FI89763C - SAELJKYLMOEBEL - Google Patents

Abstract

A refrigerated vending cabinet is described which has a lower, chest-type merchandise space (1) and, above it, an upper cabinet-type merchandise space (2). Cold air is conducted through air supply ducts (20, 21, 22, 24) into the two merchandise spaces (1, 2) and air is removed from the merchandise spaces (1, 2) through return air ducts (10, 11, 12, 16). According to the invention, a first common air supply duct (20, 21) extends from an evaporator (31) and branches into a second (24) and a third (22) air supply duct. The second air supply duct (24) leads into the lower merchandise space (1) and the third air supply duct (22) into the upper merchandise space (2). <IMAGE>

Description

1. : j3

Refrigeration Sales furniture

The invention relates to a refrigerated sales unit comprising a lower, coffin-like, upwardly open cargo space and an upper display-like cargo space arranged above the lower cargo space, as well as supply air ducts through which cold air is led to both cargo spaces and return air ducts. trade premises.

10 Such refrigerated cabinets are generally used for the storage and display of goods below ambient temperature in retail outlets. The two-part type discussed here is most commonly used for frozen foods. Its lower luggage compartment corresponds substantially upwards to the open freezer tray and is supplied with cold air from the rear edge away from the customer via the supply air duct. At its leading edge, air is drawn out through the return air duct, led to the evaporator for cooling and then fed again to the supply air duct.

The upper luggage compartment is usually closed by doors from the front facing the customer. Its cooling air circulation is equipped in the same way as the lower boot. However, the return air is drawn away from its lower area. Your own evaporator is usually arranged behind or below the upper boot.

However, such a cold supply can be easily adapted to the needs of individual luggage compartments and usually operates reliably. However, the economics of the known cold store furniture 30 are not entirely satisfactory. First, there is the high cost of capital, since two cooling air circuits and thus two separate evaporators, two fan systems for circulating cooling air 35 and two control and regulation systems must be installed for a single piece of furniture. Secondly, due to the dual nature of the cooling system, this system is also expensive to use, especially due to the relatively high maintenance costs. A further disadvantage is that the hitherto fitting of the evaporator behind the upper luggage compartment 5 or less reduces its volume.

The object of the invention is therefore to improve a cold-sale furniture of the quality mentioned in the introduction so that its economy in acquisition and use increases. In this case, the available cargo volume mouth-10 will be rented as much as possible.

This task is solved by placing in the operating space the upper trunk return air ducts and the first common supply air duct, wherein the first supply air duct comprises a full portion of the upper trunk space 20 and that the first supply air duct leaves the evaporator and branches into a second and a third supply air duct, the second supply air duct leading to the lower luggage compartment and the third supply air duct leading to the upper luggage compartment, the first supply air duct and formed, whereby a device 30 for distributing the return air along the entire length of the furniture is arranged further below the lower luggage compartment a.

By means of the construction method according to the invention, it is possible to combine the circulation of two cooling airs in both load compartments so that it is possible to work with a common evaporator and a common fan system. 35 As a result of this combination, the economy of the refrigerated cabinet is improved, in particular due to the reduction in material, installation and maintenance costs.

The use of a common evaporator for both luggage compartments has the advantage of further reducing the need for cold-5. This is due to the fact that only one evaporator needs to be defrosted. Thus, the heat of smelting to be removed after the defrosting operation is halved compared to the previously known cold vending machine with two evaporators.

10 Afterwards, this simplification feels like a day. For example, in household refrigerated cabinets, it is already known to supply several cargo spaces with a common cooling air circulation (see, e.g., EP-A-201 182). Thus, in order to understand the essence of the invention, a detailed explanation of the problems associated with the cold supply is necessary, which problems have led to the fact that the task of the invention has hitherto been considered impossible to solve by the profession.

In the case of closed refrigerated compartments, such as those found in connection with household refrigerating cabinets or also in the case of a showcase-like luggage compartment of a refrigerated sales cabinet according to the invention, the import of cooling air is relatively unproblematic. The vortexing inflow is sufficient. For this reason, the supply air flow in the case of such enclosed cargo spaces can be simply divided and led to corresponding sub-spaces.

