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EP4150035B1 - Compositions d'huiles lubrifiantes comprenant des polymères à peigne des polyméthacrylates et des copolymères d'éthylène-oléfine - Google Patents

Compositions d'huiles lubrifiantes comprenant des polymères à peigne des polyméthacrylates et des copolymères d'éthylène-oléfine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4150035B1
EP4150035B1 EP21727244.2A EP21727244A EP4150035B1 EP 4150035 B1 EP4150035 B1 EP 4150035B1 EP 21727244 A EP21727244 A EP 21727244A EP 4150035 B1 EP4150035 B1 EP 4150035B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
oil composition
dispersant
ethylene
olefin copolymer
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4150035A1 (fr
Inventor
Hisanari Onouchi
Isao Tanaka
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Chevron Japan Ltd
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Chevron Japan Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M157/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
    • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
    • C10N2060/14—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by boron or a compound containing boron

Definitions

  • the disclosed technology relates to lubricating oils for internal combustion engines, particularly lubricating oils for spark-ignited engines.
  • Engine oil is blended with various additives to satisfy performance requirements.
  • a challenge in engine oil formulation is to simultaneously achieve wear, deposit, and varnish control while also achieving improved fuel economy.
  • HTHS High Temperature High Shear
  • HTHS is a measure of the viscosity of the lubricating oil composition under severe engine conditions.
  • adding organic or organometallic friction modifiers reduces the surface friction of the lubricating oil composition and allows for better fuel economy.
  • these additives often bring detrimental effects such as increased deposit formation, seals impacts, or they out-compete the anti-wear components for limited surface sites, thereby not allowing the formation of an anti-wear film, causing increased wear.
  • Viscosity modifiers are also widely used to improve viscosity index (VI) of the lubricating oil composition, thickening the oil as the temperature increases. However, at high temperatures and under high stress conditions, viscosity modifier degradation can occur. As this happens, the viscosity of the lubricating oil composition decreases which may lead to increased engine wear.
  • VI viscosity index
  • US patent application US2011/166053 discloses a low-viscosity engine lubricating oil composition comprising a non-dispersant polymethacrylate viscosity modifier and an olefin copolymer.
  • the present disclosure provides a lubricating oil composition having a Kinematic Viscosity at 100° C of less than 9.3 mm 2 /s, comprising:
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for reducing wear in an internal combustion engine comprising lubricating the engine with a lubricating oil composition having a Kinematic Viscosity at 100° C of less than 9.3 mm 2 /s, the lubricating oil composition comprising:
  • the lubricating oil composition comprises a) a major amount on an oil of lubricating viscosity; b) the non-dispersant comb polymethacrylate (PMA) in an amount of 0.4 wt. % to 1.9 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition; and c) the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer in an amount of from 0.08 wt. % to 0.36 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • PMA non-dispersant comb polymethacrylate
  • a “major amount” means in excess of 50 wt. % of a composition.
  • a “minor amount” means less than 50 wt. % of a composition, expressed in respect of the stated additive and in respect of the total mass of all the additives present in the composition, reckoned as active ingredient of the additive or additives.
  • Active ingredients or “actives” refers to additive material that is not diluent or solvent.
  • ppm means parts per million by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • KV Kinematic Viscosity
  • HTHS High Temperature High Shear
  • Metal refers to alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or mixtures thereof.
  • An oil soluble or dispersible material means that an amount of the material needed to provide the desired level of activity or performance can be incorporated by being dissolved, dispersed or suspended in an oil of lubricating viscosity. Usually, this means that at least about 0.001% by weight of the material can be incorporated in a lubricating oil composition.
  • oil soluble and dispersible particularly "stably dispersible", see U.S. Pat. No. 4,320,019 .
  • sulfated ash refers to the non-combustible residue resulting from detergents and metallic additives in lubricating oil. Sulfated ash may be determined in accordance with ASTM D874.
  • Total Base Number refers to the amount of base equivalent to milligrams of KOH in one gram of sample. Thus, higher TBN numbers reflect more alkaline products, and therefore a greater alkalinity. TBN is determined in accordance with ASTM D2896.
  • Weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mw) are measured by GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) with polystyrene as a reference.
  • SSI Shear Stability Index
  • Olefins refers to a class of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, obtained by a number of processes. Those containing one double bond are called mono-alkenes, and those with two double bonds are called dienes, alkyldienes, or diolefins. Alpha olefins are particularly reactive because the double bond is between the first and second carbons. Examples are 1-octene and 1-octadecene, which are used as the starting point for medium-biodegradable surfactants. Linear and branched olefins are also included in the definition of olefins.
  • the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
  • a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of features is not necessarily limited only to those features but may include other features not expressly listed or other features that are inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
  • “or” refers to an inclusive-or and not to an exclusive-or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).
  • the oil of lubricating viscosity (sometimes referred to as “base stock” or “base oil”) is the primary liquid constituent of the lubricating oil composition, into which additives and possibly other oils are blended, for example to produce the final lubricating oil composition.
  • a base oil is useful for making concentrates as well as for making lubricating oil compositions therefrom, and may be selected from natural and synthetic oils and combinations thereof.
  • Natural oils include animal and vegetable oils, liquid petroleum oils and hydrorefined, solvent-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic and mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types. Oils of lubricating viscosity derived from coal or shale are also useful base oils.
  • Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, polypropylenes, propylene-isobutylene copolymers, chlorinated polybutylenes, poly(1-hexenes), poly(1-octenes), and poly(1-decenes); alkylbenzenes (e.g., dodecylbenzenes, tetradecylbenzenes, dinonylbenzenes, and di(2-ethylhexyl)benzenes); polyphenols (e.g., biphenyls, terphenyls, and alkylated polyphenols); and alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulfides and the derivatives, analogues and homologues thereof.
  • hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins (e.g.,
  • Another suitable class of synthetic oils comprises the esters of dicarboxylic acids (e.g., malonic acid, alkyl malonic acids, alkenyl malonic acids, succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids and alkenyl succinic acids, maleic acid, fumaric acid, azclaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer, and phthalic acid) with a variety of alcohols (e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, and propylene glycol).
  • dicarboxylic acids e.g., malonic acid, alkyl malonic acids, alkenyl malonic acids, succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids and alkenyl succinic acids, maleic acid, fumaric acid, azclaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid
  • esters include dibutyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azelate, dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dieicosyl sebacate, the 2-ethylhexyl diester of linoleic acid dimer, and the complex ester formed by reacting one mole of sebacic acid with two moles of tetraethylene glycol and two moles of 2-ethylhexanoic acid.
  • the base oil may be a renewable or bio-derived engine oil. Examples of such engine oils are disclosed in WO2016061050 .
  • the renewable or bio-derived base oil includes a biobased hydrocarbon, such as an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon derived from hydrocarbon terpenes, such as myrcene, ocimene, and farnesene.
  • Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C 5 to C 12 monocarboxylic acids and polyols, and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and tripentaerythritol.
  • the base oil may be derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons.
  • Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons are made from synthesis gas containing H 2 and CO using a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.
  • Such hydrocarbons typically require further processing in order to be useful as the base oil.
  • the hydrocarbons may be hydroisomerized; hydrocracked and hydroisomerized; dewaxed; or hydroisomerized and dewaxed; using processes known to those skilled in the art.
  • Unrefined, refined and re-refined oils can be used as the base oil in the present lubricating oil composition.
  • Unrefined oils are those obtained directly from a natural or synthetic source without further purification treatment. For example, a shale oil obtained directly from retorting operations, a petroleum oil obtained directly from distillation or ester oil obtained directly from an esterification process and used without further treatment would be unrefined oil.
  • Refined oils are similar to the unrefined oils except they have been further treated in one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties. Many such purification techniques, such as distillation, solvent extraction, acid or base extraction, filtration and percolation are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the base oil which may be used to make the present lubricating oil composition may be selected from any of the base oils in Groups I-V as specified in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines (API Publication 1509).
  • Such base oil groups are summarized in Table 1 below: TABLE 1 Base Oil Properties Group (a) Saturates (b) , wt. % Sulfur (c) , wt.
  • Group I % Viscosity Index
  • Group II % Viscosity Index
  • Group III % Viscosity Index
  • Group IV Polyalphaolefins (PAOs) Group V All other base stocks not included in Groups I, II, III or IV
  • Groups I-III are mineral oil base stocks.
  • (b) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2007.
  • (c) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2622, ASTM D3120, ASTM D4294 or ASTM D4927.
  • (d) Determined in accordance with ASTM D2270.
  • Base oils suitable for use herein are any of the variety corresponding to API Group II, Group III, Group IV, and Group V oils and combinations thereof, preferably the Group III to Group V oils due to their exceptional volatility, stability, viscometric and cleanliness features.
  • the base oil constitutes the major component of the lubricating oil composition and is present is an amount ranging from greater than 50 to 99 wt. % (e.g., 70 to 95 wt. %, or 85 to 95 wt. %).
  • the base oil may be selected from any of the synthetic or natural oils typically used as crankcase lubricating oils for spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
  • the base oil typically has a Kinematic Viscosity at 100°C in a range of 1.5 to 6 mm 2 /s. In the case where the Kinematic Viscosity at 100°C of the lubricating base oil exceeds 6 mm 2 /s, low temperature viscosity properties may be reduced, and sufficient fuel efficiency may not be obtained. At a Kinematic Viscosity of 1.5 mm 2 /s or less, formation of an oil film in a lubrication place is insufficient; for this reason, lubrication is inferior, and the evaporation loss of the lubricating oil composition may be increased.
  • a base oil having a Kinematic Viscosity exceeding 6 mm 2 /s is needed.
  • the overall base oil could include a minor portion of a higher cut base oil, such as a 10 cSt polyalphaolefin.
  • the base oil has a Viscosity Index of at least 90 (e.g., at least 95, at least 105, at least 110, at least 115, or at least 120). If the Viscosity Index is less than 90, not only viscosity-temperature properties, heat and oxidation stability, and anti-volatilization are reduced, but also the coefficient of friction tends to be increased; and resistance against wear tends to be reduced.
  • the lubricating oil composition can be a multi-grade oil having a viscosity grade of SAE 0W-XX, wherein XX is any one of 8, 10, 12, 16, and 20. According to one preferred embodiment, the lubricating oil composition has a viscosity grade of SAE 0W-20.
