EP4253617A1 - Suction of a combing position in a combing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combing machine with a machine frame (1) and with at least one combing point (2) and with a suction channel (3) running below the combing point (2) in the machine frame (1) and with a suction channel (3) which is pivotally held on the machine frame (1). and a cover (4) extending above the combing point (2), the combing point () having at least one pliers unit (5) and a round comb (6) and a fixed comb (7) and a feed cylinder (8) and a pair of take-off rollers (10). , wherein the pair of take-off rollers (10) consists of a lower take-off roller (11) and an upper take-off roller (12) provided with a scraper (13). The combing point (2) is provided with a suction, the suction being attached to the cover (4) and connected to the suction channel (3) via a coupling (31).

Description

The invention relates to a combing machine with a machine frame and with at least one combing point and with a suction channel running below the combing point in the machine frame and with a cover hood pivotably held on the machine frame above the combing point, the combing point being a pliers unit and a round comb as well as a pair of pressure rollers and a Pair of take-off rollers, the pair of take-off rollers consisting of a lower take-off roller and an upper take-off roller provided with a scraper.

In the combing machines known today, pivoting covers are used, which, on the one hand, prevent manual intervention in the combing device during operation for safety reasons and, on the other hand, seal off the combing point from the ambient air from fiber flyaways. In the known combing machines, such a cover extends over four of eight existing combing points (combing heads), the free end of which can extend to a subsequent conveyor table. For example, the reveals CH 704 372 A2 such a cover. The disadvantage of this solution is that although there is isolation from flyaway fibers from the environment, the flyaway fibers or dust resulting from the combing process can get into the combed fiber material within the cover.

It is also known to avoid a transfer of fibers to the fiber material through adhesion of the fibers to rollers which are used to process or convey the combed fiber fleece, such as calender rollers, tear-off rollers, pressure rollers or take-off rollers, with scrapers. For this purpose, knives or felt scrapers, for example, are placed on the roller surfaces and sometimes provided with a spring load. The fibers adhering to the surfaces of the rollers are caught by the scrapers. Such a device discloses, for example, the DE 100 50 974 A1 .

The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a combing machine with a device which eliminates the known disadvantages and that To make it easier to keep parts of such a combing machine clean. In particular, the combing machine should be designed in such a way that fibers and foreign bodies that adhere to the peripheral surfaces of the take-off rollers, and fiber fly in general, are specifically removed during operation, so that the combing machine requires comparatively little maintenance.

To solve the problem, a combing machine is proposed with a machine frame and with at least one combing point and with a suction channel running below the combing point in the machine frame and with a cover hood which is pivotally held on the machine frame and extends over the combing point, the combing point having at least one pliers unit and a round comb and has a fixed comb and a feed cylinder as well as a pair of take-off rollers, the pair of take-off rollers consisting of a lower take-off roller and an upper take-off roller provided with a scraper. Furthermore, depending on the design of the combing machine or its working principle, the combing point can have a pair of tear-off rollers or a tear-off cylinder, which works together with a tear-off segment. The combing point is provided with a suction, the suction being attached to the cover and connected to the suction channel via a coupling. Despite the individual suctions, for example for cleaning the round comb, which are provided below the combing point, the high-performance operation of the combing machine results in fiber fly, which collects below the cover and leads to contamination of the combing point or parts of it. As a result, fiber residues accumulate on the combed fiber material and lead to a reduction in quality. This circumstance is taken into account by a suction system attached directly to the extraction hood. Thanks to the coupling in the connection between the suction and the suction duct, the cover can be swung open at any time. The suction is pivoted with its attachment together with the cover so that there is free access to the combing point and necessary repair and maintenance work is not hindered by the suction.

The cover can be guided over several combing points, with a suction system being provided for each individual combing point. This will take a long time Transport routes, which can lead to blockages, are created for the extracted substances and the extracted fiber residues or dust are guided to the suction channel as close as possible to the suction point. A line routing from the suction to the suction channel is provided between the combing points and must be designed with as few curvatures as possible, so that a negative pressure prevailing in the suction channel is sufficient for the suction to operate and no additional negative pressure source needs to be provided.

