FR2567841A1 - PLATFORM CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM COMPRISING PREFABRICATED WALL AND ROOF PANELS FOR VESSELS AND SIMILAR BODIES - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A SYSTEM FOR CONSTRUCTING SHIPS. ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION, THE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF PREFABRICATED RECTANGULAR WALL AND COVER PANELS 12, 16; THE CONTIGUOUS WALL PANELS 12 ARE CONNECTED TO ONE TO THE OTHERS; ON THE UPPER EDGES OF THE WALL PANELS 12 ARE REVERTED U-SECTION TRACKS 13 WHERE THE COVER PANELS 16 ARE RETAINED; THE RAILS 13 HAVE ON THEIR SIDE BRANCHES, STOP AND SUPPORT ORGANS 14A, 14B; 15A, 15B; 15B FOR THE COVER PANELS 16 OR ON THEIR JUNCTION CORE, STOPS 17 FOR THE COVER JUNCTION PANELS EXTENDING BETWEEN TWO WALL PANELS 12 FACE TO FACE AND AT A CERTAIN DISTANCE, WHICH AFTER FITTING IN PLACE ON THE STOPPERS 17 OF THE WALL PANELS, INSURE THEM AGAINST TIPPING. THE INVENTION APPLIES IN PARTICULAR TO CONSTRUCTION.

Description

1 2567841

  The present invention relates to a system for building holds or compartments for ships and similar bodies, consisting of prefabricated rectangular panels, advantageously of the same width for the walls and the roof, o adjacent wall panels are connected to each other and to the edges Upper wall panels are provided with inverted U-section rails with support members protruding from the wall panels, provided at the lower ends of the side branches, and where the roof panels are held. By bodies in the sense of the present invention, one can understand, among other things, off-shore units (offshore units) as well as buildings such as hotels, office buildings, etc. Wedge or compartment construction systems for ships are known in various embodiments. For example, the German patent

  12 83 113 discloses a shim or compartment for a ship.

  made of prefabricated wall and roof panels, o a cage-like frame construction is provided in special profiles, for locking

  elastic, wall and roof panels.

  In the known hold or compartment of a vessel, it is necessary to secure a section of the profile to a bridge above it, so that the locked wall panels are kept in complete safety and are

  also insured against a rollover during assembly.

  The arrangement of supports between the wall panels and the bridge or overhead is however disadvantageous because, on the one hand, the structure noise is conducted from one roof to the next and due to variations in dimensions. tolt or ceiling, the production of the frame construction in

  Cage shape represents a costly constructive measure.

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  On the other hand, the object of the present invention is to create a shim or compartment for a ship of the type named above, which can be installed without costly previous measurement of foundation and assembly, quickly and without problems, but which at the same time it is very stable both during assembly and after completion, so that when the ship is used, it can respond fully to the significant loads that arise. To solve this problem, it is envisaged, according to the invention, that the inverted U-section rails inserted at the upper edges of the wall panels and / or where appropriate T-shaped wall pieces, have, on their lateral branches, at a distance above the support members, stop members for the upper side of the roof panels and / or on their connecting rib, stop means for joining roof panels extending between two panels wall-mounted walls at a distance, and which, after being put in place on the stop means of the two wall panels facing each other, ensure the latter against a reversal and the

  maintain at a defined distance.

  Due to this configuration, the support between the upper edges of the wall panels and the roof above can be removed. Similarly, there is no danger that the wall panels mounted one after the other may overturn during assembly, because the junction roof panels provided according to the invention maintain, in a secure manner, in a vertical position , wall panels placed vis-à-vis. It is also particularly advantageous that in this way the conduct of structural noise between the roofs or decks above and the ship's hold is completely interrupted. It suffices to provide recovery panels and the corresponding stop means on the

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  inverted U-shaped profiles only on a wall panel or a few wall panels of a block and on the length, to

  about the distance from the wall of a hold that leaves.

  It is particularly advantageous that all supply and / or discharge devices to be provided on the roof or deck are arranged on the junction roof panels. The supply and / or discharge devices belong to the lighting bodies, the openings for supplying the air conditioning air or the exhaust air outlet, the extinguisher nozzles, smoke indicators, etc. All of these devices requiring supply and departure lines are concentrated, according to the invention, in or respectively on the junction roof panels, so that overall, there are roof panels carrying devices purely passive and by no means technical, and at appropriate points, there are junction roof panels, which

  contain the necessary technical devices.

  The advantage of this distribution of functions lies in the fact that the cutting of openings or the drilling of holes after or during the assembly of the roof panels can be avoided. In addition, all devices necessary for the technical functions are provided in advance in the junction roof panels between which it is necessary

  simply lay out the purely passive roof panels.

  A preferred constructive embodiment is configured such that the supply and / or discharge devices are disposed in the center piece of the junction roof panels. In addition, it must in particular be provided that the end pieces of the junction roof panels located near the central part have at least partially the shape of hatches which can

to be open from below.

  In that the supply and discharge devices are concentrated in the central zone of the junction roof panels, there are lateral or extreme zones for the installation of hatches through which extraction openings can be left free. , which allow access to the concentrated supply and discharge devices in the middle or respectively to the pipes towards them. This has special significance in the case of repairs and

also for inspection.

