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EP4158673B1 - Plasmakammer-abschaltvorrichtung - Google Patents

Plasmakammer-abschaltvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4158673B1
EP4158673B1 EP21734192.4A EP21734192A EP4158673B1 EP 4158673 B1 EP4158673 B1 EP 4158673B1 EP 21734192 A EP21734192 A EP 21734192A EP 4158673 B1 EP4158673 B1 EP 4158673B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
conductive element
cavity
receiving cavity
channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21734192.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4158673C0 (de
EP4158673A1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric MARLIN
Romain LORENZON
Jean-François OEUVRARD
Guillaume LEMMEL
Patrice Fleureau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArianeGroup SAS
Original Assignee
ArianeGroup SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ArianeGroup SAS filed Critical ArianeGroup SAS
Publication of EP4158673A1 publication Critical patent/EP4158673A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4158673B1 publication Critical patent/EP4158673B1/de
Publication of EP4158673C0 publication Critical patent/EP4158673C0/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of electrical cutting devices, and more particularly those of the pyrotechnic actuation type.
  • Pyrotechnic cutting devices comprising a body in which is present a pyrotechnic initiator configured to, when triggered, set in motion a piston provided with a relief in the direction of a conductive bar to be cut.
  • the invention proposes a cutting device comprising: a conductive element and a movable piston, the piston being able to move between a first current passing position in the conductive element and a second current cutting position , the piston being configured to break the conductive element when it passes from its first position to its second position, the piston being positioned in a receiving cavity of a receiving element when said piston is in its second position, characterized in that the receiving element further comprises at least one additional cavity distinct from the receiving cavity and connected to said receiving cavity by at least one at least one channel, said at least one channel being open when the conductive element is broken by the piston.
  • Such a cutting device makes it possible to evacuate the plasma generated during the rupture of the conductive element towards the additional cavity, thus limiting the quantity of plasma in the receiving cavity which tends to slow down the piston and to ensure electrical continuity between the broken ends of the conductive element.
  • the device is a pyrotechnic cutting device comprising a pyrotechnic initiator, the piston being capable of moving following actuation of the pyrotechnic initiator between its first position and its second position.
  • said at least one channel is closed by the piston when said piston is in its second position.
  • the at least one channel is located to the right of a breaking point of the conductive element.
  • the receiving element comprises at least two distinct additional cavities each connected to the receiving cavity by at least one channel.
  • the conductive element is configured to be broken by the piston at two breaking points.
  • each additional cavity is connected to the receiving cavity by at least one channel located to the right of a breaking point of the conductive element, at least one channel being located to the right of each breaking point of the conductive element.
  • the at least one additional cavity comprises a length at least equal to half the length of the receiving cavity.
  • the volume of the at least one additional cavity is greater than or equal to the volume of the receiving cavity.
  • the at least one channel opens into the receiving cavity on a portion of said receiving cavity having a conical surface of complementary shape to a portion of the piston.
  • the conductive element is configured to be broken at a breaking point and be bent by the piston.
  • the invention relates to a secure electrical installation comprising a cutting device according to any of the possible characteristics and an electrical circuit connected to the conductive element of said device.
  • the invention relates to a vehicle comprising a secure electrical installation according to one of the possible characteristics.
  • a cutting device 100 comprises a body 10 inside which are installed a pyrotechnic initiator 20, a piston 30, and a conductive element 40.
  • the piston 30 is mounted so as to be movable between a first storage position and a second rupture position, the piston 30 being moved from its first position to its second position by actuation of the initiator pyrotechnic 20.
  • the function of the piston 30 is to break the conductive element 40 when it passes from its first position to its second position, thus cutting off the circulation of the electric current passing through the conductive element 40.
  • the device 100 comprises a first 41 and a second 42 electrical terminals intended to be connected to an electrical circuit to be cut and which here correspond to two ends of the conductive element 40.
  • the conductive element 40 here takes the form of a bar or electrically conductive tab.
  • the device 100 may comprise a plurality of conductive elements. An example of an installation comprising an electrical circuit connected to terminals 41 and 42 will be described in connection with the Figure 4 .
  • the conductive element 40 comprises at least one zone of weakness 43 which is intended to form a rupture point of the conductive element 40.
  • the conductive element 40 comprises two weak zones 43, thus making it possible to ensure a breakage of the conductive element 40 at two breaking points and to detach a sacrificial portion 44 from the rest of the conductive element 40 .
