Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/48—Devices or arrangements for removing water, minerals or sludge from boilers ; Arrangement of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/48—Devices or arrangements for removing water, minerals or sludge from boilers ; Arrangement of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
  • F22B37/486—Devices for removing water, minerals or sludge from boilers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/48—Devices or arrangements for removing water, minerals or sludge from boilers ; Arrangement of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
  • F22B37/52—Washing-out devices
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a cleaning system for cleaning ribbed heat exchanger tubes of a heat recovery steam generator of a combination power plant, which are arranged in rows in the interior of a boiler, using a cleaning medium, and a corresponding cleaning method.
• a gas turbine obtains usable energy by burning a fuel-air mixture.
• a heat recovery steam generator is arranged downstream of the gas turbine and uses the thermal energy of the exhaust gas coming from the gas turbine to generate steam. The steam generated then drives a steam turbine, which gains additional usable energy.
• the heat recovery steam generator can be divided into several areas. So it can have a low pressure area, a medium pressure area and a high pressure area. Each loading area can include an evaporator or heat exchanger in which water is evaporated. The steam leaving the evaporators can still be passed within the heat recovery steam generator through additional superheaters, in which the temperature and quality of the steam is improved.
• Some heat recovery steam generators also include their own burners to additionally heat the exhaust gas coming from the gas turbine if required.
• the heat exchanger tubes affected by sulfur deposits are then cleaned using a cleaning system.
• the cleaning system can, for example, be a commercially available C0 2 dry ice blasting system with which the heat exchanger tubes are blasted manually by the cleaning staff.
• a disadvantage of this procedure is that the cleaning staff is exposed to health-endangering conditions while the cleaning work is being carried out inside the boiler, which must be avoided in principle. Due to the mostly closely adjacent heat exchanger tubes, only the first two to three rows of heat exchanger tubes can be effectively cleaned, since the rows behind are not sufficiently accessible for hand-held heaters of conventional C0 2 dry ice blasting systems. A reduction in the efficiency of the heat recovery steam generator, which is due to sulfur deposits on rows of heat exchanger tubes further back, cannot be counteracted accordingly. Another disadvantage is that the erection and dismantling of a scaffold within the boiler is very time-consuming and personnel-intensive, which leads to long downtimes and high costs.
• the present invention provides a cleaning system for cleaning inside a boiler arranged in rows, ribbed heat exchanger shear tubes of a heat recovery steam generator of a combination power plant using a cleaning medium, comprising a pump device to be arranged in particular outside the boiler, for Conveying the cleaning medium is designed from at least one cleaning medium reservoir, at least one cleaning device that ejects the cleaning medium, can be arranged inside the boiler and is motor-movable in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction, and is connected to the pump device via a delivery line, and a control device to be arranged outside the boiler and which is designed to control the movement of the cleaning device. Thanks to the motorized movement of the cleaning device, it is not necessary for cleaning personnel to be inside the boiler during the actual cleaning process of the heat exchanger tubes, thereby minimizing the health risk to the personnel.
• the pump device is advantageously designed such that it compresses the cleaning medium to at least 30 bar. In this way, a very good mechanical cleaning performance is achieved.
• the cleaning device has a high-pressure surface emitter, which is preferably held immovably on it.
• High-pressure surface lamps are available on the market in various configurations, which has a favorable effect on the price of the cleaning system. The same applies to the immovable arrangement, since additional motors and the like are not required.
• the cleaning device advantageously has at least one protruding motor motor that can be moved back and forth and provided with a fluid channel cleaning lance, which is provided in the region of its free end with at least one outlet opening or outlet nozzle, in particular with two outlet openings or outlet nozzles, which eject the cleaning medium in different directions, the ejection directions preferably at an angle of 90 ° are arranged to each other.
• a cleaning lance which can be moved forwards and backwards, the fluid channel of which, for example, can have a diameter in the range between 3 and 8 mm, is advantageous in that it can also be inserted between heat exchanger tubes arranged very closely between them.
• heat exchanger tubes in rows further back are easily accessible and can be cleaned accordingly, as a result of which the efficiency of the heat recovery steam generator, which has been reduced by the sulfur deposits, can be completely or almost completely restored.
• the provision of several outlet openings or outlet nozzles that eject the cleaning medium in different directions, the accessibility to rows of heat exchanger tubes further back is very beneficial.
• the cleaning device has both a high-pressure surface jet and a cleaning lance of the aforementioned type, the high-pressure surface jet and the cleaning lance are advantageously offset from one another in the vertical direction, so that they cannot obstruct one another when actuated at the same time.
• the at least one outlet nozzle is preferably provided on a rotating nozzle bar arranged on the lance, which preferably be rotated by the lance itself by flowing cleaning medium in a manner known per se. In this way, a rotating jet is generated, which enables large-area cleaning with a stationary lance.
