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EP4058204A1 - Procédé pour revêtir un substrat avec une imprimante à jet d'encre du type goutte à la demande - Google Patents

Procédé pour revêtir un substrat avec une imprimante à jet d'encre du type goutte à la demande

Info

Publication number
EP4058204A1
EP4058204A1 EP20801273.2A EP20801273A EP4058204A1 EP 4058204 A1 EP4058204 A1 EP 4058204A1 EP 20801273 A EP20801273 A EP 20801273A EP 4058204 A1 EP4058204 A1 EP 4058204A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating composition
iso
nozzle
substrate
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20801273.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk Achten
Ann-Christin BIJLARD-JUNG
Fabian SCHUSTER
Tanja Hebestreit
Joerg Tillack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4058204A1 publication Critical patent/EP4058204A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/02Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
    • B05B12/04Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery for sequential operation or multiple outlets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2503/00Polyurethanes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for coating a substrate, comprising the step of applying a coating composition drop by drop from a print head to a substrate, the print head having a closable opening which, on the instruction of a control unit, allows or prevents the emergence of a droplet of the coating composition.
  • An industrial paint is typically characterized by the combination of the functions of protection and decoration.
  • Typical industrial lacquers in application areas such as transport, furniture and the flooring industry can have lacquer layer thicknesses of 0.01 to 0.2 mm, whereby several functional layers are often combined. These layers are usually: primer as an adhesion promoter to the substrate, basecoat as a coloring layer and topcoat or clearcoat as the primary protective layer.
  • EP 3 257 590 A1 discloses a device for mask-free painting of an aircraft surface, comprising a multi-axis robot with at least one applicator for the paint, the applicator being set up to apply the paint by means of a technology for ejecting the paint.
  • the lacquer can be, for example, an external primer, a base lacquer, a top lacquer, a decorative lacquer, a clear lacquer, a functional lacquer or a protective lacquer.
  • the technology can be an inkjet technology.
  • WO 2019/030267 A1 discloses a method for producing a 3-dimensional object comprising at least a first and a second object section, the first object section being generated by means of a 3D printing method directly on the second object section which is not generated using a 3D printing method and wherein the first object section produced by means of a 3D printing process contains or consists of a polyurethane resin.
  • WO 2016/046134 A1 discloses a high-viscosity valve jet method in which a liquid is ejected through an opening of a valve jet print head.
  • the opening is defined on the basis of certain geometric parameters and the discharge viscosity of the liquid is between 20 mPa s and 3000 mPa s.
  • WO 2019/109040 A1 describes a system for applying a paint to a substrate using an applicator with a high application efficiency.
  • the system includes a high efficiency applicator that defines a nozzle.
  • the paint comprises a carrier and a binder.
  • the paint has a viscosity of about 0.002 Pa * s to about 0.2 Pa * s, a density of about 838 kg / m 3 to about 1557 kg / m 3 , a surface tension of about 0.015 N / m to about 0.05 N / m and a relaxation time of about 0.0005 s to about 0.02 s.
  • the high efficiency applicator is configured to dispense the paint through the nozzle opening onto the substrate to form a layer of paint. At least 80% of the droplets of the paint delivered from the applicator with high application efficiency come into contact with the substrate.
  • US Pat. No. 7,927,669 B2 relates to a method for applying coatings, such as paints in particular, to surfaces using a device which comprises a dosing head which has at least one nozzle that can be controlled by a control signal.
  • the method comprises the steps: moving a substrate with a surface to be coated along this surface relative to the dosing head and / or moving the dosing head relative to a surface of a substrate to be coated, and applying a fluid coating material to the surface through the nozzle in response at least one control signal generated by a computer.
  • the present invention has set itself the task of providing a digital printing method with which coating compositions - in contrast to inks - can be processed.
  • a method for coating a substrate comprising the step of applying a coating composition drop by drop from a nozzle onto a substrate, the nozzle has a closable opening which, on the instruction of a control unit, allows or prevents the exit of a droplet of the coating composition.
  • the coating composition is applied more than once to less than 30% of the surface of the substrate, so that when the nozzle opening is closed, a pressure of> 1.2 bar to ⁇ 3.5 bar is applied Coating composition acts and that the opening of the nozzle has a diameter of> 80 mhi to ⁇ 250 mhi.