  • the body 10 can have a cylindrical shape with main axis Z, as illustrated in the figures, other shapes are however possible.
  • the body 10 is formed by a storage element 11 and a receiving element 12 which are assembled together.
  • the storage element 11 has a storage cavity 11a in which the piston 30 is located when the piston 30 is in its first position.
  • the receiving element 12 has a receiving cavity 12a which is aligned with the storage cavity 11a and which communicates with said storage cavity 11a.
  • the receiving cavity 12a is intended to receive the piston 30 when said piston 30 is in its second position, as is illustrated in the figure 2 .
  • the storage cavity 11a and the reception cavity 12a form a housing in which the piston 30 can move and which is crossed by the conductive portion 40.
  • the pyrotechnic initiator 20 comprises a pyrotechnic charge connected to connectors 21.
  • the pyrotechnic charge is, when initiated for example using a current passing through the connectors 21, capable of generating a pressurizing gas by its combustion.
  • the conductive elements 21 can be connected to a control device C ( Figure 4 ) configured to activate the pyrotechnic initiator 20 when an anomaly is detected.
  • the piston 30 has, in this example, a shape of revolution around the axis Z.
  • the axis Z corresponds to the axis of movement of the piston 30.
  • the piston 30 comprises a circumferential groove in which a seal 31 , for example an O-ring, is housed.
  • the piston 30 can move in a direction of movement A along the Z axis inside the body 10 between a high position (first position) as on the figure 1 , and a low position (second position) as on the figure 2 . As long as the pyrotechnic initiator 20 has not been triggered, the piston 30 is in its first position.
  • the receiving element 12 comprises at least one additional cavity 50 located around the receiving cavity 12a which is placed in communication with said receiving cavity 12a by at least one channel 51.
  • the receiving element 12 comprises a plurality of additional cavities 50.
  • the additional cavities 50 are cavities distinct from the receiving cavity 12a, in particular the piston 30 does not penetrate into the additional cavities 50 when said piston 30 is positioned in the cavity reception 12a.
  • the channels 51 which connect the additional cavities 50 to the receiving cavity 12a are open when the piston 30 breaks the conductive element 40, and are closed by the piston 30 when said piston 30 is in its second position.
  • Such additional cavities 50 make it possible to receive the plasma generated during the rupture of the conductive element 40, the plasma thus being evacuated from the receiving cavity 12a towards the additional cavity(ies) 50 via the channel(s) 51.
  • the Applicant has in fact realized that the fact that the plasma stagnates in the receiving cavity 12a tends on the one hand to slow down the movement of the piston 30, and on the other hand tends to allow the circulation of the electric current despite the rupture of the conductive element 40.
  • Moving the plasma out of the receiving cavity 12a thus allows the device 100 to cut off more quickly and more efficiently the circulation of an electric current between the two terminals 41 and 42 of the conductive element , 40 and this despite the fact that the tension and the intensity of the electric current is high (in particular a voltage greater than 500V and an intensity greater than 10kA) and causes the generation of plasma upon rupture of the conductive element 40.
  • the piston 30 closes the channel(s) 51, thus maintaining the plasma in the additional cavities 50, which thus limits the risk that the current continues to flow despite the cutoff. of the conductive element 40.
  • the channel(s) 51 are located at the right of a breaking point of the conductive element 40.
  • the plasma is generated at the level of the breaking point of the conductive element 40.
  • the channel(s) 51 are preferably located close to a breaking point of the conductive element 40, thus allowing better evacuation of the plasma towards the additional cavity(ies) 50.
  • the channel(s) are located at a lower distance or equal to 5mm from a breaking point of the conductive element 40.
  • the size of the additional cavity(ies) 50 is advantageously large enough in relation to the size of the receiving cavity 12a.
  • the additional cavity(ies) 50 have a length which is at least equal to the length of the receiving cavity 12a.
  • the total volume of the additional cavity(ies) 50 is greater than or equal to the volume of the receiving cavity 12a.
  • the total volume of the additional cavity(ies) 50 is greater than the volume of the receiving cavity 12a.
  • the receiving element 12 comprises a plurality of additional cavities 50 in order to create insulated pockets of plasma.
  • the receiving element 12 can for example comprise four additional cavities 50, as in the example of the Figure 3 .
  • the channels 51 open into the receiving cavity 12a on a portion P of said cavity reception 12a which has a conical surface.
  • the shape of the conical surface of the portion P of the receiving cavity 12a is complementary to the shape of a portion of the piston 30, thus making it possible to improve the sealing of the closure of the channels 51 by the piston 30.
  • the conductive element 40 comprises a zone of weakness 43 and is broken at a breaking point.
  • the sacrificial portion 44 is not detached from the rest of the conductive element 40 but is folded by the piston 30 into the receiving cavity 12a.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows an example of a secure electrical installation 300 implementing the cutting device 100 according to the invention.
  • the secure electrical installation 300 comprises a secure power supply system 310 comprising the cut-off device 100 (represented very schematically) and a power supply circuit 311.
