FR2783130A1 - CONVEYOR FOR / MOUNTED ON AGRICULTURAL HARVESTING VEHICLES - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a conveyor intended for / mounted on agricultural harvesting vehicles, in particular agricultural bale presses, composed of a collecting device (5) and a conveying channel (6) attached thereto, bounded upwards by a conveyor rotor (7) and downwards by a conveyor channel bottom (10) which can be automatically lowered in the event of overload and traversed by a plurality of blades (25), said channel bottom conveyor automatically returning to its normal position after elimination of the overload. To prevent overloads, in particular blockages, of the conveying rotor (7) and / or the blades (25) as soon as possible, means (13, 19, 22, 32, 49, 50) are provided for lowering the bottom of the conveying channel (10) as a function of the preset load of the conveying rotor (7), in the vicinity of the pick-up side, and below the starting point of the insertion of the conveying teeth (8) and / or to pivot the blades (25) downwards, out of the bottom of the conveying channel (10).

Description

Conveyor for / mounted on agricultural harvesting vehicles La

  The present invention relates to a conveyor intended for / mounted on agricultural harvesting vehicles, in particular agricultural bale presses, composed of a collecting device for collecting straw and a conveying channel attached thereto. This conveying channel opens into the compression space of the

bundles.

  The conveying channel is limited upwards by a fixed scraping device, crossed by conveying teeth of a conveying rotor which can be driven, and downwards, by a bottom of the conveying channel which can be lowered automatically, in the event of an overload, with respect to the conveying rotor and traversed by a plurality of blades, said bottom of the conveying channel automatically resuming

  its normal position after elimination of the overload.

  Document DE-3519776 Ai describes and illustrates a conveyor for mobile agricultural loaders. To find and eliminate bottlenecks in the conveying channel, it is available there, in the event of excessive load on the conveyor

  at the end on the outlet side of the conveying channel, i.e.

  tell in the vicinity of the loading chamber, to widen the bottom wall of the conveying channel to a limited extent

depending on the torque of the conveyor.

  This device mainly has the following drawbacks: - Due to the rigid arrangement of the front area of the bottom of the conveying channel, small foreign bodies are sufficient to quickly block the conveying rotor by wedging between the conveying teeth and the bottom of the conveying channel. - Since the blade cannot pivot outside the bottom of the conveying channel, but can only be put out of reach of the conveying teeth by folding the bottom of the conveying channel, it must be largely open, so that the material is no longer conveyed into the

conveying, but falls to the ground.

  - Blockages are not avoided in the entry area of the conveying channel, where the conveying teeth reach the material at an acute angle. It is there, according to practical knowledge, that the main cause lies.

  blockages of the conveying motor.

  - The torque measuring device is, in relation to the lever rods intended to open the bottom of the conveying channel, relatively complicated and expensive, and relatively imprecise due to variations in the force of

chain.

  Document DE 195 46 263 discloses a conveyor for agricultural presses in which the bottom of the conveying channel is deflected, at its end close to the pick-up device, against a preset elastic force, by the pressure of the rotor of conveying on the straw and therefore on the bottom of the conveying channel. With this device, good results are obtained in practice, but it is disadvantageous that when the bottom of the conveying channel is lowered, the cutting angle formed between the blade and the conveying teeth increases and therefore becomes

  bad from the point of view of eliminating bottlenecks.

  It is then useful to pivot the blade outwards, but this is done manually by the tractor operator, via a control valve. The conveyor known by the utility model

  German DE 296 11 444 has the same drawbacks.

  The object of the invention is to improve the conveyor described in the introduction so as to safely avoid both blockages of the conveyor rotor and overloads of the conveyor rotor and the blade, the solution being simple,

  inexpensive, reliable and user-friendly.

  Starting from the conveyor described in the introduction, this object is achieved in that means are provided for lowering the bottom of the conveyor channel as a function of the preset load of the conveyor rotor, in its departure zone, in the vicinity of the pickup device, and below the starting point of the insertion of the conveying teeth and / or to pivot the blades downwards, out of the bottom

of the conveying channel.