  • the lubricating oil composition has a High Temperature High Shear (HTHS) viscosity at 150°C of 3.0 cP or less (e.g., 1.0 cP to 3.0 cP or 1.3 cP to 3.0 cP), 2.8 cP or less (e.g., 1.0 cP to 2.8 cP or 1.3 cP to 2.8 cP), 2.7 cP or less (e.g., 1.0 cP to 2.7 cP or 1.3 cP to 2.7 cP), 2.6 cP or less (e.g., 1.0 cP to 2.6 cP or 1.3 cP to 2.6 cP), such as 2.5 cP or less (e.g., 1.0 cP to 2.5 cP or 1.3 cP to 2.5 cP) or 2.0 cP or less (e.g., 1.0 cP to 2.0 cP or 1.3 cP to 2.0 cP).
  • HTHS High
  • the lubricating oil composition has a HTHS viscosity at 150°C of 2.5 cP to 2.6 cP, 2.55 cP to less than 2.9 cP, or 2.55 cP to 2.58 cP.
  • the lubricating oil composition has a Viscosity Index of at least 135 (e.g., 135 to 400 or 135 to 250), at least 150 (e.g., 150 to 400 or 150 to 250), at least 165 (e.g., 165 to 400 or 165 to 250), at least 190 (e.g., 190 to 400 or 190 to 250), or at least 200 (e.g., 200 to 400 or 200 to 250). If the Viscosity Index of the lubricating oil composition is less than 135, it may be difficult to improve fuel efficiency while maintaining the desired HTHS viscosity at 150°C.
  • the Viscosity Index of the lubricating oil composition exceeds 400, evaporation properties may be reduced, and deficits due to insufficient solubility of the additives and matching properties with a seal material may be caused.
  • the lubricating oil composition has a Viscosity Index of 200 to 240, 203 to 235, 200 to 210, 220 to 225, or 230 to 240.
  • the lubricating oil composition has a Kinematic Viscosity at 100°C in a range of 3 mm 2 /s to less than 9.3 mm 2 /s (e.g., 3 mm 2 /s to 9 mm 2 /s, 5 mm 2 /s to 9 mm 2 /s, or 6 mm 2 /s to 8 mm 2 /s).
  • the lubricating oil composition has a Kinematic Viscosity at 100°C in a range of 6.9 mm 2 /s to less than 9.3 mm 2 /s, 7.4 mm 2 /s to 7.8 mm 2 /s, 7.45 mm 2 /s to 7.76 mm 2 /s, 7.4 mm 2 /s to 7.5 mm 2 /s, 7.5 mm 2 /s to 7.6 mm 2 /s, 7.6 mm 2 /s to 7.7 mm 2 /s, or 7.7 mm 2 /s to 7.8 mm 2 /s.
  • the lubricating oil composition has an Apparent Viscosity at temperatures ranging from 35°C to -5°C, measured by a Cold Cranking Simulator (CCS), of 3600 mPa ⁇ s to 3900 mPa s.
  • CCS Cold Cranking Simulator
  • the lubricating oil composition has an apparent viscosity of 3600 mPa ⁇ s to 3700 mPa ⁇ s, 3700 mPa ⁇ s to 3800 mPa ⁇ s, or 3800 mPa ⁇ s to 3900 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the level of sulfur in the lubricating oil composition is less than or equal to about 0.7 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition can have a level of sulfur of about 0.01 wt. % to 0.5 wt.%, 0.01 wt. % to 0.4 wt.%, 0.01 wt. % to 0.3 wt.%, 0.01 wt. % to 0.2 wt.%, or 0.01 wt. % to 0.10 wt. %.
  • the level of sulfur in the lubricating oil composition is less than or equal to about 0.60 wt.
  • % less than or equal to about 0.50 wt. %, less than or equal to about 0.40 wt. %, less than or equal to about 0.30 wt. %, less than or equal to about 0.20 wt. %, or less than or equal to about 0.10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the level of phosphorus in the lubricating oil composition is less than or equal to about 0.08 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, e.g., a level of phosphorus of about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.08 wt. %. In one embodiment, the level of phosphorus in the lubricating oil composition is less than or equal to about 0.07 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, e.g., a level of phosphorus of about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.07 wt. %.
  • the level of phosphorus in the lubricating oil composition is less than or equal to about 0.05 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, e.g., a level of phosphorus of about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.05 wt. %.
  • the level of sulfated ash produced by the lubricating oil composition is less than or equal to about 1.00 wt. % as determined by ASTM D874, e.g., a level of sulfated ash of from about 0.10 wt. % to about 1.00 wt. % as determined by ASTM D874. In one embodiment, the level of sulfated ash produced by the lubricating oil composition is less than or equal to about 0.80 wt. % as determined by ASTM D874, e.g., a level of sulfated ash of from about 0.10 wt. % to about 0.80 wt. % as determined by ASTM D874.
  • the level of sulfated ash produced by the lubricating oil composition is less than or equal to about 0.60 wt. % as determined by ASTM D874, e.g., a level of sulfated ash of from about 0.10 wt. % to about 0.60 wt. % as determined by ASTM D874.
  • the present lubricating oil composition may have a total base number (TBN) of 4 to 15 mg KOH/g (e.g., 5 mg KOH/g to 12 mg KOH/g, 6 mg KOH/g to 12 mg KOH/g, or 8 mg KOH/g to 12 mg KOH/g).
  • TBN total base number
  • Viscosity modifiers are present in the lubricating oil composition to impart high and low temperature operability.
  • the viscosity modifiers increase the viscosity of the lubricating oil composition at elevated temperatures, which increases film thickness, while having limited effect on viscosity at low temperatures.
