FR2682589A1 - Trochlear element for femoral/knee ball prosthesis - Google Patents
Trochlear element for femoral/knee ball prosthesis Download PDFInfo
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- FR2682589A1 FR2682589A1 FR9112751A FR9112751A FR2682589A1 FR 2682589 A1 FR2682589 A1 FR 2682589A1 FR 9112751 A FR9112751 A FR 9112751A FR 9112751 A FR9112751 A FR 9112751A FR 2682589 A1 FR2682589 A1 FR 2682589A1
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- trochlear
- trochlear element
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
- A61F2/3877—Patellae or trochleae
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
ELEMENT TROCHLEEN POUR PROTHESE DE ROTULE FEMORO
PATELLAIRE
La présente invention concerne un élément trochléen pour prothèse de rotule fémoro-patellaire.TROCHLEEN ELEMENT FOR FEMORO BALL JOINT PROSTHESIS
PATELLAR
The present invention relates to a trochlear element for a femoro-patellar patella prosthesis.
On connaît la prothèse totale trochléo-patellaire du genou, proposée dans le brevet FR-2 521 421, et qui comprend essentiellement un élément trochléen en forme de secteur de segment de tore tubulaire, destiné à être scellé aux lieu et place de la trochlée intercondylienne atteinte, de manière à présenter à la rotule une surface d'appui torique dont la section longitudinale est convexe et la section transverse concave. Dans la technique opératoire développée pour l'implantation de cette prothèse, il est prévu que l'élément trochléen soit scellé sans ciment de liaison à l'os, son maintien à la base du fémur, entre les deux condyles, étant en effet obtenu, d'une part, par l'intermédiaire de deux broches lisses fixées au droit de la face interne dudit élément trochléen pour venir s'enfoncer dans des trous d'ancrage percés à la partie supérieure de la trochlée, et, d'autre part, par le biais d'une dizaine de petites pointes inférieures, orientées vers le bas et en arrière, qui viennent se ficher dans la corticale du fémur à la partie inférieure de la rainure condylo-trochléenne. We know the total trochleo-patellar knee prosthesis, proposed in patent FR-2 521 421, and which essentially comprises a trochlear element in the form of a sector of tubular torus segment, intended to be sealed in place of the intercondylar trochlea. reached, so as to present to the ball a toric bearing surface whose longitudinal section is convex and the cross section concave. In the operating technique developed for the implantation of this prosthesis, it is provided that the trochlear element is sealed without cement binding to the bone, its retention at the base of the femur, between the two condyles, being in fact obtained, on the one hand, by means of two smooth pins fixed to the right of the internal face of said trochlear element to sink into anchor holes drilled in the upper part of the trochlea, and, on the other hand, by means of a dozen small lower points, oriented downwards and backwards, which are inserted into the cortex of the femur at the lower part of the condylo-trochlear groove.
La prothèse fémoro-patellaire ainsi conçue présente des inconvénients notables, tant du point de vue de sa longévité, que du point de vue de son mode d'implantation en reconstitution de trochlée. On a pu, en particulier, mettre en évidence les défauts suivants
- la fixation de l'élément trochléen par le biais de broches lisses et de pointes courtes, telle que décrite plus haut, n'assure pas une liaison satisfaisante et durable de cet élément avec la base du fémur. A cet égard, la densité osseuse au niveau de la rainure condylotrochléenne est très faible et elle se prête donc mal à l'implantation de pointes courtes introduites par un simple impactage, ce qui est le cas dans la technique opératoire développée dans le brevet déjà cité. En outre, la surface complètement lisse des broches de fixation de l'élément trochléen ne favorise pas un maintien ferme dudit élément, ce qui en réduit la longévité.The femoro-patellar prosthesis thus designed has notable drawbacks, both from the point of view of its longevity, and from the point of view of its mode of implantation in reconstruction of the trochlea. We were able, in particular, to highlight the following faults
- The fixation of the trochlear element by means of smooth pins and short tips, as described above, does not ensure a satisfactory and lasting connection of this element with the base of the femur. In this respect, the bone density at the level of the condylotrochlear groove is very low and it therefore does not lend itself well to the implantation of short tips introduced by a simple impacting, which is the case in the operating technique developed in the already cited patent. . In addition, the completely smooth surface of the fixing pins of the trochlear element does not promote firm maintenance of said element, which reduces its longevity.