  By the forced control, according to the invention, of the bottom of the conveying channel and / or of the blades, for example as a function of the torque of the conveying rotor, all the parameters are now brought together to actively avoid blockages as soon as possible and overloads. The prior devices operate relatively slowly beyond the reaction forces of the bottom of the conveyor channel. Additional overload safety devices on the conveyor rotor, such as relatively expensive shear pins or cam controllers, are superfluous. The blades wear less because their penetration depth in the rotation zone of the conveying teeth is reduced, stopping before engorgement and / or overloads. By means of sensors known per se arranged on the bottom of the conveying channel or on the blades, the pivoting of the blades or of the bottom of the conveying channel is signaled to the tractor operator, so that he can take adequate countermeasures , for example driving more slowly. Since the collection side of the bottom of the conveying channel is then lowered and / or the blades pivot out of the bottom of the conveying channel, the essential advantage is that the press can continue to work because the material flow is not interrupted, which is the case when the bottom of the conveying channel is lowered on the press side. This explains in particular that the known device was not made in

convenient.

  It is fundamentally possible that the bottom of the conveying channel can be lowered parallel to itself, but this is only possible to a limited extent, because this deteriorates the

  material flow at the outlet of the conveying channel.

  In the case of very large blockages by foreign bodies, the bottom of the conveying channel is preferably configured so as to be able to be folded back at its end near the compression space, that is to say that the bottom is wide open, so that foreign bodies

  can easily be removed by hand.

  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the drive shaft is connected at one end, in a torsion-resistant manner, to the tooth-carrying tube and is housed at the other end so as to be able to rotate relative to the tooth-carrying tube, each end of the drive shaft being connected in a torsion-resistant manner to a toothed wheel, a perforated wheel or the like, with which a sensor is associated each time

  measured value housed fixed and operating without contact.

  Compared to strain gauges, this system constitutes a

  very simple solution, requiring few components.

  Overcrowding and overloading can be avoided optimally in large areas when lowering the bottom of the conveyor channel and pivoting

2783130

  blades out of the conveyor channel occur simultaneously.

  Other characteristics of the invention are described below.

  after. The means for lowering the bottom of the conveying channel have at least one torque measuring device for the driving torque or the power of the conveying rotor, from which the lowering or folding of the bottom is derived, directly or indirectly. of the conveying channel

and / or blades.

  The conveyor rotor has a continuous drive shaft inside a tooth-carrying tube

  realized in the form of a torque measurement tree.

  The drive of the conveyor rotor occurs on the side of the drive shaft which is housed so that it can

  rotate relative to the tooth carrier tube.

  A control device is provided, comprising, in addition to a torque measuring device, a control device comprising a comparison of set values / actual values, and at least one control valve acting on jacks to actuate the bottom of the conveying channel and

the blades.

  The lowering of the bottom of the conveying channel is coupled directly or indirectly with the pivoting of the blades

outside the bottom of the conveying channel.

  In one embodiment of the invention, instead of the bottom of the conveying channel being lowered, the rotor of

conveyor is raised.

  The invention is explained below in more detail, using

  of an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the attached drawing.

  Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a conveyor according to the invention, in the normal position of the bottom of the channel

  conveying and cutting position of the blades.

  FIG. 2 is a view according to FIG. 1, but with the bottom of the conveying channel lowered on the collection side and the blades in the uncut position and FIG. 3 is a top view, in partial representation, of FIG. 1, with a drive shaft, made in the form of a torque measurement shaft, a

conveyor rotor.

  FIG. 1 shows a round baler, the construction and the mode of operation of which are illustrated for example in document DE-2443838, only the front part of a cylindrical compression space 1 comprising an upper steamroller 2, a lower steamroller 3 and a filling opening 4 located between the two. The straw strewn in the javelins is collected by means of a collection device and is transported in the compression space 1 by a conveying channel 6 and through the filling opening 4. The conveying channel 6 is limited upwards by a conveying rotor 7 having on its periphery conveying teeth 8 placed at a distance from each other and cooperating with a scraper element 9. Downwards, the conveying channel 6 is closed by a bottom of the channel conveying 10. The bottom of the conveying channel 10 is produced in the form of a sheet metal plate 11 slightly folded downwards,

  which extends from the roller 3 to a sheet metal-

  fixed gangway 12, which provides the transition between the collecting device 5 and the bottom of the conveying channel 10. On the collection side, the bottom of the conveying channel 10 is connected on each side with the fixed sheet metal gateway 12 by means of a lever pivoting 13. The bottom of the conveying channel is articulated on both sides on the pivoting lever 13 by lugs 14. One of the pivoting lever segments 15 is produced in the form of a pair of collars and attached

  in order to be able to pivot on a sheet metal console-

  gangway 12 by each time a tenon 16. The other pivoting lever segment 17 is connected to the piston rod 18 of a hydraulic cylinder 19 whose side of the cylinder 20 is articulated to the press frame 21. A tension spring 22 is arranged on both sides between the lug 14 and the housing of the compression space 21 and maintains the bottom of the conveying channel 10 in the normal position 23 shown in FIG. 1. On the side of the compression space, the bottom of the conveying channel 10 is connected on both sides by a respective hydraulic cylinder 24 with the housing of the fixed compression space 21. The pins 14 form a pivot axis around which the bottom of the conveying channel 10 can be folded completely, if necessary, by means of the

hydraulic cylinder 24.