  • Viscosity modifiers may be used to impart that sole function or may be multifunctional. Multifunctional viscosity modifiers can also function as a dispersant.
  • suitable viscosity modifiers are polymers and copolymers of methacrylate, butadiene, olefins, or alkylated styrenes.
  • Other suitable viscosity modifiers include copolymers of ethylene and propylene, hydrogenated block copolymers of styrene and isoprene, and polyacrylates (copolymers of various chain length acrylates, for example).
  • the viscosity modifiers can be present in the lubricating oil composition in a total amount of 0.001 wt. % to 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. In other embodiments, the viscosity modifiers can be present in a total amount of 0.01 wt. % to 8 wt. %, 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. %, 0.4 wt. % to 4 wt. %, 0.6 wt. % to 3 wt. %, 0.7 wt. % to 2 wt. %, 1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. %, or 1.05 wt.
  • the viscosity modifiers are present in a total amount of 1.0 wt. % to 1.2 wt. %, 1.3 wt. % to 1.4 wt. %, or 1.4 wt. % to 1.5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • comb PMA non-dispersant comb polymethacrylate
  • OCP non-dispersant ethylene based olefin copolymer
  • the non-dispersant comb polymethacrylate (comb PMA) is a comb-shaped polymer and thus is a macromolecule in which the main chain has one long branch per repeat unit.
  • the non-dispersant comb PMA has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 390,000 g/mol to 460,000 g/mol.
  • the non-dispersant comb PMA has a Shear Stability Index (SSI) of 0.1 to 1.0, 0.2 to 0.9, or 0.3 to 0.8.
  • SSI Shear Stability Index
  • non-dispersant comb PMA of the lubricating oil composition can be described as set forth in US 2017/0298287A1 and JP2019014802 .
  • the non-dispersant comb PMA can be provided by Viscoplex ® Viscosity Index Improver 3-201 and/or 3-162, which are available from Evonik.
  • the non-dispersant comb PMA is provided by the compound referred to as Viscoplex ® 3-201, which includes, as a main resin component, a comb PMA.
  • This non-dispersant comb PMA has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 420,000 g/mol, a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 70,946 g/mol, and a Mw/Mn of 5.92.
  • the compound has at least a constituent unit derived from a macromonomer having a Mn of 500 or more.
  • the non-dispersant comb PMA is present in an amount of 19 wt. %, based on the total weight of the compound.
  • the non-dispersant combPMA is present in an amount of 0.4 wt. % to 2.0 wt %, 0.5 wt. % to 1.9 wt. %, 0.6 wt. % to 1.8 wt. %, 0.77 wt. % to 1.5 wt. %, or 0.76 wt. % to 1.33 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the non-dispersant combPMA is present in an amount of 0.4 wt. % to 1.9 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition also includes a non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer (OCP) as a viscosity modifier.
  • OCP non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer
  • the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 90,000 g/mol to 160,000 g/mol.
  • Mw weight average molecular weight
  • the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer could have a weight average molecular weight of 95,000 g/mol to 105,000 g/mol, 110,000 g/mol to 115,000 g/mol, or 145,000 g/mol to 150,000 g/mol.
  • the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer has a Shear Stability Index (SSI) of 10 to 70, 15 to 65, or 20 to 60.
  • SSI Shear Stability Index
  • non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer can be described as follows, and as set forth in US 2013/0203640 .
  • the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer is an ethylene propylene copolymer.
  • the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer has a total ethylene content of 35 wt. % to 70 wt. % or 40 wt. % to 65 wt. %, based on the total weight of the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer. In another embodiment, the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer has a total ethylene content of 45 wt. % to 60 wt. %, based on the total weight of the non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer.
  • the lubricating oil composition can include more than one non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer.
  • the lubricating oil composition includes a combination of a first ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (a) and a second ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (b).
  • the lubricating oil composition typically contains about 30 wt. % to about 70 wt. % of the first ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (a) and about 70 wt. % to about 30 wt.
  • the lubricating oil composition contains about 40 wt. % to about 60 wt. % of the first ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (a) and about 60 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the second ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (b) based upon the total amount of (a) and (b) in the composition. In a particular embodiment, the lubricating oil composition contains about 50 wt. % to about 54 wt.
  • the molecular weight distribution of each of the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymers is typically less than about 2.5, and more typically about 2.1 to about 2.4.
  • the polymer distribution as determined by GPC is typically unimodal.
  • the at least one non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer is present in an amount of 0.08 wt. % to 0.4 wt. %, 0.1 wt. or 0.15 wt. % to 0.4 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the at least one non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer is present in an amount of 0.08 wt. % to 0,36 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present disclosure may contain one or more additional performance additives that can impart or improve any desirable property of the lubricating oil composition.
  • additional performance additives Any additive known to those of skill in the art may be used in the lubricating oil composition disclosed herein. Some suitable additives have been described by R.M. Mortier et al. "Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants," 3rd Edition, Springer (2010 ) and L.R. Rudnik “Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications," Second Edition, CRC Press (2009 ).
  • the lubricating oil composition may contain antioxidants, anti-wear agent, metal detergents, dispersants, additional friction modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, additional viscosity modifiers, pour point depressants, foam inhibitors, and others.