• the cleaning lance can be pivoted in a horizontal plane, in particular can be pivoted by a motor. The alignment of the cleaning lance can thus be adapted in particular to different arrangements of heat exchanger tubes of different heat recovery steam generators.
• At least one sensor connected to the control device is provided, which monitors the immediate vicinity of the cleaning lance for potential obstacles, the control device being set up in such a way that it automatically moves or stops the cleaning lance in the event of an obstacle detection such that a piston is prevented with the detected obstacle, and / or that it issues a warning signal. Accordingly, the collision of the lance with an obstacle and thus damage to the cleaning device can be reliably prevented.
• the at least one sensor can be, for example, a distance sensor or the like.
• the cleaning device has a camera unit which is connected in particular with the control device and / or with an analysis device to be arranged outside the boiler, wherein optionally a lighting unit for illuminating the image area detected by the camera unit can be provided can.
• a camera unit can serve to facilitate the movement of the cleaning device within the boiler if the movement is carried out by an operator using the control device.
• the camera unit can also be used to determine the condition of the heat exchanger tubes before cleaning them and / or to check the cleaning result after cleaning.
• the corresponding image data can then be stored in the analysis device for documentation.
• this analysis device can be kept both on-premises or in a cloud.
• a sensor which detects the actual position of the cleaning device and is connected to the control device and / or to an analysis device to be arranged outside the boiler.
• the detection of the actual position of the cleaning device is part of the fact that the actual position can be compared with the target position in order to be able to identify deviations at an early stage.
• the detected actual positions can also be assigned to the images of the camera unit, for example, so that the images can in turn be clearly assigned to a specific position within the boiler.
• the cleaning system advantageously has two to be arranged within the boiler at a predetermined distance from each other, each extending vertically extending support profiles and a vertically movable, horizontally extending guide profile held thereon, on which the cleaning device is arranged horizontally movable by motor, preferably Devices for detecting the respective end positions of the movement of the guide profile and / or the movement of the cleaning device are provided.
• the implementation of the movement of the cleaning device via two vertical support profiles and a horizontally movable horizontal guide profile held on them is characterized in particular by the very simple, inexpensive and robust construction, which can also be assembled with little expenditure of time.
• the devices for detecting the respective end positions can be implemented, for example, using conventional limit switches.
• the guide profile is advantageously composed of several sub-profiles, which together define the length of the guide profile. This subdivision of the guide profile in particular facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the guide profile within the boiler.
• the motorized vertical movement of the guide profile is realized via at least one rope or chain drive, which is positioned on the outside of the boiler and whose rope or chain is guided through a boiler opening and fastened to the guide profile.
• two rope or chain drives are used to achieve the most uniform possible force on the guide profile.
• the arrangement of the at least one rope or chain drive on the outside of the boiler is advantageous in that the at least one rope or chain drive can remain permanently installed, which, when positioned within the boiler, due to the heat recovery during operation. Steam generator prevail the high temperatures would not be recommended.
• At least one test device to be arranged within the boiler and movable there in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction is provided, in particular for carrying out a visual diagnosis and / or for carrying out and documenting color penetration tests and / or for carrying out is designed by ultrasonic tests.
• a test device can, for example, be arranged on the guide profile instead of the cleaning device.
• the test facility can be equipped with a camera unit for visual assessment.
• the test device can, for example, use a rotating steel brush to clean the area to be tested, a spray device to apply the paint, a rotating felt brush to wipe off the applied paint, and another spray device to apply a second medium and a camera unit for taking a photo.
• the test device can, for example be equipped with a spray device for spraying a coupling agent and an ultrasonic test head.
• the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned object, a method for cleaning in the interior of a boiler arranged in rows of heat exchanger tubes of a heat recovery steam generator of a combination power plant using a cleaning system according to the invention.
• the cleaning medium used is in particular water mixed with NH40H, preferably demineralized water mixed with NH40H, the proportion of NH40H being in particular in the range between 20 and 25% by weight and / or in which the pH of the cleaning medium is in particular in the range from 10 to 12 lies.
• NH40H demineralized water mixed with NH40H
• a chemical cleaning effect is achieved in addition to the mechanical cleaning effect, which can significantly improve the cleaning result.
• the control of the movement of the cleaning device by the control device takes place according to an embodiment of the present invention based on an algorithm autonomously, in particular with the inclusion of sensor data from sensors monitoring the environment of the cleaning device and / or from sensors monitoring the actual position of the cleaning device. Thanks to such an autonomous control, the personnel expenditure for carrying out the method can be significantly reduced.
• the movement of the cleaning device in the method according to the invention can also be controlled by a person operating the control device.