- la longueur développée vers le haut de l'élément trochléen est trop faible, ce qui provoque un ressaut entre cet élément et la partie supérieure de la trochlée or, comme la rotule, dans les mouvements d'extension du genou, remonte assez haut entre les deux condyles, ce ressaut occasionne une usure excessive de la surface articulaire de la rotule, ou, du moins, du médaillon rotulien implanté sur la face interne de la même rotule pour coopérer avec l'élément trochléen. - the length developed towards the top of the trochlear element is too short, which causes a jump between this element and the upper part of the trochlea or, like the patella, in the knee extension movements, goes up quite high between both condyles, this projection causes excessive wear of the articular surface of the patella, or, at least, of the patellar medallion implanted on the internal face of the same patella to cooperate with the trochlear element.
- enfin, il est difficile de positionner exactement l'élément trochléen à une hauteur correcte entre les deux condyles, car aucun repère de l'échancrure intercondylienne n'est prévu, ni sur cet élément trochléen, ni sur le gabarit servant au perçage des trous d'ancrage des broches. - finally, it is difficult to exactly position the trochlear element at a correct height between the two condyles, because no mark of the intercondylar notch is provided, neither on this trochlear element, nor on the template used for drilling holes anchor pins.
La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un élément trochléen pour prothèse de rotule fémoro-patellaire, comprenant une partie inférieure torique susceptible de répondre à la surface articulaire de la rotule, ou d'un médaillon rotulien prothétique remplaçant cette surface articulaire, ledit élément trochléen étant caractérisé, d'une part, en ce que ladite partie inférieure torique est prolongée vers le haut par un appendice antéro-supérieur, sensiblement plan, venant épouser la partie supérieure de la trochlée naturelle, et, d'autre part, en ce que ladite partie inférieure torique est prolongée, dans son plan équatorial, par un ergot recourbé vers le haut pour venir s'accrocher au sommet de l'échancrure intercondylienne, sous la face inférieure du fémur. The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a trochlear element for a femoro-patellar patella prosthesis, comprising a lower toric part capable of responding to the articular surface of the patella, or of a prosthetic patellar medallion replacing this articular surface, said trochlear element being characterized, on the one hand, in that said lower toric part is extended upwards by an antero-superior appendage, substantially planar, coming to marry the upper part of the natural trochlea, and, on the other hand, in that said lower toric part is extended, in its equatorial plane, by a lug bent upwards so as to hang on the top of the intercondylar notch, under the lower face of the femur.
Une telle configuration de l'élément trochléen présente des avantages importants sur les solutions préexistantes, notamment sur celle préconisée dans le brevet déjà cité. Tout d'abord, l'appendice antéro-supérieur, en prolongeant l'élément trochléen vers le haut de la trochlée naturelle, facilite l'engagement de la rotule, et élimine le ressaut générateur d'usure. Ensuite, l'ergot aménagé à l'autre extrémité de l'élément trochléen constitue un repère de l'échancrure intercondylienne permettant de ne pas fixer trop bas l'élément trochléen sur le fémur. Cet ergot contribue également au blocage de l'élément trochléen dans le sens longitudinal. Such a configuration of the trochlear element has significant advantages over the pre-existing solutions, in particular over that recommended in the patent already cited. First of all, the antero-superior appendage, by extending the trochlear element towards the top of the natural trochlea, facilitates the engagement of the patella, and eliminates the projection generating wear. Then, the lug arranged at the other end of the trochlear element constitutes a landmark of the intercondylar notch making it possible not to fix the trochlear element too low on the femur. This lug also contributes to the blocking of the trochlear element in the longitudinal direction.
A cet égard, il est proposé, selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, que les moyens de fixation de l'élément trochléen sur le fémur soient constitués, d'une part, par un jeu d'au moins deux agrafes parallèles entre elles, pourvues d'éléments anti-retour, et qui sont portées par la face interne de la partie inférieure torique dudit élément trochléen, et, d'autre part, par une vis fixée au travers de son appendice antéro-supérieur de manière à ce que les directions de l'axe desdites agrafes et de ladite vis, une fois en place, fassent un angle obtus. In this regard, it is proposed, according to another characteristic of the invention, that the means for fixing the trochlear element on the femur be constituted, on the one hand, by a set of at least two staples parallel to each other , provided with non-return elements, and which are carried by the internal face of the lower toric part of said trochlear element, and, on the other hand, by a screw fixed through its antero-superior appendage so that the directions of the axis of said staples and of said screw, once in place, make an obtuse angle.