  • the concentration of each of the additives in the lubricating oil composition when used, may range from 0.001 wt. % to 10 wt. % (e.g., 0.01 wt. % to 5 wt. % or 0.05 wt. % to 2.5 wt. %), based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. Further, the total amount of additives in the lubricating oil composition may range from 0.001 wt. % to 20 wt. % (e.g., 0.01 wt. % to 15 wt. % or 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. %), based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.
  • Antioxidants retard the oxidative degradation of base oils during service. Such degradation may result in deposits on metal surfaces, the presence of sludge, or a viscosity increase in the lubricating oil composition.
  • Useful antioxidants include hindered phenols, aromatic amines, and sulfurized alkylphenols and alkali and alkaline earth metal salts thereof.
  • the hindered phenol antioxidant may contain a secondary butyl and/or a tertiary butyl group as a sterically hindering group.
  • the phenol group may be further substituted with a hydrocarbyl group and/or a bridging group linking to a second aromatic group.
  • suitable hindered phenol antioxidants include 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 4,4'-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) and 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol).
  • the hindered phenol antioxidant may be an ester or an addition product derived from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and an alkyl acrylate, wherein the alkyl group may contain from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable aromatic amine antioxidants include diarylamines such as alkylated diphenylamines (e.g., dioctyl diphenylamine, dinonyl diphenylamine), phenyl-alpha-naphthalene and alkylated phenyl-alpha-naphthalenes.
  • diarylamines such as alkylated diphenylamines (e.g., dioctyl diphenylamine, dinonyl diphenylamine), phenyl-alpha-naphthalene and alkylated phenyl-alpha-naphthalenes.
  • the lubricating oil composition includes an aminic antioxidant.
  • Anti-wear agents help to reduce the wear of metal parts lubricated with the lubricating oil composition.
  • anti-wear agents include phosphorus-containing anti-wear/extreme pressure agents, such as metal thiophosphates, phosphoric acid esters and salts thereof; phosphorus-containing carboxylic acids, esters, ethers, and amides; and phosphites.
  • the anti-wear agent may be zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP).
  • Non-phosphorus-containing anti-wear agents include borate esters (including borated epoxides), dithiocarbamate compounds, molybdenum-containing compounds, and sulfurized olefins.
  • the lubricating oil composition includes ZnDTP as an anti-wear agent.
  • a typical detergent is an anionic material that contains a long chain hydrophobic portion of the molecule and a smaller anionic or oleophobic hydrophilic portion of the molecule.
  • the anionic portion of the detergent is typically derived from an organic acid, such as a sulfur acid, carboxylic acid, phosphorous acid, phenol, or mixtures thereof.
  • the counterion is typically an alkaline earth or alkali metal.
  • the excess metal exists in the form of particles of inorganic base (e.g., a hydroxide or carbonate) surrounded by a sheath of metal salt.
  • the sheath serves to maintain the particles in dispersion in a liquid oleaginous vehicle.
  • the amount of excess metal is commonly expressed as the ratio of total equivalence of excess metal to equivalence of organic acid and is typically in a range of 0.1 to 30.
  • the metal can be any metal suitable for making sulfonate, phenate, salicylate, or phosphonate detergents.
  • suitable metals include alkali metals, alkaline metals and transition metals.
  • the metal is Ca, Mg, Ba, K, Na, Li or the like.
  • the metal detergent could be an overbased detergent, such as a low overbased (LOB), medium overbased (MOB), or high overbased (HOB) detergent.
  • an overbased detergent such as a low overbased (LOB), medium overbased (MOB), or high overbased (HOB) detergent.
  • the low overbased detergent could be an overbased salt having a base number (BN) below 100.
  • the BN of the low overbased salt may be from about 5 to about 50.
  • the BN of the low overbased salt may be from about 10 to about 30.
  • the BN of the low overbased salt may be from about 15 to about 20.
  • the base numbers of the overbased detergents are measured in the presence of diluent oil, not on an oil free basis
  • the high overbased detergent could be an overbased salt having a BN above 250.
  • the BN of the high overbased salt may be from about 250 to about 550.
  • the base numbers of the overbased detergents are measured in the presence of diluent oil, not on an oil free basis.
  • a dispersant is an additive whose primary function is to hold solid and liquid contaminations in suspension, thereby passivating them and reducing engine deposits at the same time as reducing sludge depositions.
  • a dispersant maintains in suspension oil-insoluble substances that result from oxidation during use of the lubricating oil composition, thus preventing sludge flocculation and precipitation or deposition on metal parts of the engine.
  • a preferred class of olefin polymers is constituted by polybutylenes, specifically polyisobutylenes (PIB) or poly-n-butylenes, such as may be prepared by polymerization of a C4 refinery stream.
  • PIB polyisobutylenes
  • poly-n-butylenes such as may be prepared by polymerization of a C4 refinery stream.
  • Dispersants include, for example, derivatives of long chain hydrocarbon-substituted carboxylic acids, examples being derivatives of high molecular weight hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid.
  • a noteworthy group of dispersants is constituted by hydrocarbon-substituted succinimides, made, for example, by reacting the above acids (or derivatives) with a nitrogen-containing compound, advantageously a polyalkylene polyamine, such as a polyethylene polyamine.
  • Succinic esters are formed by the condensation reaction between hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydrides and alcohols or polyols.
  • the condensation product of a hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydride and pentaerythritol is a useful dispersant.
  • Succinic ester-amides are formed by a condensation reaction between hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydrides and alkanol amines.