Admittedly, the situation is entirely in the sales sector for the cold or freezer basin, which is open for a long time 30 upwards. Such an open coolable space is also the lower, coffin-like cargo space of the cold-sale furniture according to the invention. In this case, there is no solid insulation upwards, although the temperature difference along the entire upper opening of the coffin can be more than 40 K (ambient temperature of climate class 3 according to DIN 35 8954: 25 ° C, 4/7 o 3 relative humidity: 60%, maximum freezer temperature) : -18 ° C).

This temperature difference guaranteed by the manufacturer can only be maintained horizontally by means of a cold air mattress produced over the entire upper area 5 of the load compartment. To accomplish this, it is necessary to allow cooling air to flow over the longitudinal side (usually the back side) of the coffin in a horizontally directed, fully laminar and highly homogeneous flow distributed over the length of the furniture. These 10 problem fields are explained in detail, for example, in DE publication 320208.

The provision of a cooling air mattress is already its own cooling in connection with the air circulation for a difficult chest-like luggage compartment. It has hitherto been considered impossible by the art to branch a sub-stream from a generally swirling supply air stream for a display case-like cargo space which would be suitable for producing a cooling air mattress. It was only in the course of extensive practical experiments carried out in connection with the model body within the scope of the invention that it was established that this is possible contrary to the professional understanding.

According to the invention, the supply air for both load compartments is led from a common evaporator and is then divided into two partial streams, one in the upper load compartment and the other in the lower load compartment. The problems hitherto considered insurmountable in connection with the branching of the laminar partial current for the lower trunk could be overcome according to the development of the invention.

The first flow brake according to the invention generally covers the entire cross-section of the second supply air duct. Normally, the horizontal cross-section of the duct is not sufficient to branch a sufficient amount of supply air at a sufficiently low speed for the lower luggage compartment. The vertical orientation of the flow brake portion provides an additional surface 35 through which the supply air can (slowly) flow.

5

For additional braking, the second flow brake is preferably arranged inside the second supply air duct. This is connected in series with the first. It can also be adapted without the first one, but still the combined effect of the two devices is advantageous.

Of course, other technical implementations of the flow brake (s), such as, for example, induction tapping or tapping by means of pressure differences or flow reversal, are also possible.

10 The (only) evaporator of the cold store furniture may be arranged behind, for example, another load compartment. However, it is particularly preferred that the evaporator is arranged below the lower luggage compartment according to a further development of the invention.

15 Both return air flows (from the upper and lower load compartments) are introduced into the evaporator, which can of course also consist of several structurally separated sections. Supply air to both load compartments is sucked in via this evaporator. The fan system-20 is likewise preferably arranged on the underside of the refrigerated sales unit.

The location of the single evaporator below the lower luggage compartment allows a clear expansion of the upper luggage compartment backwards or downwards compared to a system with two evaporators without the need for additional space or simply requiring more surface area. Thus, overall, a larger volume is available for the presentation and storage of goods. There is no additional need for cold, as the losses due to heat flow (through the openings-30) and heat conduction (over the edges of the luggage compartments) remain unchanged.

In connection with the cold-sale furniture according to the invention, the problem is caused by the large distance between the return air intake in the front of the upper luggage compartment and the evaporator on the lower side 35 of the lower luggage compartment. In one test case, it was found that the cooling of the upper luggage compartment did not work satisfactorily under all conditions.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, fans are therefore arranged inside the return air duct or ducts 5 for the upper luggage compartment in order to suck in the return air. This thus differs from the hitherto conventional structure of cooling air circulations, which requires only one single-stage fan to circulate the cooling air (for example by sucking the supply air from the evaporator). According to the invention, fans are also installed in the return air ducts, i.e. in front of the evaporator. (If the device comprises only one return air duct, one fan is of course sufficient for this purpose.) Thus, an adequate cold supply 15 in the upper luggage compartment can be ensured even in unfavorable conditions.

