FR2562588A1 - COMPLEMENTARY FASTENING MEANS WITH PROFILES FOR FLAT ELEMENTS, SUCH TILES OR SHINGLES AND COVERINGS MADE THEREFROM THESE ELEMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION CONCERNS A COVER WITH FLAT ELEMENTS, WHICH ELEMENTS HAVE, ON THE UPPER PART OF THEIR REVERSE, AT LEAST ONE HOOK BY WHICH THEY FIXED TO AT LEAST ONE CROSSMOUNT. IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE COMBINATION: A. AT LEAST ONE FIXING CROSSMOUNT CONSISTING OF A HORIZONTAL PROFILE 1 FIXED WITH RESPECT TO THE SURFACE TO BE COVERED AND PRESENTING A SLOT ALLOWING THE UPPER PART OF THE FLAT ELEMENTS 2 to be wedge A LOWER WING 4 ON WHICH THE HOOK 5 LIES, WHILE ITS UPPER WING IS FOLDED DOWN TO COVER THE UPPER EDGE OF THE ELEMENT, B. AND A FLAT ELEMENT 2 WITH HOOK 5 WHOSE UPPER PART IS COMPLIANT TO STUCK IN PROFILE 1. APPLICATION IN TUILERY, IN PARTICULAR.

Description

1. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a blanket to

  flat elements which élémnents have, on the upper part of their reverse, at least one hook, sometimes called heel, ergot or redan by which they are attached to at least one

crosses like a latte or batten.

  The cover of the present invention applies equally well to sloping roofs as to vertical walls then realizing the "cladding"; in the first case, the flat elements are designated by the word "tile"; in the second, we

  designates flat elements by the word 'shingle'.

  Problem posed, state of the art and disadvantages As stated, for example, in the unified "technical documents" relating to the laying of these materials, the rules of the art concerning the implementation of the tiles of all types, whether flat or interlocking tiles, large mold or small mold, terracotta or concrete, provide some cases where it is necessary to use additional fastening means to the simple support, on sleepers, hooks, provided for this

  effect, under the top of the elements.

  These include, in particular, cases of implementation: - on a slope greater than 1.5 m per m,

  - in sites particularly exposed to the wind.

  In these cases, the attachment complements consisted, so far, in nailing or screwing

  tiles on the battens or panning or picking.

  For roofing jobs, these operations are interesting, either a certain percentage of tile (1/5, for example), if all the tiles according to the risks of disturbance of their scheduling. For cladding jobs, however, all elements are subject to

complementary fixation.

  It is obvious that these operations are expensive. The invention therefore provides means for

to lower these surcoots.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention is characterized principally by the combination of: a) at least one fastening cross-member consisting of a horizontal section fixed with respect to the surface to be covered and having a groove making it possible to wedge the upper part of the flat elements, which groove is for this purpose narrower at its entrance than in the bottom and has a lower flange on which the hook of the flat element, while its upper flange is folded down to cover the edge of the element so as firstly to allow the passage of the element and its hook when the base of the element considered is removed from the upper part of another element but on the other hand to block the upper edge of said flat element when the element is returned to normal position, with its base resting on a lower element, b) and a flat element, with hook, heel or redan, whose share ie upper is shaped to get stuck in the profile

provided for in (a).

  The support profile, which advantageously replaces conventional slats, therefore has a section

  semi-tubular whose upper wing is hooked.

  The upper wing can have different shapes and, in particular, be folded vertically; it can also be folded obliquely in a plane inclined outwards or inwards or bent or folded in a plane inclined outwards then

curved inward.

  All these forms can be applied depending on the case

  species without departing from the scope of the invention.

  The second important element of the invention, that is to say the roof element p], has, preferably, on the top, a redan width equivalent to the thickness of the element b part lower, the distance between the redan of the flat element concerned and the redan of the element immediately below being equal to the spacing

between the hanging profiles.

  In the particular case of the re-entrant angles or the salient angles which meet both in the roofs and the bardaces, special elements are provided for both the re-entrant angles and the outgoing angles, which elements

  special then cooperate with neighboring elements.

  Solution to the problem, advantages and industrial results The device of the invention makes it possible to obtain a stability of cranrnancement planar elements comparable to that provided by the usual complementary fasteners, without resorting to operations of nail, screwing, pannetonnage or crochetaqe. Not only the invention facilitates the installation supPrimant these complementary fasteners, but also it facilitates the replacement of tiles or shingles, when the

  accidental shock, one of them breaks.

  The invention will be better understood using the

  description below which gives some examples not

  practical limitations and which are illustrated by

the attached drawings.

Brief description of the figures

  In these drawings, the figure is a perspective view of a

  Roof covering or cladding according to the invention.

  Figures 2 to 7 show, in perspective, various shapes of the profile used in combination with

  the flat element to achieve the invention.

  FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the end-to-end connection of two sections, such as the one represented

in figure 4.

  Figure 9 shows a special element for

reentrant angle.

  Figure 10 shows a special element for

salient angle.

  FIGS. 11 and 13 show the three main phases of laying the protection of the invention, namely: FIG. 1 is a vertical section of an element and of the profile to which it is reflected in the first laying phase, FIG. is a view similar to that of Figure 11 in the intermediate laying phase, and Figure 13 ctilt not seen similar to Figure 11 in the

last phase of installation.