  Junction tott panels according to the invention have, in addition to their functions of junction or mechanical connection means now wall panels vis-à-vis, the task of receiving all the necessary supply and discharge systems in the roof area, to which the loudspeakers, for example, may also belong. The roof panels of connection or junction of autonomous configuration have for example a width of 500 to 600 mm and

  a length of up to about 3 m.

  It is particularly advantageous that the joining tolerance panels can be telescopically extended. The telescopic extension zone should preferably be dimensioned so that each junction roof panel can be

  adjustable over a length of i to 3 m.

  Advantageously, two types of junction roof panels are provided, that is to say a crossing junction tolt panel which is only intended for the reception of lighting bodies, indicator panels or loudspeakers and presents a length corresponding to the passage width of about 750 to 1500 mm. The width of this type of junction board is about three times the thickness of the wallboard, i.e. about 150 mm. These dimensions are sufficient for the installation of lighting bodies, signposts

and speakers.

  The type of junction roof panel provided for the establishment of living quarters has usefully the dimensions indicated above, that is to say

  a length of 1 to 3 m and a width of 500 to 600 mm.

  An advantageous constructive embodiment is characterized in that the junction roof panels are configured, at their ends, partly with upside-down turned rails, and the stop means of the inverted U-section rails have the shape additional stop slots of the returned rail portions. It is also useful for the support members to be support brackets directed outward to

  the lower end of the inverted U-section rails.

  In this embodiment, the reversed rail portion must extend to the support bracket, to

  down, and rest there with an outward projection.

  This gives a particularly secure hold of

  junction roof panels on wall panels.

  An advantageous constructive solution is characterized by the fact that the end pieces are above the outward projection and the hatches are flush with the outward projection. Advantageously, three types of U-shaped section rails are provided. A first type of an inverted U-section rail must, according to the invention, be provided with the support bracket and an abutment bracket in the form of an abutment member, at a distance from the thickness of the roof panel. This type is used to hold passive roof panels. In this type of inverted U-section rail, the stopping slots can also be provided on the wall panels for reasons of stability or respectively for the definition of the

exact position.

  For the insertion of the roof panels for a specific ship hold, a second type of an inverted U-section rail without a support bracket shall be provided, however, with the stop brackets. It is also useful that for this second type of an inverted U-section rail, there is provided an interlocking bracket that can be placed in the place of the support bracket, and which can be connected to the section rail. inverted U adjacent to the support bracket by means of a latch. Before the interlocking bracket is placed underneath, the various roof panels can be placed in the corresponding position from below, until they abut against the stop brackets. Then they can be moved horizontally, to their position of

  in one direction or the other.

  A third type of an inverted U-section rail must simply be provided with the stop slot and the support bracket on at least one side and advantageously on both sides of the wall panel. This particularly important type is used for receiving

  junction or connection wrong panels.

  Whereas in the case of known wall panels, the opposite lateral edges are generally configured as a mirror image, to ensure a secure junction, or have complicated locking mechanisms, the present invention creates a ship's hold or contiguous lateral edges. wall panels have identical stop elements and one or more intermediate parts distributed over the height pull against each other or respectively maintain the adjacent wall panels against each other. In this way, the wall panels can be simply set up in two positions offset by 180 about the vertical axis; a distinction between the right and the left or the left and the right is no longer necessary with this wall panel according to the invention. Complicated locking mechanisms in the wall panels are avoided, because for joining, it is expected

special intermediate pieces.

  An advantageous constructive embodiment of this inventive idea lies in the fact that the lateral edges have, at vertical distances, vertical slots as stop elements and that the intermediate piece has hooks of corresponding shape. Furthermore, in a useful manner, the hooks on one side facing a side panel must be directed downwards and the hooks on the side opposite be

directed upwards.

  Particularly good stability against bending of the walls consisting of several wall panels in the horizontal direction is obtained by the fact that at a certain height, two vertical slots are arranged side by side and each intermediate piece presents

  each side, two adjacent hooks.

  The vertical slots are advantageously provided at the base of vertical grooves, and the guidance during the assembly of neighboring wall panels is facilitated

by the intermediate pieces.

  For economical manufacture, it is useful that the strip profiles are provided on the lateral edges of the wall panels, where the stop elements are formed. On the one hand to obtain a good stability, and yet to realize on the other hand a light construction, the wall panels and / or the roof panels

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  and / or the bottom panels according to the invention must consist of a light insulating material with a sheet envelope. In this mode of light construction, which is also favorable for the damping of noise, there is however a problem in that the water pipes can not generally be provided inside the wall panels because they do not find a

sufficient support.

  The present invention overcomes this by the fact that water pipes are arranged substantially vertically in one or more wall panels, which have connecting elbows exceeding, at the height of the user, the wall surface, o are i5 fixed reinforcing plates parallel to the surface

  from the wall and arranged inside the wall panels.

  In order to be able to dispose of heavy appliances, to such wall panels, as for example, sinks or cups of cabinet, reinforcing boxes must be arranged inside the wall panels to the

  height of devices to be fixed to the wall panel.