  • suitable alkanol amines include ethoxylated polyalkylpolyamines, propoxylated polyalkylpolyamines and polyalkenylpolyamines, such as polyethylene polyamines.
  • propoxylated hexamethylenediamine is propoxylated hexamethylenediamine.
  • Mannich bases are made from the reaction of an alkylphenols, formaldehyde, and a polyalkylene polyamines. Molecular weights of the alkylphenol may range from 800 to 2500.
  • Nitrogen-containing dispersants may be post-treated by conventional methods to improve their properties by reaction with any of a variety of agents.
  • agents e.g., boric acid
  • cyclic carbonates e.g., ethylene carbonate
  • the lubricating oil composition includes borated succinimide and ethylene carbonate (EC) treated succinimide as ashless dispersants.
  • the lubricating oil composition can include friction modifiers.
  • a friction modifier is any material or materials that can alter the coefficient of friction of a surface lubricated by any lubricant or fluid containing such material(s).
  • Friction modifiers include alkoxylated fatty amines, borated fatty epoxides, fatty phosphites, fatty epoxides, fatty amines, borated alkoxylated fatty amines, metal salts of fatty acids, fatty acid amides, glycerol esters, borated glycerol esters, and fatty imidazolines.
  • fatty means a hydrocarbon chain having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, typically a straight hydrocarbon chain.
  • the lubricating oil composition includes an organomolybdenum compound, also referred to as a molybdenum containing compound.
  • the organomolybdenum compound contains at least molybdenum, carbon and hydrogen atoms, but may also contain sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen, and/or oxygen atoms.
  • Suitable organomolybdenum compounds include molybdenum dithiocarbamates, molybdenum dithiophosphates, and various organic molybdenum complexes such as molybdenum carboxylates, molybdenum esters, molybdenum amines, molybdenum amides, which can be obtained by reacting molybdenum oxide or ammonium molybdates with fats, glycerides or fatty acids, or fatty acid derivatives (e.g., esters, amines, and amides).
  • fatty means a carbon chain having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, typically a straight carbon chain.
  • Molybdate esters can be prepared by methods disclosed in US 4,889,647 and US 6,806,241 B2 .
  • a commercial example is MOLYVAN ® 855 additive, which is manufactured by R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc.
  • Trinuclear molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamates are also known in the art, as taught by U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,888,945 and 6,010,987 .
  • Trinuclear molybdenum compounds preferably have the formulas Mo 3 S 4 (dtc) 4 , Mo 3 S 7 (dtc) 4 , and mixtures thereof, wherein dtc represents independently selected diorganodithiocarbamate ligands containing independently selected organo groups, and wherein the ligands have a sufficient number of carbon atoms among all the organo groups of the compound's ligands to render the compound soluble or dispersible in the lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition includes molybdenum dithiophosphate (MoDTP).
  • MoDTP is an organomolybdenum compound represented by the following structure (2): wherein R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , and R 8 are independently of each other, linear or branched alkyl groups having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms (e.g., 8 to 13 carbon atoms).
  • Molybdenum carboxylates are described in U.S. Pat. RE 38,929 , and U.S. Pat. No. 6,174,842 , which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Molybdenum carboxylates can be derived from any oil soluble carboxylic acid. Typical carboxylic acids include naphthenic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and linolenic acid. Commercial sources of carboxylates produce from these particular acids are MOLYBDENUM NAP-ALL, MOLYBDENUM HEX-CEM, and MOLYBDENUM LIN-ALL respectively. A manufacturer of these products is OMG OM Group.
  • Ammonium molybdates are prepared by the reaction of an acidic molybdenum source, such as molybdenum trioxide, molybdic acid, ammonium molybdate, and ammonium thiomolybdates, with oil-soluble amines, optionally in the presence of sulfur sources, such sulfur, inorganic sulfides, polysulfides, and carbons disulfide.
  • the preferred aminic compounds are polyamine dispersants that are commonly used in engine oil compositions. Examples of such dispersants are succinimides and Mannich type dispersants. References to these dispersants are provided in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,259,194 , 4,259,195 , 4,265,773 , 4,265,843 , 4,727,387 , 4,283,295 , and 4,285,822 .
  • the molybdenum amine is a molybdenum-succinimide complex.
  • Suitable molybdenum-succinimide complexes are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 8,076,275 . These complexes are prepared by a process comprising reacting an acidic molybdenum compound with an alkyl or alkenyl succinimide of a polyamine of structure (3), (4), or mixtures thereof: wherein R is a C 24 to C 350 (e.g., C 70 to C 128 ) alkyl or alkenyl group; R' is a straight or branched-chain alkylene group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms; x is 1 to 11; and y is 1 to 10.
  • the molybdenum compounds used to prepare the molybdenum-succinimide complex are acidic molybdenum compounds or salts of acidic molybdenum compounds.
  • acidic is meant that the molybdenum compounds will react with a basic nitrogen compound as measured by ASTM D664 or D2896.
  • the acidic molybdenum compounds are hexavalent.
  • suitable molybdenum compounds include molybdenum trioxide, molybdic acid, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, potassium molybdate and other alkaline metal molybdates and other molybdenum salts such as hydrogen salts, (e.g., hydrogen sodium molybdate), MoOCl 4 , MoO 2 Br 2 , Mo 2 O 3 Cl 6 , and the like.
  • succinimides that can be used to prepare the molybdenum-succinimide complex are disclosed in numerous references and are well known in the art. Certain fundamental types of succinimides and the related materials encompassed by the term of art "succinimide” are taught in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,172,892 ; 3,219,666 ; and 3,272,746 .