  Description of some embodiments

  Referring to FIG. 1, a cover is shown according to the invention which can be applied to both roofing and roofing. It consists of the combination of a profiled cross member (1) and a flat element (2). An embodiment of the profile (1) is shown in detail in Figure 3. Other embodiments are shown in Figures 2 to 7 and are designated by the marks (11, 111, 112, 113, 114). The general characteristic of the profiles (1, 111, 112, 113, 114) is to present a groove (3) whose entry is narrower than the bottom. They all have a lower wing (4) horizontal (Figures 2, 5, 7, 8) or raised (Figures 3, 4, 6) on which bears the hook (5) of the flat member (2), such a tile or shingle. The upper flange (6) is folded down to cover and thus block the upper edge of the flat element (1) when it has its base supported on a lower element,

  as shown in Figures 1 and 13.

  According to different variants, the upper wing of the profile (1) has a vertical folding (7) (Figure 2), a folding (8) oblique and inclined outwards (Figure 3), an oblique folding inwards ( 9) (Fig. 4), a downwardly curved portion (12) (Fig. 5), or both downward and inward (13) (Fig. 6) or an inclined outward fold (14) ended by a curved part

inward (15) (Figure 7).

  According to a feature of the invention, the element (2) has, on the top a redan (16) of width "h" equivalent to the thickness "e" of the lower part of the element. The distance "d" between the step (16) of the element concerned and that of the element immediately below is

  equal to the spacing between two fastening profiles (1).

  For the connection between two covering planes, it is provided as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, dihedral elements (17) (FIG. 9) for re-entrant angles and / or

  dihedral-shaped elements (18) for projecting angles.

  The angle of the dihedrons is adapted to that of the planes of coverage.

  At least one of the sides of these dihedral elements (17) and (18) is provided with hooks (51, its fixing can then be reinforced by nailing, the dihedral elements (17) and (18) can obviously have a redan equivalent to redan

(16) planar elements.

  The profiles (1) are generally metallic and thus provide the locking function of the elements and that of abutment similar to that of the battens. They are fixed on the wall to be covered by any conventional means (nailing, sealing, screwing with self-piercing screw, etc ...) on the massive cover woods (herringbone) the trusses, rafters, which are made of wood or metal, either on

  masonry or vertical walls if it is a cladding.

  Said profiles have the advantage of being made of corrosion-insensitive material. If it's metal, we choose a

  stainless metal or galvanized treatment.

  To fix the flat element (2) on the profile (1), it is first introduced almost horizontally or slightly obliquely (FIG. 11), so that the hook (5) penetrates into the groove of the profile (1), following the direction of the arrow (19). Then the element (2) is folded downwards by rotation in the direction of the arrow (20) (FIG. 11). When the element (2) makes an angle of approximately 450 with the web of the profile (1), said element (2) is pushed upwards in the direction of the arrow (21) by definitively folding the element ( 2) towards

  down to its support position on a lower element.

  Then let the hook (5) on the lower flange (4) of the profile (1) (arrow 22) as shown in Figure 13. It is realized that the installation of flat elements is greatly facilitated and that their replacement is easy since except for the elements dihedrons, one can thus remove the complementary fixation which until then was for the elements

  current plans, usually necessary.

Claims (11)

  1. Cover flat elements including cladding and roofing, which elements have, on the upper part of their lapel, at least one hook, sometimes called heel, pin or redan by which they are fixed on at least one cross such as a batten or a batten, characterized by the combination of: a) at least one fixing beam consisting of a horizontal section (1) fixed with respect to the surface to be covered and having a groove for wedging the upper part of the elements plates (2), which groove (3) for this purpose is narrower at its entrance than in the bottom and has a lower flange (4) on which bears the hook (5) of the flat element (2), while its upper flange (6) is folded down to cover the upper edge of the element, so as to allow the passage of the element and its hook when the base of the element is away from the upper part ure of another element but on the other hand, E block the upper edge of said flat element (2) when the element is brought back to normal position, with its base resting on a lower element, b) and an element flat (2), with hook (5), heel or redan, whose upper part is shaped to get stuck in the section (1) provided for in a).   2. Cover, as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the section (1) has a semi-tubular section whose wing is superior hooked.   3. Cover, as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the upper flange of the profile (11) has a vertical folding (7). 4. Cover, as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the upper flange of the profile (].) Has oblique folding (8).   following an inclined plane towards the outside.   5. Cover, as defined in claim 2, characterized by the fact that the upper flange of the profile (111) has oblique folding (9).   10 following an inclined plane inwards.   6. Coverage as defined in claim 2, by the fact that the wing   upper (11) has a bent portion (12, 13).   7. Cover, as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the upper flange (11) has a drawdown (14) in an outwardly inclined plane followed by a portion (15) curved inward. 8. Coverage as defined in one   any of claims 1 to 7, 6 to 6   in that the flat element (2) is a roof tile. 9. Coverage as defined in one   any of claims 1 to 7, c a r a c t 6 r i s e e   in that the flat element (2) is a cladding shingle.   10. Cover, as defined in either of the reverndications 8 or 9, taken separately, characterized by the fact that the flat element (2) has, on top, a redan (16). ) of width "h" equivalent to the thickness "e" of the lower part of the elements, the distance "d" between the step (16) of the flat element concerned and the notch of the element immediately below being equal to   the distance between the fastening profiles.   11. Coverage as defined in one   any of the claims 1 10, c a r a t i e   in that it comprises dihedral elements (17, 18)   at least one of which is provided with a hook.