  The bottom of the conveying channel 10 has slots in the form of oblong holes, arranged at a distance from each other, in the sheet metal plate 11, and in these slots engage the blades 25, which, in their cutting position 26 pivoted in the conveying channel 6 form a device

  cutting with the conveyor rotor 7.

  Each blade 25 is carried at one end by a carrying shaft 27 fixedly housed, but so as to be able to pivot, in the bottom of the conveying channel 10, and is connected at its other end respectively by a crank arm 28 with a shaft blade pivoting 29, which is also fixedly housed but so that it can rotate in the bottom of the conveying channel 10 and can be pivoted by means of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 30, in order to pivot the blades around the axis of the bearing shaft 27, more or less in

  the conveying channel 6, and to keep them in position.

  The embodiment of a drive shaft 31 of the conveying rotor 7 in the form of a torque measuring device 32 is best shown in FIG. 3. The conveying rotor 7 consists essentially of the shaft drive 31, a tooth carrying tube 33, and teeth 8 fixed on the tooth carrying tube 33. The drive shaft 31, inside the tooth carrying tube 33, is made continuous, and is connected on one side, in a torsionally resistant manner, with the tooth-carrying tube, while the other side is housed so as to be able to rotate in a hub connected to the tooth-carrying tube 33, so that a torsional distance is formed between the hub 35 and the point of attachment 36 of the drive shaft 31 to the tooth-carrying tube 33. The ends 37, 38 of the drive shaft 31 protrude in the axial direction relative to the tooth-carrying tube 33, with a space, and are housed so as to be able to rotate in walls the of the housing of the compression space 21, via a respective bearing 39, 40. On the side of the drive shaft 31 which is housed so as to be able to rotate relative to the tooth-carrying tube 33, a chain wheel 41 is arranged to drive the conveying rotor 7, via a chain transmission not shown. On both sides of the drive shaft 31 is fixed a disc 42, 43, provided for example with hole templates 44. In the untwisted state of the drive shaft 31, the hole templates of the two discs 42, 43 are aligned, the alignment line being parallel to the center line of the drive shaft 31. Each disc 42, 43 is a measurement value sensor 45, 46, for example a fixed inductive proximity sensor , operating without contact; the discs can be offset from each other, in the direction of the periphery, so that for a predefined twist angle, one of the sensors 45, 46 produces a signal which is used to control functions of the

  blades 25 and / or the bottom of the conveying channel 10.

  The actuation of the blades and the actuation of the bottom of the conveying channel are represented in an open hydraulic system. The drive of the hydraulic cylinder 19, 24, 30 is produced by a hydraulic pump 47 provided with a reservoir 48, with the interposition of an electro-hydraulic adjustment valve 49, for example a distributor, which is electromagnetically controlled by a control unit , as a function of the torque of the conveying rotor 7, which torque is detected by the sensors 45, 46 which are in active relation with the control unit 50, via electrical lines. Torque setpoints can be predefined by an entry

51 of the control unit.

  In the context of the invention, it is basically also possible to control a distributor directly by the measurement value sensor, because in the invention, it is not the absolute measurement values of the teeth that count, but of the measurement points. load of the conveyor rotor 7

  presettable all at once, for example by calibration.

  If the overload is removed, the controlled elements then automatically take, for example by means of the energy accumulator 22, their normal position 23 shown in FIG. 1. In addition, within the framework of the invention, the rotor of conveyor 7 can be controlled as a function, for example, of its drive power or other load-dependent parameters, instead of

  lowering the bottom of the conveying channel 10.