The suction is advantageously provided for cleaning a space lying between the combing point and the cover and is designed as a suction box attached to the cover and a suction pipe connecting the suction box with the suction channel, the suction pipe being divided into a first section and a second section by the coupling and the first section is held on the suction box and the second section in the machine frame. In order to achieve efficient suction of the entire interior between the combing point and the cover, a correspondingly large suction box must be provided. The suction box can have any design, although a rectangular design adapted to the geometry of the combing point is preferred. The advantage of dividing the suction pipe into a first section and a second section is that the position of the coupling within the combing point can be selected in an easily accessible location. The arrangement and length of the first section of the suction pipe must also be chosen such that after the cover is swiveled up together with the first section of the suction pipe, the work is not hindered by the second section of the suction pipe remaining on the machine frame.

The suction box is preferably made of transparent material. This has the advantage that the view through the cover into the combing point, which is necessary for monitoring, is not hindered during operation. The covers are provided with a transparent pane in an area above the combing point, so that the operating staff can check that the combing point is working properly at any time. By making the suction box attached to the cover made of a transparent material, preferably plastic, this function of the cover is not impaired. Depending on the arrangement and size of the Suction box, a part of the first section arranged over the transparent part of the cover must also be made transparent.

Advantageously, a plurality of air inlet openings are provided on a side of the suction box facing the combing point. By arranging air inlet openings, part of the suction box can be closed, which means that the suction effect at the air inlet openings can be increased compared to an open suction box. The air inlet openings are preferably slot-shaped. The arrangement and size of these slots must be adapted to the desired suction power.

It is advantageous if air guiding elements are arranged between the air inlet openings in the suction box. As a result, the air sucked in through the air inlet openings is directed to the suction duct and an even pressure distribution in the suction box can be achieved by arranging these air guide elements. An even pressure distribution means that all air inlet openings have the same pressure conditions and the associated suction power.

The suction is advantageously provided for cleaning the upper take-off roller in front of the scraper and is designed as a suction nozzle attached to the cover and a suction line connecting the suction nozzle to the suction channel, the suction line being divided by the coupling into a first suction line part and a second suction line part and that The first suction line part is held on the suction nozzle and the second suction line part is held in the machine frame. Today's machines are equipped with felt scrapers on the upper take-off rollers. In a felt pressed onto the surface of the take-off roller, individual fibers or fiber residues adhering to the take-off roller get stuck and do not get into the combed out fiber material. However, these scrapers must be cleaned or replaced regularly. As soon as the felt is completely covered with fibers, individual tufts of fibers are removed from the felt by rotating the take-off roller and get into the combed fiber material. This is prevented by the suction nozzle. The suction nozzle, which is arranged in front of the scraper when viewed in a direction of rotation of the take-off roller, picks up fibers adhering to the surface of the take-off roller so that they do not get into reach the scraper. The fibers that are not captured by the suction nozzle are held in place by the wiper. This largely prevents the occurrence of fiber tufts or clumps and extends the service life of the scraper. The division of the suction line into a first suction line part held on the cover and a second suction line part attached to the machine frame is carried out according to the same principles as the division of the suction pipe of the suction box into a first section and a second section.

The suction nozzle preferably has a slot-shaped opening facing the take-off roller. The slot-shaped opening extends over an entire length of the scraper. By designing it as a suction slot, a high speed of suction air and thus a high suction power is achieved at the opening in the suction nozzle, which faces the surface of the take-off roller. Preferably, the opening, viewed in the direction of rotation of the take-off roller, is arranged after a part of the scraper that touches the take-off roller. By arranging the suction nozzle as close as possible to the scraper, adhesion of fibers to the surface of the take-off roller between the suction nozzle and the scraper is avoided and contamination of the combed-out fiber material is minimized.