• Both versions are characterized by the fact that no one has to be present inside the boiler during the actual cleaning
• an assessment of the heat exchanger tubes to be cleaned and / or after the cleaning is advantageously carried out, the cleaning result is checked, in particular using a camera unit which is integrated in the cleaning device or in the testing device, the finding and / or the cleaning result is preferably saved for the purpose of documentation.
• the support profiles are preferably positioned within the boiler in such a way that they extend parallel to the heat exchanger tubes and that the guide profile Over its length has a uniform distance from the front row of heat exchanger tubes, which is in particular be measured such that the shortest distance between a high pressure surface heater of the cleaning device and the heat exchanger tubes of the front row is in the range from 50 to 200 mm, better still in the range of 80 to 130mm.
• the support profiles remain in place within the boiler during the further operation of the heat recovery steam generator, so that they only have to be installed during the first cleaning.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional side view showing a boiler of a heat recovery steam generator with a cleaning system according to an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 2 is an enlarged plan view of a front portion of the arrangement shown in Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a test device.
• FIGS 1 and 2 show a cleaning system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• the cleaning system 1 is used to clean the inside of a boiler 2 in rows of ordered, ribbed heat exchanger tubes 3 using a cleaning medium from the outside, where the boiler 2 forms part of a heat recovery steam generator 4 of a combination power plant 5.
• a gas turbine gains usable energy in a known manner by the combustion of a fuel-air mixture.
• the hot exhaust gas generated during the combustion is passed on to the heat recovery steam generator 4 and flows there through the boiler 2 in the direction of arrow 6.
• water is passed in the direction of arrow 7 through the heat exchanger tubes 3 arranged in the boiler 2, takes thermal energy of the exhaust gas and is evaporated.
• the steam generated is then fed to a steam turbine, not shown, and drives it.
• the cleaning system 1 comprises, as main components, a pump device 8 and a cleaning device 9, which are connected to one another via a delivery line 10.
• the pump device 8 is arranged outside the boiler 2. It is designed so that stored in a cleaning medium reservoir 11 cleaning medium to be used for the cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 3 to compress to at least 30 bar before lying and to supply the cleaning device 9 in the compressed state.
• the cleaning medium in the present case is about 25% by weight ammonia (NH30H), fully demineralized water with a pH of 11.
• the cleaning device 9 in the present case comprises a high-pressure surface heater 12 and a cleaning lance 13, both of which are provided with the cleaning medium via the delivery line 10.
• the high-pressure surface heater 12 is held immovably on the cleaning device 9.
• the cleaning lance 13 protruding outwards from the cleaning device 9, on the other hand, can be moved back and forth in the direction of the arrow 14 by means of a motor, and can be pivoted by a motor within a horizontal plane in the direction of the arrow 15.
• the cleaning lance 13 defines a fluid channel extending in the longitudinal direction through the cleaning lance 13, not shown in the present case, the diameter of which is preferably in the range of 3-8 mm.
• the fluid channel opens into two outlet openings 16, which are arranged in the region of the free end of the cleaning lance 13 and eject the cleaning medium in different directions, the ejection directions in the illustrated embodiment being arranged at an angle of preferably 90 ° to one another, as in FIG Figure 2 is indicated by the dashed lines.
• the two outlet openings 16 are also hen on a rotatably arranged on the cleaning lance 13 nozzle head 17, which is rotated by the cleaning lance 13 flowing cleaning medium itself, as indicated in Figure 2 by the arrow 18.
• the cleaning device 9 is in its entirety according to the arrows 19 and 20 in a vertical direction Movable in the direction and in the horizontal direction.
• the cleaning system 1 in the present case comprises two within the boiler 2 at a predetermined distance A from each other, each vertically extending support profiles 21 and a vertically movable, horizontally extending, parallel to the heat exchanger tubes 3 arranged guide profile 22 on which the cleaning device 9 is guided.
• the guide profile 22 can be composed of several partial profiles, which together define the length of the guide profile 22, as is indicated in FIG. 2 by the dashed line. Such a subdivision can be beneficial to the days of the guide profile inside the boiler 2.
• the distance A between the two support profiles 21 is chosen such that it is somewhat larger than the length L of the rows of heat exchanger tubes.
• the distance between the guide profile 22 and the front row of heat exchanger tubes 3 is dimensioned such that the shortest distance a between the high-pressure surface heater 12 of the cleaning device 9 and the heat exchanger tubes 3 of the front row is 100 mm.
• the vertical motor movement of the guide profile 22 and thus the cleaning device 9 in the direction of arrow 19 is realized here via two rope or chain drives 23, which are positioned on the outside of the boiler 2 and whose ropes or chains 24 are each guided through a boiler opening 25 and are attached to the guide profile 22.
• the guide profile 22 can be moved up and down on the support profiles 21 via rollers 26 by actuating the cable or chain drives 23.