  So that the sanitary spaces in the lower zone of the wall panels are well sealed and that water can not leak into the adjacent spaces, it is further provided, according to the invention, that the wall panels provided for the water blocks have, at the bottom, lateral recesses for receiving a steel coaming on the cover. The watertightness at the bottom of the water-blocks is further obtained by the fact that the sheet-metal envelope extends, from the top, partially into the recess. To improve the watertightness of the wall panels for the sanitary spaces at the lower edge and also to offer this wall panel, in this zone, a high stability, an advantageous constructive embodiment is characterized by the fact that at the bottom edge of the panel wall is arranged a Z-profile sheet whose lower branch forms the lower edge, whose vertical median core forms the inner limit of the recess and whose upper branch forms the limit

upper part of the recess.

  It can further be provided that the two branches have projections respectively directed downwards or upwards for placing on the envelope in

t8le.

  For a simple but nevertheless secure joining of adjacent roof panels, both passive roof panels and also junction roof panels having a technical function, it is provided, according to the invention, that the roof panels have longitudinal portions of U-shaped rails which are open towards each other, or a spring

  junction connecting two neighboring roof panels.

  It is furthermore advantageous that at the lower edge of the wall panels is assigned a substantially U-shaped base or foot profile rail, which externally carries upwardly open grooves, into which inverted projections of the bottom panels enter. In addition, the branches of the U must be slightly curved outwards, to the upper zone, to be able to wedge a skirting

component of synthetic material.

  The invention will be better understood, and other purposes, features, details and advantages thereof

  will become clearer during the description

  explanatory text which will follow with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating several embodiments of the invention, and in which: - Figure 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view, oblique from above, of a arrangement of several ship holds composed by the wedge construction system according to the invention, and lying side by side; FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of three ship holds composed with the system according to the invention, which are contiguous, that is to say a passage, a dwelling and a sanitary room, and on the living quarters and the sanitary premises, the tolerances or covers are represented interrupted; Figure 3 is an oblique schematic perspective view, from below, of a first embodiment of a connecting toft panel or junction according to the invention, for implementation in a passage; - Figure 4 is a perspective view, oblique, from below, of another embodiment of a junction roof panel or connection according to the invention; FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic perspective view from above of the telescopically extensible junction roof panel according to FIG. 3, on an inverted U-section rail according to the invention; - Figure 6 is a diagrammatic sectional view, oblique from above, of a ship block composed of the system according to the invention, in the transition zone of a wall to the cover; FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper zone of a wall panel and of the adjacent zone of the tott panel or adjacent roof with a first type of an inverted U-section rail according to the invention; ; Figure 8 is a schematic sectional view of the upper portion of a wall panel and the adjacent zone of the adjacent wrong panel with a second type of an inverted U-section rail according to the invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper part of a wall panel and of the adjacent zone of a neighboring connection roof panel with a third type of an inverted U-section rail according to FIG. invention; FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of a series of U-section rails reversed to represent the placement of the roof or roof elements; Figure 11 is a schematic side view of a plurality of inverted U-section rails of the three types arranged one behind the other; Fig. 12 is a partial perspective view of the junction area of the long sides of a connecting roof panel and a normal roof panel;

  FIG. 13 is an oblique view in perspective.

  from above, a wall panel according to the invention with

  side edges of identical configuration; -

  FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of an intermediate piece provided for the joining of two wall panels according to FIG. 13; FIG. 15 is a horizontal view through two wall panels connected by means of the intermediate piece according to FIG. 14; - Figure 16 is a schematic perspective view, oblique from above and from the front, of a wall panel according to the invention for a space or sanitary premises of a ship; - Figure 17 is a sectional view taken along the line XVII-XVII of Figure 16; - Figure 18 is a sectional view taken along the line XVIII-XVIII of Figure 16; - Figure 19 is a vertical sectional view of a wall panel provided for a sanitary facility of ship available on the deck of the vessel; - Figure 20 is an enlarged partial perspective view of the wall panel of Figure 19, at its lower part; - Figure 21 is a vertical sectional view of two contiguous cover panels with the connecting means or connection assigned to them; - Figure 22 is a sectional view similar to Figure 21 but however with fire connection means; - Figure 23 is a view similar to Figure 22, however, with the formation of a knuckle bouvetée between two adjacent panels cover; - Figure 24 shows a basic profile rail according to the invention, with bottom panel connected thereto; and FIG. 25 is a vertical sectional view of a wall panel according to the invention with an inverted U-section rail and a basic profile rail, as well as roof or roof panels and bottom panels.

adjacent.

  In all figures, identical figures

  of reference designate identical parts.

  According to Figure 1, a passage 50 inside a ship is delimited by rectangular wall panels 12 of identical configuration, having a width of 50 to 60 cm and a thickness of about 5 cm, some of which also have a door bay 51 and

  carrying, at the bottom, a basic profiled rail 46.

  In the zones where transverse walls 52 leave in the holds or adjacent compartments

  of the vessel, the wall panels 12 are

  broken by T-section wall or wall pieces 53. The pieces 53 are identical in configuration to the wall panels 12, but they also have a core 54 extending towards the living space, the configuration of which is identical. to that of a wall panel. The width of the wall pieces 53 is related to the

  width of wall panels such as 1: 2.

  On the side edges, upper and lower, the wall pieces 53 are totally configured

identical to wall panels 12.