  • the term "succinimide” is understood in the art to include many of the amide, imide, and amidine species which may also be formed. The predominant product however is a succinimide and this term has been generally accepted as meaning the product of a reaction of an alkyl or alkenyl substituted succinic acid or anhydride with a nitrogen-containing compound.
  • Preferred succinimides are those prepared by reacting a polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride of about 70 to 128 carbon atoms with a polyalkylene polyamine selected from triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, and mixtures thereof.
  • the molybdenum containing compound is free of sulfur.
  • Suitable sources of sulfur include elemental sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus pentasulfide, organic polysulfides of formula R 2 S x , where R is hydrocarbyl (e.g., C 1 to C 10 alkyl) and x is at least 3, C 1 to C 10 mercaptans, inorganic sulfides and polysulfides, thioacetamide, and thiourea.
  • R is hydrocarbyl (e.g., C 1 to C 10 alkyl) and x is at least 3, C 1 to C 10 mercaptans, inorganic sulfides and polysulfides, thioacetamide, and thiourea.
  • the molybdenum containing compound is used in an amount that provides molybdenum to the lubricating oil composition in an amount of 50 ppm to 1200 ppm, 50 ppm to 1000 ppm, 50 ppm to 800 ppm, 50 ppm to 600 ppm, 50 ppm to 400 ppm, or 50 ppm to 200 ppm.
  • the lubricating oil composition is substantially free of the molybdenum containing compound.
  • the molybdenum containing compound can promote the formation of a molybdenum containing lubricating film on a metal surface of the engine.
  • the lubricating oil composition includes MoDTC in an amount ranging from 0.6 wt. % to 0.8 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • Corrosion inhibitors protect lubricated metal surfaces against chemical attack by water or other contaminants.
  • Suitable corrosion inhibitors include polyoxyalkylene polyols and esters thereof, polyoxyalkylene phenols, thiadiazoles, and anionic alkyl sulfonic acids.
  • pour point depressants lower the minimum temperature at which a fluid will flow or can be poured.
  • Suitable pour point depressants include C8 to C18 dialkyl fumarate/vinyl acetate copolymers, polyalkylmethacrylates, and the like.
  • Foam inhibitors retard the formation of stable foams.
  • suitable foam inhibitors include polysiloxanes, polyacrylates, and the like.
  • the lubricating oil compositions disclosed herein can be prepared by any method known to a person of ordinary skill in the art for making lubricating oils.
  • the viscosity modifiers and other additives may be added to the base oil individually or simultaneously.
  • the additives are added to the base oil individually in one or more additions and the additions may be in any order.
  • the additives are added to the base oil simultaneously, optionally in the form of an additive concentrate.
  • some of the additives are added individually and some are added in the form of the additive concentrate.
  • the solubilizing of the additives in the base oil may be assisted by heating the mixture to a temperature of about 25 °C to about 200 °C, about 50 °C to about 150 °C, or about 75 °C to about 125 °C.
  • Any mixing or dispersing equipment known to a person of ordinary skill in the art may be used for blending, mixing, or solubilizing the ingredients used to form the lubricating oil composition.
  • the blending, mixing, or solubilizing may be carried out with a blender, an agitator, a disperser, a mixer (e.g., planetary mixers and double planetary mixers), a homogenizer (e.g., Gaulin homogenizers and Rannie homogenizers), a mill (e.g., colloid mill, ball mill, and sand mill), or any other mixing or dispersing equipment known in the art.
  • a blender e.g., planetary mixers and double planetary mixers
  • a homogenizer e.g., Gaulin homogenizers and Rannie homogenizers
  • a mill e.g., colloid mill, ball mill, and sand mill
  • any other mixing or dispersing equipment known in the art e.g., colloid mill
  • the lubricating oil composition disclosed herein may be suitable for use as a motor oil (an engine oil or crankcase oil) in a spark-ignited internal combustion engine.
  • the lubricating oil composition is preferably used in engines or crankcases requiring a viscosity grade of SAE 0W-20, 0W-16, or 0W-12.
  • the lubricating oil composition can be used to lubricate an engine comprising a valve train system which includes roller follower rocker arms.
  • the wt. % of ingredients (a) - (h) includes any diluent and/or solvent that may be present and thus is not an active basis.
  • OCP1 is a concentrate containing 10 wt% of a non-dispersant ethylene-propylene copolymer having an ethylene content of 57 wt. %, Mw of about 100,000, Mn of about 40,000, and a SSI of 24.
  • OCP 2 is a concentrate containing 8.75 wt% of a non-dispersant ethylene-propylene copolymer having an ethylene content of 57 wt. %, Mw of 112,000, Mn of 49,000, and a SSI of 35.
  • OCP 3 is a concentrate containing 8.8 wt. % of a non-dispersant ethylene-propylene copolymer having an ethylene content of 49 wt. %, a Mw of 146,000, a Mn of 84,000 Mn, and a SSI of 50.
  • the lubricating oil compositions of Inventive Examples 1-9 as well as Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested for their fuel economy performance in a gasoline motored engine test.
  • the engine was a Toyota 2ZR-FE 1.8L in-line 4-cylinder arrangement.
  • the torque meter was positioned between the motor and the crank shaft of the engine and the percent torque change was measured between a reference and candidate lubricating oil composition.