  • the coating composition comprises a reactive resin, a hardener for the resin and a solvent, in the coating composition resin and hardener are present together in a proportion of> 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating composition, and that the Coating composition has a viscosity at 20 ° C., measured according to EN ISO 3219 / A3 at a shear rate of 1000 / s, of> 20 mPa s to ⁇ 80 mPa s.
  • the method according to the invention allows individual droplets of a solvent-based two-component paint formulation (2K paint formulation) to be applied to a substrate, the droplets combining to form a cohesive layer on the substrate. After the solvent has evaporated, a coherent coating is then obtained on the substrate. It has surprisingly been found that, within the parameters provided according to the invention, coatings satisfying the quality requirements can be obtained efficiently and economically. Standard paint formulations can already be used for this. Following application, the coating can be cured using conventional methods.
  • 2K paint formulation solvent-based two-component paint formulation
  • the closable opening of the nozzle shows the coating process as a variant of the so-called drop-on-demand printing process, in particular as a coating process carried out by means of valve jet printers.
  • the opening of the nozzle can be opened or closed, for example, by means of a magnetically actuated plunger.
  • the frequency with which the opening of the nozzle is opened and closed again can preferably be in the range from 800 Hz to 4000 Hz.
  • control unit is usually arranged in the device used for the method, such as a valve jet printer, and can for example contain a raster image processor (RIP).
  • RIP raster image processor
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for being carried out as a so-called single-pass method.
  • the coating composition is applied more than once to less than 30% of the surface of the substrate.
  • each surface section of the substrate to be printed is printed only once with the coating composition.
  • the method according to the invention differs, among other things, in that larger droplets are ejected. Due to the process, the drops are precisely placed. Furthermore, significantly less solvent evaporates on the short trajectory of the droplet between the nozzle and the substrate. The solvent still present in the formulation can then ensure such a reduction in the viscosity of the formulation on the substrate that a continuous film can be formed from the individual droplets.
  • a pressure of> 1.2 bar to ⁇ 3.5 bar should act on the coating composition. This can be seen as the "operating pressure" of a valve jet printer and is easier to determine than a pressure when the nozzle is open while material emerges.
  • Preferred pressures are> 1.2 bar to ⁇ 3 bar and particularly preferably> 1.4 bar to ⁇ 2.5 bar.
  • the opening of the nozzle should have a diameter of> 80 mhi to ⁇ 250 mhi.
  • Preferred diameters are> 100 mhi to ⁇ 200 mhi, particularly preferably> 120 mhi to ⁇ 150 mhi.
  • the type of substrate is not particularly limited.
  • the substrate can be planar or curved.
  • the method according to the invention can also process comparatively large substrates, for example with areas of over 1 m 2 , over 10 m 2 or over 100 m 2 .
  • Suitable materials can be aluminum, steel or polymers.
  • the substrate can be part of a finished arrangement such as a machine housing or it can be in the form of a semi-finished product such as tape, roll or flat goods.
  • the coating composition comprises a reactive resin, a hardener for the resin and a solvent and can therefore be regarded as a 2K composition. These compositions are only prepared before application, as the reaction between the resin and the hardener means that the processing time is limited. Typical reactions between the resin and the hardener are cross-linking reactions with the formation of covalent bonds.
  • the composition can of course also contain other components such as reactive diluents or additives. Coating compositions containing solids can also be processed in this way. The d90 value of the Particle size distribution for these particles is preferably ⁇ 5 mih.
  • the coating composition can be designed as a primer, colored lacquer or topcoat.
  • the proportion of resin and hardener totaling> 20% by weight further distinguishes the composition from binder-containing inkjet inks. In such inks, the proportion of binder is significantly lower.
  • the total proportion of resin and hardener is> 30% by weight and more preferably> 40% by weight.
  • the viscosity envisaged according to the invention also distinguishes the composition from binder-containing inkjet inks; in the latter it is significantly lower.
  • Preferred viscosities are> 25 mPa s to ⁇ 70 mPa s and particularly preferably> 30 mPa s to ⁇ 65 mPa s.