The suction line is advantageously arranged laterally on the suction nozzle. The lateral arrangement of the suction line has the advantage that as few deflections as possible are necessary in the suction line in order to reach the suction channel. Deflections pose a risk of clogging and increase pressure loss in the suction line, which leads to a reduction in suction power or requires a higher negative pressure in the suction channel. In addition, a lateral arrangement of the suction channel reduces the height required for suction. Since the cover is provided as close as possible to the take-off roller or the combing point, also in order to keep the space between the combing point and the cover as small as possible, the suction nozzle can be fastened in such a way that the suction nozzle faces the cover on a side facing away from the combing point comes to rest and accordingly the slot-shaped opening reaches through the cover to the surface of the take-off roller.

If the suction nozzle is provided for cleaning the scraper of the upper take-off roller and the suction box is intended for cleaning a space between the combing point and the cover, it is advantageous if the first section of the suction pipe and the first suction line part are brought together and connected to a common connection on the suction channel are. The combination is therefore provided in the respective suction line part and section of the suction pipe, which are attached to the cover and are moved out of the working area at the combing point with a pivoting movement of the cover. As a result, only one coupling is necessary for connection to the suction channel for the two suction systems and the second section of the suction pipe is guided together with the second suction line part in a common connecting section from the coupling to the suction channel. This also takes into account the limited space between the combing points that is available for cable routing.

The coupling advantageously has an elastic element. The coupling is designed in such a way that when the cover is closed, the two sections of the suction pipe, or the two suction line parts, meet one another and close the coupling with the help of the elastic element. The elastic element is deformed so that a tight connection is created without the need for additional elements or locking. For example, the elastic element can be provided as a funnel into which the pipe or line part to be sealed fits when the cover is closed. By deforming the elastic element, it nestles against the counterpart and seals the connection. Preferably, the coupling consists of two components and the coupling is sealed by sliding the two components into one another or pressing them together. The coupling is formed, for example, from an elastic hose or bellows. The bellows can be provided with a support on which the other component, for example a flange, hits when the cover is closed, which subsequently leads to compression of the bellows and a seal between the components.

A diaphragm is advantageously provided between the coupling and the suction channel. By using a panel, it is possible to provide all suction units with the same cross-section and to adjust the negative pressure at the respective combing point individually over the length of the combing machine by adjusting the panel.

A control and a shut-off in the second section of the suction pipe and in the second suction line part are advantageously provided. With the help of the barriers, targeted control of the suction can be provided. This makes it possible to switch off or lock the suction systems when the cover is open or the combing point is stationary. Furthermore, an interval can be set for active suction so that the suction is not constantly active, for example the suction of the space between the cover and the combing point is opened for ten minutes at an interval of one hour. This has the advantage that, for example, the suction of the individual combing points of the combing machine can be operated one after the other and thus an operating mode is selected which avoids overloading of the suction channel or the vacuum source. The control of the suction can also be adapted to the product to be processed.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführung einer Kämmstelle nach dem Stand der Technik

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführung einer Kämmstelle nach dem Stand der Technik

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Absaugung;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Absaugung;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer dritten Ausführungsform einer Absaugung;

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Kupplung und

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Kupplung.

The invention is shown and explained in more detail using the following exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a combing point according to the prior art

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a combing point according to the prior art

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a suction system;

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a suction system;

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a suction system;

Fig. 6

a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a clutch and

Fig. 7

a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a clutch.

Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a combing point according to the prior art. The Figure 1 a combing point 2 with a pliers unit 5, a feed roller 8, a round comb 6, a fixed comb 7, a pair of tear-off rollers 9 and a pair of pressure rollers 17. A cotton wool 14 is placed in the pliers unit 5 through the feed roller 8. The pliers unit 5 can be moved back and forth between a rear end position shown and a front end position. In the rear end position, the pliers unit 5 is closed, a front end section or fiber beard 15 of the cotton wool 14 to be combed is clamped between the pliers of the pliers unit 5 and is combed out by the continuously rotating round comb 6. The pliers unit 5 is then moved into the front end position, not shown, and opened. The combed fiber tuft 15 is combined with a previously formed fiber fleece 16 in the pair of tear-off rollers 9. The fiber beard 15 is pulled through the fixed comb 7 by rotating the pair of tear-off rollers 9 forward and torn off from the cotton wool 14 lying in the tong unit 5. A pair of pressure rollers 17, which is rotated back and forth synchronously with the pair of tear-off rollers 9 (pilgrim step movement), releases the fiber fleece 16 onto a fleece guide plate. The fiber fleece 16 runs to a pair of take-off rollers 10 and through a fleece funnel 18 and is delivered as a sliver 20 onto a guide table 21. The fiber fleece 16 is combined into the sliver 20 in the fleece funnel 18. After the fleece funnel 18, the formation of the sliver 20 is supported by a pair of calender rollers 19 and the sliver 20 thus formed is transported away for further processing together with the slivers 20 of the other combing points of the combing machine. The take-off roller pair 10 is formed by a lower take-off roller 11 and an upper take-off roller 12, the upper take-off roller 12 being provided with a scraper 13. The other rollers shown can also each be provided with a scraper, but this is not shown.

A cover 4 is arranged above the combing point 2. The cover 4 is provided with a handle 23 and can be pivoted with this about an axis of rotation 22. The axis of rotation 22 is held stationary in a machine frame 1. The cover 4 projects beyond the combing point and the subsequent components of the combing machine up to the guide table 21. This protects the entire area in which combed fiber material in the form of fiber beard 15, fiber fleece 16 or sliver 20 is located and the area where the cotton wool 14 is presented is protected. By means of a pivoting movement 24, the cover 4 is pivoted about the axis of rotation 22 into an open position 26, which provides access to the individual components of the combing machine.

Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a combing point 2 according to the prior art. In this embodiment too, the combing point is provided with a pliers unit 5, a round comb 6, a fixed comb 7, a feed roller 8 and a pair of tear-off rollers 9. The operating principle with which a fiber tuft 15 is combed out of the cotton wool 14 and handed over as a fiber fleece 16 to a pair of take-off rollers 10 is the same as in Figure 1 described. The take-off roller pair 10 is also formed by a lower take-off roller 11 and an upper take-off roller 12, the upper take-off roller 12 being provided with a scraper 13. A cover 4 is arranged above the combing point 2, with the cover 4 covering the combing point 2 and the take-off roller pair 10 in the embodiment shown. The cover 4 is provided with a handle 23 and held stationary in a machine frame 1 on an axis of rotation 22. The cover 4 on the handle 23 can be opened by a pivoting movement 24, so that maintenance access to the components of the combing point 2 is created. In addition, the cover 4 is provided with a transparent area 26, so that optical monitoring of an operating state of the combing point 2 is possible even during operation of the combing point with the cover 4 closed.

Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a suction. The suction provided for cleaning a space between the combing point 2 and the cover 4 is formed by a suction box 27 and a suction pipe 28 connecting the suction box 27 with a suction channel 3.

The suction channel 3 is arranged below the combing point 2 in the machine frame 1 and is standard in today's combing machines. The suction box 27 is attached to the cover 4 and is provided with corresponding openings (not shown) which enable the space between the combing point 2 and the cover 4 to be vacuumed. A first section 29 of the suction pipe 28 is attached to the suction box 27 and connected to it. Alternatively, the first section 29 of the suction pipe 28 can also be attached to the cover 4. The first section 29 of the suction pipe 28 ends on a side of the first section 29 opposite the suction box 27 in a coupling 31. After the coupling 31, the suction pipe 28 is continued in a second section 30 to the suction channel 3, the second section 30 being in the machine frame 1 is held stationary

The cover 4 is held pivotably in the machine frame 1 on a rotation axis 22 and projects at least beyond the combing point 2. When the cover 4 is pivoted into an open position 25, the suction box 27 and the first section 29 of the suction pipe 28 are also pivoted. This results in sufficient maintenance access to the combing point 2 despite the additional suction. With the pivoting movement 24, the first section 29 automatically separates from the second section 30 of the suction pipe 28 at the location of the coupling 31. The coupling 31 is designed as a simple contact coupling without a lock .

Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a suction. The suction provided for cleaning the upper take-off roller 12 is formed by a suction nozzle 34 attached to the cover 4 and a suction line 35 connecting the suction nozzle 34 to the suction channel 3 held in the machine frame 1. The suction nozzle 34 has its opening against a surface of the upper take-off roller 12, an arrangement of the suction nozzle 34, seen in a direction of rotation of the upper take-off roller 12 shown by an arrow, being provided in front of a scraper 13 resting on the surface of the upper take-off roller 12. The suction line 35 is divided by the coupling 31 into a first suction line part 36 and a second suction line part 37. The first suction line part 36 is attached to the suction nozzle 34 or the cover 4 and the second suction pipe part 37 is held stationary in the machine frame 1 or on the exhaust duct 3. The cover 4 is pivotally held in the machine frame 1 in a rotation axis 22 and projects at least beyond the combing point (see Figure 3 ) and the upper take-off roller 12. When the cover 4 pivots into an open position 25, the suction nozzle 34 and the first suction line part 36 of the suction line 35 are also pivoted. This results in sufficient maintenance access to the combing point despite the additional suction. With the pivoting movement 24, the first suction line part 36 automatically separates from the second suction line part 37 of the suction line 35 at the location of the coupling 31. The coupling 31 is designed as a simple contact coupling without a lock.

Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a suction. The suction includes a suction for cleaning a space between the combing point 2 and the cover 4 and a suction for cleaning the upper take-off roller 12. The suction provided for cleaning the space between the combing point 2 and the cover 4 is formed by a Cover 4 attached suction box 27 analogous to the first embodiment. The suction provided for cleaning the upper take-off roller 12 is formed by a suction nozzle 34 attached to the cover 4, which is arranged in front of the scraper 13 analogous to the second embodiment. In contrast to the previous embodiments, the first section 29 of the suction pipe of the suction box 27 is brought together with the first suction line part 36 of the suction line of the suction nozzle 34 in front of the coupling 31. After the coupling 31, a common connection 38 to the suction channel 3 is provided. The connection 38 and the suction channel 3 are held stationary in the machine frame 1. The cover 4 is guided over the combing point 2 and the upper take-off roller 12. When the cover 4 pivots into an open position 25, the suction nozzle 34 with the first suction line part 36 and the suction box 27 with the first section 29 are also pivoted. This results in sufficient maintenance access to the combing point despite the additional suction. With the pivoting movement 24, the common channel formed by the first suction line part 36 and the first section 29 is automatically released from the connection 38 at the location of the coupling 31. A diaphragm 45 is provided between the coupling 31 and the suction channel 3. By installing the panel 45, a connection 38 can be installed prevailing negative pressure can be adjusted according to a position of the combing point within the combing machine, or a course of the suction channel 3.

Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a clutch 31. The clutch 31 is shown as an example of a suction pipe with a first section 29 and a second section 30. A funnel-shaped elastic element 44 is attached to the second section 30 with a holder 39, for example in the form of a hose clamp. During a pivoting movement 24, which the first section 29 undergoes with the cover (not shown), the first section 29 slides out of the funnel-shaped element 44 and the coupling 31 is released automatically.

Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a clutch 31. The clutch 31 is shown as an example of a suction pipe with a first section 29 and a second section 30. A flange 40 is attached to the first section 29 and the second section 30. A bellows 41 is fastened to the flange 40 of the stationary second section 30 with fastening screws 42. The bellows 41 is provided with a support 43 on a side facing the first section 29. When the clutch 31 is closed, the bellows 41 is compressed via the support 43 by the flange 40 of the first section 29, whereby a seal is achieved between the first section 29 and the second section 30. During a pivoting movement 24, which the first section 29 undergoes with the cover (not shown), the first section 29 slides out of the funnel-shaped element 44 and the coupling 31 is released automatically.