Normalement, le nombre d'agrafes sera limité à deux. Normally, the number of staples will be limited to two.
Dans ce cas, l'élément trochléen comporte donc un système de fixation à quatre points, à savoir
- l'ergot intercondylien, qui contribue au blocage longitudinal,
- les deux agrafes, munies de leurs éléments antiretour pour empêcher tout retrait hors de la corticale,
- et enfin la vis, dont l'angle avec les agrafes assure un blocage efficace et durable de l'élément trochléen, puisqu'un effort d'arrachement exercé dans l'axe de ladite vis renforcerait l'ancrage des agrafes, et réciproquement.In this case, the trochlear element therefore comprises a four-point fixing system, namely
- the intercondylar lug, which contributes to longitudinal blocking,
- the two clips, fitted with their non-return elements to prevent any withdrawal from the cortex,
- And finally the screw, whose angle with the staples ensures effective and lasting blocking of the trochlear element, since a tearing force exerted in the axis of said screw would strengthen the anchoring of the staples, and vice versa.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation d'un élément trochléen pour prothèse fémoro-patellaire donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif en référence au dessin annexé sur lequel
- la figure 1 est une coupe sagittale paramédiane externe du genou, montrant l'élément trochléen implanté,
- la figure 2 est une vue en perspective antéropostérieure dudit élément trochléen. Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of a trochlear element for femoro-patellar prosthesis given by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the appended drawing in which
FIG. 1 is a sagittal external paramedian section of the knee, showing the implanted trochlear element,
- Figure 2 is an anteroposterior perspective view of said trochlear element.
L'élément trochléen 1 représenté sur les figures est formé de trois segments reliés les uns aux autres d'une manière continue, à savoir
- une partie inférieure torique 2, de forme connue, reconstituant la surface de la trochlée atteinte, et dont les petits et grands rayons de courbure sont aussi proches que possible de ceux de la trochlée naturelle ; cette partie inférieure torique 2 est en rapport avec la surface articulaire à facettes de la rotule 3, ou, plus généralement, avec un médaillon rotulien prothétique 3a, normalement en polyéthylène haute densité, dont la surface de contact est convexe.The trochlear element 1 shown in the figures is formed of three segments connected to each other in a continuous manner, namely
- a lower toric part 2, of known shape, reconstituting the surface of the affected trochlea, and whose small and large radii of curvature are as close as possible to those of the natural trochlea; this lower toric part 2 is in relation to the faceted articular surface of the patella 3, or, more generally, with a prosthetic patellar medallion 3a, normally made of high density polyethylene, the contact surface of which is convex.
- un appendice antéro-supérieur 4, sensiblement plan, venant épouser la partie supérieure de la trochlée naturelle, et prolongeant par conséquent ladite partie inférieure torique 2 vers le haut du fémur. - An antero-superior appendage 4, substantially planar, coming to marry the upper part of the natural trochlea, and consequently extending said lower toric part 2 towards the top of the femur.
- un ergot 5, recourbé vers le haut pour venir s'accrocher au sommet de l'échancrure intercondylienne 6, sous la face inférieure du fémur. De ce fait, cet ergot 5 est situé dans le plan équatorial de la partie inférieure torique 2 de l'élément trochléen 1, soit encore, une fois en place, dans le plan sagittal paramédian externe du genou (Cf. figure 1). - A lug 5, bent upwards to hang on the top of the intercondylar notch 6, under the underside of the femur. Therefore, this lug 5 is located in the equatorial plane of the lower toric part 2 of the trochlear element 1, that is to say, once again in place, in the external paramedian sagittal plane of the knee (cf. FIG. 1).