  • the process can be carried out in such a way that the desired wet paint film thickness, based on the amount of paint used, is produced with a material yield of> 90%, preferably> 95% and very particularly preferably 98%, since there is no overspray and no relevant evaporation of solvent or components on the way to the substrate.
  • the method can furthermore be carried out in such a way that the desired dry lacquer layer thickness is a factor of 1.5 less, preferably 1.7 less and very particularly preferably 2 less than the wet lacquer layer thickness.
  • the method can furthermore be carried out in such a way that a solvent lacquer to be applied loses less than 20%, preferably less than 10% and very preferably less than 5% of its solvent on the way to the substrate, which means that the necessary solvent evaporation process can take place in a controlled manner on the substrate, which leads to less Environmental pollution and improved surface qualities compared to conventional spray application processes can be obtained.
  • a lacquer layer obtained by the method according to the invention can, after being carried out once (single-pass printing), have a dry film thickness (DFT) in the range from 0.015-0.080 mm, preferably 0.02 to 0.06 mm and very particularly preferably 0.025 to 0.05 mm.
  • DFT dry film thickness
  • the following parameters are selected so that, according to the following formula, the calculated key figure K is> 0.4 to ⁇ 4: With:
  • R spatial resolution of the application of the coating composition, expressed in points per 2.54 cm p: pressure acting on the coating composition with the opening of the nozzle closed, given in bar d: diameter of the closable opening of the nozzle, given in mhi
  • the coating composition is applied dropwise to the substrate from a plurality of nozzles and each of the nozzles has a closable opening which, independently of other closable openings of other nozzles, allows or prevents the exit of a droplet of the coating composition on the instruction of the control unit.
  • the spatial resolution of the application of the coating composition is> 30 points per 2.54 cm to ⁇ 150 points per 2.54 cm. This is the usual specification of the resolution in dots in the printing industry per inch (dpi). Preferred resolutions are> 40 points per 2.54 cm to ⁇ 130 points and particularly preferably> 50 points per 2.54 cm to ⁇ 120 points per 2.54 cm.
  • the solvent in the coating composition is selected from: water, n-hexane, iso-hexane, cyclohexane, n-heptane, iso-heptane, n-octane, iso-octane, white spirit, xylene, solvent naphtha, propanol, n -Butanol, isobutanol, butyl glycol, butyl diglycol, ethylene glycol, diethyl glycol, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, 2-butoxyethyl acetate, l-methoxy-2-propyl acetate, butanone, acetone, 2-heptanone, 2,4-pentanedione, 2-pentanone, ethyl-3 ethoxypropionate, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 4-methylpentan-2-one or a mixture of at least two of the aforementioned
  • the coating composition has a pot life of> 30 minutes to ⁇ 480 minutes, the pot life being defined as the time until the viscosity determined at 23 ° C according to DIN EN ISO 3219 / A doubles.
  • the pot life is preferably> 60 minutes to ⁇ 240 minutes.
  • the resin is an epoxy resin and the hardener is a polymerization catalyst, a primary amine, a cyclic anhydride, a polyphenol, a thiol or a mixture of at least two of the aforementioned compounds.
  • epoxy resins and epoxy hardeners form the epoxy resin binder, which hardens via polyaddition reactions.
  • mostly low-viscosity or low-molecular, monomeric and oligomeric components of the binder are formed through the crosslinking reaction, high-molecular, three-dimensional networks.
  • the network nodes arise from the reaction of the functional groups of the resins and hardeners.
  • Particularly suitable epoxy resins are those based on glycidyl ethers, glycidyl esters, glycidylamines, cycloaliphatic epoxides and glycidyl isocyanurates.
  • hardeners are 1,3-diaminobenzene, diethylenetriamine, 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexylamine) and hexahydrophthalic anhydride.
  • the resin is a polyol, a polyamine, an amino alcohol or a mixture of at least two of the aforementioned compounds and the hardener is a blocked or unblocked polyisocyanate.
  • Suitable polyols are the polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polyester amide polyols, polyamide polyols, epoxy resin polyols and their reaction products with CO2 and polyacrylate polyols known from polyurethane chemistry.
  • polyamines are 3-amino-1-methylaminopropane, 3-amino-1-ethylaminopropane, 3-amino-1-cyclohexylaminopropane or 3-amino-1-methylaminobutane.
  • amino alcohols are N-aminoethylethanolamine, ethanolamine, 3-aminopropanol, neopentanolamine or diethanolamine.
  • polyisocyanates are polyisocyanates or polyisocyanate mixtures with exclusively aliphatically and / or cycloaliphatically bound isocyanate groups with an (average) NCO functionality between 2.0 and 5.0 and a viscosity at 23 ° C. of 10 to 2000 mPas.
  • Suitable polyisocyanates are in particular those based on isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, bis (4-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane and w, w'-diisocyanato-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane (H6XDI).