The present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described. Modifications and a combination of the features within the scope of the patent claims are also possible, even if these are shown and described in different exemplary embodiments.

Legend

1

Machine frame

2

combing point

3

Suction channel

4

cover

5

Pliers unit

6

Round comb

7

Fixed comb

8th

feeding cylinder

9

Pair of tear-off rollers

10

Pair of take-off rollers

11

Lower take-off roller

12

Upper take-off roller

13

scraper

14

cotton wool

15

Fiber beard

16

Non-woven fabric

17

Pair of pressure rollers

18

Fleece funnel

19

Pair of calender rolls

20

Sliver

21

Leadership table

22

Pivot axis

23

Handle

24

Pivoting movement

25

Open position

26

Transparent area

27

Suction box

28

Suction pipe

29

First section suction pipe

30

Second section suction pipe

31

coupling

32

First component

33

Second component

34

suction nozzle

35

suction line

36

First suction line part

37

Second suction line part

38

Connection

39

bracket

40

flange

41

bellows

42

Fastening screws

43

edition

44

Elastic element

45

cover

Claims (15)

Combing machine with a machine frame (1) and with at least one combing point (2) and with a suction channel (3) running below the combing point (2) in the machine frame (1) and with a suction channel (3) which is pivotally held on the machine frame (1) and extends over the combing point ( 2) extending cover hood (4), the combing point (2) having at least one pliers unit (5) and a round comb (6) and a fixed comb (7) and a feed cylinder (8) and a pair of take-off rollers (10), the pair of take-off rollers ( 10) consists of a lower take-off roller (11) and an upper take-off roller (12) provided with a scraper (13), characterized in that the combing point (2) is provided with a suction, the suction being attached to the cover (4). and is connected to the suction channel (3) via a coupling (31). Combing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the suction is provided for cleaning a space lying between the combing point (2) and the cover (4) and as a suction box (27) attached to the cover (4) and a suction box (27). with the suction pipe (28) connecting the suction channel (3), the suction pipe (28) being divided into a first section (29) and a second section (30) by the coupling (31) and the first section (29). Suction box (27) and the second section (30) are held in the machine frame (1). Combing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the suction box (27) is made of transparent material. Combing machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a plurality of air inlet openings are provided on a side of the suction box (27) facing the combing point (2). Combing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the air inlet openings are slot-shaped. Combing machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that air guiding elements are arranged between the air inlet openings in the suction box (27). Combing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the suction for cleaning the upper take-off roller (12) is provided in front of the scraper (13) and as a suction nozzle (34) attached to the cover (4) and a suction nozzle (34) with the suction channel (3) connecting suction line (35), the suction line (35) being divided by the coupling (31) into a first suction line part (36) and a second suction line part (37) and the first suction line part (36) on the suction nozzle ( 34) and the second suction pipe part (37) is held in the machine frame (1). Combing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the suction nozzle (34) has a slot-shaped opening facing the upper take-off roller (12). Combing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the opening, viewed in the direction of rotation of the upper take-off roller (12), is arranged in front of a part of the scraper (13) which touches the upper take-off roller (12). Combing machine according to at least one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the suction line (35) is arranged laterally on the suction nozzle (34). Combing machine according to claims 2 and 7, characterized in that the suction nozzle (34) is provided for cleaning the upper take-off roller (12) and the suction box (27) is provided for cleaning a space lying between the combing point (2) and the cover (4). and that the first section (29) of the suction pipe (28) and the first suction line part (36) are brought together and connected to a common connection (38) on the suction channel (3). Combing machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling (31) has an elastic element. Combing machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling (31) consists of two components (32, 33) and a tightness of the coupling (31) is provided by sliding the two components (32, 33) into one another or pressing them together. Combing machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a diaphragm is provided between the coupling (31) and the suction channel (3). Combing machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control and a shut-off are provided in the second section (30) of the suction pipe (28) and in the second suction line part (37).

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