  • the power supply circuit 311 here comprises an electric generator G connected to the second terminal 42 of the conductive portion 40 of the cutting device 100.
  • the electric generator G can for example be a battery or an alternator.
  • the secure power system 310 further comprises a control element C configured to actuate the pyrotechnic initiator 20 when an anomaly is detected.
  • the control element C is connected to the pyrotechnic initiator 20 via the connectors 21.
  • the anomaly in response to which the control element C can trigger the pyrotechnic initiator 20 may be an electrical anomaly, such as a exceeding the current threshold in the circuit, or a non-electrical anomaly such as the detection of a shock, for example a sudden deceleration of the control element, a change in temperature, pressure, etc.
  • the control element C is able to send an electric current to the pyrotechnic initiator 20 for its triggering in order to cut off the current, as described previously.
  • the secure electrical installation 300 finally comprises an electrical device D connected here to the first terminal 41 of the conductive portion 40 of the cutting device 100 to be powered by the secure power supply system 310.
  • a motor vehicle may include a secure electrical installation 300.
  • the channels 51 can be located in a lower part of the receiving cavity 12a, the embodiment illustrated on the figures 1 and 2 comprising the channels 51 in the upper part of the receiving cavity 12.
  • the receiving cavity 12a in fact comprises an upper part located at a first end and which opens into the storage cavity 11a and a lower part which is located at a second end , which is closed and which receives the sacrificial portion 44 once detached from the conductive element 40.
  • the plasma applies pressure on the walls 200 of the additional cavities 50, thus reinforcing the sealing of the male cone 201 formed by the piston 30 with the female cone 202 formed by the receiving cavity 12a.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Abschaltvorrichtung (100), umfassend: ein leitendes Element (40) und einen beweglichen Kolben (30), wobei der Kolben (30) geeignet ist, sich zwischen einer ersten Position zum Durchgang von Strom in dem leitenden Element (40) und einer zweiten Stromabschaltposition zu bewegen, wobei der Kolben (30) dazu ausgestaltet ist, das leitende Element (40) bei seinem Durchgang von seiner ersten Position zu seiner zweiten Position zu unterbrechen, wobei der Kolben (30) in einem Aufnahmehohlraum (12a) eines Aufnahmeelements (12) positioniert ist, wenn der Kolben (30) in seiner zweiten Position ist,
    wobei das Aufnahmeelement (12) ferner mindestens einen zusätzlichen Hohlraum (50) umfasst, der sich von dem Aufnahmehohlraum (12a) unterscheidet und mit dem Aufnahmehohlraum (12a) durch mindestens einen Kanal (51) verbunden ist, wobei der mindestens eine Kanal (51) bei der Unterbrechung des leitenden Elements (40) durch den Kolben (30) geöffnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Kanal (51) durch den Kolben (30) geschlossen ist, wenn der Kolben (30) in seiner zweiten Position ist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Vorrichtung eine pyrotechnische Abschaltvorrichtung ist, die einen pyrotechnischen Zünder (20) umfasst, wobei der Kolben (30) geeignet ist, sich nach Betätigung des pyrotechnischen Zünders (20) zwischen seiner ersten Position und seiner zweiten Position zu bewegen.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei sich der mindestens eine Kanal (51) rechts von einer Unterbrechungsstelle des leitenden Elements (40) befindet.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Aufnahmeelement (12) mindestens zwei zusätzliche separate Hohlräume (50) umfasst, die jeweils über mindestens einen Kanal (51) mit dem Aufnahmehohlraum (12a) verbunden sind.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das leitende Element (40) dazu ausgestaltet ist, durch den Kolben (30) an zwei Unterbrechungsstellen unterbrochen zu werden.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei jeder zusätzliche Hohlraum (50) mit dem Aufnahmehohlraum (12a) durch mindestens einen Kanal (51) verbunden ist, der sich rechts von einer Unterbrechungsstelle des leitenden Elements (40) befindet, wobei sich mindestens ein Kanal (51) rechts von jeder Unterbrechungsstelle des leitenden Elements (40) befindet.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei der mindestens eine zusätzliche Hohlraum (50) eine Länge umfasst, die mindestens gleich der Hälfte der Länge des Aufnahmehohlraums (12a) ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei das Volumen des mindestens einen zusätzlichen Hohlraums (50) größer als das oder gleich dem Volumen des Aufnahmehohlraums (12a) ist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei der mindestens eine Kanal (51) in den Aufnahmehohlraum (12a) an einem Abschnitt (P) des Aufnahmehohlraums (12a) mündet, der eine konische Oberfläche von komplementärer Form zu einem Abschnitt des Kolbens (30) aufweist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 oder 6 bis 9, wobei das leitende Element (40) dazu ausgestaltet ist, durch den Kolben (30) an einer Unterbrechungsstelle unterbrochen und gebogen zu werden.
  11. Gesicherte elektrische Installation (300), umfassend eine Abschaltvorrichtung (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 und einen elektrischen Schaltkreis, der mit dem leitenden Element (40) der Vorrichtung verbunden ist.
  12. Fahrzeug, umfassend eine gesicherte elektrische Installation (300) nach Anspruch 11.
EP21734192.4A 2020-05-28 2021-05-24 Plasmakammer-abschaltvorrichtung Active EP4158673B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2005651A FR3111008B1 (fr) 2020-05-28 2020-05-28 Dispositif de coupure à chambre plasma
PCT/FR2021/050941 WO2021240104A1 (fr) 2020-05-28 2021-05-24 Dispositif de coupure a chambre plasma