  • the diisocyanates mentioned can optionally be used as such, or derivatives of the diisocyanates are used. Suitable derivatives are polyisocyanates containing biuret, isocyanurate, uretdione, urethane, iminooxadiazinedione, oxadiazinetrione, carbodiimide, acylurea or allophanate groups. Low-monomer paint polyisocyanates with these structural elements made from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, or bis- (4-isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane are particularly preferred.
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane
  • the polyisocyanate component can optionally be hydrophilically modified.
  • Water-soluble or water-dispersible polyisocyanates are, for example, modified with carboxylate, sulfonate and / or polyethylene oxide groups and / or
  • Suitable blocking agents for the polyisocyanates are, for example, monohydric alcohols such as oximes such as acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, cyclohexanone oxime, lactams such as e-caprolactam, phenols, amines such as diisopropylamine or dibutylamine, dimethylpyrazole or triazole and dimethyl malonate, dibutyl malonate or malonic acid ester.
  • monohydric alcohols such as oximes such as acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, cyclohexanone oxime, lactams such as e-caprolactam, phenols, amines such as diisopropylamine or dibutylamine, dimethylpyrazole or triazole and dimethyl malonate, dibutyl malonate or malonic acid ester.
  • a coating composition comprising the isocyanurate of 1,6-HDI (“HDI trimer”) and a polyacrylate polyol is particularly preferred.
  • HDI trimer isocyanurate of 1,6-HDI
  • a polyacrylate polyol is particularly preferred.
  • BA butyl acetate
  • MPA l-methoxy-2-propyl acetate
  • solvent naphtha solvent naphtha and their Mixtures can be used.
  • a silicone additive can be added to influence the surface activity.
  • the NCO index in the coating composition is 0.8 to 1.5, preferably 0.9 to 1.3 and particularly preferably 1 to 1.2.
  • the eddy current method is used for measurements on non-magnetic substrates (e.g. aluminum) (DIN EN ISO 2360). It is based on the change in the magnetic field of an electromagnet, caused by eddy currents in the electrically conductive substrate. This change in magnetic field depends on the dry thickness of the coating.
  • Coating thickness measuring devices with integrated probes or hand-held, exchangeable probes are available, for example, from the manufacturers Helmut Fischer, Erichsen, BYK-Gardner, Elcometer or TQC.
  • the viscosity is determined in accordance with DIN EN ISO 3219 / A3 and was carried out using an Anton Paar MCR301 rheometer.
  • Component A Acrylate-containing polyol Setalux® DA 665 (BA / X) from Allnex Resins Germany GmbH, or Allnex Netherlands BV.
  • BYK®331 (10% in methoxypropyl acetate) from BYK-Chemie is a silicone-containing surface additive for solvent-based, solvent-free and water-based paints and printing inks.
  • Component B is a compound having Component B:
  • Polyisocyanate A DESMODUR ULTRA N 3390 BA / SN HDI trimer (NCO functionality> 3) with an NCO content of 19.6% by weight (according to ISO 11909), non-volatile content approx. 90% (according to ISO 3251, 120 min, 100 ° C) from Covestro AG.
  • the viscosity is approx. 550 mPa s at 23 ° C (DIN EN ISO 3219 / A3).
  • Aluminum sheets served as substrates. These were previously cleaned with ethyl acetate.
  • component A the acrylate-containing polyol or mixtures of both polyols were diluted with BA or MPA / SN and the surface additive was mixed homogeneously.
  • the solids content of the mixture was approx. 50% by weight and was optionally further diluted. With a solids content of 50%, the application viscosity at 23 ° C. (ISO cup 5 mm DIN EN ISO 2431) was about 30 s. Print parameters
  • the tests were carried out with a ChromoJET TT version 2.0 tabletop printer from Zimmer Austria.
  • the premixed paint formulations were filled into 300 mL pressure tanks 10 minutes after mixing.
  • An operating pressure of 1 to 3.5 bar was set by means of a pressure regulator.
  • the system was rinsed several times with the paint formulation and then prints were made on the cleaned substrates.
  • the printing area was 130 * 70 mm.
  • the carriage speed was 0.6 m / s.
  • a printhead with 9 nozzle groups with a nozzle diameter of 100 ⁇ m, 120 ⁇ m or 150 ⁇ m was used.
  • the system was flushed with ethyl acetate.
  • the applied paints are cured after a flash-off time of 10 minutes at room temperature in an oven at 140 ° C. for 25 minutes.
  • Example No. 4 will give a streaky surface and that Example No. 5 and No. 6 will give a satisfactory printed image.
  • the "key figure K” listed in the tables was calculated using the formula already explained above:
  • the key figure from the defined limit values according to the invention results in a parameter range which surprisingly leads to the desired surface qualities and print qualities / thicknesses for the industrial lacquer qualities printed on the valvejet printer.