In this case, it has proved advantageous that the return air ducts of the upper luggage compartment lead under the lower luggage compartment and in the front area of the furniture. This can be done, for example, by means of ducts routed outside the actual furniture body, such as hoses or pipes installed behind or below the furniture.

Since such simple solutions are not always feasible, the return air ducts are preferably led in the space between the bottom plate of the lower luggage compartment and the upper side 25 of the evaporator, and they merge there if several are arranged.

In the plane below the lower luggage compartment, the return air ducts can only receive a part (eg two-fifths) of the length of the furniture to allow the passage of the inlet duct. Nevertheless, the return air must be distributed as evenly as possible in the evaporator air inlet, which usually extends over most of the overall length of the cabinet.

These difficulties are overcome by a device according to the invention, arranged below the lower luggage compartment, which distributes the return air over the entire length of the furniture. This preferably consists of vertical perforated plates arranged at an angle to the transverse axis of the furniture. This oblique fit, by the same use of the perforation method 5, increases the free flow surface of the air flow compared to the horizontal fit (perpendicular to the flow direction). (This term means that the transverse axis is perpendicular to the rear wall of the vending machine.) It is advantageous for the return air ducts in the upper luggage compartment to be connected in the air inlet area of the evaporator (e.g. in the front area of the cabinet) to the lower trunk return air duct. The return air is then brought together from both load compartments to the outer surfaces of the evaporator.

It is further advantageous if a mixing vane is arranged in the air inlet area of the evaporator between the return air ducts of the upper and lower luggage compartments. This causes a rearward inflow of return air at the evaporator air inlet and thus a parallel control of the two return air streams (from the upper and lower luggage compartments) during mixing. Only in this way can a uniform countercurrent flow to the evaporator be guaranteed.

The mixing vane preferably consists of a plate which is arranged obliquely to the horizontal and which extends over substantially the entire length of the furniture. A perforated sheet metal is usually used, but the quality of the material is not critical.

In principle, the supply and, above all, the return air ducts can be passed past one another outside the furniture frame via hoses or similar devices. However, since there is not always enough space for this and such a structure also has a high susceptibility to interference, it is advantageous if, according to a partial view of the invention, two upper trunk return air ducts and supply air ducts 35 are arranged inside the lower trunk. > λ 8 lan behind the side of the refrigeration unit away from the customer.

The supply air duct or ducts can conduct cooled air from the bottom of the cabinet from the lower bottom to the upper edge of the lower 5 cargo space. The return air duct or ducts lead the return air downwards from the upper load compartment. Usually, several return air ducts are arranged, but it is also possible to cope with one return duct, for example arranged in the middle of the longitudinal dimension of the furniture. All said channels are located in an operating space which is generally forward (towards the customer) bounded by the rear wall of the lower luggage compartment and backwards by the rear wall of the cabinet and which extends over the entire length of the cabinet.

15 Through the second inlet channel, an extension of the first inlet channel, the upper luggage compartment can also be fed from its upper edge along the rear wall of the upper luggage compartment. The supply air can thus be led from below the lower luggage compartment to both the lower and the upper luggage compartment.

20 At the same time, the return air, which is taken from the upper luggage compartment from below its front area, can be led back downwards again by means of the return air ducts adapted to the operating space. The return air control of the lower luggage compartment takes place as is known.

It has proven advantageous for the two return air ducts for the upper luggage compartment to be arranged inside the operating compartment on the end sides of the furniture. The symmetrical fitting of the return air ducts to the sides of the operating space and the symmetrical control of the supply air between the two return air ducts allow different ducts to pass past each other without a laborious structure and at the same time guarantee a uniform cold supply over the entire length of the load compartments.

When the return air ducts are arranged on the sides, the full part of the 35 supply air ducts is located in both return air ducts 9 .... ..

