearing 9 comprises a bearing surrounding a support track for the drive shaft 4. The track of the drive shaft 4 is located between the outlet 54 of the freewheel 5 and the helical grooves of the drive shaft 4. The transmission shaft 4 therefore passes through an axial opening of the intermediate bearing in which the bearing is located.

The drive shaft 4 is coupled at least in one direction of rotation with the satellite body 65 by means of the freewheel.

The intermediate bearing 9 is fixed to the support 3. In this example, the intermediate bearing comprises several clearance grooves 97 visible in FIG. 2, in this case four, and in that the lever 7 comprises a portion in this housing. The lever 7 is not in this example in contact against the intermediate bearing. The lever 7 is supported in this case on a lever support mounted on the support 3. The release groove 97 makes it possible to reduce the length of the lever 7 and therefore to have a more axially compact starter.

According to another example not shown, the intermediate bearing 9 can have the lever support for example in place of the clearance groove 97, or even by having a radial projection located in the support 3 mounted between the lever 7 and a surface of the support 3.

According to another example, not shown, the intermediate bearing 9 does not include release grooves. In this case the lever 7 has another longer shape bypassing the intermediate bearing 9 or else the lever support of the support 3 is located further forward (that is to say closer to the front bearing) than in this example of this embodiment, the starter is therefore more bulky axially.

Having several release grooves 9 makes it possible to arrange the intermediate bearing 9 in a different angular position. Thus, this simplifies the manufacturing process and therefore reduces costs.

The rotor 22 comprises a rotor shaft 221 comprising at the front end, a toothed wheel 226 also called a sun wheel. This toothed wheel 226 forms the inlet of the planetary gearbox 6. The planetary gearbox 6 further comprises a crown 61 assembled to the support 3. The crown 61 is rotatably integral with the support 3 and therefore also with the yoke 210 of the stator.

The crown 61 comprises a ring 610 comprising a cylindrical external periphery 6100, a transverse face 69 and an internal periphery. In this case, the transverse face 69 comprises first transverse surface 6912 and a second transverse surface 6962 offset axially towards the intermediate bearing

9. The ring 61 comprises between a cylindrical surface 6910 between the first transverse surface 6912 and the second transverse surface 6962. The crown 61 includes internal teeth 612 extending from the internal periphery of the ring 610 of the crown 61.

By transverse surface means a surface in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation X.

The body of satellites 65 comprises satellites 620 mounted in the crown 61 and around the toothed wheel 226. More precisely, the satellites 620 comprise external teeth meshed with the internal teeth of the crown 61 and the teeth of the toothed wheel 226.

The starter further comprises a rear bearing 10 supporting a shaft 221 of the rotor 22. The cylinder head 210 is sandwiched between the rear bearing 10 and the support 3.

When the contactor 1 is powered, a core of the contactor 1 moves moving the contact plate to power the electric motor 2 and the rod connected to the lever 8 which moves the pinion 8 towards the engaged position.

The electric motor 2 rotates its rotor and therefore the rotor shaft 221 which transmits its torque by means of the planetary reduction gear 6 to the body of satellites forming the input 65 of the free wheel 5. The free wheel 5 transmits in a direction of rotation a torque to the drive shaft 4 which transmits the torque to the pinion to turn the crown of the heat engine. When the heat engine starts, the crown of the heat engine can rotate faster than the input 65 of the free wheel 5 causing the pinion 8 to rotate in this same direction of rotation and the free wheel 5 goes into free wheel mode, it that is to say in a disengaged state between its input 65 and its output 54.

In this embodiment, the intermediate bearing 9 comprises a ring 91 comprising an external cylindrical periphery 910 visible in FIG. 2 and 3B, an internal cylindrical periphery 911 around the axis of rotation X and a transverse surface 912 opposite -screw of the first transverse surface 6912 of the crown 6.

The intermediate bearing 9 further comprises shoulders 96 extending radially outward from the external cylindrical periphery 910. The set of shoulders forms a cylindrical surface having an external diameter relative to the axis of rotation X. Each shoulder 96 comprises a transverse surface 962 facing the second radial surface 6962 of the ring 610. The external diameter of the shoulder 96 corresponds to that of the internal diameter of the cylinder head 210. This makes it possible to center the cylinder head 210 at intermediate bearing 9.