Landscapes

  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une formulation de revêtement 2K qui est imprimée à l'aide d'une imprimante à "jet de valves".
EP20801273.2A 2019-11-14 2020-11-10 Procédé pour revêtir un substrat avec une imprimante à jet d'encre du type goutte à la demande Withdrawn EP4058204A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19209060 2019-11-14
PCT/EP2020/081554 WO2021094271A1 (fr) 2019-11-14 2020-11-10 Procédé pour revêtir un substrat avec une imprimante à jet d'encre du type goutte à la demande

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4058204A1 true EP4058204A1 (fr) 2022-09-21

Family

ID=68581526

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20801273.2A Withdrawn EP4058204A1 (fr) 2019-11-14 2020-11-10 Procédé pour revêtir un substrat avec une imprimante à jet d'encre du type goutte à la demande

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20230001691A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4058204A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114641349A (fr)
WO (1) WO2021094271A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114641350B (zh) * 2019-11-14 2025-02-11 科思创德国股份有限公司 用按需喷墨打印机涂覆基底的方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10224128A1 (de) 2002-05-29 2003-12-18 Schmid Rhyner Ag Adliswil Verfahren zum Auftrag von Beschichtungen auf Oberflächen
EP3000602B1 (fr) 2014-09-26 2020-07-22 Agfa Nv Procédé d'éjection à viscosité élevée
EP3257590A1 (fr) 2016-06-16 2017-12-20 Airbus Operations GmbH Impression et peinture sans masque
WO2019030267A1 (fr) 2017-08-09 2019-02-14 Covestro Deutschland Ag Procédé pour fabriquer un objet tridimensionnel présentant une partie d'objet individualisée et produite par l'intermédiaire d'une impression 3d
GB2608517B (en) 2017-11-30 2023-03-29 Axalta Coating Systems Gmbh Coating compositions for application utilizing a high transfer efficiency applicator and methods and systems thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114641349A (zh) 2022-06-17
WO2021094271A1 (fr) 2021-05-20
US20230001691A1 (en) 2023-01-05

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