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4158673A1 EP4158673A1 (de) 2023-04-05
EP4158673B1 true EP4158673B1 (de) 2024-06-05
EP4158673C0 EP4158673C0 (de) 2024-06-05

Family

ID=72266512

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21734192.4A Active EP4158673B1 (de) 2020-05-28 2021-05-24 Plasmakammer-abschaltvorrichtung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11823854B2 (de)
EP (1) EP4158673B1 (de)
JP (1) JP7314428B2 (de)
CN (1) CN115668427B (de)
FR (1) FR3111008B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2021240104A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023211955A1 (en) * 2022-04-27 2023-11-02 Tesla, Inc. Pyrotechnic circuit interrupter for electric vehicle systems
JP7426618B1 (ja) * 2022-12-23 2024-02-02 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 遮断装置

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4224487A (en) * 1978-02-23 1980-09-23 Simonsen Bent P Fast acting explosive circuit interrupter
JPS5746433A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-03-16 Poozu Shimonsun Bento Breaker
DE4422177A1 (de) * 1994-06-28 1996-01-04 Dynamit Nobel Ag Pyrotechnisches Hochstromsicherungselement
EP1464544B1 (de) * 2003-04-03 2010-09-15 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Gehäuse mit Stromleiterschiene für eine Trennvorrichtung
JP2012138231A (ja) * 2010-12-27 2012-07-19 Daikin Ind Ltd 切断装置
US9236208B2 (en) * 2010-12-27 2016-01-12 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Cutter for a current-carrying member
JP5874583B2 (ja) * 2012-08-29 2016-03-02 豊田合成株式会社 導通遮断装置
FR3017240B1 (fr) * 2014-02-04 2016-01-29 Ncs Pyrotechnie Et Tech Sas Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique
EP2996133B8 (de) * 2014-09-09 2017-08-23 ArianeGroup SAS Pyromechanischer Leistungsschalter mit verbesserter Struktur zur Aufnahme einer Stromschiene und Montageverfahren dafür
DE102014117280A1 (de) * 2014-11-25 2016-05-25 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Sicherheitsschaltgerät zum Ein- und sicheren Ausschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers
JP6406189B2 (ja) * 2015-09-11 2018-10-17 豊田合成株式会社 導通遮断装置
US10424448B2 (en) * 2016-02-04 2019-09-24 Tesla, Inc. Pyrotechnic disconnect with arc splitter plates
FR3064107B1 (fr) * 2017-03-17 2023-03-10 Livbag Sas Interrupteur pyrotechnique avec moyens fusibles
US10622176B2 (en) * 2017-10-11 2020-04-14 Key Safety Systems, Inc. High voltage electric line cutter device
US20190244778A1 (en) * 2018-02-05 2019-08-08 Ge Aviation Systems Llc Conductor severing circuit breaker
FR3081255B1 (fr) * 2018-05-21 2020-05-29 Arianegroup Sas Dispositif de coupure pyrotechnique
FR3099287B1 (fr) * 2019-07-25 2023-06-30 Arianegroup Sas Dispositif de coupure pyrotechnique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115668427A (zh) 2023-01-31
FR3111008B1 (fr) 2022-09-23
US11823854B2 (en) 2023-11-21
JP7314428B2 (ja) 2023-07-25
EP4158673C0 (de) 2024-06-05
US20230197383A1 (en) 2023-06-22
EP4158673A1 (de) 2023-04-05
FR3111008A1 (fr) 2021-12-03
CN115668427B (zh) 2024-03-29
WO2021240104A1 (fr) 2021-12-02
JP2023521932A (ja) 2023-05-25

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