  According to the invention, the wall pieces 53 are connected to each other by roof panels or junction or connecting cover 18 so that the wall pieces 53 are mechanically held in their vertical position only by means of the cover panels. connection. The connecting cover panels 18 also define the distance of wall pieces facing each other 53. Between the panels 18 are arranged, on the wall panels 12, wrong or cover panels 16 having a width equal to half of

that of wall panels 12.

  Figure 3 shows the roof panel or junction cover 18 of the passage, oblique from below. It has a removable illuminating body 55 and is provided at each of its narrow end faces with an upstanding rail portion 23 which engages in corresponding stop slots in an inverted U-section rail. 13 "on the wall pieces 53, which will be better described for example with reference to Figure 9. The connecting cover panels 18 of the passage have for example a length of 750 to

i 500 mm and a width of 150 mm.

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  On the upper edges of the wall panels 12 are U-shaped reversed section rails 13, 13 'or 13 ", as will be better described below with reference to Figures 7 to 9, and which support all the cover panels 16 and connecting cover panels 18, 18 ', 18 ". Due to the clarity, the cover panels are only partially

represented on passage 50.

  Transversally at the passage 50 and the adjoining residential premises 56 extend, at the bottom, panels adjacents bottom 49 of the same width as the panels

Walls 12.

  As on the transverse walls 52 of neighboring residential premises is provided a wall piece 53, or is provided a connection cover panel 18 carrying a lighting body, we obtain a lighting

sufficient passage.

  The transverse walls 52 of the living quarters 56 are also composed of wall panels 12, which carry their inverted U-section rails 13, 13 ', 13 "1 at their upper edges, narrow cover panels 16 containing no technical devices, and which are partially connected by relatively wide connection cover panels 18 ', in a stable boot form The cover panels 16 consist of a light insulation surrounded by t8le, while the cover panel 18 'has a central piece 20 which contains technical devices such as lighting, air inlet and outlet channels, the two end pieces 20a, 20b have the form of

  hatches 19 opening downwards by which the provisions

  techniques and ducts of the cover panel of

18 'connection are accessible.

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  The connection cover panel 18 'intended for the living quarters 56 is usefully 3 m × 50 to 60 cm in size, and is exactly

as wide as a wall panel 12.

  The cover panels 16 are connected to their contiguous longitudinal edges, in the manner shown more particularly in FIGS. 21 to 23,

by connecting springs 34.

  According to FIG. 2, in a corner of a living room 56, there is furthermore a sanitary room 57 whose configuration will be better described below by

referring to Figures 16 to 20.

  While the wall pieces 53 of the passage 50 are connected by the smaller connecting cover panels 18 containing only the lighting bodies and the walls 52 of the living quarters are connected by the connecting cover panels 18 ' containing the technical devices, being three to four times wider, the wall panel 12 placed near the door bay 51 of the sanitary space 57 is connected to the wall of the living space vis-a-vis 52 by a panel 187 "auxiliary connection cover serving only for connection

  mechanics of two U-shaped reversed 13 "rails.

  To the right of Figure 2, the sanitary space 57 is adjacent a sanitary space 57 'identical forming its mirror image in plan. In the remaining triangular space 57 ", the arrival and departure lines are vertically accommodated, the hatches 12 'indicated in dotted lines in the neighboring wall panels 12 guarantee

the accessibility of the passage 50.

  With the construction of the utilitarian spaces according to FIGS. 1 and 2, it is proceeded so that after placement of the wall pieces 53 or respectively of certain wall panels 12, these are connected to each other by their upper edges, by means of the panels

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  18, 18 'or 18 "respectively, which makes it possible to avoid these walls from being overturned during assembly, then the other wall and roof panels 12, 16 can be mounted without problem, in the way more

particularly described.

  According to FIG. 4, the function connection cover panel 18 'has a substantially rectangular frame 20 in the center piece 20c of which, for example, a lighting body 55, fire extinguisher nozzles 58 and smoke indicators may be arranged. 59. Next to the intermediate piece c are traps 19 which close off the end pieces 20a, 20b but which, however, can be removed.

  for inspection or repair.

  The mainly U-shaped end pieces 20b have branches 22 in the longitudinal direction of the connecting cover panel 18 ', which are movably disposed in longitudinal guides 21 of the intermediate piece 20c, being able to be fixed at various positions. In this way, the length of the connection cover panel 18 'can be varied and thus can be adapted to various dimensions of the shims. For each length of a panel 18 ', hatches 19 of corresponding size must be prepared. According to FIG. 5, the guides 21 of the central piece 20c are further connected by a spacer 60, which further increases the stability of the cover panel

18 'function connection.

  On the long sides of the connecting cover panels 18, 18 ', 18 "are detachably secured, according to FIGS. 3, 4 and 12, stop brackets 82, which support the longitudinal edges.

  neighboring cover contingency panels 16.

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  In particular, in FIGS. 7 to 99, the various types of U-shaped inverted section rails 13, 13 'or 13 "respectively arranged on the upper edge of each wall panel 129 can be seen and used for the arrangement of the panels. cover 16 or respectively connecting cover panels

18, 18 ', 18 ".

  According to FIG. 7, the inverted U-section rail 13 has a base gem 61 parallel to the upper edge of the wall panel, where projections 62, 63 are bent firstly downwards and then upwards again. Projections 63 directed upwards, finally downwards, lateral branches 64 of o derive more laterally abutment members 14a, 14b and finally below the organs

support 15a, 15b.