. -s between the poles. The auxiliary sections according to the invention are adjacent to it and to the rear they are delimited by the return air duct and the rear wall of the lower luggage compartment forwards. They ensure that cooling air flows the entire length of the fixture from the 5-delta to the second supply air duct to supply the lower boot. Preferably, no partition of any kind is arranged between the full and auxiliary portions, so that all parts of the supply air duct are in direct contact with each other. Such a division of the supply air duct into full and auxiliary sections is possible in connection with a larger number of return air ducts or also in connection with a return air duct arranged in the middle.

In this connection, other solutions are also conceivable, for example externally conducted supply and / or return air ducts or adapting the evaporator to the operating mode.

In a further developed form of the idea of the invention, there is therefore a control device arranged in the auxiliary sections for guiding the air flow vertically. It preferably consists of walls arranged vertically and perpendicularly towards the rear wall of the furniture, for example made of torn plates. This control device, on the other hand, affects the even distribution of the supply air for the lower luggage compartment over the entire length of the supply air duct; on the other hand, it is thus ensured that there is practically no interference components in the longitudinal direction of the furniture in the supply air flowing into the lower luggage compartment via the auxiliary sections, so that uniformity of the cooling air flow is also guaranteed in the lower luggage compartment.

Above all, the interaction with the flow, which is arranged in the branch duct of the supply air of the lower luggage compartment, results in an optimal and economically advantageous cold supply for the entire lower luggage compartment.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment! '· In the context of a shape example shown schematically in the drawings. The drawings show various views of a particular embodiment of a refrigerated sales unit according to the invention.

Figures 1, 2 are cross-sectional views and Figure 3 is a longitudinal section, Figure 4 is a partial enlargement of the detail H of Figure 1 and Figure 5 is a plan view of the top side of the evaporator. The structure of a cold vending machine selected as an exemplary embodiment of the invention will first be explained in connection with the cross-sectional drawings of Figures 1 and 2. (The section lines of Fig. 1 (A-B) and Fig. 2 (C-D) are marked in Fig. 3b.) The cold store furniture comprises a lower coffin-like trunk space 1 bounded by a front wall 3 raised from the front, towards the customer, by a glass plate 4 and a rear wall 5 . Arranged above is an upper display-like luggage compartment 2, which is provided on its front side with doors 6, which are preferably of transparent material. To the rear it is 20 likewise closed by a rear wall 7.

The operating space 9 extends between the rear wall 5 of the lower luggage compartment 1 and the rear wall 8 of the cabinet for the entire length of the cabinet. According to the invention, inside this operating space 9, both the return air ducts 10 and also the full and auxiliary portions 20 and the like of the first supply air duct 25 are located. 21. Figure 2 shows that the full portion 20 extends over the entire depth of the operating space, i.e. from the rear wall 5 of the lower luggage compartment 1 to the rear wall 8 of the furniture. The auxiliary portions 21 have a smaller depth (the left side of both can be seen in Figure 1). Behind the auxiliary section 21, in the operating space 9, there is a return air duct 10, which extends substantially to the height of the lower luggage compartment 1.

Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the different channels along the longitudinal coordinates of the furniture. The cutting plane then changes approximately in the middle of the furniture: Figure 3a shows. > Λ 11 section along the line E-G in Figs. 1 and 2, the section plane of Fig. 3b is displaced somewhat in the lower part and runs along the axis E-F. Since the cold sale cabinet is constructed symmetrically with respect to an axis 5 running along the dividing line between Figs. 3a and 3b, the other half of the cabinet can be easily extrapolated. In both cases, the gaze direction runs from the back of the cabinet to the customer's side.

It is clear from Figures 3a and 3b that the return air ducts 10 and the auxiliary portions 21 of the first supply air duct require a total of about 2/5 of the total length of the operating space. Each one auxiliary section 21 and the return air duct 10 are each arranged next to the side wall 30. In between is the full portion 20 of the first supply air duct. The first supply air duct 15 continues upwards as a third supply air duct 22, which extends at the top (behind the upper luggage compartment 2) over the entire length of the furniture.