The external cylindrical periphery 910 comprises a portion surrounded by the cylindrical surface 6910.

Thus, the first and second transverse surfaces 6912, 6962 of the radial face 69 and the cylindrical surface 6910 form a baffle with the transverse surfaces 962, 912 and the portion of the cylindrical periphery 910 surrounded by the cylindrical surface 6910.

This baffle makes it possible to reduce the loss of fat from the planetary gearbox as well as in the free wheel 5 in the intermediate bearing 9.

The intermediate bearing 9 further comprises radial projections 92 extending radially outward from the external cylindrical periphery 910. The projections 92 are each located in corresponding notches of the support 3. Thus the intermediate bearing 9 is integral in rotation with the support 3 and is mounted axially against the supports.

Indeed, the starter comprises fixing rods mounted in abutment against the rear bearing 10 and screwed into a tapping of the support 3. These fixing rods therefore compress between the rear bearing 10 and the support 3, the cylinder head 210 in abutment on the intermediate bearing 9 supported on the support 3.

Each of the projections 92 includes an axial opening passing through the projection 92 extending from two shoulders 96.

The intermediate bearing 9 comprises, two holding faces 961 by axial opening of a radial projection. Each of the two holding faces 961 is located in the axial opening of the radial projections 92.

The projection 92 therefore comprises between a via portion opposite the external cylindrical periphery 910 comprising a first transverse surface 922 opposite the cylinder head and another transverse surface 921, called in this embodiment transverse abutment surface axial. The radial projection 92 in this case comprises a diameter greater than the shoulder 96. The first transverse surface 922 is therefore in this case in abutment against a transverse surface of the cylinder head 210.

In this example of this embodiment, each retaining face 961 is further formed by an inclined surface of a shoulder 96.

The crown 61 of the reduction gear 6 is clipped onto the intermediate bearing 9. In this case, the crown 61 comprises at least one tab extending from the cylindrical external periphery 6100 of the ring 610. In this embodiment, at least one tab forms a mounting base 619. In this case, the crown 61 comprises as many mounting base 619 as axial openings of the projections 92. Each of the mounting bases 619 passes through the corresponding axial opening of the projection 92 for clip there. Each mounting base 619 therefore includes a ramp 6190 for clipping. Clipping allows during the manufacturing process to maintain the intermediate bearing 9 with the reducer 6 through the ring 61. When mounting the transmission chamber formed by the planetary reduction gear 6 and the intermediate bearing 9 comprising the freewheel 5 , the crown 61 is clipped axially against the intermediate bearing 9 by means of the lugs 619 also called arms or in this embodiment mounting base in the openings of the projections 92 and in that the ramp 6190 makes it possible to elastically deform the base mounting 619, that is to say the arm which retracts when the ramp 6190 has passed through the opening. Thus the arm 619 extends axially from the ring in the axial opening of the projection 92.

The ramp 6190 comprises a transverse surface which in this embodiment is a transverse surface of axial support 6192 in contact with the second transverse surface which in this embodiment is a transverse surface of axial stop 921.

The cylinder head 210 of the engine comprises lugs 216 extending from the internal periphery 211 of the cylinder head projecting radially towards the axis X. The crown 61 also comprises in this case notches 612 housing the lugs 216. The external periphery 610 of the crown is mounted adjusted in the internal periphery 211 of the cylinder head 210.

The crown 61 is therefore mounted between the lugs 216 of the cylinder head and the intermediate bearing 9. The lugs 216 comprise a transverse surface 2160 opposite one another with a transverse surface 6120 of the notch 612. In particular, in this example of this embodiment, an axial clearance is formed between transverse surface 2160 of the cylinder head vis-à-vis with a transverse surface 6120 of the notch 612. This notch allows during assembly of the cylinder head with the crown 61 to index the cylinder head 210. In this embodiment, the notches 612 are wider than the lugs 216.