• the motori cal horizontal movement of the cleaning device 9 along the guide profile 22 in the direction of the arrow 20 takes place before lying via a drive unit 27 which is positioned on the cleaning device 9.
• the cleaning system 1 has a control device 29 with which the cable or chain drives 23 and the drive unit 27 are connected.
• devices 28 are provided in the form of limit switches, which are also connected to the control device 29.
• the energy and data supply of the cleaning device 9 can be done for example via a trailing cable or the like.
• the movement of the cleaning device 9 is controlled autonomously by the control device 29 based on an algorithm which specifies the movements to be carried out by the cleaning device 9, the cleaning lance 13 and the guide profile 22.
• the cleaning device 9 is provided with at least one sensor 30, which is connected to the control device 29 for data processing purposes and which monitors the immediate environment of the cleaning lance 13 with respect to potential obstacles.
• the control device 29 is set up such that it automatically moves or stops the cleaning lance 13 in the event of an obstacle detection in such a way that a collision with the detected obstacle is prevented.
• the at least one sensor 30 can, for example, be realized by a suitable distance sensor.
• the cleaning device 9 in the present case has a camera unit 31, which is connected to the control device 29 for data processing purposes, and an illumination unit integrated in the camera unit 31 for illuminating the image area captured by the camera unit 31.
• camera units ten 31 are positioned within the boiler 2 such that they do not become dirty during the cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 3 and the cleaning device 9 and its cleaning lance 13 are always visible to the operator.
• the cleaning system 1 further comprises an analysis device 32, in which images recorded in particular by the camera unit 30 integrated in the cleaning device 9 can be stored, with each picture advantageously the actual position of the cleaning device 9 determined via the sensor system at the time of the Image creation is assigned to assign a specific position within the boiler to the images.
• the analysis device 32 can be kept on-premises or in a cloud.
• the cleaning system 1 can additionally have a test device 33, which can be arranged inside the boiler 2 and can be moved there by motor in the vertical and horizontal directions and is shown schematically in FIG Guide profile 22 is guided and, for example, instead of the cleaning device 9 can be arranged on this.
• the test device 33 can be provided with a camera unit 31 for a visual diagnosis.
• the test device can, for example, use a rotating steel brush 34 for cleaning the area to be tested, a spray device 35 for applying the paint, a rotating felt brush 36 for wiping off the applied paint, and another spray device 35 for applying a second medium and a camera unit 31 for taking a photo.
• the test device 33 can be equipped, for example, with a spray device 35 for spraying on a coupling agent and an ultrasonic test head 37.
• the camera unit 31, the steel brush 34, the spray device 35, the felt brush 36 and the ultrasound head 37, which are only shown schematically in FIG. 3, can be arranged together on a single test device 33. Alternatively, they can also be wholly or partially integrated into the cleaning device 9 or divided into several test devices 33.
• the individual components of the cleaning system 1 are assembled, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, after the temperature of the boiler 2 has dropped so that the cleaning staff can enter it.
• the actual state can optionally be determined.
• state images of the heat exchanger tubes 3 are created with the camera unit 31 of the cleaning device 9 and each image is assigned the actual position of the cleaning device 9 determined by the sensor system at the time of the image creation.
• the data are then transmitted to the analysis device 32 and stored there.
• the heat exchanger shear tubes 3 are cleaned using the high-pressure surface heater 12 and the cleaning lance 13.
• the high-pressure surface heater which is aligned frontally with the heat exchanger tubes 3, takes over the cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 3 of the front row of tubes and partial cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 3 row of pipes arranged behind.
• the cleaning lance is inserted into the spaces between the heat exchanger tubes 3 of the front row of tubes and takes over the cleaning of the heat exchanger tubes 3 at least the second, third and fourth row of tubes. A very thorough cleaning is achieved in this way.
• the heat exchanger tubes 3 can be rinsed again, for example with demineralized water. This can be done manually using a conventional high-pressure cleaner or also using the cleaning device 9.
• the cleaning result can be documented, for example using the camera unit 31 of the cleaning device 9 again, with each image, which is determined by the sensor system, the actual position of the cleaning device 9 at the time of the image creation.
• the data are then likewise transmitted to the analysis device 32 and stored there.
• test devices of the type described above.
• the cleaning system 1 is demon tated, wherein at least the support profiles 21 and the cable or chain drives 23 can remain in place until the next cleaning.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=68887384

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2018
  • 2018-12-21 DE DE102018222765.9A patent/DE102018222765A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2019
  • 2019-11-27 EP EP19821018.9A patent/EP3867571A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2019-11-27 PH PH1/2021/551486A patent/PH12021551486A1/en unknown
  • 2019-11-27 KR KR1020217022506A patent/KR20210103534A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2019-11-27 WO PCT/EP2019/082750 patent/WO2020126370A1/de unknown

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