  Between the abutment members 14a, 14b and the support members 15a, 15b are inserted the cover panels 16 which carry, at their longitudinal edges, U-shaped rail portions 33, the slots 33 'of which are inserted into the members 14a, 14bo on the front or front sides, interlocking tongues 65 may be provided starting from the abutment members 14a, 14b or respectively of the support members 15a, 15b for connection to adjacent U-shaped section rails. or interlocking brackets 15a ', 15b' according to the

figure 8.

  For the inverted U-profile 13 'according to FIG. 8, the lower support members 15a, 15b are abandoned, so that at these locations, cover panels 16 can be set up from below, and then moved horizontally. After placing the last cover panel 16, an interlocking bracket 15a 'or 15b' is inserted from below, on the lateral branches 64, being dimensioned so as to correspond to the support members 15a, 15b, and this bracket is held by a latch 25 which can be pushed through the U-shaped section adjacent to the support members 15a, 15b so that cover panels 16 can also be supported in any desired manner.

  security on the interlocking brackets 15a ', 15b'.

  FIG. 9 represents a third type of an inverted U-section rail 13 "where the stop members 14a, 14b are abandoned and only the support members 15a, 15b and the stop slots 17 formed at the top by the projections , 62, 63 are present, which is particularly important in this type of inverted U-section rail 13 "while they can be abandoned in the

  cases of types according to Figures 7 and 8.

  According to FIG. 9, the stop slots 17 in the base portion 61 serve to receive the turned rail portions 23 (FIGS. 3, 4) of the connecting cover panels 18, 18 'or respectively 18 ". rail 23 is configured as a Z-shaped rail 66, whose lower core formed by an outwardly projecting projection 24 rests on the assigned support bracket 15a or 15b respectively.The Z-shaped rail is securely connected to the rail. one of the end pieces 20a or 20b respectively of the frame 20. The hatch 19 is fixed, from below, to the frame 20 so as to

  flush, underneath, with the Z 66 profile rail core.

  For an irreproachable stability of the wall panels 12 connected by the connecting cover panels 18, 18 ', 18 ", it is of particular significance that the vertical plane core 66' of the Z-profile rail rests laterally closely against the branch Side 64 of the inverted U-profile 13 ". In this way, it is prevented that two wall panels 12 connected by a connecting cover panel 18, 18 ', 18 "can tilt in the manner of a parallelogram.To avoid such a tilting, the support projection 67 on the support brackets 15a, 15b also have their meaning: In the middle of the base web 61, U-shaped cross-section rails 13, 13 ', 13 "are provided, according to the invention, with a rib 83 projecting downwards. , having the form of a subsidence. Thus, it is possible to use, for example, before the steel walls of a ship or during the dressing of complete water blocks, wall panels having approximately half the thickness as indicated in 12 'on Figure 9. This means an economy

  significant amount of material and weight in these areas.

  Fig. 5 also shows the arrangement of a function connection cover panel 181 on an inverted U-section rail 13 "as also shown more particularly in Fig. 9. Figs. 6 to 10 show the manner in which For this purpose, a wall panel 12 with an inverted U-section rail 13 'of the type shown in Figure 8 is, for example, disposed at position 68. Then, at this location, panels 16 can be placed from below, and then in the spaces between the support brackets 15a, 15b and the abutment brackets 14a, 14b, adjacent U-shaped profiles can be inserted horizontally after the last cover panel has been set to position 68, the embroidery square 15a 'or respectively 15b' is put in place from below, and is fixed by the lock 25

  at the neighboring support brackets S15a, 15b.

  FIG. 11 shows, in schematic side view, an inverted U-section rail 13 "as shown in FIG. 9. To the left is connected an inverted U-section rail 13 according to FIG. the straight line follows an inverted U-section rail 13 'according to Fig. 8, with detachable embroidery bracket 15a'.

  rails 13 with inverted U-section according to FIG.

  For maintaining the longitudinal side of a cover panel 16 adjacent to a connection cover panel 18, 18 '18 ", according to FIGS. 3 and 4 and in particular 12, the stop square 82 which is either screwed or welded, in advance, to the cover panel connection 18, 18 ', 18 ", and the cover panel 16 is inserted in the direction of the arrow f of Figure 12, with its slots 33' on the horizontal branch 82 ', or when it is, in the case of the adjacent cover panel 16, the last cover panel set up from below, is first inserted by the branch 82' into the slot 33 and then inserting the underside with the cover panel 16. Only then is the fixing of the stop angle 82 to the screw means 84 on the longitudinal side adjacent to the connecting cover panel 18, 18 'or 18 ". , and for the production of the screwed junction or other, the good accessibility to the panels Cover cover 18, 18 ', 18 "through the hatches 19 or by removing the lighting body 55 may

  to be noticed as being particularly advantageous.

  The width of the wall panels 12 and function connection cover panels 18 'is advantageously identical. The connecting cover panels 18, 18 "and the simple cover panels 16 usefully have a width equal to half of that

wall panels 12.

  According to FIG. 13, the panels 12 consist of a mineral wool filling 35 with a sheet-metal casing 36. The roof panels 16 and the panels

  49 background are of corresponding construction.