In the following, the control of the cooling air of the cold-selling furniture according to the invention will be described in detail, as well as the devices adapted according to the invention for advantageously cooling the entire volume of both luggage compartments 1, 2. The direction of airflow is indicated in the drawings by arrows that complement the explanation of the text, but are not always clearly referenced. In most cases, it is necessary to consider several Figures 1-5. For the sake of brevity, the corresponding markings in the figures are not always explicitly referred to.

The return air is sucked from the lower luggage compartment in the usual way through the opening 15 and the duct 18, both of which extend over the entire length of the upper edge of the front wall 3. As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, air then flows towards the front of the evaporator 31 to cool its outer surfaces. The evaporator is fitted below the lower boot.

35 From the front area of the upper luggage compartment 2, the return air is led backwards through a horizontal duct 11 below the luggage compartment. This exceeds the operating space 9 in two side sections which open to the return air duct 10. From there, each return air is led through its return air 5 fan 32 to the extension section 12 of the return air ducts 10 below the lower load compartment 1 above the evaporator 31. to overcome in channel sections 10, 11 and 12.

Only the return air and combustion flowing in from the sides along the longitudinal dimension of the cabinet can be seen in Fig. 5, which shows the area 12 above the evaporator 31. The perforated plates 33, arranged at a vertical angle of 20 to 70 °, preferably 45 ° to the plane of the cabinet of the furniture, act as dividers. They lead the return air partly towards the center, as indicated by the arrows in the left part of Figure 5. Usually the plates 33 are commercially available perforated sheet metal, but other materials could be used as well. Instead of even perforation, the plates 33 20 can be provided with, for example, a uniform horizontal slot.

In the front area 16, a mixing vane 17, preferably a non-perforated plate, supports frictionless mixing with the return air flow from the lower luggage compartment 1, so that the front surface of the evaporator 25 has a smooth and laminar flow (see Figures 1 and 2).

In the evaporator 31, the cooled air enters the suction space 34, which extends over the entire length of the cabinet. It is sucked by two supply air fans 23 through this suction space 30 34 from the rear upwards and first flows only to the full part 20 of the supply air duct, which is located in the middle of the operating space 9. Above the horizontal section 12 of the return air duct, the supply air can also flow sideways to the auxiliary sections 21 (Fig. 3a). There, the control device deflects 35 it again vertically. This always consists per two auxiliary sections 21 of two torn plates 27a, 27b extending over the entire depth of the auxiliary section 21, the inner plate 27a being made shorter than the outer plate 27b. In the vertical direction, the plates 27a, 27b extend 5 about 10 mm from a horizontal perforated plate 25a fitted at the inlet of the second supply air duct 24 to the lower edge of the second branch duct 24.

The second supply air duct 24 in Figures 3a and 3b takes part of the operating space 9 between the dashed line 25a and the cell 26, i.e. both above the full portion 20 of the first supply air duct and also above the auxiliary portions 21. Its function is to extract the supply air section for the lower luggage compartment. Its structure is shown in cross-section as a detail drawing in Figure 4.

15 Horizontally and vertically arranged perforated plate 25a and resp. 25b (first flow brake), part of the full and new parts of the supply air duct, parts 20 and 21 from the incoming supply air to the branch duct 24. There it enters a second, obliquely arranged perforated plate 25c 20 (second flow brake), which further reduces the flow rate and gives it a laminar character. All three perforated plates 25a, 25b, 25c act as supply air flow brakes for the lower luggage compartment 1.

Above the perforated plate 25b, the extension of the auxiliary portion 21 is closed upwards by a horizontal plate 27c (see Fig. 4). Thus, air is prevented from flowing from top to bottom through the first flow through the brake 25a, 25b to the second supply air duct 24.

The laminar supply air flow is finally deflected 30 at the upper end of the branch duct 24 forward and fed through the cell 26 into the lower cargo space along its entire length.

The part of the supply air which has not been intake flows through the full section 20 between the horizontal ducts 11 of the return air from the upper cargo space 2 to the upper section 22 of the supply air duct 22. Due to the resulting hydraulic pressure 14 and the low kinetic energy of the supply air flow at its upper end into the upper luggage compartment 2.