Dans la variante représentée sur les figures, deux agrafes 7 se dressent sur la face interne de la partie inférieure torique 2, sensiblement dans la direction d'un rayon du cercle formé par le fond de gorge de ladite partie torique 2, ce rayon étant choisi pour être parallèle au plan quasiment vertical de l'appendice antérosupérieur 4. En outre, suivant une caractéristique complémentaire de l'invention, les agrafes 7 sont taillées à leur extrémité sous la forme d'un biseau 8, qui présente au moins une face inclinée tournée à l'encontre de l'appendice antéro-supérieur 4 de sorte que, au cours de l'enfoncement desdites agrafes 7 dans la corticale, ces dernières aient tendance à s'écarter de leur axe tout en plaquant fermement ledit appendice 4 contre la trochlée naturelle du fémur. In the variant shown in the figures, two clips 7 stand on the internal face of the lower toric part 2, substantially in the direction of a radius of the circle formed by the groove bottom of said toric part 2, this radius being chosen to be parallel to the almost vertical plane of the anterosuperior appendage 4. In addition, according to a complementary characteristic of the invention, the staples 7 are cut at their end in the form of a bevel 8, which has at least one inclined face turned against the antero-superior appendix 4 so that, during the insertion of said staples 7 into the cortex, the latter tend to deviate from their axis while firmly pressing said appendage 4 against the natural trochlea of the femur.
Ces agrafes 7 sont, en outre, pourvues d'éléments anti-retours 9, du type de barbelures, d'ardillons ou analogues, dont le rôle est d'interdire le retrait desdites agrafes 7 hors de la corticale. These staples 7 are, moreover, provided with non-return elements 9, of the type of barbs, barbs or the like, the role of which is to prohibit the withdrawal of said staples 7 from the cortex.
Enfin, suivant l'invention, l'appendice antérosupérieur 4 est percé d'un trou 10 à son extrémité supérieure de manière à ce qu'une vis 11 puisse être fixée au travers de la trochlée suivant un angle A supérieur ou égal à 90". Le trou 10 est muni d'un lamage servant de logement à la tête de la vis 11 qui, dans la variante représentée, est une tête fraisée plate venant affleurée, une fois en place, la surface lisse de l'appendice antérosupérieur 4, ceci afin de ne pas gêner le déplacement de la rotule 3, ou du médaillon rotulien prothétique 3a sur cette surface. Bien entendu, ce mode d'exécution n'est pas limitatif, et tout autre système de fixation permettant de noyer la tête de la vis 11, dans l'épaisseur de l'appendice antéro-supérieur 4, conviendrait. Finally, according to the invention, the anterosuperior appendage 4 is pierced with a hole 10 at its upper end so that a screw 11 can be fixed through the trochlea at an angle A greater than or equal to 90 " The hole 10 is provided with a counterbore serving as a housing for the head of the screw 11 which, in the variant shown, is a flat countersunk head coming flush, once in place, the smooth surface of the anterosuperior appendage 4, This is so as not to hinder the movement of the patella 3, or of the prosthetic patellar medallion 3a on this surface. Of course, this embodiment is not limiting, and any other fixing system making it possible to drown the head of the screw 11, in the thickness of the antero-superior appendage 4, would be suitable.
La technique opératoire de mise en place de l'élément trochléen 1 ainsi réalisé est très simple : le genou ouvert étant positionné en flexion maximale, et après dégagement de la rotule 3, un gabarit reproduisant l'élément trochléen 1 est positionné, grâce à son ergot intercondylien, très précisément entre les deux condyles fémoraux. Ce gabarit sert à pratiquer deux pré-trous pour les agrafes 7 destinées à maintenir l'élément trochléen 1 sur le fémur. Ces pré-trous étant faits, on enfonce au marteau les agrafes 7 qui, en raison de leur biseau 8 terminal, ont tendance à plaquer l'appendice antérosupérieur 4 contre la trochlée naturelle qui a précédemment été dégagée (ce qui est une opération classique). Dans le même temps, l'ergot 5 vient se loger sous la face inférieure du fémur, juste derrière l'échancrure intercondylienne 6. Enfin, l'élément trochléen étant correctement et fermement plaqué contre la trochlée, on met la vis 11 qui vient définitivement bloquer l'ensemble. The operating technique for placing the trochlear element 1 thus produced is very simple: the open knee being positioned in maximum flexion, and after release of the ball joint 3, a template reproducing the trochlear element 1 is positioned, thanks to its intercondylar lug, very precisely between the two femoral condyles. This template is used to make two pre-holes for the staples 7 intended to hold the trochlear element 1 on the femur. These pre-holes having been made, the staples 7 are hammered in which, because of their terminal bevel 8, tend to press the anterosuperior appendage 4 against the natural trochlea which has previously been released (which is a conventional operation) . At the same time, the lug 5 is housed under the underside of the femur, just behind the intercondylar notch 6. Finally, the trochlear element being correctly and firmly pressed against the trochlea, we put the screw 11 which comes definitively block the assembly.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR9112751A FR2682589B1 (en) | 1991-10-16 | 1991-10-16 | TROCHLEEN ELEMENT FOR PROSTHESIS OF FEMORO-PATELLAR BALL JOINT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9112751A FR2682589B1 (en) | 1991-10-16 | 1991-10-16 | TROCHLEEN ELEMENT FOR PROSTHESIS OF FEMORO-PATELLAR BALL JOINT. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2682589A1 true FR2682589A1 (en) | 1993-04-23 |