  The wall panels 12 have, however, according to FIG. 13, at their vertical lateral edges 26, identical vertical profiles 31, which are connected, at 67, to the sheet-metal casing 36 in the manner of a hook, in the same way that the mineral wool 35 is also completely protected from the outside by the sheet, on the lateral edges 26. Above the wall panel 12 are the inverted U-section rails, not shown, 13, 13g or 13 "respectively. that can not be seen in Figure 13 because the wall panel 12 is shown cut into

  below the inverted U-section rail.

  The strip profiles 31 have adjacent vertical grooves 30 at the base of which, at a vertical distance, there are vertical slots 28 which are arranged side by side. On the height of a wall panel 12, it is possible for example to provide

four pairs of slots 28.

  The intermediate piece 27 shown in FIG. 14 cooperates with the slots, which piece has, on its side, at a certain distance from the vertical slots 28, two hooks 29 directed downwards and on the opposite side, two corresponding hooks 29 'but however, directed upwards. The hooks 29 can be inserted into the slots 28 and then the intermediate part 27 can be pushed a little downwards and the hooks 29 can be wedged by their oblique surfaces 72 to

strip profile 31.

  Then, a wall panel 12 of identical configuration is brought closer to the other side and is pushed by

  its slots 28, on the hooks 29 'directed upwards.

  Then, this wall panel is lowered and the oblique surfaces 72 'slide along the edges of the slots and again there is a jamming with the strip section 31. Due to the oblique surfaces 72, 72', the two wall panels are located brought closer to one another by means of the intermediate piece 27, that is to say that they are glued to each other by their lateral edges 26. The length of the slots 28 and the arrangement of the hooks 29, 29 'must be such that, after wedging the intermediate piece 27 with the two adjacent strip profiles 31, the two connected wall panels 12 are totally

  vertically aligned with each other.

  FIG. 15 shows the wall panels 12 connected to each other by the intermediate piece in

final position.

  To obtain a complete seal, a seal 73 may be arranged in the space between the hooks 29 or 29 ', which may for example be made by foaming a sealing material which

is introduced.

  According to FIGS. 16 to 18, a wall panel 12 provided for a sanitary vessel space has vertical water lines 37 inside the mineral wool filling 35. The two water pipes 37 on the left serve for supply of cold and hot water to a sink to be disposed in this area while the water pipes 37 to the right are used to supply water to a cabinet or other water user. While the water pipes 37 open, at the top, into a connection at the upper edge of the wall panel 12 (in FIG. 16 also, the wall panel 12 is shown cut at the top), at the lower end of the pipes 37 are provided elbows 38, which lead to the upper surface of the wall panel 12 o a corresponding connection is provided. In the area of the bends 38, the water pipes 37 are fixed by means of stop disks 39 'provided therein, to a reinforcing plate 39 parallel to the surface of the wall panel, which is arranged inside. mineral wool filling 35 and extends, according to Figure 16, transversely on the

wall panel 12.

  A reinforcement box 40 extending across the width of the wallboard 12 is embedded above the bend 38 within the sheet shell 36, which serves to reinforce the wall panel 12 in the area of the wall. installation of a sink or a toilet bowl. In this way, the lightweight construction of the wall panels 12 can be maintained, without compromising the stability conditions for the water pipes 37 disposed in the wall panel 12 or the devices provided against the

wall panel 12.

  By its lateral edges 26, the wallboard is usefully connected to neighboring wall panels, in the same manner as has already been described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15, which is however not

  particularly shown in Figures 16 to 18.

  The wall panel 12 of the sanitary space may have, in addition to the water connections for the sink or a cabinet respectively, connections extending to the opposite side of the wall for a shower. To also obtain in the zone of the connection of the frame of a shower, sufficient reinforcement of the wall panel 12, other reinforcing plates and reinforcement boxes may be arranged at the upper zone of the wall panel 12, at the interior of

the envelope in sheet 36.

  As is clearly visible in Figures 19 and 20, but this is also shown in Figures 16 and 17, a recess 41 extending transversely to the wall panel 12 is at the bottom of the wall panel 12 of the sanitary space , from the side facing the water block 74 to the lower zone, beyond which the envelope t8le 36 exceeds a bit from above. The recess is delimited by a profiled Z-shaped sheet 44, whose lower arm 44a forms the bottom of the wall panel 12, whose vertical core 44b delimits the recess 41 with respect to the mineral wool filling 35 and whose the narrower upper branch 44c delimits the recess 41 upwards. Projections 44e, 44d at the ends of the Z-section are used for the connection to

the sheet metal casing 36.

  Due to this configuration, the wall panels according to Figure 9 can be used on a vertical steel beam 43 fixed to the bridge 42. Paving slabs 75 are arranged in front. Because of this configuration, it is safe to prevent moisture from entering a nearby space 76, and even if the humidity

  is introduced behind paving slabs 75.

  According to Figure 21, two adjacent roof panels 16 are provided along their longitudinal edges 32, on the upper side, U-shaped rail portions 33 defining longitudinal slots 33 ', the open sides are located opposite each other. In the longitudinal slots 33 'is inserted a connecting spring 34 having the shape of a double T which ensures that the neighboring roof panels 16 will be aligned

in the horizontal direction.