In this embodiment, at least one mounting base 619 comprises two abutment faces 6191, in particular visible in FIG. 3A. However, the mounting base could have only one abutment face formed on the side where the crown will come into abutment due to the torque during the rotation of the rotor. Indeed, a starter turns its rotor and therefore its satellite carrier only in one direction of rotation.

At least one of the abutment faces 6191 is pressed against one of the retaining faces 961 of the intermediate bearing 9. The retaining faces 961 of the intermediate bearing 9 and the abutment faces 6191 of the crown 6 can therefore be in contact to maintain the crown 6 secured in rotation with the intermediate bearing but also to bear axially against the crown 6. In other words, in this embodiment, the crown 6 is integral in rotation with the support 3 by means of the intermediate bearing 9.

The abutment faces 6191 of a mounting base for the crown 6 extend towards one another such that the axial extension of the abutment faces 6191 forms an angle a with the axis of rotation X. FIG. 4 shows the angle a between the axis of rotation X and one of the abutment faces 6191 on a portion of the mounting base 619 according to the first embodiment. In other words, each of the abutment faces is inclined relative to the axis of rotation X such that the plane passing through the abutment face forms the angle a with the axis of rotation having a value between 25 ° and 35 ° , in this case 30 °. When the electric motor 2 is powered turning the rotor 22 and therefore turning the satellites 620 by means of the toothed wheel 226 of the rotor shaft 221, the rotation of the satellites transmits a drag torque on the crown 61. The torque of drag transmitted to the crown having its abutment face 6191 in abutment against a holding face 961 converted this torque into a result of axial force pressing the crown 61 towards the cylinder head 210.

According to another example of this embodiment, each lug 216 forms an axial abutment by having the transverse surface 2160 in contact with the transverse surface 6120 of the notch 612. The crown 61 is therefore in axial support against the lugs 216 of the cylinder head. This is particularly the case, if the axial clearance between the transverse surface 2160 and the transverse surface 6120 of the notch 612 is smaller than the axial clearance between the transverse surface of axial support 6192 and the second transverse surface of axial stop 921 when the mounting base 619 is as far forward as possible in the holding base 92.

According to a second embodiment shown in Figure 5, identical to that described above except as regards the elements described below.

In this embodiment, the cylinder head 210 comprises at least one retaining base 216, in this case eight retaining bases 216 each having two retaining faces 2160 visible in FIG. 6. Each of the retaining bases is formed by lugs 216. In this instance, the holding bases 216 are formed by stamping. The cylinder head 210 is a ferromagnetic sheet having stamping holes 217 on its outer periphery.

In this embodiment, the mounting base 612 is a groove formed in the cylindrical external periphery 6100 of the crown 61. The groove is open axially opposite the cylinder head 61 and includes inclined abutment faces 6121 with respect to the axis of rotation X. In this example, each mounting base 612 houses a holding base 216. Each mounting base 612 comprises two faces of inclined stops. In this example, as shown in FIG. 8, each of the abutment faces 6121 are inclined relative to the axis of rotation X such that their extension intersects the axis of rotation X and forms an angle β with the axis X having a value between 5 ° and 15 °, in this case 10 °.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first transverse surfaces 6912 of the radial face 69 forming the baffle is in contact with the transverse surface 912 of the intermediate bearing when a drag torque is applied to the crown 61.

The transverse surface 912 of the intermediate bearing 9 is therefore in this embodiment, the transverse axial abutment surface 912 and the transverse surface 6912 of the crown 61 forming the axial bearing surface of the crown 6912.

According to another example, not shown, of this embodiment, the second transverse surfaces 6962 of the radial face 69 forming the baffle is in contact with the transverse surface 962 of each shoulder 96 of the intermediate bearing 9 when a drag pair is applied to crown 61.

The transverse surface 962 of each shoulder 96 of the intermediate bearing 9 is therefore in this embodiment, the transverse surface of axial stop 962 and the transverse surface 6962 of the crown 61 forming the axial bearing surface of the crown 6962. However this example of this embodiment with the drawback compared to the previous example shown, in that grease can exit more easily through the opening of the projections 92.