FR2682589B1 FR2682589B1 (en) | 1994-04-01 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR9112751A Expired - Lifetime FR2682589B1 (en) | 1991-10-16 | 1991-10-16 | TROCHLEEN ELEMENT FOR PROSTHESIS OF FEMORO-PATELLAR BALL JOINT. |
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Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2740326A1 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1997-04-30 | Osteal Medical Lab | Surgical knee prosthesis |
FR2740325A1 (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-04-30 | Rousseau Jacques Marie | Femoral patellar articulation prosthesis |
EP1265559A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2002-12-18 | Kinamed, Inc. | A custom replacement device for resurfacing a femur and method of making the same |
EP1550419A3 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-07-27 | Zimmer Technology, Inc. | Tethered implant systems with fastener for mounting on an articulation surface of an orthopedic joint |
EP1955676A1 (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2008-08-13 | Zimmer Technology, Inc. | Femoral trochlea prostheses |
EP1955677A3 (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2008-09-10 | Zimmer Technology, Inc. | Femoral trochlea prostheses |
US7462199B2 (en) | 2003-12-30 | 2008-12-09 | Medicinelodge, Inc. | Methods for mounting a tibial condylar implant |
ES2315044A1 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2009-03-16 | Medicinalodge, Inc | Modular femoral components for knee arthroplasty |
EP1864629A3 (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2009-05-20 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Flexible joint implant |
GB2437659B (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2009-07-15 | Medicinelodge Inc | Trochlear groove implants and related methods and instruments |
US7578824B2 (en) | 2003-12-30 | 2009-08-25 | Zimmer, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for forming a tunnel through a proximal end of a tibia |
US7695477B2 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2010-04-13 | Zimmer, Inc. | Milling system and methods for resecting a joint articulation surface |
US7727239B2 (en) | 2005-06-10 | 2010-06-01 | Zimmer Technology, Inc. | Milling system with guide paths and related methods for resecting a joint articulation surface |
US7806898B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2010-10-05 | Zimmer, Inc. | Modular guide systems and related rasps and methods for resecting a joint articulation surface |
US7819878B2 (en) | 2003-12-30 | 2010-10-26 | Zimmer, Inc. | Tibial condylar hemiplasty tissue preparation instruments and methods |
WO2011005209A1 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-13 | Milux Holding S.A. | Knee joint device and method |
US8048163B2 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2011-11-01 | Zimmer, Inc. | Knee arthroplasty prosthesis |
US8157867B2 (en) | 2004-07-09 | 2012-04-17 | Zimmer, Inc. | Trochlear groove implants and related methods and instruments |
WO2013124657A1 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-29 | Orthomed (Uk) Limited | Prosthetic devices and implants |
US8562608B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2013-10-22 | Zimmer, Inc. | Patello-femoral milling system |
USD749736S1 (en) | 2012-02-24 | 2016-02-16 | Orthomed (Uk) Limited | Prosthetic device |
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US7615081B2 (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2009-11-10 | Zimmer, Inc. | Femoral components for knee arthroplasty |
US7150761B2 (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2006-12-19 | Medicinelodge, Inc. | Modular femoral components for knee arthroplasty |
US7922772B2 (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2011-04-12 | Zimmer, Inc. | Implants and related methods and apparatus for securing an implant on an articulating surface of an orthopedic joint |
US20040102852A1 (en) | 2002-11-22 | 2004-05-27 | Johnson Erin M. | Modular knee prosthesis |
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Cited By (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2740325A1 (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-04-30 | Rousseau Jacques Marie | Femoral patellar articulation prosthesis |
FR2740326A1 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1997-04-30 | Osteal Medical Lab | Surgical knee prosthesis |
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