EP4012260A1 - Procédé de régulation d'un procédé de combustion d'une chaudière à gaz et chaudière à gaz - Google Patents
Procédé de régulation d'un procédé de combustion d'une chaudière à gaz et chaudière à gaz Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4012260A1 EP4012260A1 EP21207261.5A EP21207261A EP4012260A1 EP 4012260 A1 EP4012260 A1 EP 4012260A1 EP 21207261 A EP21207261 A EP 21207261A EP 4012260 A1 EP4012260 A1 EP 4012260A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- gas
- exhaust gas
- control unit
- partial exhaust
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
- F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/9901—Combustion process using hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide water or brown gas as fuel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling a combustion process of a gas boiler according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the invention also relates to a gas boiler designed to carry out the method according to patent claim 14.
- an ionization current control is used in the case of an electronic network.
- a voltage is applied between an electrode positioned in a flame of the gas boiler and a surface of the gas boiler.
- the current flow between the electrode and the surface is dependent on the combustion air ratio or gas number.
- Charge carriers which are created during the combustion of fuels or fuel gases containing carbon, lead to a measurable ionization current that can be used to regulate the mixture in the gas boiler. If pure hydrogen is used as the fuel gas, the proportion of carbon required for the measurement is not present and mixture control using this variant is impossible.
- broadband probes for measuring oxygen according to the Nernst method are also suitable for controlling the mixture.
- a gas mixture is controlled in a fuel gas-powered heater, which is composed of a gas and a fuel gas.
- the gas mixture is generated by providing and mixing a quantity of gas via a first actuator and a quantity of combustible gas via a second actuator.
- a microthermal gas mixture sensor which detects at least one material property of the gas mixture, is charged with the gas mixture and continuously transmits a sensor signal that is dependent on the respective gas mixture to a control unit.
- the control unit compares the detected sensor signal with a target value of the sensor signal and, if the detected sensor signal deviates from the target value of the sensor signal, controls at least one of the first and second actuators.
- the gas mixture is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the amount of gas and/or increasing or decreasing the amount of combustible gas until the setpoint value of the sensor signal is reached.
- the object of the invention is therefore to develop a method that enables safe, reliable and simple mixture control using hydrogen, in particular pure hydrogen, as fuel gas.
- a modulation range is to be understood as the range between maximum and minimum burner output.
- a gas comprises air as an essential component.
- a continuous detection of a sensor is also understood to mean a technically conditioned quasi-continuous detection, with a quasi-continuous detection being a detection with high clocking, in the present application several times per second, in which the timing is selected to be much shorter compared to the inertia of the system to be detected.
- a temperature corridor is to be understood as meaning a range between a first setpoint value for the temperature and a second setpoint value for the temperature.
- the gas mixture is generated by providing and mixing a quantity of gas via a first actuator and a quantity of combustible gas via a second actuator, wherein at least a first sensor is charged with a partial flow of exhaust gas, wherein the first sensor continuously detects a thermal material property of the partial flow of exhaust gas, wherein the first sensor transmits a first sensor signal that is dependent on the partial exhaust gas flow to a control unit, wherein the partial exhaust gas flow is applied to at least one second sensor, wherein the second sensor continuously detects a temperature of the partial exhaust gas flow and wherein the second sensor transmits a second sensor signal that is dependent on the partial exhaust gas flow transmitted by the control unit.
- the meaningfulness of the measurements of the first sensor can be improved, since the thermal material properties change with the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- control unit compares the first sensor signal with a first setpoint value for the first sensor signal stored in the control unit and the control unit compares the second sensor signal with second setpoint values for the second sensor signal stored in the control unit. If the detected first sensor signal deviates from the target value, the control unit is activated at least one of the first and second actuators and the ratio of gas to fuel gas of the gas mixture is thereby changed until the measured first sensor signal corresponds to the stored first target value.
- the temperature of the partial exhaust gas flow is regulated on the basis of the sensor signals from the second sensor in such a way that the temperature lies within a temperature corridor which is limited at the top by the operating temperatures of the two sensors and which is limited at the bottom by the dew point temperature of the partial exhaust gas flow. On the one hand, this can The service life of the sensors used can be improved, which enables lower maintenance and repair costs, and on the other hand it is possible to avoid water condensing out of the exhaust gas, which can improve the reliability of the measurement.
- the temperature of the partial exhaust gas flow is regulated in a predetermined corridor, with an upper limit of the corridor being given by an upper operating temperature of the first sensor and/or the upper operating temperature of the second sensor, with a lower limit of the corridor being determined by the dew point temperature of the exhaust gas is given.
- this can improve the service life of the sensors used, which enables lower maintenance and repair costs, and on the other hand, water can be prevented from condensing out of the exhaust gas, which can improve the reliability of the measurement.
- the first actuator is designed as a blower and the second actuator as a fuel gas control valve. Using these devices, the composition of the mixture can be easily and quickly adapted to the given requirements.
- the partial flow of exhaust gas is regulated by means of a throttle element.
- a targeted discharge of the partial exhaust gas flow from the combustion chamber is necessary for an accurate measurement, the results of which can be improved in this way.
- the first sensor and the second sensor form a sensor element.
- the first and the second sensor form a unit that can be quickly exchanged for maintenance and/or repair.
- ambient air is applied to the first sensor and the second sensor and the gas boiler is flushed with ambient air. This can improve the reliability of the measurements, since, for example, excess water vapor is transported out of the system.