  • the percent (%) torque change at oil temperatures of 60° C, 80° C, and 100° C, and engine speeds of 400 rpm, 550 rpm, 750 rpm, 1000 rpm, 1500 rpm, and 2000 rpm were measured. Lower percent torque change (i.e., more negative) reflects better fuel economy.

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Claims (15)

  1. Composition d'huile lubrifiante, comprenant :
    a) une quantité majoritaire d'une huile de viscosité lubrifiante ;
    b) 0,4 % en poids à 2,0 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante, d'un polyméthacrylate (PMA) en peigne non dispersant ayant un poids moléculaire moyen en poids (Mw) de 390 000 g/mole à 460 000 g/mole ; et
    c) 0,08 % en poids à 0,4 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante, d'un copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant ayant un poids moléculaire moyen en poids (Mw) de 90 000 g/mole à 160 000 g/mole,
    la composition d'huile lubrifiante ayant une viscosité cinématique à 100 °C inférieure à 9,3 mm2/s.
  2. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le PMA en peigne non dispersant a un indice de stabilité au cisaillement (SSI) de 0,3 à 0,8, mesuré conformément à la norme ASTM D7109.
  3. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant a un indice de stabilité au cisaillement (SSI) de 10 à 70, mesuré conformément à la norme ASTM D7109.
  4. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant :
    (i) a une teneur totale en éthylène de 45 % en poids à 60 % en poids, sur la base du poids total du copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant, ou
    (ii) est un copolymère d'éthylène-propylène.
  5. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le PMA en peigne non dispersant est présent en une quantité de 0,76 % en poids à 1,33 % en poids, et le copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant est présent en une quantité de 0,08 à 0,4 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante.
  6. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le PMA en peigne non dispersant et le copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant sont présents en une quantité totale de 0,4 % en poids à 4 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante.
  7. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'huile de viscosité lubrifiante est une huile de base du groupe III de l'API.
  8. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la composition comprend en outre un composé du molybdène, dans laquelle éventuellement :
    (i) le composé du molybdène est le dithiocarbamate de molybdène (MoDTC), ou
    (ii) le composé du molybdène fournit à la composition d'huile lubrifiante une quantité de molybdène dans la plage de 50 ppm à 1 200 ppm.
  9. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la composition d'huile lubrifiante a un degré de viscosité SAE 0W-20, 0W-16 ou 0W-12.
  10. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la composition d'huile lubrifiante a une viscosité à cisaillement élevé à haute température (HTHS) à 150 °C de 2,55 cP à moins de 2,9 cP.
  11. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la composition d'huile lubrifiante a un indice de viscosité de 200 à 240.
  12. Procédé pour la réduction de l'usure dans un moteur à combustion interne comprenant la lubrification dudit moteur avec une composition d'huile lubrifiante ayant une viscosité cinématique à 100 °C inférieure à 9,3 mm2/s, la composition d'huile lubrifiante comprenant :
    a) une quantité majoritaire d'une huile de viscosité lubrifiante ;
    b) 0,4 % en poids à 2,0 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante, d'un polyméthacrylate (PMA) en peigne non dispersant ayant un poids moléculaire moyen en poids (Mw) de 390 000 g/mole à 460 000 g/mole ; et
    c) 0,08 % en poids à 0,4 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante, d'un copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant ayant un poids moléculaire moyen en poids (Mw) de 90,000 g/mole à 160,000 g/mole.
  13. Composition d'huile lubrifiante selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle
    le polyméthacrylate (PMA) en peigne non dispersant est présent en une quantité de 0,4 % en poids à 1,9 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante ; et
    le copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant est présent en une quantité de 0,08 % en poids à 0,36 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante.
  14. Procédé pour la réduction de l'usure dans un moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 12 dans lequel
    le polyméthacrylate (PMA) en peigne non dispersant est présent en une quantité de 0,4 % en poids à 1,9 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante ; et
    le copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène non dispersant est présent en une quantité de 0,08 % en poids à 0,36 % en poids, sur la base du poids total de la composition d'huile lubrifiante.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 12 ou 14, dans lequel le moteur comprend des culbuteurs à galet suiveur.
EP21727244.2A 2020-05-14 2021-05-14 Compositions d'huiles lubrifiantes comprenant des polymères à peigne des polyméthacrylates et des copolymères d'éthylène-oléfine Active EP4150035B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202063024777P 2020-05-14 2020-05-14
PCT/IB2021/054137 WO2021229517A1 (fr) 2020-05-14 2021-05-14 Composition d'huile lubrifiante comprenant des modificateurs de viscosité de polyméthacrylate en peigne et de copolymère d'oléfine à base d'éthylène

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EP4150035A1 EP4150035A1 (fr) 2023-03-22
EP4150035B1 true EP4150035B1 (fr) 2024-10-02

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JP (1) JP7620643B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20230011331A (fr)
CN (1) CN115551976A (fr)
CA (1) CA3182688A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021229517A1 (fr)

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KR20230011331A (ko) 2023-01-20
EP4150035A1 (fr) 2023-03-22
CN115551976A (zh) 2022-12-30
CA3182688A1 (fr) 2021-11-18
WO2021229517A1 (fr) 2021-11-18
JP2023525328A (ja) 2023-06-15
JP7620643B2 (ja) 2025-01-23

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