When the electric motor 2 is supplied, the drag torque transmitted to the crown 61 having its abutment face 6120 in abutment against a holding face 2160 converted this torque into a result of axial force pressing the crown 61 towards the intermediate bearing 9 Thus in this example shown the first transverse surfaces 6912 of the radial face 69 forming the baffle is in contact with the transverse surface 912 of the intermediate bearing.

Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the starter part A shown in Figure 5 assembled with the cylinder head of Figure 6. Thus, unlike the first embodiment, we can see a clearance between the ramp 6190 and the second surface transverse 922 of the intermediate bearing 9 due to the ring 61 bearing against the transverse axial abutment surface 912 in this embodiment.

In this case, it can be seen that the first transverse surface 922 of the intermediate bearing 9 is in abutment against the transverse surface of the cylinder head 210 as in the first embodiment. It can also be seen that the shoulders 96 have an external diameter corresponding to the internal diameter of the internal periphery 211 of the cylinder head 210.

As in the first embodiment, the intermediate lever 9 includes clearance grooves 97 but may not have them or form the lever support.

Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the figures and variants could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. Starter (A) to start a heat engine of a motor vehicle comprising: a support (3) adapted to be mounted in the motor vehicle, an electric motor (2) comprising: • a rotor (22) comprising a rotation shaft (221) comprising a rotation axis (X) and a toothed wheel (226), a planetary reduction gear (6) comprising: • the toothed wheel (226) of the rotor, • a crown (61) integral in rotation with the support (3), comprising: a ring (610) comprising a cylindrical external periphery (6100) characterized in that the crown comprises at least one mounting base (619; 612) extending from the cylindrical external periphery of the ring, the mounting base ( 619; 612) comprising at least one abutment face (6121; 6191) for fitting the crown (61) integral in rotation with the support (3), and in that the abutment face (6121; 6191) is oriented in a plane inclined with respect to the axis of rotation (X) such that the extension of the abutment face (6121; 6191) in the direction of the axis of rotation forms an angle with the axis of rotation (X) to wedge axially the crown (61) in the support (3). 2. Starter according to the preceding claim, wherein the electric motor (2) comprises a stator (21) comprising a cylinder head (210) comprising an internal periphery (211) surrounding the rotor (22), and in that the starter comprises in in addition to an intermediate bearing (9) fixed to the support (3), the crown being mounted between the cylinder head (210) and the intermediate bearing and in that the starter comprises a mounting assembly comprising an axial stop integral with the support (3) and a holding base engaged with the mounting base to wedge the crown (61) against the axial stop integral with the support. 3. Starter according to claim 2, wherein the crown (61) is clipped to the intermediate bearing (9). 4. Starter according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the crown (61) comprises a transverse axial bearing surface (6120; 6192) and in that the mounting assembly comprises on the one hand at least one holding base (92; 216) assembled with the corresponding mounting base, the holding base (92; 216) being in contact with the abutment faces (6191; 6121) of the mounting base (619, 612) to maintain the crown (61) integral in rotation with the mounting assembly, and on the other hand a transverse axial abutment surface (2160; 912) in contact with the transverse axial bearing surface (6120; 6912). 5. Starter according to claim 4, wherein the intermediate bearing (9) comprises the transverse axial support surface (912; 921). 6. Starter according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the intermediate bearing (9) comprises the holding base (92). 7. Starter according to one of claims 2 to 6, in which the mounting base (619) is a lug extending axially from the ring of the crown to the intermediate bearing (9). 8. Starter according to one of claims 2 to 5, comprising a cylinder head (210) comprising the holding base (216) located on the side of the rotor relative to the crown (61). 9. Starter according to one of the preceding claims, in which the mounting base (612) is a groove in the cylindrical external periphery (6100) open axially. 10. Starter according to claim 5 and 8 and 9, wherein the crown (61) comprises a radial face (69) comprising first and second transverse surfaces (6912, 6962) and a cylindrical surface (6910) and in that the intermediate bearing comprises two transverse surfaces (962, 912) and a portion of the cylindrical surface (910) to form a cylindrical baffle with the radial face (69) and in that one of the transverse surfaces (912) of the intermediate bearing (9 ) forming the baffle is the transverse axial abutment surface (912) bearing against one of the transverse surfaces (6912) of the crown (61) forming the axial bearing surface of the crown (6912).