  In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 22, the connecting spring 34 is provided with a sheet metal casing 36 ', which is filled with mineral wool 35 so that a fire can not spread through the space between the neighboring roofing panels 16. On the connecting spring 34 may further be arranged, according to Figure 22, in the longitudinal direction,

reinforcing ribs 77.

  For the refractory configuration of the connection points or junction between two adjacent roof panels 16, it is also important that the U-shaped rail portions 33 according to Fig. 22 are disposed recessed within the wall panel. The embodiment according to FIG. 23 largely corresponds to that of FIG. 22 with the difference that between adjacent roofing panels 16 a distance A is left, so that a grooved groove results in improving the optical appearance. of the cover, which is refractorily covered by a junction spring 34 of corresponding width. The U-rails hold the two adjacent cover panels 16 at the desired distance A. According to Figs. 24 and 25, a foot or base profile rail 46 is disposed at the lower edges 45 of the wall panels 12, which is essentially shaped of a U and is embossed, in the middle of its core 78, in a rib 79 protruding inside the panel 72D which, like the ribs 83 of FIGS. 7 to 9, serves to reinforce the panel

wall where it is desirable.

  The lateral branches 46a, 46b of the basic profiled rail 46 are vertical and have, approximately in the middle, an inwardly protruding molding for fixing the wallboard 12 so that over a plinth 80 of polyvinylchloride can be stuck there, as shown on the right in Figure 24

  and on both sides in FIG.

  In projections 81 directed outwards and open upwards branches 46a, 46b, are hung the curved edges 48 of the panels of

background 49.

  The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 24 is particularly suitable for compartments or wedges in which, due to humidity, an arrangement as high as possible of skirting boards 80 is desired. At the upper part of the wall panel 12 is arranged, according to FIG. 25, a U-shaped section of the type shown in FIG. 7. It can be seen from this embodiment that the brackets 62, 63 can also be embedded in the mineral wool filling, thus ensuring better retention of the inverted U-section rails 13 at the upper edge of the wall panel 12. The square portions 62, 63 defining the locking slots 17 n therefore not only to receive the returned rail portions 23 in the area of the connecting cover panels 18, 18 'or respectively 18 ", but can also guarantee a particularly solid connection of the U-shaped sections.

  reversed with the wall panels 12.

  The weight per unit volume of a roof panel 16 is about 300 to 400 kg / m 3, the weight per unit volume of a wall panel 12 is 140 to 160 kg / m 3. The mineral wool filling must be chosen

Consequently.

  U-section rails with inverted wall panels and adjacent wall pieces may be connected to one another by means of elongate, cross-shaped, triangle or rectangle shaped connection profiles which are suitable so that it is also possible to produce intermediate U-section profiles, another stable connection and exact alignment of wall panels and wall pieces. Such a longitudinal connection 85 is schematically represented at a point

  in Figure 1 between two wall panels 12.

Claims (33)