  The operation of the conveyor is as follows: In normal operation, the bottom of the conveyor channel 10 and the blades 25 assume the positions 23, 26 shown in FIG. 1, so that the straw transported by the collecting device 5 in the compression space 1 in the direction of arrow 52 is cut. A torque setpoint is entered into the control unit 50. If the actual torque value, measured by the sensors, 46 exceeds the setpoint, the control unit 50 controls the adjustment valve 49 so that the hydraulic cylinder 19 lowers the bottom of the conveying channel 10 on the pick-up side, as it appears in FIG. 2, so that the resistance to the conveying is reduced, which is enough to avoid small overloads. If a relatively large increase in torque is signaled to the control device 50, the control device 50 causes a lowering of the bottom of the conveying channel 10 and a simultaneous pivoting of the blades 25 in the positions 34 shown in FIG. 2. Intermediate positions are also possible depending on the actual value of the torque which is indicated, that is to say that in the event of blockage by foreign bodies, therefore torque peaks, the blades 25 can be completely folded back and / or the bottom of the conveying channel 10 can be completely folded up by means of the hydraulic cylinder 24 on the side of the compression space, so that

  that foreign bodies can easily be removed.

  In the majority of cases, the lowering of the bottom of the conveying channel 10 as a function of the torque, on the collection side, and possibly a slight pivoting towards the outside of the blades 25 is sufficient to compensate for the irregularities of the feeding which occur in practice. , so that it is possible to work without disturbances, that is to say without engorgement or overload, and this without complicating the

handling.

Claims (11)

  1. Conveyor intended for / mounted on agricultural harvesting vehicles, in particular agricultural bale presses, composed of a collecting device (5) for collecting straw and a conveying channel (6) attached thereto and opening into the compression space (1) of the baler, the conveying channel (6) being limited upwards by a fixed scraper device (9), traversed by conveying teeth (8) of a conveying rotor (7) which can be driven, and downwards, by a conveying channel bottom (10) which can be automatically lowered, in the event of overload, with respect to the conveying rotor (7) and traversed by a plurality blades (25), said conveyor channel bottom automatically returning to its normal position after elimination of the overload, characterized in that means (13, 19, 22, 32, 49, 50) are provided for lowering the bottom the conveying channel (10) as a function of the preset load of the conveying rotor (7 ), in its starting zone, in the vicinity of the pick-up device (5), and below the starting point for the insertion of the conveying teeth (8) and / or for pivoting the blades (25)   downwards, out of the bottom of the conveying channel (10).   2. Conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the conveying channel (10) can be lowered parallel to itself.   3. Conveyor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom of the conveying channel (10) is further configured so that it can be folded at its end   close to the compression space (1).   4. Conveyor according to one of claims 1 to 3,   characterized in that said means have at least one torque measuring device (32) for the driving torque or the driving power of the conveying rotor (7), from which the control of the drive is derived, directly or indirectly lowering or folding   conveying channel bottom (10) and / or blades (25).   5. Conveyor according to one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the conveying rotor (7) has inside a tooth-carrying tube (33) a continuous drive shaft (31), itself produced in the form of a torque measurement shaft.   6. Conveyor according to claim 5, characterized in that the drive shaft (31) is connected at one end, in a torsion-resistant manner, to the tooth-carrying tube (33) and is housed by the other end so as to be able to rotate relative to the tooth carrying tube (33), each end (37, 38) of the drive shaft (31) being connected in a torsion-resistant manner to a toothed wheel (42, 43) , a perforated wheel or the like, with which a measurement value sensor (45, 46) is associated each time   fixed and operating without contact.   7. Conveyor according to one or more of the claims   previous, characterized in that the drive of the conveyor rotor (7) occurs on the side of the drive shaft (31) which is housed so that it can   turn relative to the tooth carrying tube (33).   8. Conveyor according to one or more of the claims   previous, characterized in that there is provided a control device which has, in addition to the torque measuring device (32), a control device (50) comprising a comparison between setpoint and actual value and at least one valve control (49) acting on jacks (19, 24, 30) to actuate the bottom of the conveying channel (10) and the blades (25).   9. Conveyor according to one or more of the claims   previous, characterized in that the lowering of the bottom of the conveying channel (10) is coupled directly or indirectly with the pivoting of the blades (25) out of the bottom conveying channel (10).   10. Conveyor according to one or more of the claims   Preceding, characterized in that the lowering of the conveyor channel bottom (10) and the pivoting of the blades (25) out of the conveyor channel bottom (10) occur simultaneously.   11. Conveyor according to one or more of the claims   previous, characterized in that, instead of the lowering of the conveying channel (10), the conveying rotor (7) is raised.