5 The number of fans 23, 32 of the fan system in the specific embodiment example is four. Depending on the length of the furniture, a varying number of inputs for return fans are required.

The length of the cold-sale furniture in the embodiment shown in the drawings is, for example, 2.50 m. However, according to the invention, cold-selling furniture of any arbitrary length is possible. For example, in order to build a 3.75 m long piece of furniture, an additional structural part corresponding to the right half of the 2.50 m long piece of furniture according to Figs. 15 and 5 can be connected to the right side.

In addition to the low capital and operating costs, in connection with the sales furniture according to the invention, the result is, compared to the previous construction method, backwards and resp. 20 upwardly enlarged upper luggage compartment 2. Behind the upper luggage compartment 2 there is no large evaporator or pu control, but only the upper part 22 of the supply air duct, which is relatively small in dimension. In this case, a slight shortening of the lower luggage compartment 1 must be taken into account.

Claims (12)

1. Freezer furniture comprising a lower, leathery, up to open freezer compartment (1) and an upper vitreous freezer compartment (2) disposed above the lower commodity compartment (1), and supply ducts (20, 21, 22, 24), through which potassium air is supplied to both warehouses (1, 2), and fresh air ducts (10, 11, 12, 16), through which air is extracted from the warehouses (1,2), The open air duct (2) of the upper air compartment (2) and a first common supply air duct (20, 21) are placed in a function room (9), the first supply duct (20, 21) comprising one inside the operating room ( 9), next to the open air ducts (10) of the upper merchandise space (10), full section (20) extending substantially over the entire depth of the function room (9), and between each fray air duct (10) and the lower merchandise space (10). 1) arranged auxiliary sections (21) of less depth, and that - the first supply air duct (20, 21) extends from the n evaporator (31) and branches into a second (24) and third (22) supply air duct, the second supply air duct (24) leading to the lower commodity space (1) and the third supply air duct (22) to the the upper commodity space (2), wherein - at the entrance of the second supply air duct (24), a first flow brake is constituted by a substantially horizontal and a substantially vertical perforated plate (25a and 25b), whereby - below the lower the product space (1) has furthermore been provided with a device (33) for distributing fresh air over the entire length of the furniture. Freezer furniture according to claim 1, 35, characterized by a second flow brake which is 19: v> 3 arranged inside the second supply air duct (24). Freezer furniture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the evaporator (31) is arranged under the lower merchandise space (1). 4. Freezer furniture according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that fans (32) for extracting air are provided inside the upper air compartment (2) of the air supply duct (s) (10). Freezer furniture according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the fresh air ducts (10, 12) of the Upper goods space (2) lead under the lower goods space (1) and to the front of the furniture (16). 6. Freezer furniture according to claim 5, characterized in that the device (33) for distributing fresh air consists of vertical perforated plates which form an angle with the cross axis of the furniture. Freezer furniture according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the outlet air ducts (10, 12) of the upper warehouse space (2) are connected to the outlet air duct (18) of the lower warehouse space (1) on the evaporator. (31) air intake area (16). Freezer furniture according to Claim 7, characterized in that a mixing blade (17) is arranged on the air intake area (16) of the evaporator (31) between the upper and lower product compartments (2 and 1) respectively. . 9. Freezer furniture according to claim 8, characterized in that the mixing blade (17) consists of a plate arranged obliquely in relation to the horizontal plane and extends substantially over the entire length of the furniture. 10. Freezer furniture according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that the outlet air ducts (10) of the upper warehouse space (2) are arranged inside the function room (9) on the gable sides (30) of the furniture. 20: "" 'S 11. Freezer furniture according to claim 10, characterized by a control device (27a, 27b, 27c) arranged in the vertical sections for the auxiliary sections (21). 12. Freezer furniture according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device comprises vertically and perpendicularly arranged walls (27a, 27b) arranged on the rear wall (8) of the furniture.