  1.- Wedge construction system consisting of prefabricated rectangular panels, advantageously of the same width, for the walls and the roof, for ships and the like, where the adjacent wall panels are mutually connected and at the upper edges of the wall panels are transverse U-shaped rails with support members provided for in   the lower extremity of the lateral branches, and   both wall panels, where the roof panels are held, characterized in that the inverted U-section rails (13, 13 ', 13) slid over the upper edge (11) of the wall panels (12) and / or the optionally, T-shaped sidewalls (53) have, on their lateral branches (12a, 12b), a distance above the support members (15a, 15b; 15a ', 15b') of the stop members (14a, 14b) for the upper side of the roof panels (16) and / or on their connecting rib (12c) of the stop means (17) for joint roof panels (18, 18 ', 18 " ) extending between two wall panels (12) vis-à-vis a certain distance, which after placement on the stop means (17) of the two wall panels vis-à-vis (12) maintain those against one   overturn and fix them at a set distance.   2.- wedge construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that all the supply and / or evacuation devices to be provided on the roof are arranged on the panels of wrong of junction (18, 18 ').   3.- System according to claim 2, characterized in that the supply devices and / or evacuation are arranged in the intermediate piece   (20c) junction roof panels (18, 18 ').   4. A system according to claim 3, characterized in that the end pieces (20a, 20b) located near the central part (20c) of the panels (18, 18 ') are at least partially configured as hatches to open. from below (19). 5.- System according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that the   junction roof panels (18 ') can be lengthened telescopically.   6.- System according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that the   panels (18) have a frame (20).   7.- System according to any one of   claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the frame   (20) has one or two U-shaped end pieces (20a, 20b) whose legs can be moved in longitudinally extending guides (21) of the joining roof panels (18 ') and can be set at extreme positions as well as advantageously at   certain intermediate positions.   8.- System according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that the   Junction roof panels (18, 18 ', 18 ") are configured at their ends as an upside-down portion of an upside-down rail (23), and an inverted U-section rail stop means ( 13) are in the form of stop slots (17) complementary to the rail portion returned (23).   9. System according to any one of the   prior art, characterized in that the support members are support brackets (15a, 15b) directed outwardly at the lower end of the branch.   side of the inverted U-section rail (13).   10. System according to any one of the   8 or 9, characterized in that the upside-down rail portion (25) extends downwardly to the support bracket (15a, 15b) and rests thereon with an outward projection (24). 11.- System according to claim (10) characterized in that the end pieces (20a, 20b) are above the outward projection (24) and traps (19) are flush with the projection to the outside (24).   12. System according to any one of the   previous arrangements, characterized in that a first type of an inverted U-section rail (13) is provided with the support bracket (15a, 15b) and an abutment bracket (14a, 14b) having the shape of the abutment member at a distance corresponding to the thickness of the roof panel (16) on the corresponding edge.   13.- System according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that a second   the type of an inverted U-section rail (13 ') is devoid of a support bracket but is provided with brackets of stop (14a, 14b).   14.- System according to any one of the   cations, characterized in that a third type of an inverted U-section rail (13 ') is provided only with the stop slot (17) and, if appropriate, the support bracket (15a). , 15b) on at least one side and   advantageously on both sides of the wall panels (12).   15. The system of claim 13, characterized   in that for the second type of an inverted U-section rail (13 '), an interlocking square (15a') is provided, which can be placed in the place of the support bracket, which can be connected by a latch (25) to the inverted U-section rail (13) or respectively (13 ")   close to the support brackets (15a, 15b). 2567841   16.- System according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that the   contiguous side edges (26) of the wall panels (12) have identical stop elements (28) and one or more intermediate pieces (27) distributed over the height pull or hold against each other the neighboring wall panels (12).   17. A system according to claim 16, characterized in that the lateral edges (26) have, at vertical distances, as stop elements, vertical slits (28) and the intermediate piece (27) has hooks (29, 29 ') of corresponding shape, the vertical slots (28) and the hooks (29, 29') being advantageously provided in pairs.   18. A system according to claim 17, characterized in that the hooks (29) are directed, from the side facing the first wall panel (12), downwards and the hooks (29 ') on the opposite side are directed to the top. -   19. System according to any one of   17 or 18, characterized in that on a   height, two vertical slots (28) are arranged at   side and each intermediate piece (27) also has   on each side, two neighboring hooks (29 or 29 ').   20.- System according to any one of   Claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the slots   vertical (28) are provided at the base of grooves vertical (30).   21.- System according to any one of   16 to 19, characterized in that on the   the side edges (26) of the wall panels (12) are provided with strip profiles (31), where the stop elements (28) are arranged and which preferably serve as spacer   two half-envelopes of the sheet cladding (36). 31 2567841   22.- System according to any one of   16 to 21, characterized in that the panels   wall panels (12) and / or the roof panels (16) and / or the bottom panels (49) consist of an insulating material, in particular mineral wool (35) with a sheet metal casing (36).   23. The system of claim 22, wherein   characterized in that in one or more wall panels (12) are arranged, in principle vertically, water pipes (37) which have elbows (38) protruding at the upper surface at the height of the user, o are fastening plates (39) arranged inside the wall panel (12) and parallel to the panel surface.   24.- System according to any one of   22 or 23, characterized in that at the height   devices to be fixed to the wall panel (12), reinforcement boxes (40) are arranged inside the wall panel (12).   25.- System according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that one or   a plurality of wall panels (12) have at the bottom side recesses (41) for receiving a coaming   of steel (43) fixed on the bridge (42).   26.- System according to claim 25, characterized in that the sheet-metal casing (36) extends from above, over a certain part, into the recess (41). 27.- System according to any one of   25 or 26, characterized in that a plate to   Z-profile (44) is arranged at the lower edge of the wall panel (12), the lower leg (44a) of which forms the lower edge, the vertical median core (44b) of which 32 2567841   forms the inner limit of the recess (41) and whose upper branch (44c) forms the upper limit of the recess (41).   28. The system of claim 27, characterized   rised in that the two branches (44a, 44c) project downwards or upwards respectively,   for placing on the sheet metal casing (36).   29. System according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that the   roof panels (16) have, over their longitudinal edges (32), U-shaped rail portions (33) open towards one another, into which is slid a connecting spring (34) connecting two neighboring roof panels (16). 30.- System according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that   lower part (45) of the wall panel (12) is arranged a substantially U-shaped foot rail (46), which externally carries upwardly open grooves (47), or fits with the inverted projections (48) of the panels of background (49).   31.- System according to claim 30, characterized in that the legs of the U (46a, 46b) of the profiled foot rail (46) are slightly curved to the area superior, outward.   32.- System according to any one of the   cations, characterized in that the tolt panels (16) have, on the longitudinal edges (32), advantageously at the upper zone or on the upper side, longitudinal slots (33 ') open towards the corresponding longitudinal edge (32). ) into which can be inserted a connecting spring (34) connecting two   neighboring panels of tott (16) and which may advantageously   be pushed, moreover, on the organs of stop (14a, 14b). 33 2567841   33.- System according to claim 329 characterized in that on the longitudinal edges of the roof covering panels (18, 18 ', 18 ") can be fixed arrgt brackets (82) in a disposition such that the horizontal branches (82 ') stop brackets (82) can be inserted into the longitudinal slots (33') of the roof panels (16) and that when the stop brackets (82) are attached, the corresponding longitudinal edges (32) ) of the roof panel (16) are flush with the Junction roof panels (18.9 18 ', 18 "Q) o