- thermal material properties of different ratios of gas to combustible gas are calculated in advance and assigned to these and stored as data values in the control unit, with the data value assigned to the desired ratio of gas to combustible gas being used in a control circuit as a setpoint value for the signal from the first sensor . In this way, rapid and reliable control of the gas heater can be made possible.
- the fuel gas includes hydrogen. This enables ecological combustion and reduces the emission of greenhouse gases.
- a clear ratio of fuel gas to gas is assigned to each measured value of the first sensor.
- the unambiguous assignment can enable rapid regulation and low outlay when storing or processing the data.
- the gas boiler according to the invention is provided for carrying out the method according to at least one of claims 1 to 12. With such a gas heater, optimal combustion can be achieved under different installation conditions and/or ambient conditions.
- FIG 1 is a schematic representation of a basic structure of a gas boiler 100 for applying the method according to the invention.
- Fuel gas 103 is in a with a Combustion gas safety valve 101 secured line to a second actuator 106 out.
- the flow of the fuel gas 103 is regulated by means of a first actuator 102, which can be designed, for example, as a fuel gas control valve.
- Combustion gas 103 and gas 104 are brought together and mixed to form the gas mixture 105 upstream of the actuator 106 .
- Actuator 106 conveys the combustible gas mixture to the burner 113 where it is burned inside the combustion chamber 114 .
- a heat exchanger 115 transfers the heat generated by the combustion process to a heating circuit, not shown in this figure.
- a sensor element comprising a first sensor 108 for the thermal material property and a second sensor 109 for the temperature, uses the sensors 108, 109 to measure the thermal material properties and the temperature of the exhaust gas that is produced in the combustion chamber 114 from the combustion of the gas mixture 105 .
- the data measured are transferred to a control unit 107 for controlling the gas boiler 100 .
- a partial flow of exhaust gas 118 taken from the combustion chamber 114 flows around the sensors 108 , 109 . Partial exhaust gas flow 118 is extracted by means of an extraction line 110 located in the immediate vicinity of burner 113.
- the pressure inside combustion chamber 114 is higher than downstream from sensors 108, 109.
- Partial exhaust gas flow 118 is closed by a pressure difference between combustion chamber 114 and the environment the first sensor 108 and to the second sensor 109.
- a throttle element 112 regulates the partial exhaust gas flow 118.
- the temperature of the partial exhaust gas flow 118 at the first sensor 108 and the second sensor 109 is regulated by an exhaust gas cooler/exhaust gas heater 111.
- the temperature of the partial exhaust gas flow 118 must move within a predetermined corridor. The maximum permissible temperature is determined by the upper operating temperature of the two sensors 108 and 109.
- the lower temperature limit is the dew point temperature Partial exhaust gas stream 118, since water vapor condenses out when the temperature falls below the dew point, which would lead to an unwanted change in the composition of the partial exhaust gas stream 118, and would falsify measurements. Furthermore, a condensate drain 116 and a chimney pipe 117 are shown in this figure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020132501.0A DE102020132501A1 (de) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Verfahren zur Regelung eines Verbrennungsprozesses einer Gastherme und Gastherme |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4012260A1 true EP4012260A1 (fr) | 2022-06-15 |
Family
ID=78819271
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21207261.5A Withdrawn EP4012260A1 (fr) | 2020-12-07 | 2021-11-09 | Procédé de régulation d'un procédé de combustion d'une chaudière à gaz et chaudière à gaz |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4012260A1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE102020132501A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023212455B3 (de) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-12-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Automatisierung anhand Sauerstoffkonzentration |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2140587A (en) * | 1983-05-23 | 1984-11-28 | Kelsall Spurr John Kenneth Fra | Improvements in and relating to combustion processes |
| EP0158842A1 (fr) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-23 | Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. | Dispositif de régulation du rapport carburant/air d'une source de chaleur chauffée au carburant |
| DE102019101189A1 (de) | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-23 | Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh | Verfahren zur Regelung eines Gasgemisches |
| EP3734159A1 (fr) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-11-04 | ebm-papst Landshut GmbH | Procédé de vérification d'un capteur de mélange gazeux dans un appareil chauffant fonctionnant au gaz combustible |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4447285A1 (de) | 1994-12-30 | 1996-07-04 | Eberspaecher J | Fahrzeugheizgerät |
| DE202019100261U1 (de) | 2019-01-17 | 2019-02-04 | Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh | Heizgerät mit Regelung eines Gasgemisches |
-
2020
- 2020-12-07 DE DE102020132501.0A patent/DE102020132501A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-11-09 EP EP21207261.5A patent/EP4012260A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2140587A (en) * | 1983-05-23 | 1984-11-28 | Kelsall Spurr John Kenneth Fra | Improvements in and relating to combustion processes |
| EP0158842A1 (fr) * | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-23 | Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. | Dispositif de régulation du rapport carburant/air d'une source de chaleur chauffée au carburant |
| DE102019101189A1 (de) | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-23 | Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh | Verfahren zur Regelung eines Gasgemisches |
| EP3734159A1 (fr) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-11-04 | ebm-papst Landshut GmbH | Procédé de vérification d'un capteur de mélange gazeux dans un appareil chauffant fonctionnant au gaz combustible |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102020132501A1 (de) | 2022-06-09 |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20221216 |
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